Experiences in using biogas as vehicle fuel in Germany

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1 Regional seminar, Tartu, Estonia, 14th of August 2012 ATI erc ggmbh Dipl.-Ing. Petra Seidenberg CNG bus, City of Wismar, Germany Experiences in using biogas as vehicle fuel in Germany

2 Task of ATI erc ggmbh Our tasks in the EU-project Baltic Biogas Bus: Promotion of biogas as vehicle fuel support cities and regions in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern to set up strategies in the introduction of biogas as vehicle fuel Organisation of two seminars in Russia Compiling of reports like: Potential of biogas from food waste production in the Rostock area Integration of an SOFC system into the On-Board Electricity System of the Biogas Bus 2

3 1. Biogas as vehicle fuel in Germany Biofuels in Germany: Share of biofuels in fuel consumption in Germany 2010 was 5,8 %, ,6 % Share of 0,5 % biomethane on bio fuels But biomethane has the highest energy efficiency in comparison biofuels 3

4 Biogas as vehicle fuel in Germany Technical preconditions in Germany 1.Biogas production and biogas upgrading: Processing and upgrading of raw biogas is always necessary for the use as vehicle fuel Cleaning, removal of sulphur and compression of raw biogas = biomethane Sweden, Switzerland, Netherlands and Germany have longest and greatest experiences in upgrading biogas Germany has Europe-wide a leading role in biogas production and upgrading technology and the largest feed-in capacity due to existing gas network End 2011 in Germany ca biogas production plants, 83 biogas upgrading plants* due to the Renewable Energy Act (EEG) 4 * (source: Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e.v., Biomethan, p.5)

5 Biogas production and biomethane production in the Baltic Biogas Bus countries Country Number of biogas plants Number of biogas upgrading plants Germany Sweden Finland 64 2 Norway 29 3 Poland Estonia 7 existing, 6 new biogas plants will be opened during the 2. half of 2012 or in 2013, source: Tartu City 1 biogas upgrading plant planned to open in in Tartu, source: Tartu City Lithuania 11 - Latvia 32 - Source: Baltic Biogas Bus project

6 Biogas as vehicle fuel in Germany Technical preconditions in Germany 2. Distribution of biomethane: via biomethane pipelines and biogas filling stations, stand-allone-system, Sweden via natural gas grid and natural gas filling stations, Germany ( virtual biomethane or green gas grid system ) 2 biogas filling stations in Germany with separate biogas grid 160 CNG filling stations blend CNG with biomethane 8 CNG filling stations with 100 % biomethane injection in CNG grid 900 CNG filling stations in Germany in 2011, CNG vehicles 6

7 Biogas as vehicle fuel in Germany Technical preconditions in Germany 3. gas vehicles: Natural gas vehicles can be used for biomethane as fuel without any modification Natural gas and biomethane can be blended in every proportion 7

8 2. Introduction of biogas in public transport in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Identification of cities and regions which are suitable for biogas bus introduction County of Nordwestmecklenburg 8

9 Introduction of biogas in public transport in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern City of Wismar World Heritage Site UNESCO protected urban structure good argument to use biogas buses Bus company EVB uses Natural gas buses since 1999 only city with CNG-buses in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 9

10 Introduction of biogas in public transport in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern The Island of Rügen Touristic destination big traffic problems in the summer season Bioenergy model region 10

11 Introduction of biogas in public transport in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern The county of Nordwestmecklenburg pioneer in using renewable energies Call-a-bus-system Two biogas plants in the city of Grevesmühlen, used for power and heating Operator of Wismar gas buses from 2011 cause of administration reform 11

12 Introduction of biogas in public transport in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Isle of Rügen: project has come to standstill Since 2009 bioenergy region with support of the Federal German government Within the regional development concept for the Island the introduction of biomethane buses was planned for July 2011 Currently the project has come to standstill the standstill is caused by long decision processes and a lack of engagement and support from the administration, from the RPNV and other stakeholders Additionaly a administrative reform is merching the public tranport of the Isle of Rügen with Vorpommern and the City of Stralsund The introduction of biomethane buses is postponed 12

13 Bus company EVB, City of Wismar bus company EVB belongs to the public utilities Wismar Wismar is the only City in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern that is operating CNG buses 50 % of the bus fleet is running with CNG, 8 buses Introduction of biogas in public transport in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern CNG filling station, City of Wismar CNG bus, City of Wismar 13

14 Introduction of biogas in public transport in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Wismar: 10% biomethane in the natural gas grid since 2011 Since June 2011 injection of 10% biomethane in the natural gas grid in the City of Wismar and all CNG filling stations in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern The biogas plant NAWARO GmbH Güstrow is selling biomethane to CNG filling stations in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern The decision was done by the Natural gas vehicle initiative M-V 14

15 Introduction of biogas in public transport in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern County of Nordwestmecklenburg/ City of Grevesmühlen: Grevesmühlen: small city with inhabitants with rural surrounding call-a-bus-system offers flexible public transport in rural areas 15

16 Introduction of biogas in public transport in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern City of Grevesmühlen: model-project biomethane-bus 2013 BBB project suggested to convert the Call-bus into a biomethane bus Public transport company, public energy provider, City of Grevesmühlen agreed to this proposal By 2013 model-project biomethane call bus will starting The costs are not higher then for the existing diesel-bus By % biomethane injection at the CNG filling station in the City of Grevesmühlen 16

17 Biogas filling station Jameln, Lower Saxony, Germany 3. examples of biomethane use as vehicle fuel in Germany Stand-allone system 2006 opening of the first biogas filling station in Jamel, county of Lüchow- Dannenberg Operation by agricultural trade company Raiffeisen Warengenossenschaft and the association Region aktiv Realisation as pilot project funded by the ministry of agriculture, food and costumer protection 17

18 Biogas filling station Jameln - How the biomethan filling station was realised? funding from ministry of agriculture, food and costumer protection costs for biogas upgrading plant, compressing station, gas pump 0,93 per kg biomethane = 1,5 lt. Petrol The second biogas filling station opened in September 2011 in Dannenberg Examples of biomethane use as vehicle fuel in Germany 18

19 examples of biomethane use as vehicle fuel in Germany Biogas vehicles in action for the vehicle fleet of the German Bundestag, Berlin Use of the Green Gas Grid Introduction in September % of the vehicle fleet for the members of the bundestag are operated with biomethane 37 Mercedes Benz E 200 are operated with 100 % biomethane Biomethane is distributed at the CNG station by erdgas mobil e.v. 19

20 examples of biomethane use as vehicle fuel in Germany Biogas filling stations City of Munich, Bavaria 50 % biomethane at CNG filling stations in Munich % biomethane via injection in the CNG grid August 2011 Only cars, no public buses Biomethane is distributed by the company Verbio Price: 1,079 per kilo biomethane 20

21 examples of biomethane use as vehicle fuel in Germany Biogas filling stations City of Gernsthofen, Swabia Biomethane filling station opened in April 2011, system of feeding into gas grid Only biomethane from waste materials from local raw materials and biogenic residues Energy service provider is erdgas Schwaben GmbH a pioneer in sale and use of biomethane 21

22 examples of biomethane use as vehicle fuel in Germany Biogas bus fleet City of Dessau, Saxony-Anhalt Green gas principle 100 % biomethane via injection in the CNG grid since September public buses biomethane driven Biomethane is distributed by the company Verbio Price: 1,029 per kilo biomethane = 0,68 lt petrol or = 0,79 lt diesel 22

23 conclusions The technical preconditions and the legal framework for the use of biomethane as vehicle fuel and feeding in the gas grid in Germany are existing biomethane as vehicle fuel is still a niche on the German fuel market, but the share is increasing Biogas is mainly used for heat and power In Germany the CNG infrastructure (filling-stations, gas grid) is developed extensive and can be used for biomethane distribution For the implementation of biomethane as vehicle fuel the existing gas infrastructure should be used and developed further To start with biomethane as fuel often pilot projects were initiated pioneers were private agriculture companies, local energy provider/ CNG acossociations or transport companies 23

24 recommendations Our recommendations for strategies: 1. Identify open minded persons/ stakeholders/ pioneers who have visions from a better world 2. Find financial ressources/ funding programms hence to mostly higher prices for renewables 3. Go to the top of the political decision level cause they will convince all other levels below 4. us waste for biogas production cause its cheeper and its more sustainable 24

25 contact: ATI - education, research and furtherance of cooperation ggmbh Alter Holzhafen 19 D Wismar groth@ati-mv.de petra.seidenberg@ati-erc.de 25