An Objective Comparison of Rigid Polystyrene Insulations - EPS and XPS. Provider K 031 Course EPS 104, 1 LU HSW/SD

Transcription

1 An Objective Cmparisn f Rigid Plystyrene Insulatins - EPS and XPS Prvider K 031 Curse EPS 104, 1 LU HSW/SD

2 AIA Cntinuing Educatin Carlisle Cnstructin Materials, Insulfam, is a Registered Prvider with the American Institute f Architects Cntinuing Educatin Systems. Credit earned n cmpletin f this prgram will be reprted t CES Recrds fr AIA members. Certificates f Cmpletin fr nn-aia members are available n request. This prgram is registered with the AIA/CES fr cntinuing prfessinal educatin. As such, it des nt include cntent that may be deemed r cnstrued t be an apprval r endrsement by the AIA f any material f cnstructin r any methd r manner f handling, using, distributing r dealing in any material r prduct. Questins related t specific materials, methds and services will be addressed at the cnclusin f this presentatin.

3 Cpyright Materials This presentatin is prtected by USA and Internatinal cpyright laws. Reprductin, distributin, display and use f the presentatin withut written permissin f the publisher is prhibited. Cpyright 2012 Carlisle Cnstructin Materials.

4 Learning Objectives Define and understand the similarities and differences between hw Expanded Plystyrene (EPS) and Extruded Plystyrene (XPS) are manufactured Learn abut the envirnmental features and benefits f plystyrene insulatin including recyclability, LEED, thermal perfrmance, energy efficiency, reducing glbal warming and mld resistance Understanding ASTM C578: Standard Specificatin fr Rigid, Cellular Plystyrene Thermal Insulatin Review physical prperty data f bth EPS and XPS: Cmpressive Strength, Lng Term Misture Retentin and Sustainable R-Value

5 What is Expanded Plystyrene (EPS)? Expanded plystyrene (EPS) is a durable, rigid fam plastic material that is specified as an effective insulatr. It is manufactured in large blck frm in a variety f strengths and cut t rder based n the prject specificatins. EPS als pssesses a tremendus strength t weight rati and the cellular structure is well suited t resist cmpressin under the mst demanding dead/live lad applicatins. The same fundamental chemistry has been used t manufacturer EPS since the 1950 s There have been great advancements in manufacturing equipment and quality cntrl in the last 20 years that make EPS much mre predictable and attractive rigid insulatin.

6 EPSMA EPS Alliance Expanded Plystyrene Mlders Assciatin Insulfam Cellfam Atlas Plasti-Fab Carpenter ACH Numerus lcal and reginal cmpanies

7 What is Extruded Plystyrene (XPS)? aka Styrfam* Extruded plystyrene (XPS) fam insulatin is durable, rigid fam plastic insulatin that is manufactured in sheet frm in a variety f strengths thrugh an extrusin prcess and is typically available up t 3 thick in ½ increments XPS als pssesses a tremendus strength t weight rati and the cellular structure is well suited t resist cmpressin under the mst demanding dead/live lad applicatins. Its excellent resistance t misture, imperviusness t rt, mildew and crrsin, cntrlled cmpressive strength and ability t maintain insulating pwer make it a heavily specified prduct fr the cnstructin industry. XPS is typically supplied as blue, pink, green r yellw clred bards in 2 x 8 r 4 x 8 panels *Styrfam is a registered trademark f Dw Chemical

8 XPSA Extruded Plystyrene Manufacturers Assciatin

9 Key Raw Material Bth XPS & EPS are manufactured frm a plystyrene resin Mdified and unmdified Varying pentane cntents Varying Sizes Different blwing agents

10 EPS Manufacturing Pre-Expansin Blck Mlding Cutting Laminating Finished Gds

11 XPS Manufacturing

12 Manufacturing Cmparisn EPS XPS Blck-mlded int large billets and then cut t jb-specific sizes Cntinuusly extruded thrugh a die by thickness and then cut t length Virtually n limitatins n prduct size Limited thicknesses and panel sizes Standard ffering in 7 different cmpressive strengths 75+ different manufacturers Standard ffering in 3 different cmpressive strengths 4 different manufacturers

13 Sustainability and Envirnmental Benefits Envirnmentally friendly; Cnserves energy Cntains n zne depleting blwing agents; cntains frmaldehyde 100% recyclable frm jbsites May cntain recycled cntent Reduces glbal warming Cntributes twards LEED Certificatin credits

14 Recyclability EPS and XPS can be remved ff jbsites and may be used in future manufacturing as lng as it is nt cntaminated Can be intrduced int the manufacturing f new prduct r returned t a styrene resin

15 Plystyrene Insulatins Reduce Glbal Warming Insulatin can return up t 200 times the amunt f energy required t prduce it, and reduce emissins by up t 100 times the vlume prduced during the manufacturing prcess

16 Plystyrene Insulatins Reduce Glbal Warming The use f fam insulatin n a building significantly increases the R-Value f walls t save energy Lwer residential energy use translates int fewer emissins and reduced GWP

17 USGBC and LEED Materials and Resurces (MR Credits) MR Credit 2.1 and Cnstructin Waste Management: Divert 20% r 75% frm Dispsal, 2 pints pssible MR Credit 3.1 & Materials Reuse: 5% r 10%, 2 pints pssible MR Credit 4.1 & Recycled Cntent: 10% r 20%, 2 pints pssible MR Credit 5.1 & Reginal Materials, 2 pints pssible Sustainable Sites (SS Credits) SS Credit 7.2 Heat Island Effect Rf, 1 pint pssible Energy and Atmsphere (EA Credits) EA Credit 1 - Optimize Energy Perfrmance, 10 pints pssible EA Credit 5 Measurement & Verificatin, 1 pint pssible

18 EPS Prducts Prduct Features: Standard psi cmpressive strength at 10% strain Lng-term R-value f 3.85 t 4.6 per inch Any thickness frm 3/8 t 48 Available in panels, blcks & custm shapes Tapered Panels available 0-40, any slpe T&G, bevel r straight-cut edges Specialty & Architectural shapes Prduct Benefits: 100% recyclable Jb specific sizes and perfrmance requirements Minimal waste and material handling Misture resistant Mst R-value per dllar N thermal drift

19 EPS Prducts: Skinned & Cmpsites Factry-laminated Facers: Plymeric facers printed, white and silver Reflective films lw emissivity Fiber glass reinfrced facers Cmpsites: Wd fiber & perlite OSB & Plywd Gypsum & DensDeck High-Density and Standard Is Benefits: Imprved handling & durability Fanfld capabilities Eliminate cmpatibility cncerns Imprved misture absrptin Enhanced perfrmance and cde apprvals DensDeck is a registered trademark f Gergia Pacific

20 EPS Physical Prperties

21 EPS Cnstructin Applicatins Belw Grade Insulatin Belw/Between Slab Insulatin Radiant Heat Flrs Rf & Wall Insulatin Plaza Deck Blck-uts & Cncrete Frming EIFs & Cavity Wall Landscape and Structural Vid Fill Siding Underlayment Pre-cast Wall Panels

22 XPS Prducts Prduct Features: Standard 25, 40 & 60 psi cmpressive strength at 10% strain 100 psi available as a special rder R-value f 5 per inch Thicknesses frm ½ t 3 in ½ increments Standard panels f 2 x 8 r 4 x 8 ; ther special rder sizes available T&G r straight-cut edges Prduct Benefits: Typically cntains recycled cntent 100% recyclable Several standard cmpressive strengths Misture resistant Durable & Lightweight

23 XPS Physical Prperties

24 XPS Cnstructin Applicatins Belw Grade Insulatin Belw/Between Slab Insulatin Radiant Heat Flrs Rf & Wall Insulatin Plaza Deck Blck-uts & Cncrete Frming EIFs & Cavity Wall Landscape and Structural Vid Fill Siding Underlayment Pre-cast Wall Panels

25 Prduct Cmparisns EPS Wide variety f cmpressive strengths available 1/8 48 thickness available Bards can be custm fabricated t any length Made t rder; shrt lead times; jb-lt quantities Tapered XPS 3 standard cmpressive strengths available Limited thickness available 3 max Limited t standard lengths 8 and 9 Standard sizes; special rders require lengthy lead times; full pallets nly; larger minimum rders N tapered

26 EPS and XPS Cdes and Cmpliances FM UL ASTM ICC-ES IBC Miami Dade State f Flrida, FBC Varius State Apprvals

27 ASTM C578 The industry s cnsensus standard fr Expanded and Extruded plystyrene Establishes the minimum physical prperties requirements

28 NOTE 1 The values fr prperties listed in this table may be affected by the presence f a surface skin which is a result f the manufacturing prcess. The values fr Type XIII prperties listed in this table must be generated n material with the surface skin remved. Where prducts are tested with skins-in-place, this cnditin shall be nted in the test reprt. ASTM C 578 NOTE 2 Type III has been deleted because it is n lnger available. NOTE 3 In additin t the thermal resistance values in Table 1, values at mean temperatures f F ( C), F (4 6 1 C), and F ( C) are prvided in X1.8 fr infrmatin purpses. NOTE 4 Fr Type XIII, in additin t the Thermal resistance prperty requirements shwn in Table 1, there are Apparent Thermal Cnductivity prperty values shwn fr infrmatinal purpses in Table X1.2 f Appendix X1. NOTE 5 Values quted are maximum vales fr 1.00 in. (25.4 mm) thick samples with natural skins intact. Lwer values will result fr thicker materials. Where water vapr permeance is a design issue, cnsult manufacturer. NOTE 6 Types XI, I, VIII, II, IX, XIV and XV are typically EPS insulatin. Types XII, X, XIII, IV, VI, VII and V are typically XPS insulatin. Classificatin Type XI Type I Type VIII Type II Type IX Type XIV Type XV Type XII Type X Type XIII Type IV Type VI Type VII Type V Cmpressive resistance at yield r 10 % defrmatin, whichever ccurs first (with skins intact), min, psi (kpa) Thermal resistance f 1.00-in. (25.4-mm) thickness, min, F ft 2 h/btu (K m 2 /W) 5.0 (35) 3.1 (0.55) Mean temperature: F ( C) Flexural strength, min, psi (kpa) 10.0 (70) Water vapr permeance f 1.00-in. (25.4-mm) thickness (See Nte 5.), max, perm (ng/pa s m 2 ) 5.0 (287) 10.0 (69) 3.6 (0.63) 25.0 (173) 5.0 (287) 13.0 (90) 3.8 (0.67) 30.0 (208) 3.5 (201) 15.0 (104) 4.0 (0.70) 35.0 (240) 3.5 (201) 25.0 (173) 4.2 (0.74) 50.0 (345) 2.5 (143) Water absrptin by ttal immersin, max, vlume % Dimensinal stability (change in dimensins), max,% Oxygen index, min, vlume % Density, min, lb/ft 3 (kg/m 3 ) 0.70 (12) 0.90 (15) 1.15 (18) 1.35 (22) 1.80 (29) 2.40 (38) 2.85 (46) 1.20 (19) 1.30 (21) 1.60 (26) 1.55 (25) 1.80 (29) 2.20 (35) 3.00 (48) EPS ptins (276) 4.2 (0.74) 60.0 (414) 2.5 (143) 60.0 (414) 4.3 (0.76) 75.0 (517) 2.5 (143) 15.0 (104) 4.6 (0.81) 40.0 (276) 1.5 (86) 15.0 (104) 5.0 (0.88) 40.0 (276) 1.5 (86) 20.0 (138) 3.9 (0.68) 45.0 (310) 1.5 (86) 25.0 (173) 5.0 (0.88) 50.0 (345) 1.5 (86) 40.0 (276) 5.0 (0.88) 60.0 (414) 1.1 (63) 60.0 (414) 5.0 (0.88) 75.0 (517) 1.1 (63) XPS ptins (690) 5.0 (0.88) (690) 1.1 (63)

29 Cmpressive Strengths EPS XPS 7 standard types available 3 standard types available 5 psi 60 psi 15 psi 100 psi 5 psi fr packaging r cmpressible inclusins 15 and 100 psi prducts are special rder nly Any thickness r sheet size available in all strengths Typical recmmendatin f 15 psi fr residential & wall applicatins nly Recmmend right density based n actual prject lading cnditins psi fr cmmercial applicatins

30 Plaza Parking Deck

31 ASTM D6817 Specificatin fr Rigid Cellular Plystyrene Gefam Imprves Design Predictability 1st published in 2002 Establishes additinal physical prperties t aid Engineers in designing prjects where Plystyrene will act as a structural vid fill material & will bear the weight f cncrete slabs, sil verburden, pavement and heavy truck traffic 1% defrmatin values published fr EPS and XPS Cnsidered as the cnservative Elastic Limit Stress (σ) Material will NOT exhibit pst cnstructin creep r plastic defrmatin as lng the cmbined dead/live lads d nt exceed the 1% strain values identified in ASTM D6817

32 The Strength That Really Cunts Design within the Elastic Range Type I EPS can bear a minimum f 518 1% strain (σ) 10 10% strain Cncrete weighs 150 pcf Divide elastic limit stress (1% strain value) f fam type by weight f verburden material 518 psf / 150 pcf = 3.45 feet 3.45 feet (41 ) f cncrete 1% strain f 6 = 0.06 Less than 1/16 cmpressin 6 f Type I EPS

33 XPS Manufacturers Say: 25 psi Minimum Under Slab Type IV XPS can bear a minimum f 1,569 1% strain 25 10% strain Type IX EPS can als bear a minimum f 1,569 1% strain 25 10% strain 1569 psf / 150 pcf = feet feet (125 ) f cncrete 1% strain f 6 =0.06 Less than 1/16 cmpressin 6 f Type IV XPS r Type IX EPS

34 The Right Chice fr yur Prject? Cncrete weighs 150 pcf 6 slab weighs 75 psf Sil weighs 120 pcf 2 f sil weighs 240 psf Mst cncrete parking garages and structural rf decks are designed t withstand psf ttal dead/live lads Pedestrian ft traffic lads are typically psf Heavy semi-truck traffic lads are typically psf

35 Actual Prject: Cst f Over Specifying 100 psi XPS specified as tiered vid filler sandwiched between a structural deck and 6 thick cncrete slab with pedestrian traffic San Dieg, CA: 10,000 cubic feet EPS XPS 518 psf r 3.6 1% r 10 10% strain 5,846 psf r % r 100 psi at 10% strain Cst per cubic ft : $3.00 Cst per cubic ft: $25 Ttal lads: 175 psf (75: slab + 100: live) Ttal savings t use EPS: $220,000

36 Water Absrptin Test ASTM C hur Full Submersin Test XPS 0.3% EPS 2-4%

37 Lng-Term Misture Retentin

38 Cmpare Misture Retentin After 15 years in service Unlike ther Type I EPS, when expsed t dry cnditins fr fur weeks, the XPS did nt apprach values expected per ASTM 578 Standard Specificatin fr Rigid Plystyrene Thermal Insulatin

39 Water Absrptin Percentage

40 Water Absrptin Percentage

41 Published R-Values EPS per 75 F R Value increases as temperature decreases 40 and 25 F values available Higher per inch Base n lcal climate XPS 5 per 75 F R Value increases as temperature decreases 40 and 25 F values available Higher per inch Base n lcal climate

42 Life Sciences: U f A, Fairbanks, Alaska

43 Thermal Drift Reduces Lng Term R-Value Thermal Drift is defined as lss f insulating pwer ver time as trapped lw cnductivity blwing agent used t manufacture XPS escapes ut f the fam and is replaced with air. R-Value f XPS starts higher and then irreversibly decreases ver time. EPS des nt experience thermal drift because there is n blwing agent trapped in between the cells (just air).

44 Warranted R-Values EPS XPS 100% f published value Typical, 90% f published value 10% decrease in writing R- 5 per inch published Thermal Drift Occurs = R- 4.5 per inch warranted

45 EPS is viable alternative t XPS Stable, lng term R-Value that wn t drift Cmpressive strengths t match with lading requirements f jb Lw lng-term misture retentin with n detrimental structural effect n physical prperties

46 Learning Objectives Define and understand the similarities and differences between hw Expanded Plystyrene (EPS) and Extruded Plystyrene (XPS) are manufactured Learn abut the envirnmental features and benefits f plystyrene insulatin including recyclability, LEED, thermal perfrmance, energy efficiency, reducing glbal warming and mld resistance Understanding ASTM C578: Standard Specificatin fr Rigid, Cellular Plystyrene Thermal Insulatin Review physical prperty data f bth EPS and XPS: Cmpressive Strength, Lng Term Misture Retentin and Sustainable R-Value

47 Thank Yu fr Yur Time! Questins?