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1 DOI: 1.138/ncb37 a mrna relative expression CTR NGPS OCT4 SOX2 KLF4 c-myc b BANF1 mrna levels plko.1 shbanf1 c Tra-1-6+ colonies 3 1 plko.1 shbanf1 d BANF1 locus Plasmid donor template 3kb loxp 3kb Fwd PGK-Neo loxp * Rev e Recombinant allele BAF NGPS-iPSC 1 2 M r (K) 5 37 CTR pbabe BANF1 NGPS pbabe BANF1 BAF f % Abnormal nuclei CTR NGPS NGPS edited g Tra-1-6+ colonies pbabe BANF1 CTR NGPS Soria-Valles et al. Supplementary Fig. 1 Supplementary Figure 1 Reversal of NGPS alterations through expression of wild-type BANF1. (a) qrt-pcr of OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and c-myc in control and NGPS fibroblasts at day 3 of reprogramming. n = 3 independent experiments. (b) Control fibroblasts were transduced with a BANF1-specific shrna. qrt-pcr of BANF1 mrna was performed in plko.1 and shbanf1 transduced fibroblasts. mrna mean relative values are represented. n = 3 independent experiments, P =.2. (c) BANF1 down-regulation impedes cell reprogramming. plko.1 and shbanf1 transduced-fibroblasts were reprogrammed. Plot represents the number of Tra-1-6 positive colonies. n = 3 independent experiments, P =.1. (d) Scheme depicting the strategy followed for genome editing of NGPSiPSCs using CRISPR-Cas9 system. The purpose of this experiment was introducing through homologous-directed repair the BANF1 wild-type sequence in NGPS-iPSCs. (e) Two representative clones from NGPS-iPSCs were analyzed by PCR in order to detect the presence of the recombinant allele. Note that recombinant allele c.34g expression in NGPS-iPSCs notably increased the levels of BAF. Western blot analysis of BAF in edited NGPS fibroblasts (left). Western-blot analysis of BAF in control and NGPS fibroblasts transduced with a retroviral vector containing wild-type BANF1 transgene (right). A representative image is shown of 3 independent experiments. (f) Representative analysis of nuclear envelope abnormalities in fibroblasts derived from NGPS-corrected ipscs. n = 1 cells assessed in 3 independent preparations, P =.1 both comparisons. (g) NGPS fibroblasts transduced with wild-type BANF1 were reprogrammed into ipscs. The plot represents the number of Tra-1-6 positive colonies. n = 3 independent experiments, P =.1. Error bars indicate SEM (P<.1, two-tailed Student s t test). Unprocessed original scans of blots are shown in Supplementary Fig Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
2 a CTR-iPSCs G C A T G C NGPS-iPSCs A C A T G T b OCT4 SOX2 HF ESC CTR N-I N-II NANOG GDF3 fwd rev fwd rev htert b -actin c Ectoderm Mesoderm Endoderm d Fibroblasts ipscs CTR N-I N-II CTR N-I N-II N-II n = 577 CpGs N-I CTR n = 474 CpGs 1 DNA methylation level Supplementary Figure 2 Detailed analysis of NGPS and control ipscs. (a) BANF1 c.34g>a mutation verified by DNA sequencing of NGPS-iPSCs. (b) RT-PCR analysis of pluripotency markers in representative clones from control and NGPS-iPSCs. RNA from human fibroblasts (HF) and hesc was used as a negative and positive control, respectively. (c) Representative series of hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) stained sections from teratomas produced from control, N-I and N-II-iPSCs are shown. All of them formed teratomas with tissues representing all three embryonic germ layers. Bar, 1 μm. (d) DNA methylation profiling of control and NGPS fibroblasts and ipscs. NGPS-iPSCs showed methylation patterns indistinguishable from control ipscs, erasing all the alterations shown by progeroid fibroblasts. Unprocessed original scans of PCRs are shown in Supplementary Fig Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
3 GO map (GOrilla software) of hypermethylated genes in NGPS vs CTR GO map (GOrilla software) of hypomethylated genes in NGPS vs CTR Soria-Valles et al. Supplementary Fig. 3 Supplementary Figure 3 Gene Ontology analysis of epigenetic alterations in NGPS-fibroblasts. Genes that showed significant differences in methylation status in NGPS fibroblasts as compared with controls were analyzed through gene ontology for functional annotation. 3 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
4 a b c HFs ipsc i ipsc +i d mrna relative expression g Tra-1-6+ colonies DOT1L relative expression 1 5 pbabe -i OCT IκBα-SR IKK2-KI +i NANOG e Relative cell number Tra-1-6+ colonies 3 1 pbabe IκBα-SR IKK2-KI plko.1 shbanf CTR 5 Series1 Series2 IKK2-CA 3 Series3 Tax Days f mrna relative expression OCT4 SOX2 NANOG GDF3 htert b -actin DOT1L YY1 * * NANOG LIN28A pbabe BANF1 NGPS-edited. CTR IKK2-CA Tax Soria-Valles et al. Supplementary Fig. 4 Supplementary Figure 4 regulation of somatic cell reprogramming. (a) NGPS-fibroblasts were transduced either with pbabe-empty vector, IκBα-SR or IKK-kinase inactive (KI) and reprogrammed into ipscs. Plot represents the number of Tra-1-6 positive colonies. Triplicates were done for each condition and mean values are represented. pbabe versus SR, P =.1; pbabe versus IKK2-KI, P =.2. (b) Control fibroblasts expressing a BANF1-specific shrna were transduced either with pbabe, IκBα-SR or IKK2-KI and reprogrammed. Plot represents the number of Tra-1-6 positive colonies. n = 3, pbabe versus SR, P =.1; pbabe versus IKK2-KI, P =.1. (c) ipscs derived from i-treated cultures express pluripotency-associated markers in a similar extent to untreated ipscs. RT-PCR results from representative clones are shown. RNA from human fibroblasts was used as negative control. (d) qrt-pcr of OCT-4 and NANOG in ipscs derived in the presence of inhibitors. n = 3 independent experiments. (e) Relative proliferative values of control-, IKK2-CA or Taxtransduced fibroblasts. (f) qrt-pcr of DOT1L (BANF1, P =.8; NGPSedited, P =.6), YY1 (BANF1, P =.9; NGPS-edited, P =.7), NANOG (BANF1, P =.2; NGPS-edited, P =.3) and LIN28A (BANF1, P =.4; NGPS-edited, P =.3) in NGPS corrected fibroblasts. n = 3 independent experiments. (g) qrt-pcr of DOT1L in control and IKK2-CA (P =.5) or Tax-transduced fibroblasts is shown (P =.3). n = 3 independent experiments. For the experiments with ipscs, at least three different clones were analyzed for each genotype and representative results are shown. Error bars indicate SEM (*P<.5; P<.1, twotailed Student s t test). Unprocessed original scans of PCRs are shown in Supplementary Fig Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
5 a b c Relative cell number CTR NGPS NGPS-edited NGPS NGPS-edited SA-β-Gal % SA-β-Gal positive cells CTR NGPS NGPS edited % BrdU positive nuclei CTR NGPS NGPS edited d CTR pbabe CTR BANF1 e pbabe BANF1 f pbabe BANF1 SA-β-Gal NGPS pbabe NGPS BANF Relative cell number Days pbabe BANF1 % SA-β-Gal positive cells % BrdU positive nuclei CTR NGPS CTR NGPS Supplementary Figure 5 Premature senescence in NGPS fibroblasts. (a) Relative proliferation values of control, NGPS and Cas9-edited NGPS fibroblasts. (b) SA-β-gal staining in the same cells. Percentage of cells with positive staining is represented. n = 1 cells assessed in 3 independent fields (also hereafter in similar experiments). P =.2. Bar, μm. (c) Percentage of cells with positive nuclear staining of anti-brdu antibody. P =.2. (d) Relative proliferation values of control and NGPS fibroblasts transduced with pbabe or BANF1 are represented. CTR versus NGPS, P =.1; pbabe versus BANF1, P =.2. (e) SA-β-gal staining in the same cells. CTR versus NGPS, P =.2; pbabe versus BANF1, P =.2. Bar, μm. (f) Percentage of cells with positive nuclear staining of anti-brdu antibody. Error bars indicate SEM (P<.1, two-tailed Student s t test). 5 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
6 a P-p53 p53 p21 p16 c e Oct-1 CTR NGPS pbabe SR pbabe SR p16 pbabe IκBα-SR M r (K) 5 37 plko.1 shbanf1 -shp53 +shp53 M r (K) b IκBα-SR pbabe 1 5 H 2 O 2 % SA-β-Gal positive cells % BrdU positive nuclei d Tra-1-6+ colonies pbabe IκBα-SR pbabe IκBα-SR NGPS shp53 IκBα-SR shp53/sr Supplementary Figure 6 regulation of p53-mediated senescence. (a) Western-blot analyses of p53, p21 and p16 proteins in control and NGPS fibroblasts transduced with pbabe or IκBα-superrepressor. was used as a loading control. A representative image is shown of 3 independent experiments. (b) Senescence induction with hydrogen peroxide (.1 mm for 2 h) in control fibroblasts transduced with pbabe or IκBα-SR. Percentages of SA-β-gal (P =.1) and anti-brdu positive cells (P =.2) are depicted and representative pictures from SA-β-gal staining are shown. n = 1 cells assessed in 3 independent fields (also hereafter in similar experiments). Bar, μm. (c) p16 western-blot analyses in hydrogen peroxide-treated control fibroblasts. was used as a loading control. (d) NGPS fibroblasts transduced with TP53 shrna and IκBα-SR were reprogrammed into ipscs. Plot represents the number of Tra-1-6 positive colonies. n = 3 independent experiments for each condition and mean values are represented. NGPS versus shp53, P =.5; shp53 versus SR, P =.4. (e) Specific down-regulation of TP53 in NGPS fibroblasts did not affect activation. EMSA in control fibroblasts transduced with BANF1 shrna in the presence or absence of TP53 shrna. Oct-1 probe was used as an endogenous control. Error bars indicate SEM (P<.1, two-tailed Student s t test). Unprocessed original scans of blots are shown in Supplementary Fig Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
7 a CTR.Fibs CTR.MSCs NGPS.Fibs NGPS.MSCs b GRO CXCR4 TNF-α IL-6 IL-11 sfrp-1 IL12Rb FGF11 GFRA2 CD4 SOST -3 3 Protein levels (log2) CTR NGPS -1 1 Protein levels (log2) NDF GRO Fibronectin TIMP-2 MIP-3a GCSF IL-1a IGFBP-6 FGFb IFN-γ MMP-14 IGFBP-7 Angiogenin TNF-β IL- Cathepsin B IGFBP-2 IL-13 SCF IL-6 TNFRII NGFR MIF CXCL11 MCP-2 PAI-1 IL-8 GM-CSF upar TNF-alpha TIMP-1 Soria-Valles et al. Supplementary Fig. 7 Supplementary Figure 7 NGPS senescence-associated secretory phenotype. (a) Heat map represents unsupervised hierarchical clustering of top-altered secreted protein levels in NGPS and control fibroblasts and MSCs (n=2). Data are displayed as Log2-transformed expression signals. (b) Heat map represents alterations in proteins annotated as members of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Data are displayed as Log2-transformed expression signals. 7 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
8 a Oct-1 -ATMi +ATMi b P-ATM plko.1 shbanf M r (K) plko.1 shbanf1 -ATMi +ATMi Oct-1 c Oct-1 pbabe BANF1 f d Oct-1 NGPS NGPS edited Fibs. CTR vs ipscs CTR P-ATM pbabe BANF1 M r (K) e Zmpste24 +/+ -/- -/- RelA +/+ +/+ +/- RelA g h i Zmpste24 -/- -/- +/+ j DOT1Li Mean mucosa thickness (μm) 1 Zmpste24 +/+ -/- -/- DOT1Li Zmpste24 +/+ -/- -/- DOT1Li Average villus length (μm) 4 Zmpste24 -/- -/- +/+ DOT1Li Zmpste24 +/+ -/- -/- DOT1Li k MSC CFUs 3 -DOT1Li M r (K) DOT1Li Supplementary Figure 8 Upstream regulation and effectors of reprogramming barrier. (a) ATM blockade prevented activation in NGPS fibroblasts. EMSA in NGPS fibroblasts in the presence or absence of ATM inhibitor. Oct-1 probe was used as an endogenous control. (b) Phospho-ATM western-blot analysis in control fibroblasts transduced either with BANF1 shrna or the empty vector. Right panel, EMSA in control fibroblasts transduced with shbanf1 in the presence or absence of ATMi. (c)(d) The expression of wild-type BANF1 prevented ATM and activation in NGPS cells. (e) Western-blot analysis of RelA in murine fibroblasts from the indicated genotypes. was used as a loading control. Mean relative mrna levels are represented. (f) Enrichment score plot shown was obtained from GSEA analysis of control fibroblasts and ipsc transcriptional profiles (P<.5). (g) Mice were treated with two different DOT1L inhibitors (epz-4777 and epz-5676) and, as both inhibitors achieved a similar biological effect, experimental data were pooled. Ki-67 immunohistochemistry of skin from 3-month-old wild-type, untreated and DOT1Li-treated Zmpste24-deficient mice. Bar, 3 μm. (h) Representative photographs of spleen and thymus from 3-month-old wild-type, untreated and DOT1Li-treated Zmpste24-deficient mice. (i)(j) Prevention of inflammation-associated alterations in intestinal mucosa. Representative hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining micrographs are shown from wild-type, untreated and DOT1Li-treated Zmpste24-deficient mice. Mean mucosa thickness (P =.6) and villus (P =.5) length were quantified and represented. Bar, 1 μm. n = 4 independent animals for each condition. (k) Colony forming assay in BM-MSCs from untreated and DOT1Li-treated Zmpste24 -/- mice. P =.5. n = 3-untreated and 4-DOT1Li treated (epz- 4777, 2 mice and epz-5676, 2 mice) Zmpste24-deficient mice. Error bars indicate SEM. P<.1, two-tailed Student s t test). Representative images are shown in western-blot analyses from 3 independent experiments. Unprocessed original scans of blots are shown in Supplementary Fig Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
9 Fig. 2a p16 KDa Lmnb1 75KDa 5KDa 5KDa Fig. 3c Fig. 4i P-IKK2 1KDa 75KDa 5KDa KDa KDa H3K79me2 Fig. 5f Fig. 6b 25 KDa P-ATM P-IKK2 1KDa 75KDa P-ATM 25 KDa IKBA 5KDa Fig. 6b Fig. 7a 5KDa P-IKK2 1KDa 75KDa 25 KDa P-ATM Supplementary Figure 9 Unprocessed images of western-blot, EMSA and PCR analyses. 9 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
10 Fig. 7a Fig. 8b IKBA 5KDa KDa KDa H3K79me2 5KDa Supplementary Fig. 1e 5KDa BAF KDa 1KDa 5KDa BAF KDa 1KDa Supplementary Figure 9 continued 1 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
11 Supplementary Fig. 6a P-P53 5KDa P53 5KDa P21 25KDa KDa P16 KDa Supplementary Fig. 6c Supplementary Fig. 8b,d KDa P16 5KDa 25 KDa P-ATM Supplementary Fig. 8e RelA 25KDa KDa 5KDa Supplementary Figure 9 continued 11 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
12 Figs. 3c, 6b, 7a Fig. 7a Supplementary Figs. 6e, 8 Supplementary Fig. 8c,d Oct-1 Oct-1 Fig. 4g BS1 YY1 BS2 BS2 IκBα YY1 BS1 Supplementary Figure 9 continued 12 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
13 Supplementary Fig. 2b OCT4 NANOG GDF3 htert b -actin SOX2 Supplementary Fig. 1e Supplementary Fig. 4c OCT4 SOX2 NANOG GDF3 htert Supplementary Figure 9 continued 13 Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
14 Supplementary Table Legends Supplementary Table 1 DNA methylation values and annotation of differentially methylated CpGs in fibroblasts from cases N-I and N-II as compared to the control sample. Supplementary Table 2 Top-altered proteins in supernatants from NGPS and control fibroblasts and MSCs Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved
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