SCIENTIFIC ROLE IN DESIGNING DEEP DECARBONISATION STRATEGIES FOR LAND BASE SECTOR A. RAUF

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1 SCIENTIFIC ROLE IN DESIGNING DEEP DECARBONISATION STRATEGIES FOR LAND BASE SECTOR A. RAUF

2 CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT MITIGATION & ADAPTATION POLICY & TECHNOLOGY SCIENTIFIC ROLE DESIGN RESEARCH STRENGTHENING 1. Gap information (global national-sub national) or Goverment stake holder 2. Many research activities without coordinating 3. Ecosystem variability 4. Resources PERHIMPI APIK

INDONESIA NETWORK OVERVIEW APIK Indonesia Network Climate Change and Forest Research Indonesia Network Mission To Gathering

Task To conduct research, educate, campaign actions relate to Climate Change and Forestry To review publications papers (journal,

To assist and being a hub for giving information about Climate Change and Forestry for all stakeholders in the Global, National and

3 INDONESIA NETWORK OVERVIEW APIK Indonesia Network Climate Change and Forest Research Indonesia Network Mission To Gathering academician and scientist to develop and practice of knowledge and technology in the field of climate change and forestry. Task To conduct research, educate, campaign actions relate to Climate Change and Forestry To review publications papers (journal, report, policy brief, books, etc) dealing with Climate Change & Forestry Research especially in Indonesia. To assist and being a hub for giving information about Climate Change and Forestry for all stakeholders in the Global, National and Sub As well as provide scientific input to the government to strengthen Indonesia's position at the international level and supporting national policy in controlling climate change and forestry

4 others 23 24% Reserach center 10 10% Institution University 63 66% Members 382 persons VARIABILITY OF ECOSYSTEM Lowland to montane Peatland-mineral land Natural Forest - OLU Sumatera National Level (Yogyakarta) Papua Jawa Maluku Kalimantan Sulawesi Bali - Nusa Province Province W.Sulawesi Agrostate S.Sulawesi Lowland SE.Sulawesi Mining F o c u s o n N. Sulawesi Volcano GORONTALO Agrostate C.Sulawesi Mountaine

5 ACTIVITIES WORKSHOP/SEMINAR National-Regional (KS : BPREDD+, DJPPI etc) Conducting & Attending Event International Event National & Regional Policy maker meeting

Research Activities in Indonesia Climate Analysis Change Change of climate Impacts of change forest and its impact land Implications use to control pattern for Belimbing development to adaptation

Biomass climate change and Carbon in the North StockCoast Disaster Risk Lore Management Lindu National through Park, maintaining Central Mangrove Sulawesi) in Coastal of the Maluku island North of

through is A Biomass Basic Mapping Research Smart Of Approach of Tropical Mangrove Rainforest To & The Seagrass Climate Using (Carbon Airborne Change Blue) Lidar, in in Central West Sulawesi.

Biomassa Agricultural di Systems Concessions Dusung Business and Multipurpose Rice In small Tanjung Peropa forest In Southeast Sulawesi. Cooperative Island, Molucca.

controlling resources prevent In the Settings forest Climate fire Change in Global Ethnobotany Climate coastal in Papua Research area in and Southeast Teaching For management Sulawesi.

6 Research Activities in Indonesia Climate Analysis Change Change of climate Impacts of change forest and its impact land Implications use to control pattern for Belimbing development to adaptation Turtle planning Climate Maluku Conservation Island Change based at Sorong, on (Case Landscape Papua Study Farmers living in Forest Buffer Zone Adaptation Small of fishermen Island community on Biomass climate change and Carbon in the North StockCoast Disaster Risk Lore Management Lindu National through Park, maintaining Central Mangrove Sulawesi) in Coastal of the Maluku island North of West Papua In Anticipation of Climate Change Mitigation Cultivation and Peat adaptation Land tuber to crops climate local change Climate variety in Molucca change Banggai Regional effect Cassava through is A Biomass Basic Mapping Research Smart Of Approach of Tropical Mangrove Rainforest To & The Seagrass Climate Using (Carbon Airborne Change Blue) Lidar, in in Central West Sulawesi. Papua Adaptation Calculating Mineral patterns farmers the Land potential against impacts reserves of climate change: Mitigation of carbon and adaptation in Wildlife Estimation Comparison of Areal of Biomassa Agricultural di Systems Concessions Dusung Business and Multipurpose Rice In small Tanjung Peropa forest In Southeast Sulawesi. Cooperative Island, Molucca. District Mangrove Jibogol Unurum Guay Jayapura regency, Papua Analysis Local of Wisdom Potential the role of and Village Mangrove contributions Community Forest of Phytoplankton Hulaliu Natural as a controlling resources prevent In the Settings forest Climate fire Change in Global Ethnobotany Climate coastal in Papua Research area in and Southeast Teaching For management Sulawesi. Implementation and Adaptation to Dynamics Climate of Community Change morphology in the North contribution Maluku Coast Islands Papua for (Case land Study use mitigation Piai Island) (A Case The ants are bio-indicators of Climate Change in Forest Ecosystem (Case Study in remote area, Amotowo Konsel, Southeast Sulawesi) study of Mountain Protection Forest Sirimau Ambon, Maluku) The Socio-Economic Impacts Of Nickel Mining On Community Livelihoods In Vedic District-Central

exchange CO 2 6 CO exchange 2 exchange CO 2 flux (g (C)

1760 g C m -2 year -1 1. Carbon flux R E 2.

Equal Nitrogen 35,5 and ton Methane CO 2-1 flux.

g RESEARCH COLLABOARTION UNTAD-IPB-GAUG-KASSEL UNIV

7 Radiation exchange Heat exchange H 2 O exchange CH4-N exchange Heat exchange CO 2 6 CO exchange 2 exchange CO 2 flux (g (C) m -2 d -1 ) Ecosystem Respiration 1760 g C m -2 year Carbon flux R E 2. Energi Flux 3. Equal Nitrogen 35,5 and ton Methane CO 2-1 flux.year -1 Net turbulent uptake 970 g C m -2 year -1 F b P g RESEARCH COLLABOARTION UNTAD-IPB-GAUG-KASSEL UNIV Stability of Tropical Rainforest Margin (STORMA) Gross photosynthesis 2730 g C m -2 year -1 OCT ' 03 JAN ' 04 APR JUL OCT JAN ' 05 MAR

Lost of Carbon storage in 1 Ha : Forest conversion to Cacao Agroforest as CO2 : 16.78 kg/day ~ 6,12 ton/year www.storma.

8 Lost of Carbon storage in 1 Ha : Forest conversion to Cacao Agroforest as CO2 : kg/day ~ 6,12 ton/year Forest conversion to open area as CO2 : kg/day ~ ton/year A/Reforestasi Increasing of carbon absorption and storage Source: storma

Vertical Energy flux 2005-2006 www.storma.

9 Vertical Energy flux Component Rain Dry Daily number (days) Turbulent Flux (MJ/m 2 /day) in primary Forest Net radiation 10,25 10,80 Latent heat 7,22 70,41 67,45 7,28 % Rn Sensible heat 2,25 21,93 32,17 3,47 cooler~ Forest Turbulent Flux (MJ/m 2 /day) Grassland Net radiation 8,77 9,83 Latent heat 1,92 21,95 36,80 3,62 % Rn Sensible heat 6,92 78,89 63,49 6,24 9

Results and Discussion: N 2 O emissions: cacao (35 μg-n m -2 h -1 ) > maize (9

CH 4 uptakes: maize (-30 μg-c m -2 h -1 ) > cacao (-18 μg-c m -2 h -1 ) ;

10 Results and Discussion: N 2 O emissions: cacao (35 μg-n m -2 h -1 ) > maize (9 μg-n m -2 h -1 ) ; secondary forests (25 μg-n m -2 h -1 ) similar to both. NO emissions: no difference. 12 μg-n m -2 h -1 for cacao and secondary forest ; 18 μg-n m -2 h -1 for maize. CH 4 uptakes: maize (-30 μg-c m -2 h -1 ) > cacao (-18 μg-c m -2 h -1 ) ; secondary forests (-23 μg-c m -2 h -1 ) similar to both. Soil water-filled porespace (%): cacao (61.8%) = secondary forests (60.1%) > maize (46.3%), DRY WET

12 Climate Tower and Carbon Flux In Bariri C. Sulawesi CLIMATE TOWER AND CARBON FLUX OIL PALM PLANTATION JAMBI RESEARCH COLLABORATION ( IPB-UNTAD-UNJA-GAUG)

13 Lost of Carbon Stock EMISSION NEE gc/m2/year Lost of Carbon Storage Source : Storma Carbon Stok ton C/ha CO2 ACUMULATION 13

Total AGB (kg) 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 6000 4000 2000 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 Brown(1997) Chave (2005) Diameter (cm) Vegetation Soil Total (C (C ton/ha) (C

14 Total AGB (kg) Brown(1997) Chave (2005) Diameter (cm) Vegetation Soil Total (C (C ton/ha) (C ton/ha) ton/ha) rataan 137,9 108,1 246,0 Simpangan Baku 63,5 39,1 Galat Baku 11,6 13,0 Uncertainty 22,7 24,1 33,1 Uncertainty% 16,5 22,3 Batas Bawah 115,2 84,0 212,9 Batas Atas 160,6 132,2 279,2 NFI AND FOREST CARBON UNTAD & UNREDD

15 ADVICE AND SUPPORTING

16 Challenges and Opportunities Many research have been conducted individually (mostly from their Institution) and less supported with better equipment/tools and appropriate methodology. Reasonable amount of budget research need to improve for having better results of research. However, huge areas and abundant members of APIK from Sumatra (west) to Papua (east), Sulawesi (north) to Java (south) which is rich with ecosystem diversities and human resources promise to strengthening and supporting International, National & Sub National program reduce carbon emission

17 Therefore, APIK Indonesian network promote and invite all stakeholders to collaborate in all activities which relate to climate change and forestry.

18 Thank you (SE ASIAN PLATE TECTONICS 55-0 Ma, Southeast Asia Research Robert Hall 2001)

SEAFDEC/AQD Institutional Repository (SAIR)

SEAFDEC/AQD Institutional Repository (SAIR) Title The use of mangroves for aquaculture: Indonesia. Author(s) Citation Sunaryanto, Anto Sunaryanto, A. (2004). The use of mangroves for aquaculture: Indonesia.