LAND-FOREST FIRE MANAGEMENT INDONESIA AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN. Israr Albar Directorate General of Climate Change Ministry of Environment and Forestry

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "LAND-FOREST FIRE MANAGEMENT INDONESIA AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN. Israr Albar Directorate General of Climate Change Ministry of Environment and Forestry"

Wilfred Foster
6 years ago
Views:

1 LAND-FOREST FIRE MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE IN INDONESIA Israr Albar Directorate General of Climate Change Ministry of Environment and Forestry Forum of National Bioethics Committees (NBCs) on Transboundary Haze Pollution Addressing Environmental, Social and Ethical Challenges of the Annual Haze in South East Asia: Bioethics and Sustainability Science in Action Jakarta, 6-7 December 2017

Jan 2001 Jun 2003 19 Oct 2005 31 st Session the General Conference invited the

possibility of elaborating universal norms on bioethics IBC Report Report of the IBC on

2 Jan 2001 Jun Oct st Session the General Conference invited the Director-General to submit the technical and legal studies undertaken regarding the possibility of elaborating universal norms on bioethics IBC Report Report of the IBC on the Possibility of Elaborating a Universal Instrument on Bioethics Adopted Adopted by UNESCO's General Conference

3 Some 195 states joined a UNESCO Declaration of Ethical Principles in relation to Climate Change on 13 November 2017, when meeting in Paris at the 39th session of UNESCO s General Conference

4 CLIMATE CHANGE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOP Climate change is already impacting public health, food and water security, migration, peace and security Investments in sustainable development will help address climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions and building climate resilience. Action on climate change will drive sustainable development. Tackling climate change and fostering sustainable development are two mutually reinforcing sides of the same coin; sustainable development cannot be achieved without climate action. Conversely, many of the SDGs are addressing the core drivers of climate change.

5 Indonesia Commitment Climate change 1 January 2016, the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted by world leaders in September 2015 at an historic UN S it ffi i ll i t f

Structure of Indonesia s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) National

Supports Mitigation Strategic Approach Information to Facilitate Clarity,

strategy Review and adjustment PARIS AGREEMENT : to strengthen the global

development and efforts to eradicate poverty, including by: Below 2 C - 1.

6 Structure of Indonesia s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) National Context Adaptation Planning Process Transparency Framework International Supports Mitigation Strategic Approach Information to Facilitate Clarity, Transparency & Understanding Indonesia low carbon and climate resilience strategy Review and adjustment PARIS AGREEMENT : to strengthen the global response to the threat of climate change, in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty, including by: Below 2 C C Equity and CBDR-RC/Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities.

Compliance NatCom BUR FREL-MRV REDD+ Goal of

5 o C Mitigation Adaptation and avert Lost

Context Nationally Determined Contribution

7 Transpare ncy Framewor k Facilitative Dialogue Global Stock take Facilitation and Compliance NatCom BUR FREL-MRV REDD+ Goal of Paris Agreeme nt 2 o C 1.5 o C Mitigation Adaptation and avert Lost and Damage MOI (Finance, Technology, Capacity Building) Paris Agreement-NDC and its Implementetation in Global and National Context Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) POLICY AND MEASURES : Policy & regulations Institutional setting TMS GHGs Inv MRV NRS

8 NDC Indonesia: Projected BAU and emission reduction from each sector category Target : 29-41% BAU in 2030

9 National GHG emissions were estimated to be 1.8 GtCO2e in This represents an increase of 0.4 GtCO2e compared to Most emissions (63%) are the result of land use change and peat and forest fires, with combustion of fossil fuels contributing approximately 19% of total emissions. Based on Indonesia s First Biennial Update Report (BUR) submitted to UNFCCC in January 2016, national GHG emissions was GtCO2e in 2012 which represent an increase of GtCO2e from year The main contributing sectors were LUCF including peat fires (47.8%) and energy (34.9%).

200,000 180,000 FHS IN INDONESIA (2015-2017) 178,576 160,000 140,000 120,000 FHS 100,000

10 200, ,000 FHS IN INDONESIA ( ) 178, , , ,000 FHS 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 24,081 17, Year Source : NASA MODIS, 2017

11 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Source : NASA MODIS, 2017

BURNED AREA : INDONESIA 13,000 12,000 12,110.

53 Burned Area (ha) 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000

12 BURNED AREA : INDONESIA 13,000 12,000 12, ,000 10,000 9, Burned Area (ha) 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4, ,000 3, ,000 2, ,000 1, Year 12

Thousands 2,500 Peat Capacity building Sciencee Knowledge

13 Burned Area Estimation Source: MODIS Terra 250 m and 500 m Method : difference Normalized Burn Ratio (dnbr) 3,000 Thousands 2,500 Peat Capacity building Sciencee Knowledge Skill 2, ,500 1,000 1,685 Mineral

14 Source : MoEF, 2017 Decreasi ng of hotspot and burned area

15 70, , ,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000 FHS Temp Linear (FHS) Linear (Temp) Source : NASA MODIS & NOAA, 2017

16 Yr DJ F JF M FM A MA M AM J MJJ JJA JAS AS O SO N ON D NDJ Warm (red) and cold (blue) periods based on a threshold of +/- 0.5 o C for the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) [3 month running mean of ERSST.v5 SST anomalies in the Niño 3.4 region (5 o N-5 o S, 120 o -170 o W)] Next El-Nino Period? Source: NOAA Center for Weather and Climate Prediction

17 The variations of the 3-month average sea surface temperature departures from average (the anomaly) in the Niño3.4 region, using the ERSSTv4 data El-Nino La-Nina Source : NOAA, 2017

POLICY AND ACTIVITIES RELATED TO LAND AND FOREST FIRE MoEF Reg No. P. 77/2015 regarding Guidelines on Handling Burnt Area in Production Forest. President Instruction No.

71/2014 on Peatland Ecosystem Management and Protection. MoEF Regulation no. 32/2016 on Forest and Land Fire Control. MoEF Reg No. P. 15/2017 regarding g Guidelines on water surface level measurement in peatland ecosystem em management.

Grand Design on Forest, Plantation and Land Fire 2017-2019 compiled by the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs, Ministry of National Planning and MoEF to improve coordination, synergy and

18 POLICY AND ACTIVITIES RELATED TO LAND AND FOREST FIRE MoEF Reg No. P. 77/2015 regarding Guidelines on Handling Burnt Area in Production Forest. President Instruction No. 11/2015 dated 24 October 2015 regarding on the Improvement of Forest and Land Fire Control Gov Reg No. 57/2016 on Change of Government Regulation No. 71/2014 on Peatland Ecosystem Management and Protection. MoEF Regulation no. 32/2016 on Forest and Land Fire Control. MoEF Reg No. P. 15/2017 regarding g Guidelines on water surface level measurement in peatland ecosystem em management. MoEF Reg No. P. 16/2017 regarding Technical Procedure for Peatland Ecosystem Function Recovery. MoEF Reg No. P. 17/2017 regarding Change of MoEF Regulation No. P.12/2015 on Forest Plantation. Grand Design on Forest, Plantation and Land Fire compiled by the Coordinating Ministry for Economic Affairs, Ministry of National Planning and MoEF to improve coordination, synergy and harmonization between central and regional governments and increase the participation ipation of other sectors. Indonesia has ratified the ASEAN Agreement on Transboundary Hazard Pollution (AATHP) through Law no. 26 of 2014 on the ratification of AATHP on 14 October 2014.

19 June / Nov Sept 2014 AATHP Agreement Land and forest fire Enter into force Ratified

20 MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTRY -SINCE 2015 CCNB AgREDD+ DitGen PPI MoE MoF Setditgen Dit IGHG Dit Adaptation Dit Mitigation Dit Mobilisation Dit LFF 5 Impl. Unit CCLFF

21 Forest and Land Fire Risk Zone Map Fire Danger Rating System Hotspot Monitoring Integrated Patrol

22 Rainfall Forecast on September 2017 February 2018

23 Integrated Prevention Patrol Target: 731 fires prone villages in 6 priority provinces (Riau, Jambi, South Sumatra, West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, and East Kalimantan). Action progress: 110 village command post ( 220 villages).

25 Socialization and Campaign Canal Blocking Aerial Suppression Provincial Task Force

26 Canal Blocking in Peatland Area Province Permit Holder/Company Canal Reservoi Blocking r MoEF UNDP Local government BRG Canal Blocking Canal Reservoi Blocking r Tube Well Canal Reservoi Blocking r Tube Well Canal Blocking Riau Jambi SSum W Kal C Kal E Kal S Kal Numbe r Tube Well

HUMAN RESOURCES SUMATERA South Sumatera 180 Riau 210 Riau Islands 30 Jambi 285 South Sumatera 240 Manggala Agni 1.

27 HUMAN RESOURCES SUMATERA South Sumatera 180 Riau 210 Riau Islands 30 Jambi 285 South Sumatera 240 Manggala Agni personel 37 Forest Fire Station in 12 fire prone provinces Fire Care Community (MPA) pers, 26 province KALIMANTAN West Kalimantan 315 Central Kalimantan South Kalimantan East Kalimantan 90 SULAWESI North Sulawesi 30 Southeast Sulawesi 30 South Sulawesi 120

28 Haze Condition 20 January February March April May June July 2017 January- July: NO HAZE Source : ASMC

29 AIR QUALITY AND VISIBILITY ON 21 AUGUST 2017 No. Indonesia (10 prone Province) Location Air Quality (PM10(μg/m³)) Latest Highest Visiability (Km) Aviation Weather Condition Temp ( ⁰ C) 1. Sumut Medan 0 0 6,0 Cloudy Riau Pekanbaru 55,23 68,30 2,0 Rain with thunder Jambi Jambi Cloudy Sumsel Palembang 13,22 56,44 10 Cloudy Kalbar Pontianak 0 103,87 10 Cloudy Kalteng Palangkaray a Cloudy Kalsel Banjarmasin / Banjarbaru Cloudy Kaltim Samarinda Cloudy Kaltara Tanjung Selor - - 6,0 Cloudy 25 In 10. general, Papua during the Jayapura peak period of hotspot - on 21 August , air 10 quality and visibility Clear, in cloudy Sumatera 27 and Kalimantan reported in a good condition.

30 Satellite Imagery for Haze monitoring produced by BMKG NO HAZE 30

31 READY TO CONDUCT AERIAL OPERATION (National Disaster Management Authority, MoEF, BPPT, M.o.Transportation, Air Force) HELICOPTER AND AEROPLANE Waterbombing and patrol WATER Water Volume BOMBING for Waterbombing NaCl for TMC TMC In 2015: 32 unit In 2016: 16 unit In 2017: 26 unit In 2015: litre In 2016: ,90 litre In 2017: litre In 2015: 261,30 ton In 2016: 128, 46 ton In 2017: 135,2 ton Data until 31 August 2017

Village based data: Vulnerability Fire Prone

32 Village based data: Vulnerability Fire Prone Peatland 731 fires prone villages in 6 priority provinces (Riau, Jambi, South Sumatra, West Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, and East Kalimantan). NEXT: INTEGRATED ACTIVITIES Activities: Climate Village Land and Forest Fire GHG estimation

33 Thank

15 th International Peat Congress in Sarawak, Malaysia Is Peatland Utilization the Main Cause of Land Fire in Indonesia?.

15 th International Peat Congress in Sarawak, Malaysia www.ipc2016.com Is Peatland Utilization the Main Cause of Land Fire in Indonesia?. Moch. Riza Kasfari*), Yudha Asmara Adhi, Basuki Somawinata and