5. Local winds result from pressure differences between high and low pressure systems. They can be very intense.
|
|
- Trevor Doyle
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Unit 5: Air Pollution Objectives: 1. Recognize that pollution affects the air, land, freshwater and the oceans. 2. Discuss the composition of the Earth's atmosphere and the distribution of its gasses. 3. Describe how global wind patterns are created and how this affects the air pollution. 4. List the major sources and effects of the five primary air pollutants. 5. Describe how photochemical smog is formed and how it affects humans. 6. Recognize where and how thermal inversions form. 7. List types and sources of indoor air pollution. 8. Describe "sick building syndrome". 9. Discuss methods of reducing automobile pollution. 10. Explain how acid rain forms. 11. Discuss the effects of acid rain on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. 12. Recognize the provisions of the Clean Air Act (1977) and its revision (1990). 13. Describe how human activities may be leading to a green house effect of our atmosphere. 14. Briefly discuss consequences of a warmer planet. 15. Discuss the causes and concerns associated with ozone depletion. 16. Discuss ways to reduce air pollution. 17. Describe various forms of visual or aesthetic pollution. 18. Discuss the various sources and effects of noise pollution. Notes: Air Pollution 1. The atmosphere contains 78% Nitrogen, 20% oxygen, and a 1% mixture of Argon, Carbon Dioxide, Water vapor, and some other trace gasses. Combined theses gasses make up our air. 2. The atmosphere is held in place by Earth's gravity. 3. Air is dynamic and constantly moving and mixing. 4. Wind is caused by the unequal heating of the Earth's surface. Hot air rises and is replaced by cooler air at the surface (wind). 5. Local winds result from pressure differences between high and low pressure systems. They can be very intense.
2 6. Large scale movement of air is called Global winds. Global winds such as the trade winds helped early sailing ships move goods between the Europe and the Americas. 7. Global winds move pollution around the globe. 8. Wind that carries dust, pollen, odors, and particulates from burning forests and volcanoes, is not considered pollution. 9. Air pollution results from man-made activities such as automobile exhaust, chemical fumes, and factory smoke. 10. Air pollution is usually made of heavy particulates that stay near the earth's surface. 11. Industrialized urban areas create great amounts of air pollution that drifts downwind and affects other areas. 12. Primary air pollutants are those that are unchanged when they leave their source. Five primary air pollutants include: 1. Carbon Monoxide (CO) 2. Sulfur oxides - sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and sulfur trioxide (SO 3 ) 3. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) - contain carbon and hydrogen 4. Particulates - small particles of various toxic compounds 5. Nitrogen oxides - nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) 13. Carbon monoxide is a deadly odorless gas released from the incomplete burning of gasoline, coal or wood. The largest source of CO is the automobile. (# 2 is tobacco!) Concentrations of as little as can kill after exposure for several hours (e.g. sleeping) 14. Sulfur dioxides form when coal or oil are burned. They are a known lung irritant. Sulfur dioxides can also lead to acid rain. 15. Smog is a combination of smoke and fog. In 1952 thick smog killed over 4000 people in London. 16. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are derived from many man-made chemicals such as benzene, formaldehyde, chloroflorocarbons and various hydrocarbons that are remnants of incomplete burning of gasoline or diesel. 17. Particulates are small pieces of solid material dispersed in the atmosphere. These include smoke particles, asbestos, insulation, lead, arsenic, PCBs, dioxin, pesticides, dust and ash from industrial processes. 18. Particulates can damage lungs, or lead to lung cancer from heavy exposure (factory workers, miners, etc.) 19. Nitrogen oxides are mainly caused by automobile exhaust. They react with other chemicals in the air creating Secondary air pollutants. 20. Most secondary air pollutants require ultraviolet light to form. These new forms of air pollution are called Photochemical Smog.
3 21. The two worse photochemical smog compounds are Ozone (O 3 ) and Peroxyacetylnitrates. Both of theses compounds are highly reactive and damage lung tissue and irritate the eyes. 22. Thermal inversions can trap photochemical smog leading to hazardous conditions for people with respiratory problems. 23. Los Angeles, Salt Lake City, Phoenix and Denver all have problems with thermal inversions because they are surrounded by mountains that trap warm polluted air. 24. Indoor air pollution from synthetic compounds in furniture, glues, paint, carpets and other man-made objects is often more hazardous then outdoor air pollution. (see figure 21-4). It can lead to a condition known as "Sick Building Syndrome". 25. The EPA estimates that approximately 6000 people die from cancer each year resulting from indoor air pollution. 26. The single largest contributing factor to air pollution is the automobile. 27. The best and most effective way to limit automobile pollution is to reduce the amount of driving and to change driving habits. 28. The US Gov't and other countries have set regulations to control emissions from cars forcing the automobile industry to reduce emissions. 29. Innovations that have helped to reduce automobile pollution include: Unleaded gas Catalytic converters Positive crankcase ventilation valve (PVC) Gas caps with ventilation control valves Fuel injectors and electronic ignition 30. Catalytic converters reduce the amount of three substances: Carbon monoxide (CO) - a poisonous gas that is colorless and odorless Hydrocarbons or volatile organic compounds (VOCs) - produced mostly from unburned fuel that evaporates Sunlight breaks these down to form oxidants, which react with oxides of nitrogen to cause ground level ozone (O3), a major component of smog. Nitrogen oxides (NO and NO2, together called NOx) - contributes to smog and acid rain, and also causes irritation to human mucus membranes 31. Other sources of air pollution include industry and wood burning stoves. 32. Acid deposition (acid rain) is an unfortunate result of air pollution. 33. Acid rain results when electric power plants and industry burn coal or oil and emit large amounts of sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) and nitrogen oxides (NO x ).
4 34. Acid deposition may be either dry or wet. Dry deposition will form an acid solution when it comes into contact with water. 35. Acid rain has its most harmful effects after the ph falls below 5.5 These include: Damaging limestone buildings and statues. Killing fish and aquatic organisms (trout especially) Turns inorganic mercury into the more toxic methylmercury, which then accumulates in fish and affects top carnivores and humans. Weakens and kills trees, by leaching calcium, potassium and other nutrients from the soil. Kills tree roots and many kinds of fish by releasing ions of aluminum, lead, mercury and cadmium from the soil. Makes trees more susceptible to disease. 36. Emissions of sulfur dioxide are responsible for % of the acid deposition that occurs globally. More than 90 % of the sulfur in the atmosphere is of human origin. The main sources of sulfur include: Coal burning - coal typically contains 2-3 % sulfur so when it is burned sulfur dioxide is liberated. The smelting of metal sulfide ores to obtain the pure metals. Metals such as zinc, nickel, and copper are all commonly obtained in this manner. Volcanic eruptions - although this is not a widespread problem, a volcanic eruption can add a lot of sulfur to the atmosphere in a regional area. Organic decay. 37. After being released into the atmosphere, sulfur dioxide can either be deposited on the Earth's surface in the form of dry deposition or it can undergo the following reactions to produce acids that are incorporated into the products of wet deposition SO2 + H2O»»» H2SO3 (Sulfuric acid) 38. Some 95 % of the elevated levels of nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere are the result of human activities. The remaining 5 % comes from several natural processes. The major sources of nitrogen oxides include: Combustion of oil, coal, gas. Bacterial action in soil. Forest fires. Volcanic action. Lightning. 39. Acids of nitrogen form as a result of the following atmospheric chemical reactions 2NO2 + H2O»»» HNO2 + HNO3 (Nitric acids)
5 Finally, the concentrations of both nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxides are much lower than atmospheric carbon dioxide, which is mainly responsible for making natural rainwater slightly acidic. However, these gases are much more soluble than carbon dioxide and therefore have a much greater effect on the ph of the precipitation. 40. The Clean Air Act of 1990 is an amendment to previous clean air acts that date back to In part, it says: "An Act to amend the Clean Air Act to provide for attainment and maintenance of health protective national ambient air quality standards, and for other purposes." Reduce urban smog by 15 % by 1996 and 3% per year until air-quality standards are met. Utilities must reduce the release of sulfur dioxide by one-half by the year 2000 Utilities must reduce the release of nitrogen dioxides by one-third by the year 2000 Dirty Utilities can buy and sell "pollution credits" from clean utilities. Passenger cars must emit 60% less nitrogen oxide and 40% less hydrocarbons by the year 2003 Auto-emissions must last 100,000 miles Toxic emissions must be reduced by 90% by the year 2000 Production of chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) will be banned by the year 2000 Also, it mandated the installment of the Best Available Technology to reduce the amount of air toxics. 41. Humans have contributed to global warming by: burning oil, coal, and natural gas to heat homes, power cars, and produce electricity deforestation and clearing land for growth and agriculture 42. The most important Greenhouse gasses are: Carbon Dioxide - most abundant. It has increased 15% in 45 years Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) - also depletes ozone Methane (CH 4 ) - from deforestation, cattle and livestock, landfills Nitrogen Oxides (NO x ) - from fertilizers, auto emissions, livestock waste 43. Consequences of global warming include: Worsening health effects (heat stress, increased air pollution allergy disorders, increased insect vector diseases such as malaria, dengue and yellow fever, encephalitis and cholera) Rise in sea level causing substantial losses in coastal land and flooding of coastal cities Disruption of the water cycle which will increase flooding in some areas and droughts in other areas Changes in forested areas and grasslands, increase desertification in other areas. This in turn will greatly affect wildlife. For example, the loss of prairie potholes would adversely affect 50% of North American waterfowl that utilize the potholes for breeding. Challenges to agriculture and the food supply.
6 44. The Ozone layer occurs between km form earth's surface. It protects all living things from harmful ultraviolet light. Exposure to UV rays can damage DNA. 45. A thinning (hole) in the Ozone layer was discovered over Antarctica in Ozone thinning is the result of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFC's) and the cleaning solvents carbon tetrachloride and methyl chloroform. CFC's are/were used in refrigerants, hair spray cans and spray paint cans. 47. Ozone (O 3 ) depletion results from the following process: Cl + O ClO + O Aesthetic pollution involves assaults on the senses such as sight, smell, and hearing. 49. Visual pollution may be billboards or litter or even light pollution of the night sky. 50. Noise pollution is a constant drum of sound from living in a modern mechanized society. It includes noise from cars, planes, machinery, radios, phones, etc. 51. Aesthetic pollution is highly subjective and cannot be gauged by numbers.
Layers of the Atmosphere. Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere
Air Pollution Layers of the Atmosphere Troposphere Stratosphere Mesosphere Thermosphere Troposphere Composition Sea level 17km Composition 78% Nitrogen 20% Oxygen Other 2%... Water vapor Argon gas Carbon
More informationCHAPTER 18: AIR POLLUTION SOUTH ASIA THE ATMOSPHERE APES 2013
CHAPTER 18: AIR POLLUTION APES 2013 1 SOUTH ASIA ASIAN BROWN CLOUD - TWO MILES THICK AND IS ABOUT THE SIZE OF THE CONTINENTAL UNITED STATES COMPOSED OF 1/3 = DUST, SMOKE, AND ASH 2/3 = ACIDIC COMPOUNDS,
More informationSection 4 The Air We Breathe
Section 4 The Air We Breathe Key Concept Air is an important natural resource that is affected by human activities. What You Will Learn Air pollution is caused by human activities, such as burning fossil
More informationChapter 15 Air Pollution and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Chapter 15 Air Pollution and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Friedland and Relyea Environmental Science for AP, second edition 2015 W.H. Freeman and Company/BFW AP is a trademark registered and/or owned
More informationThe atmosphere. The atmosphere is layered. Inversions affect air quality 3/2/2015. The sun influences weather and climate
The atmosphere Chapter 13 Atmosphere Absorbs radiation and moderates climate Transports and recycles water and nutrients Human activity is now changing the amount of some gases CO 2, methane (CH 4 ), ozone
More information4/12. There is so much pollution in the air now that if it weren t for our lungs there d be no place to put it all. Robert Orben
4/12 There is so much pollution in the air now that if it weren t for our lungs there d be no place to put it all. Robert Orben Chapter 15 Air Pollution and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Air Pollution
More informationAir Pollution. Asian Brown Cloud. Developed Countries have reduced emissions recently
Study Questions 1. Compare and contrast primary vs. secondary pollutants, giving examples of each. 2. Compare and contrast indoor vs. outdoor pollution, listing specific examples and sources of each. 3.
More informationThe History of Air Pollution Air pollution is not a new phenomenon.
Name: April 14-18, 2014 Chapter 12, Air Section 1: What Causes Air Pollution? What Causes Air Pollution? is the contamination of the atmosphere by wastes from sources such as industrial burning and automobile
More informationHistory of significant air pollution events
Ch17 Air Pollution A thick layer of smoke and haze covers Santiago, Chile. History of significant air pollution events Many of the worst air pollution episodes occurred in the last two centuries in London
More informationAir Pollution. tutorial by Paul Rich. Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP
Air Pollution tutorial by Paul Rich Outline 1. The Atmosphere layers, some major processes 2. Urban Air Pollution photochemical & industrial smog 3. Regional Air Pollution from Acid Deposition acid deposition,
More information1. The layer that contains most of the mass of the atmosphere is the. A. Stratosphere B. Troposphere C. Mesosphere D. Exosphere
1. The layer that contains most of the mass of the atmosphere is the A. Stratosphere B. Troposphere C. Mesosphere D. Exosphere 2. Which of the following is a secondary pollutant? A. H 2 SO 4 B. O 3 C.
More informationAIR IS DIFFICULT to describe. We
The Significance of Air in Plant Growth AIR IS DIFFICULT to describe. We cannot see it or smell it. We can feel the wind blow, but we cannot feel still air. Cold air can have a bite, and hot air can be
More informationAir Pollution Chapter 21. Atmosphere as a Resource
Air Pollution Chapter 21 Atmosphere as a Resource Atmospheric Composition Nitrogen 78.08% Oxygen 20.95% Argon 0.93% Carbon dioxide 0.04% Ecosystem services Blocks UV radiation Moderates the climate Redistributes
More informationGreenhouse Effect. How we stay warm
Greenhouse Effect How we stay warm The Sun s energy reaches Earth through Radiation (heat traveling through Space) How much solar radiation reaches Earth? The Earth s surface only absorbs 51% of incoming
More informationAir Pollution. Air Pollution 3/11/2015. Our Atmosphere IS a Resource. March 10, 2015 Mr. Alvarez
Air Pollution March 10, 2015 Mr. Alvarez Air Pollution Air Pollution- the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter or microorganisms into the atmosphere at concentrations high enough to harm plants,
More informationDo Now pg 89. List 3 ways you think air pollution affects human health
Do Now pg 89 List 3 ways you think air pollution affects human health Lesson 15.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere Types of Air Pollutants Primary air pollutants: Released directly into the atmosphere; example:
More informationOUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION POLLUTANTS THAT AFFECT HEALTH
OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION POLLUTANTS THAT AFFECT HEALTH What is our air made of? Nitrogen 78% Oxygen 21% Water Vapor 0.01% at poles, 4% at tropics Argon less than 1% CO 2 0.038% Trace of particulates, CH 4
More informationOverview of Chapter 19
19 Air Pollution Overview of Chapter 19 Atmosphere as a Resource Types and Sources of Air Pollution Effects of Air Pollution Controlling Air Pollution in the US Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere Acid
More informationAir Pollution. GEOL 1350: Introduction To Meteorology
Air Pollution GEOL 1350: Introduction To Meteorology 1 Overview Types and Sources of Air Pollutants Factors That Affect Air Pollution Air Pollution and the Urban Environment 2 Air pollutants are airborne
More informationChapter 20 Air Pollution
Chapter 20 Air Pollution Overview of Chapter 20 Atmosphere as a Resource Types and Sources of Air Pollution Effects of Air Pollution Controlling Air Pollution in the US Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere
More informationAir Pollution. Introduction. Natural Air Pollution
Air Pollution Introduction Anything in the atmosphere that decreases quality of life for organisms Can be chemical, particulate, biological Generally restricted to the troposphere Both natural and anthropogenic
More informationC H A P T E R E I G H T E E N
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN 1. The Atmosphere layers, some major processes 2. Urban Air Pollution photochemical & industrial smog 3. Regional Air Pollution from Acid Deposition acid deposition, consequences, solutions
More informationLecture 17. Air Pollution. Lecture 17
Lecture 17 Air Pollution Lecture 17 1. Atmosphere Origin 2. Atmosphere as a Resource 3. Types and Sources of Air Pollution 4. Effects of Air Pollution 5. Controlling Air Pollution 6. Ozone Depletion in
More information3/4/2014. Air Pollution. Chapter 15 Air Pollution and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion. Major Air Pollutants. Primary Pollutants
Air Pollution Air pollution- the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or microorganisms into the atmosphere at concentrations high enough to harm plants, animals, and materials such as buildings,
More informationCriteria Pollutants. Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 ) Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
1) Sulfur dioxide 2) Nitrogen oxides 3) Carbon monoxide 4) Ozone 5) Particulates 6) Lead Criteria Pollutants Sulfur Dioxide (SO 2 ) SO 2 is a colorless gas that is formed from the combustion of sulfur-containing
More informationGE 2211 Environmental Science and Engineering Unit III Air Pollution. M. Subramanian
GE 2211 Environmental Science and Engineering Unit III Air Pollution M. Subramanian Assistant Professor Department of Chemical Engineering Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering Kalavakkam 603
More informationChapter 15 Air Pollution and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Chapter 15 Air Pollution and Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Air Pollution Air pollution- the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or microorganisms into the atmosphere at concentrations high enough
More informationChapter 13. Air Pollution
Chapter 13 Air Pollution Kuala Lumpur Beijing, China, 2008 Perspective Air pollution is not a new problem Pollution sources can be divided into two main classes 1. Created by Humans 2. Natural Pollution
More informationEnvironmental Science 101 Air Resources. Fall Lecture Outline: Terms You Should Know: Learning Objectives: Reading Assignment:
Environmental Science 101 Air Resources Fall 2012 1 Lecture Outline: 10. AIR POLLUTION A. The Atmosphere An Introduction B. Background Information About Air Pollution C. Six Principal Pollutants D. Air
More informationClean Air Act of 1970
Clean Air Act of 1970 Set National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS), to protect public health and welfare Set New Source Performance Standards (NSPS), that strictly regulated emissions of a new source
More informationAir Pollution. Dr. Sireen Alkhaldi, DrPh Community Medicine, First semester 2018/ 2019 Faculty of Medicine/ The University of Jordan
Air Pollution Dr. Sireen Alkhaldi, DrPh Community Medicine, First semester 2018/ 2019 Faculty of Medicine/ The University of Jordan Learning Objectives 1. To understands the significance of air pollution.
More informationEarth s Atmosphere. Air Quality. 7. If no humans lived on Earth, there would be no air pollution.
CHAPTER 4 LESSON 4 Earth s Atmosphere Air Quality Key Concepts How do humans impact air quality? Why do humans monitor air quality standards? What do you think? Read the two statements below and decide
More informationAir Quality & Health. Our Atmosphere. ENVIR 202: Lesson No. 14. Lesson 14: Air Quality February 6, ENVIR 202: Population & Health 1
ENVIR 202: Lesson No. 14 Air Quality & Health February 6, 2006 Chuck Treser University of Washington Program on the Environment ENVIR 202: Lesson 14 1 Our Atmosphere Spaceship Earth Protects Us Loss of
More informationMajor Air Pollutants
Major Air Pollutants 1 Particulate Matter Particulate refers to all substances that are not gases. It can be suspended droplets / solid particles / mixture of two. Size: 100 µm to 0.1 µm and less. Particulates
More informationChapter: Conserving Resources
Table of Contents Chapter: Conserving Resources Section 1: Resources Section 2: Pollution Section 3: The Three Rs of Conservation *Problems related to the use of Fossil Fuels Limited availability Pollution
More informationChapter: Conserving Resources
Table of Contents Chapter: Conserving Resources Section 1: Resources Section 2: Pollution Section 3: The Three Rs of Conservation Chapter 19 Section 1- Natural Resources What are fossil fuels? *Fossil
More informationAir Pollution Types of air pollutants
Air Pollution Types of air pollutants 1.Carbon compounds (e.g., CO2,CO) 2.Sulphur compounds (e.g., SO2, H2S and H2SO4) 3.Nitrogen oxides (e.g., NO, NO2 and HNO3 ) 4.Ozone (e.g., O3) 5.Fluorocarbons 6.Hydrocarbons
More informationENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF CHEMICALS IPC NOTES
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF CHEMICALS IPC NOTES POLLUTION POLLUTION - WHEN HARMFUL SUBSTANCES CONTAMINATE THE ENVIRONMENT POLLUTION REFERS TO THE VERY BAD CONDITION OF ENVIRONMENT IN TERMS OF BOTH QUANTITY
More informationSulfur oxides (SO x ) - particularly sulfur dioxide, a chemical compound with the formula SO 2. SO 2 is produced by volcanoes and in various
AIR CANCER Sulfur oxides (SO x ) - particularly sulfur dioxide, a chemical compound with the formula SO 2. SO 2 is produced by volcanoes and in various industrial processes. Coal and petroleum often
More information2. All of the following are primary air pollutants except a. carbon monoxide. c. sulfur oxides. b. nitric acid. d. VOCs. ANS: B DIF: 1 REF: 1 OBJ: 1
Chapter 12 Air MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. What pollutant forms when automobile emissions react with oxygen gas and ultraviolet rays? a. ozone c. radon b. carbon dioxide d. sulfur dioxide A DIF: 1 REF: 1 OBJ: 1
More informationQuestions 1 4 refer to the diagram of the earth s atmosphere shown above. 3. The section of the atmosphere responsible for our daily weather.
Unit 6 Practice Test Questions 1 4 refer to the diagram of the earth s atmosphere shown above 1. The ozone layer is found at this location. 2. The atmosphere is at its warmest point at this location. 3.
More informationName Class Date. In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best matches the description.
Skills Worksheet Concept Review MATCHING In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best matches the description. 1. ground-level ozone 2. scrubber 3. radon gas 4. nitrogen oxides
More information9th Period Environmental Science Chapter 15: The Atmosphere
Section 15.1: Earth s Atmosphere 9th Period Environmental Science Chapter 15: The Atmosphere Properties of the Atmosphere: nitrogen, oxygen, water vapor and 1% other gases. air pressure is higher at the
More informationair pollution air pollution atmospheric pollution atmosphere unit 9
air pollution unit 9 air pollution health effects WHO estimates that air pollution killed 7 million people in 2012 - more than double previous estimates indoor vs. outdoor (ambient) household pollution
More informationOutdoor Air Pollution. Primary vs. Secondary Air Pollutants
Air Pollution Outdoor Air Pollution Primary vs. Secondary Air Pollutants Primary Pollutant a pollutant that is put directly into the air by human activity. Examples: CO, NOx, PM, SOx, VOCs Sources: Electricity
More informationENVE203 Environmental Engineering Ecology (Dec 31, 2012)
ENVE203 Environmental Engineering Ecology (Dec 31, 2012) Elif Soyer Air Pollution The Atmosphere as a Resource A gaseous envelope surrounding Earth N 2 78.08% O 2 20.95% Ar 0.93% CO 2 0.04% Other gases
More informationHuman Impact. Chapter 5
Human Impact Chapter 5 Loss of Biodiversity Biodiversity - variety of life in an area Tropical regions contain two-thirds of all land species Number of mammals, for example: Canada - 163 U.S. - 367 Mexico
More informationEnvironmental Toxicology
The Science of Chemical Safety Essential Toxicology - 3 Environmental Toxicology John Duffus & Howard Worth IUPAC Educators Resource Material IUPAC 1 Environmental Toxicology Large exposures to chemicals
More informationGlobal Environmental Issues
Global Environmental Issues Purpose of this material The environment encompasses the whole of life on earth and the complex interactions that link the living world with the physical world. In a general
More informationFrumkin, 2e Part Three: Environmental Health on the Regional Scale. Chapter 12: Air Pollution
Frumkin, 2e Part Three: Environmental Health on the Regional Scale Chapter 12: Air Pollution History of Air Pollution Since human beings discovered fire, they began to pollute the air. At first, air pollution
More informationGLOSSARY OF TERMS. Appendix B
Appendix B GLOSSARY OF TERMS A C Acid rain Air pollution produced when acid chemicals are incorporated into rain, snow, fog or mist. The "acid" in acid rain comes from sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides,
More informationMODULE I. Learning Objectives
MODULE I Learning Objectives To make the students aware of history of air pollution; definition of air pollution and various types of sources and classification of air pollutants. Lecture 1 Lecture 2 Lecture
More informationAcid deposition is the general term for acid coming down from the air
6.4 Acid Deposition Acid deposition is the general term for acid coming down from the air 3 types of deposition Dry dry deposition comes down as ash or dry particles Wet wet deposition comes down as rain/snow
More informationENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE A Study of Interrelationships 14 th Edition Chapter 16 Air Quality Issues 2 Outline 16.1 The Atmosphere 16.2 Pollution of the Atmosphere 16.3 Categories of Air Pollutants 16.4 Photochemical
More informationChapter 13. Atmospheric Science, Air Quality, and Pollution Control. Lecture Presentations prepared by Reggie Cobb Nash Community College
Chapter 13 Atmospheric Science, Air Quality, and Pollution Control Lecture Presentations prepared by Reggie Cobb Nash Community College This lecture will help you understand: Earth s atmosphere Weather,
More informationthe Environment the Atmosphere
Chapter Introduction Lesson 1 Lesson 2 Lesson 3 Lesson 4 People and the Environment Impacts on the Land Impacts on Water Chapter Wrap-Up Impacts on the Atmosphere How do human activities impact the environment?
More informationPollution: Los Angeles: Worst Air Quality in USA
Pollution: Contamination of natural environment w/ harmful substances as a consequence of human activities High enough concentration to interfere w/ Health (human & wildlife) Ecosystem processes (Nutrient
More informationAir Pollution occurs when harmful levels of particular gases, fumes and contaminants are released into the atmosphere from human activities.
COPY Mr. Rocco Air Pollution occurs when harmful levels of particular gases, fumes and contaminants are released into the atmosphere from human activities. COPY Natural: forest fires, pollen, dust storm
More informationCLIMATE CHANGE AND ACID RAIN. Mr. Banks 7 th Grade Science
CLIMATE CHANGE AND ACID RAIN Mr. Banks 7 th Grade Science COMPOSITION OF AIR? COMPOSITION OF AIR? 78% Nitrogen 21% Oxygen 0.93% Argon and other noble gases 0.04% carbon dioxide Variable amounts of water
More informationAtmosphere as a Resource
19 Air Pollution Atmosphere as a Resource Atmospheric Composition Nitrogen 78.08% Oxygen 20.95% Argon 0.93% Carbon dioxide 0.04% Ecosystem services Blocks UV radiation (stratosphere) Moderates the climate
More informationAcid deposition accumulation of potential acid-forming particles on a surface acids can result from natural causes
1 Air Quality Issues: Part 2 - Acid Deposition, Greenhouse Gases EVPP 111 Lecture Dr. Largen 2 Air Quality Issues Air Pollution Indoor Air Pollution Acid Deposition Greenhouse Gases & Global Warming 3
More informationName: Class: Date: 6. Most air pollution is produced by a. thermal inversions. c. ozone layer depletion. b. fuel burning. d. volcanic eruptions.
Name: Class: Date: Air Test Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Which of the following is often used to remove poisonous gases from industrial
More informationFunding provided by NOAA Sectoral Applications Research Project ALTERING CLIMATE. Basic Climatology Oklahoma Climatological Survey
Funding provided by NOAA Sectoral Applications Research Project ALTERING CLIMATE Basic Climatology Oklahoma Climatological Survey ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS Acid Rain Acid Rain is the precipitation that carries
More informationWELCOME TO PERIOD 12: CONSEQUENCES OF USING CHEMICAL ENERGY Homework #11 is due today.
WELCOME TO PERIOD 12: CONSEQUENCES OF USING CHEMICAL ENERGY Homework #11 is due today. Midterm 1 grade curve: A 29-33: 17% (of 166 students) B 25-28: 34% C 20-24: 32% D 15-19: 14% E 0-14: 3% Average score
More informationEnvironmental Science- W. Berkeley Kauffman
1. Why is the breast milk of Inuit women living in pristine northern areas higher in PCBs than women living farther south? A) These women consume PCB laden foods imported from the US and elsewhere. B)
More informationChapter 17 Air and Air Pollution
Chapter 17 Air and Air Pollution The Atmosphere Each layer characterized by abrupt changes in temperature, the result of differences in the absorption of incoming solar energy. Troposphere: Weather Breeder
More informationAn Introduction to Air Quality
An Introduction to Air Quality Learning Goals "We came all this way to explore the Moon, and the most important thing is that we discovered the Earth - William Anders After this lesson, you will be able
More informationnatural resources energy resources fossil fuels pollution environment deposition Acid Rain sulfur dioxide carbon dioxide nitrogen oxides
Humans make use of many things found in nature. For example, we use trees to build our homes and cotton to make our clothes. Things that are not made by people, but instead occur naturally, are called
More informationIndoor Air Pollution. Indoor air pollution can be an even greater health threat than outdoor air pollution. Common pollutants often
Indoor Air Pollution Indoor air pollution can be an even greater health threat than outdoor air pollution. Common pollutants often. Smoke 4 Most Hazardous Indoor Pollutants Formaldehyde: Asbestos: Outgassed
More information4 Air Pollution. TAKE A LOOK 2. Describe Fill in the blanks in the table.
CHAPTER 1 4 Air Pollution SECTION The Atmosphere BEFORE YOU READ After you read this section, you should be able to answer these questions: What is air pollution? What causes air pollution? How does air
More informationHuman impact on the environment
1 of 36 Boardworks Ltd 2006 2 of 36 Boardworks Ltd 2006 Human impact on the environment 3 of 36 Boardworks Ltd 2006 How does human activity affect the environment? Population growth 4 of 36 Boardworks
More informationThe Threat of Air Pollution
Chapter 13: Air Pollution The Atmosphere: An Introduction to Meteorology, 12 th Lutgens Tarbuck Lectures by: Heather Gallacher, Cleveland State University The Threat of Air Pollution The Threat of Air
More informationAir Pollution. Dr. Deniz AKGÜL Marmara University Department of Environmental Engineering
Air Pollution Dr. Deniz AKGÜL Marmara University Department of Environmental Engineering Atmospheric Composition: Dry air within several kilometers of ground level consists of 2 major components Nitrogen,
More informationWhat is air pollution?
Air Pollution 1 What is air pollution? Air pollution is a mixture of natural and man-made substances in the air we breathe. It is typically separated into two categories: outdoor air pollution and indoor
More informationAir pollution is caused by high concentrations of gases and particles emitted form combustion sources (vehicles, power plants, industries)
AIR POLLUTION Clean Air Act & Criteria Pollutants 7.1-7.5 Motor Vehicle Emissions: 7.8 Indoor Air and Box Models: 7.12 Air Pollution Meteorology: 7.10 Gaussian Plume Modeling: 7.11 1 Air pollution is caused
More informationSection 6.1 & 6.2 A changing Landscape
Section 6.1 & 6.2 A changing Landscape Human Population and Natural Resource Use With increased human population, we are using more and more of the Earth s natural resources. Two types of Resources are:
More informationBiogeochemical Cycles
Biogeochemical Cycles Biogeochemical Cycles refers to the cycling of materials between living things and the environment. Text Pages 50 51, 62 69 1 The Oxygen Cycle the movement of oxygen between the atmosphere
More informationHow is the atmosphere different from outer space? a mixture of gases that surrounds the Earth
Chapter 15 Atmosphere Section 1 Objectives Describe the composition of Earth's atmosphere. Explain why air pressure changes with altitude. Explain how air temperature changes with atmospheric composition.
More informationPollution of the Atmosphere
Pollution of the Atmosphere LESSON 2 Guiding Question: What are the sources of air pollution? Explain how both natural processes and human activities can cause air pollution. Describe how air pollutants
More informationName Class Date. In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best matches the description.
Skills Worksheet Concept Review MATCHING In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best matches the description. 1. ground-level ozone 2. scrubber 3. radon gas 4. nitrogen oxides
More informationSection 6.2 Notes. Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources
Section 6.2 Notes Renewable and Non-Renewable Resources Classifying Resources Environmental goods and services may be classified as either renewable or nonrenewable Renewable resources are those that natural
More informationPRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION
PRODUCTS OF COMBUSTION Some of the fuel (hydrocarbon) may not completely burn during combustion and therefore is released into the atmosphere along with the products. The products that are formed during
More informationa. in 1976? b. In 1991?
Quiz 1. How many tons of chlorine are produced in the US every year? 2. What % of the total amount of mercury released into the environment each year is from coal burning power plants? 3. How many fish
More informationINDIAN SCHOOL AL WADI AL KABIR DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE HANDOUT -POLLUTION OF AIR AND WATER
INDIAN SCHOOL AL WADI AL KABIR DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE-2018-19 CLASS: VIII HANDOUT -POLLUTION OF AIR AND WATER Air and water are two of the most important natural resources.both are necessary for the survival
More informationScience 30 Unit B Chemistry and the Environment
Science 30 Unit B Chemistry and the Environment Outcome 2: Students will analyze the sources of organic compounds and their effects on the environment. Specific Outcome 2.3: Identify organic compounds
More informationGuiding Questions. What is acid rain, how is it formed, and what are some of its impacts?
2201. The atmosphere is a combination of gasses, primarily composed of nitrogen and oxygen with small amounts of other gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrous oxides and many other trace
More informationActivity 9 Finding Sources of Air Pollution
Activity 9 Finding Sources of Air Pollution This activity calls for students to locate on a map the potential areas of air pollution in their community. It is related to the Prediction and Where s That
More informationLet s Get It Started Air Pollution. Let s Get It Started Air Pollution. Let s Get It Started Air Pollution 10/12/2016
1. In 1988 employees inside Patagonia clothing companies Boston store began complaining of headaches inside the building. What do you think was causing the problem? 2. What are the major sources of airborne
More informationChapter 19: Air Pollution and Noise. Living and Working in a Healthy Environment
Chapter 19: Air Pollution and Noise Living and Working in a Healthy Environment 19.1 Air: The Endangered Global Commons Air is a renewable resource cleansed by natural processes and regenerated by living
More information1/14/15. You must explain why your answer is correct. Please write the page number in your book that supports your explana9on.
1/14/15 You must explain why your answer is correct. Please write the page number in your book that supports your explana9on. Use the index of your book to help you. Homework Pollu0on Chapter 12 sec0on
More informationI. Pollutants A. Harmful substances the enter the environment
I. Pollutants A. Harmful substances the enter the environment II. Two Classifications A. Particulates 1. Tiny substances (liquid or solid) suspended in the atmosphere 2. Examples: Dust, Ash, and Soot 3.
More informationMeasuring Environmental Impacts Air
Impacts of Air Emissions from Power Generation: Smog: Measuring Environmental Impacts Air The term "smog" was first coined more than three decades ago to describe a mixture of smoke and fog in the air.
More informationAssessing Rates of Climate Change
Assessing Rates of Climate Change What is the difference between climate and weather Climate = average weather over many years (ex: 30 year averages) Climate forcings (things that affect global temperatures)
More informationChapter Using Resources Wisely: Soil, Freshwater, & Atmospheric Resources Key Questions: 1) Why is soil important and how do we protect it?
Chapter 6 6.2 Using Resources Wisely: Soil, Freshwater, & Atmospheric Resources Key Questions: 1) Why is soil important and how do we protect it? 2) What are the primary sources of water pollution? 3)
More informationHUMAN IMPACT on the BIOSPHERE part 4
HUMAN IMPACT on the BIOSPHERE part 4 Charting a course for the Future http://www.claybennett.com/pages2/mistletoe.html ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS DEAD ZONES OZONE DEPLETION ACID RAIN GLOBAL WARMING WASTE http://www.acmecompany.com/stock_thumbnails/13808.greenhouse_effect_2.jpg
More informationAnnouncements. Pollution week continues. Thinking about pollution. Why are polar bears so contaminated?
Announcements Grades for exam 2 have been posted March 7 th - Last day to submit LEAD summary to TA, extra credit videos due next Tuesday (no late videos will be accepted) Next Thursday, Environmental
More informationChapter 17: Atmospheric Science and Air Pollution I. Central Case: The 1952 Killer Smog of London
Chapter 17: Atmospheric Science and Air Pollution I. Central Case: The 1952 Killer Smog of London A. Thick smog first settled over the city on December 5, 1952, when many residents stoked: B. A wind finally
More informationCritical Thinking ANALOGIES. ZEV b. air pollution : Clean Air Act c. ventilation : sick-building
Skills Worksheet Critical Thinking ANALOGIES In the space provided, write the letter of the pair of terms or phrases that best complete the analogy. An analogy is a relationship between two pairs of words
More informationAir as our most pressing physical need--essential to human life minute-to-minute. Atmospheric Structure Air is a gaseous mixture of mostly nitrogen
A.F.E.W AIR Air as our most pressing physical need--essential to human life minute-to-minute. Atmospheric Structure Air is a gaseous mixture of mostly nitrogen (78 percent) and oxygen (21 percent) along
More informationHigh-energy Hydrogen II Teacher Page
High-energy Hydrogen II Teacher Page Video: Hydrogen - The Pollution Solution Student Objectives will be able to explain how fossil fuels have caused our pollution problem will be able to explain how hydrogen
More information