Key areas to pay attention to for the CBA 2

Transcription

1 Sequencing Key areas to pay attention to for the CBA 2 There are four fundamental documents that are created in America and that lead to our system of government now. In sequential order they are Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639), Declaration of Independence (1776), Articles of Confederation (1777) and Constitution (1789). FDAC By knowing the times of things, you can eliminate them from answer choices, or use your cause and effect skills to determine their impact on other things so always learn those dates along with the terms. Key Terms and Definitions and People Unalienable rights are for each and every individual citizen and cannot be separated. The Magna Carta (1215) and the ENGLISH Bill of Rights impacted our system of American government in that they BOTH guaranteed specific rights to individuals. The concept of mercantilism as it applies to the colonial era is mostly about the expectation that the colonists have to supply the British with both raw materials and markets to sell British products. Mercantilism is a primary cause of the Revolution because of the friction between the American Colonies and the British MOTHER Country. Know the Declaration of Independence is 1776 and it is NOT THE CONSTITUTION, which is 1789!!!!!! See timeline above. The issue first raised in the Declaration of Independence (1776) that is specifically addressed in the Bill of Rights is a system of checks and balances to prevent abuses of Government. Federalism is about the concept of both shared and separated powers between states and the national or federal government. Federalist Papers since the Federalist support combined state and national shared governmental powers, they therefore support the Constitution, thus these essays IMPACTED the call for all states to ratify (pass) the new U.S. Constitution. Mercy Otis Warren and Abigale Adams are both women of the Revolution and press for equality. Patrick Henry Three millions of people, armed in the holy cause of liberty, and in such a country as that which we possess, are invincible by any force which our enemy can send against us. Basically don t fear declaring Independence as we are at our strongest now. James Madison has a link to the Constitution by suggesting and writing and arguing about a system of Checks and Balances.

2 Charles Montesquieu is an important figure of the enlightenment because he gave us the principle of Separation of Powers. Thomas Jefferson s contribution to the Declaration of Independence was that he was the author of the document. Ben Franklin told him to write it. Great Awakening and the Age of Enlightenment Great Awakening was a shared religious experience that is related to our concepts of equality and challenging authority. Charles Montesquieu is an important figure of the enlightenment because he gave us the principle of Separation of Powers. Grievances and Gripes against the British PRE Revolutionary War The concept of mercantilism as it applies to the colonial era is mostly about the expectation that the colonists have to supply the British with both raw materials and markets to sell British products. Mercantilism is a primary cause of the Revolution because of the friction between the American Colonies and the British MOTHER Country. Proclamation line of 1763 set border at Appalachian Mountains after the French and Indian War. In the Paul Revere engraving called The Bloody Massacre, (Boston Massacre) he shows the British soldiers firing directly in to the Colonists. This reflects Revere s Point of View as a Patriot and may not be the actual true depiction of the event. PROPOGANDA Declaration of Independence The Declaration of Independence is essentially like a break up letter. It list the grievances (what was done to us), then it tells Britain (the boyfriend or girlfriend) that all people have certain unalienable rights that cannot be separated from us no matter where we go (tells the world what we will not put up with), and finally claims our independence (single). Patrick Henry Three millions of people, armed in the holy cause of liberty, and in such a country as that which we possess, are invincible by any force which our enemy can send against us. Basically don t fear declaring Independence as we are at our strongest now.

3 Revolutionary War Although we know that the Battle of Saratoga (1777) was the turning point of the war, British General Burgoyne's goal was to split the Colonial Army in two. Instead he was stuck in the forest, we used guerrilla warfare on him and he surrendered, which gave the French the sign they needed to enter the war on our side. At Valley Forge, George Washington had many challenges, but his MAIN, most important goal was to keep that army of 14,000 together and trained well for the spring. Battle of Yorktown (1781) is the battle where British forces were cut off by Americans and French troops by land and by sea. It is also the end of the Revolutionary War BRITISH General Cornwallis surrendered at Yorktown (1781). Treaty of Paris (1783) ends the Revolutionary War and est. the new western border as the Mississippi River. Articles of Confederation Although it had many weaknesses, there were THREE Strengths of the Articles of Confederation. They were that it did pass the Northwest Ordinance, letting in new states, it did negotiate a peace with Great Britain, and it also united the Nation during the war. All new states had to follow all the rules of entry in the Northwest Ordinance in order to be sure every New State would have an equal footing for entering the Union. The last straw that showed the Articles of Confederation was too weak a document to govern a country was that it could not raise an army in a time of crisis. Principles of Government AKA Characteristics of the Constitution Our Principle of Popular Sovereignty is directly reflected in Constitution by the creation of the House of Representatives? Federalism is about the concept of both shared and separated powers between States and the National governments.

4 James Madison has a link to the Constitution by suggesting, writing and arguing about a system of Checks and Balances. Compromise Federalist Papers since the Federalist support combined state and national shared governmental powers, they therefore support the Constitution, thus these essays IMPACTED the call for all states to ratify (pass) the new U.S. Constitution Constitutional Convention The Hottest Debate was over small and large states population and their representation" Solved by the Great Compromise and whether or not to include counting slaves as property for taxation and representation solved by the 3/5 th Compromise. Using this chart, you can imply the state of Virginia benefitted the most from the 3/5 th Compromise. The position of the Southern Slave holding states at the Convention of 1787 was that slaves should be counted for representation but not as property for taxation. The non-slave owning states wanted slaves counted for taxation but not representation. The solution was the 3/5ths Compromise.

5 Constitution ONLY the Legislative Branch or Congress has the power to lay and collect taxes The issue first raised in the Declaration of Independence (1776) that is specifically addressed in the Bill of Rights are suggested limitations on governmental power.. The first amendment gives you freedom of religion, speech, assembly, press and the right to petition. These are all to protect your right to self-expression. Oh HECK, no! Due Process listed in the 5 th Amendment (along with the right to remain silent), and the right to have a lawyer in the 6 th amendment are both intended to ensure FAIR treatment of those accused of crimes. Due Process of law is all about protecting you (a citizen) against nasty, despicable, shady and unfair actions by your government. Quartering is putting someone up in your home. The British demanded colonists put their soldiers in their homes to stay. Since every man home is his castle this just isn t right! A quarter will fit in the ok sign so how many fingers you have left? That s the 3 rd amendment.