2018 NCIS CROP RESEARCH

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1 Wheat, Potatoes 2018 NCIS CROP RESEARCH Corn, Sweetcorn Sweetcorn, Cranberry Snap bean Millet Popcorn, Popcorn, Corn Corn Corn Wheat Canola, Wheat, Corn, Milo Milo Peanut Milo 2017 NCIS

2 DESCRIPTION OF NEW RESEARCH PROJECTS 2018 Dr. Mark Zarnstorff and Dr. James Houx December 2017

3 Description of New Research Projects 2018 CORN Second Losses This project will assist in determining the accuracy of the second loss chart, and expands on recently completed second loss research studies, which indicated the second loss chart may overestimate losses significantly. The initial research studies were conducted in Illinois, Minnesota and Ohio and looked at damage from multiple storms primarily in the vegetative stages. The study will apply first damage during the vegetative through tassel stages at various levels of defoliation, followed by second damage after tassel and during grain fill. Locations: Illinois, Minnesota and Ohio. SUGARBEET Stand Reduction/Defoliation This project will serve to determine whether current stand reduction and defoliation loss charts remain accurate for newer sugar beet hybrids. Hybrids have changed since the last research was conducted on sugar beets in the 1990 s. Insurance personnel in the sugar beet growing region of Minnesota believe that producers are reluctant to buy hail polices because they do not think that procedures are up-to-date for hybrids currently grown. This project was proposed by the Minnesota Regional/State Committee. Location: North Dakota. PEANUT Defoliation/Plant Damage This project is an expansion of previous research that was conducted in Texas and used to develop the initial hail loss procedures for peanuts. Recommended by the Gulf States Regional/State Committee, the purpose of this project is to carry out studies in a different geographic area of the United States where weather, elevation, production practices and varieties vary from the West Texas peanutgrowing region where the research was initially conducted. The study would show whether peanuts in the Southeast respond to damage differently than West Texas. Location: Georgia INDUSTRIAL HEMP Stand Reduction/Defoliation This project will focus on the effects of stand reduction and defoliation on industrial hemp. Industrial Hemp is a new crop that has been getting interest as a potential alternative to current commodity type crops. Interest is in the oil and other components for health and medicinal uses, with a secondary use for the plant fiber. Recent changes in the Farm Bill and DEA regulations have allowed some acres of this crop to be grown commercially. States with the greatest number of planted acres include North Dakota, Colorado, Kentucky and Tennessee. Currently there are no loss procedures for any insurance coverage on this crop. Location: North Dakota 1

4 SNAP BEAN Stand Reduction/Defoliation The current snap bean loss instructions are based on research that was conducted in the 1970 s. Varieties and production practices have changed considerably since that time. This project will include stand reduction and defoliation studies to determine whether the loss charts are still accurate for the varieties of snap beans being planted today. The project will also determine whether a method for determining loss from cutoffs should be added to the loss procedures. This project was proposed by the Illinois/Wisconsin Regional/State Committee. Location: Wisconsin CRANBERRY Plant Damage The current cranberry loss instructions are based on research that was conducted in the 1990 s. New, improved varieties have been released since that time which has led to questions regarding the applicability of the current procedure to the newer varieties. This project will determine whether new varieties do respond similarly to what the procedures show or whether the procedures need to be updated. This project was proposed due to concerns expressed by some CH/PPLA Committee members. Location: Wisconsin. SOYBEAN Node Removal/Defoliation This research project will be conducted in cooperation with the Canadian Hail Association and would examine the response of soybeans to node removal and defoliation under the growing conditions of Canada. There has been a tremendous expansion of soybean acres into Manitoba and Saskatchewan, and there are questions as to the recoverability of the soybeans under the shorter growing seasons. Location: Saskatchewan, supervised by researcher Dr. Steve Shirtliffe. 2

5 CONTINUING PROJECTS 2018 Crop Hail POPCORN - Stand Reduction Locations: Nebraska, Ohio Dr. Roger Elmore University of Nebraska Dr. Peter Thomison Ohio State University This research will verify that the loss charts for stand reduction are current for popcorn. The current stand reduction chart is based on research that was conducted for field corn with no research done on popcorn varieties. Popcorn is generally considered to be less resilient than regular field corn, so that there are questions as to the use the current stand reduction chart. SWEET CORN - Stand Reduction Locations: Minnesota, Wisconsin MN Dr. Vince Fritz; WI Dr. Joe Lauer Dr. Joe Lauer University of Wisconsin Dr. Vince Fritz University of Minnesota This research will verify that the loss charts for stand reduction are current for sweetcorn. The current stand reduction chart is based on research that was conducted for field corn with no research done on sweetcorn varieties. Sweetcorn is generally considered to be less resilient than regular field corn, so that there are questions as to the use the current stand reduction chart. MILO/GRAIN SORGHUM - Stand Reduction Locations: Kansas, Texas Dr. Kraig Roozeboom Kansas State University Dr. Ronnie Schnell Texas A&M University This research will verify that the loss charts for Milo/Grain Sorghum are current for stand reduction. The current loss adjustment handbook was released in 1980, and no further research has been done 3

6 on this crop since. With major changes in varieties and genetics since the release of the loss handbook it is prudent to verify that the procedures are still current. POTATO Second and Third Losses Locations: Washington, North Dakota Dr. Mark Pavek Washington State University Dr. Harlene Hatterman-Valenti - North Dakota State University A question has been raised as to the impact of second and third storms on the productivity of potatoes. We are currently unable to zero out a crop of potatoes even after two or three storms. This research would see if the potato plant is capable of recovery after multiple storms in the same manner as it is from one storm. WHEAT -High and Low Hangers Locations: Washington and Kansas (Garden City & Manhattan) Dr. John Holman/Dr. AJ Foster/Romulo Lollato Kansas State University Dr. Ian Burke Washington State University This work would be comparable to what we are currently doing in Manhattan, Kansas, looking at the fill of wheat heads that have been crimped over either above or below the flag leaf at the various stages during grain fill. The project in Washington would look at two different types of wheat winter wheat and spring wheat, while the project in Garden City, Kansas would focus on winter wheat. CANOLA MPCI Pod Fill Appraisal Location: Kansas Researcher: Dr. Kraig Roozeboom Kansas State University This research will focus on the MPCI appraisal method with the intent being to determine a method to appraise canola during the pod filling stage. Currently the adjuster must wait until the seed pods have started to mature to remove the seeds from the pods to obtain an accurate appraisal. Previous observations suggest that there may be ways to obtain factors based on the filling of the pods to provide an accurate appraisal. 4

7 CORN - Maturity Line Method Locations: Nebraska and Kansas Dr. Roger Elmore University of Nebraska Dr. Kraig Roozeboom Kansas State University This project will continue to research the development and filling of the corn grain with a focus on determining if the current Maturity Line Appraisal factors should be changed. This research will be added to previous research that has been done in several states. PROSO MILLET Vegetative and Reproductive Appraisal Methods Location: Nebraska Drs. Dipak Santra and Cody Creech University of Nebraska This research will focus on the development of a stand reduction procedure for vegetative appraisals for proso Millet. We will also look at tillering and other factors that affect yield from the various stands that are obtained. SOYBEAN Late R stage defoliation Locations: North Dakota, Indiana, Iowa, Arkansas Dr. Burton Johnson North Dakota State University Dr. Shaun Casteel Purdue University Dr. Jeremy Ross University of Arkansas Dr. Mark Licht Iowa State University This research is a follow up of previous projects that researched the impact of defoliation at the R-1 and R-3 stages of soybean growth. The most recent research suggests that there is greater loss from defoliation at the R-1 and R-3 stages than our charts would currently suggest. This increase in loss at R-3 most likely will result in differences in the R-4, and R-5 stages. This research will focus on the R-4 and R-5 stages of soybean growth and the response to defoliation. 5