Table of Contents. I. Introduction 1. Overall Scheme 2. Basic Policy 3. Social System Based on Next-generation Energy

Transcription

1 Table of Contents I. Introduction 1. Overall Scheme 2. Basic Policy 3. Social System Based on Next-generation Energy II. Form 1 - The Current Status of the Demonstration Areas; the Total Project Cost for the Demonstration; Project Implementation Bodies and the Sectors; the Energy Conservation Targets; Equipment to be Installed - Overall Schedule III. Form 2 1. Large-scale Introduction of Renewable Energy 1-1: The Introduction of Renewable Energy in the Three Areas 1-2: The Introduction of Solar Thermal Energy Systems at Welfare Facilities, etc. in the City 1-3: The Introduction of River Water Source Heat Pumps in Buildings 2. Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) 2-1: The Introduction of HEMS in the Three Areas 2-2: Energy Management Combining Fuel Cells and Storage Batteries in Condominiums 3. Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) 3-1: The Introduction of BEMS in the Three Areas 3-2: The Introduction of BEMS in Combination with Storage 3-3: Energy Management of Groups of Buildings and Coordination between Districts 4. Thermal Energy Management at the District Level 4-1: Surveys for the Installation of High-temperature Heat Supply Pipelines Using Urban Waste Heat 4-2: Energy Management Using District Heating and Cooling (DHC) Systems 4-3: Verification of the Effect of Visualization in DHC Areas on CO 2 Emissions Reduction 4-4: The Development of Heat Source Water Networks towards the Establishment of a Next-generation DHC System 5. Mutual Supplementation between the Community Energy Management Systems (CEMS) and Large-scale Power System Networks 5-1: The Introduction of CEMS in the Three Areas 6. Next-generation Transport Systems 6-1: The Introduction of a Large Number of EVs and the Development of Charging Infrastructure in the Three Areas 6-2: Energy Management Using Chargeable and Dischargeable EVs 7. Lifestyle Reforms 7-1: Lifestyle Reforms 8. Organizational Structure for Project Implementation 8-1: Establishment of an Organizational Structure for the Implementation of the YSCP 1

2 I. Introduction 1. Overall Scheme 2. Basic Policy 3. Social System Based on Next-generation Energy 2

3 1. Overall Scheme Mission of the Yokohama Smart City Project (YSCP) The project will pioneer the establishment of the world s best smart city model in the City of Yokohama which is an advanced city with a population of 3.7 million people. The Yokohama-model solutions will then be exported to cities overseas. Although Japanese companies have been competing at the international level to develop individual technologies for achieving a low-carbon society, there have been few opportunities to combine them and develop them into a social system. When looking at world trends, it is predicted that investment in infrastructure in Japan and overseas including emerging Asian countries will grow quickly. In addition to the primary purpose of this demonstration project which is to reduce CO 2 emissions, the project also aims to contribute to tapping foreign demand and increasing national wealth. For this purpose, there is a need to develop social infrastructure which can be applied to various countries and regions overseas. In order to develop such model infrastructure, it is important to avoid investing in solutions which may be easier to implement in a particular area but difficult to disseminate in other areas, such as investment in a demonstration project conducted in a new development district, an area which has particular conditions or a small area. The YSCP aims to apply low-carbon systems in the City of Yokohama, which has an economy the size of some small and medium sized countries, and diverse geographical features, including city centers such as Minato Mirai 21, Kannai and Kangai districts, a leading port area in Japan, large-scale development districts such as Kohoku New Town and residential areas rich in water and vegetation in the suburbs. The project also aims to apply low-carbon systems in built-up urban districts where the city s population of 3.68 million live, which makes introducing new infrastructure difficult. The project s mission is to establish a social system which can be sustainably developed in an already established city, by bringing together companies technologies (almost at the level of practical use) in Yokohama, which has diverse geographical features. Through this effort, the project will pioneer the establishment of the world s best smart city model which can be applied to cities overseas, and then export the Yokohama-model solutions to cities overseas. Goals of the Yokohama-model Smart City In order to achieve the above described mission, the Yokohama-model smart city needs to have the following four elements: it should be scalable, it should achieve speedy development, it should be sophisticated and it should give satisfaction to people. Firstly, the project will aim to develop a scalable smart city. When considering exporting the Yokohama-model solutions to cities in emerging Asian countries, it is necessary to demonstrate that the model smart city can work in a large-scale city. Therefore, a smart city will be developed using the characteristics of the City of Yokohama as one of the largest cities in the world, and solutions that can be applied to various cities around the world will be established. In order to achieve this, the project will carefully consider the size of demonstration tests. In addition, when developing the information systems needed for new infrastructure, the project will emphasize the scalability of the systems (for example, by making it possible to add new services and systems and to support larger numbers of users in the future). Secondly, the project will aim at the speedy development of a smart city. When considering applying the systems in emerging countries that are rapidly growing, the speedy development of a smart city is essential. As approaches for accelerating the development speed, the YSCP will employ the urban package solutions which include both construction and the operation of facilities, as well as utilizing existing urban infrastructure to the maximum extent possible. Thirdly, the project will aim at developing a sophisticated smart city. It will aim to achieve both high quality and good cost performance by integrating Japanese advanced technologies and inexpensive mature technologies. Therefore, when building the information systems needed for new infrastructure, the project will emphasize interoperability (the ability to work together with diverse systems). In addition to developing urban infrastructure, the project will aim to transform Yokohama into a sophisticated smart city 3

4 by encouraging citizens to change to a more sophisticated lifestyle. Fourthly, the project will aim to create a smart city which gives satisfaction to its users. It will provide solutions where the citizens of the smart city will participate and achieve ecological living. In order to achieve this, the project aims to provide ecological solutions which do not compromise convenience and do not impose restraints. At the planning stage, the project will encourage private companies and citizens groups to propose new project ideas from the users standpoint, by utilizing the companies participating in the Innovation Network, local small- and medium-sized enterprises and the Yokohama Eco School (YES). 4

5 2. Basic Policy [Objectives of the Activities] Establish a low-carbon city in Yokohama. The City of Yokohama sets the following targets in CO-DO30 (Yokohama Climate Change Action Policy). Cut down on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per person by over 60% from the FY2004 level by FY2050. Cut down on GHG emissions per person by over 30% from the FY2004 level by FY2025 and increase the use of renewable energy 10 fold from the FY2004 level (about 17 PJ), in order to achieve the above-mentioned target. In an effort to achieve these robust CO 2 reduction targets, the project will develop social systems utilizing low-carbon related technologies in three sectors of (1) energy, (2) buildings and (3) transportation. [Approach for the Achievement of the Targets] Introduce technologies almost at the level of practical use and then establish and disseminate the technologies. Systems which have the above-mentioned four elements (a scalable system, speedy development, a sophisticated system and the provision of satisfaction ) will be established in each sector and the systems will then be applied to wider areas. In particular, the following three steps will be taken to establish low-carbon systems. (1) Technologies almost at the level of practical use will be proactively introduced through a comprehensive platform in order to verify the technologies. (2) Services and new businesses which disseminate the verified technologies will be introduced on a trial basis in order to verify their economic viability. (3) The established services (including coordination with efforts to design institutional arrangements) will be introduced over a wider area in order to verify the effect of disseminating the services as a social system. The project will be conducted mainly in three areas: the Minato Mirai 21 area (population: about 7,000, the number of households: about 3,600, hereinafter referred to as MM ); the Kohoku New Town area (in Tsuzuki Ward, population: about 200,000, the number of households: about 75,000, hereinafter referred to as Kohoku NT ); and the Yokohama Green Valley area (in Kanazawa Ward, population: about 210,000, the number of households: about 87,000, hereinafter referred to as YGV ). Verification of technologies ((1) above) will be conducted on a trial basis as a small start, and verification of the economic viability ((2) above) and the effect of disseminating the services ((3) above) will be conducted in expanded areas (mainly within the three areas explained above) to the extent needed to achieve CO-DO30. [Policies for Specific Activities] Large-scale Introduction of Renewable Energy In view of the goal set in the Basic Energy Plan achieving 10% renewable energy in primary energy supply by 2020, photovoltaic (PV) systems and other facilities will be installed in the areas through intensive investment in order to reduce CO 2 emissions. More specifically, the following measures will be taken: the introduction of renewable energy in the three areas [Form 2, No. 1-1]; the introduction of solar thermal energy systems at welfare facilities, etc. in the city [Form 2, No. 1-2]; and the introduction of river water source heat pumps in buildings [Form 2, No. 1-3]. Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) Optimum energy management will be conducted in each home including the management of renewable energy, and CO 2 emissions will be reduced through the efficient use of energy. More specifically, the following measures will be taken: the introduction of HEMS in the three areas [Form 2, No. 2-1]; and energy management combining fuel cells and storage batteries in condominiums [Form 2, No. 2-2]. 5

6 Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) Similarly to HEMS, BEMS will conduct optimum energy management at each business building, and CO 2 emissions will be reduced through the efficient use of energy. Buildings will also be grouped together and optimum energy management will be conducted for each group of buildings. More specifically, the following measures will be taken: the introduction of BEMS in the three areas [Form 2, No. 3-1]; the introduction of BEMS in combination with storage batteries [Form 2, No. 3-2]; and energy management of groups of buildings and coordination between districts [Form 2, No. 3-3]. Thermal Energy Management at the District Level In the existing district heating and cooling (DHC) areas, CO 2 emissions will be reduced by using energy efficiently, through the utilization of solar thermal energy, the introduction of BEMS, the development of a high temperature thermal (steam) network and the development of a heat source water network. Optimization of thermal energy management within the whole district will be considered in order to install facilities which can utilize large amounts of thermal energy such as solar thermal energy and heat from river water, which will be utilized before being supplemented by thermal energy from grid electricity and decentralized power sources. More specifically, the following measures will be taken: surveys for the installation of high-temperature heat supply pipelines using urban waste heat [Form 2, No. 4-1]: energy management using DHC systems [Form 2, No. 4-2]; verification of the effect of visualization in DHC areas on CO 2 emissions reduction [Form 2, No. 4-3]; and the development of heat source water networks towards the establishment of a next-generation DHC system [Form 2, No. 4-4]. Mutual Supplementation between the Community Energy Management Systems (CEMS) and Large-scale Power System Networks CEMS will perform community energy management to cope with the penetration of large amount of renewable energy by having power and heat storage facilities and consuming output from local renewable energy inside the area. In CEMS, the optimum operation of electric energy [Form 2, No. 1-1] and heat energy [Form 2, No. 1-2 and 1-3] supplied inside the area will be conducted as well. Furthermore, a mechanism to conduct collaborative management for a multiple number of CEMS will be considered. More specifically, CEMS will be introduced in the three areas [Form 2, No. 5-1]. CEMS will enable the utilization of energy in an area and the visualization of CO2 emission through combining HEMS [Form 2, No. 2-1], BEMS [Form 2, No. 3-1], electric vehicles (EVs) and charging infrastructure [Form 2, No. 6-1] which will be installed in the area. The operation of energy-related equipment will be controlled using HEMS in such a way that more locally produced energy can be consumed locally, by taking into account economic incentives. Furthermore, mutual supplementation between CEMS and large-scale power system networks will be implemented by adjusting the gap between the expected and actual energy demand for the next day inside the area through BEMS and HEMS control. CEMS will be constructed as a tool which will realize lifestyle reforms [Form 2, No. 7-1] and verify the results. Next-generation Transport Systems CO 2 emissions in the transport sector will be reduced by promoting the use of next-generation vehicles (mainly EVs) which do not emit CO 2 and increasing the efficiency of energy use in transport systems through promoting the utilization of public transport systems, etc. The possibility of using EVs as social infrastructure for power storage will also be examined for a power supply system where large amounts of PV systems are installed. More specifically, the following measures will be taken: the introduction of a large number of EVs and the development of charging infrastructure in the three areas [Form 2, No. 6-1]; and energy management using 6

7 chargeable and dischargeable EVs [Form 2, No. 6-2]. Lifestyle Reforms In order to ensure the establishment and the effective utilization of new technologies and infrastructure, it is important that the citizens are willing to accept these new technologies and infrastructure. The biggest advantage of Yokohama is the power of its citizens who think and act independently. The citizens will be encouraged to change their way of thinking and accept low-carbon lifestyles, in order to accelerate efforts to reduce carbon emissions. Based on the above idea, lifestyle reforms [Form 2, No. 7-1] will be facilitated. [Characteristics in Comparison with Overseas Cities] When compared to other smart overseas cities, the City of Yokohama has advantages with regard to the four elements mentioned above (with regard to creating scalable systems, achieving speedy development, creating sophisticated systems and providing satisfaction ). With regard to the scalable element, the City of Yokohama is a large city compared to many other cities and the systems used in Yokohama can be applied to other large cities. In terms of speed, the development speed will be accelerated by enabling the introduction of the systems in condominiums, newly constructed districts and industrial estates which often exist in urban areas, in addition to the introduction of the systems in detached houses. Regarding the sophisticated element, good cost performance will be expected by integrating mature technologies and advanced technologies, and energy use will be streamlined by combining different energy sources rather than relying on electricity alone. With regard to satisfaction, the achievement of both user satisfaction and carbon emissions reduction will be strived for by ensuring that convenience is not compromised and the adoption of mechanisms developed from the residents standpoint. 7

8 3. Social System Based on Next-generation Energy Yokohama 横浜グリーンバレーエリア Green Valley area Minato Mirai 21 area みなとみらい21エリア Smart スマートヒ ル buildings High-Rise apartment タワー型マンション buildings アミュース メント エリア Amusement area 観光用 Tourism-purpose EVカーシェア EV car sharing 工場エリア Industrial area Smart スマート工場設備 plant facilities 住宅エリア Residential area Low-carbon 低炭素団地再生モテ ル apartment complex improvement model Smart settlement スマート決済カート card system Steam 蒸気 NW network Heat source water 熱源水 network NW Skyscraper 超高層業務ヒ ル business buildings 地域冷暖房 District heating and cooling system Vacant 未利用地 land Business-purpose 業務用 EV EV car カーシェア sharing Information network 情報網 EV EV loop 巡回ハ ス buses Photovoltaic 太陽光 systems Lifestyle ライフスタイル革新 reforms CGS 太陽熱 Solar thermal energy system Park ハ ーク アント ライト and ride スマートシティ Smart city management マネジメントセンター center Condominiums Renovation 集合住宅 of buildings to produce 低炭素リフォーム low-carbon buildings Photovoltaic 太陽光 systems Smart shopping スマートショッヒ ンク センター center Heat 熱供給フ ラント supply plant Central business 商業集積エリア district Delivery-purpose EV car sharing 配送用 EV カーシェア 低層住宅 Low-rise housing Newly built smart houses スマート分譲住宅 for sale Kohoku 港北ニュータウンエリア New Town area Future Vision of YSCP [Minato Mirai (MM) 21 Area] In the Minato Mirai area where a DHC system has already been installed, the project aims to develop a next-generation DHC system and a heat source water network which integrate a steam network utilizing waste heat from the waste treatment plant, water system circulation and thermal supply infrastructure. BEMS will be adopted at each skyscraper business building. An integrated BEMS will be installed for a group of existing and newly installed BEMS, in order to achieve the visualization of the energy used in buildings and the optimization of energy management in business buildings including heat usage and air-conditioning. Sufficient short distance transportation is currently not in place. Based on this situation, the project will take measures to develop low-carbon mobility infrastructure and establish a transport system with a low environmental impact, through promoting the introduction of business-purpose EV car sharing systems, the installation of charging stations and the introduction of EV loop buses. [Kohoku New Town (NT) Area] Since the 1970s when urban development of the Kohoku New Town area started, commuter suburbs in the hills and commercial facilities around the railway station have been developed. Using the characteristics of the area, the project aims to popularize the renovation of housing to produce low-carbon houses by, for example, improving insulation, applying HEMS and installing residential PV systems, by tapping into the demand for housing renovation. Regarding the shopping mall in front of the railway station, the project aims for the development of a smart shopping mall through the introduction of BEMS and the installation of charging stations in the car parks, in order to differentiate the mall from nearby competitors. Other measures to be applied in this area include: the introduction of renewable energy at public facilities and parks; the introduction of BEMS when supply-side and demand-side equipment is renewed in the DHC area in front of the railway station; and the integration of the transport of high-temperature waste heat from the waste treatment plant and the DHC system. 8

9 [Yokohama Green Valley (YGV) Area] The Yokohama Green Valley area contains many elements which characterize Yokohama in one small area, including coastal areas, housing estates, industrial estates, public facilities such as schools and hospitals, vegetated areas and the sea. A negative feature of the area is that the aging of the population is progressing and the birth rate is declining. In light of this current situation, the project will promote the revitalization of the local economy and the cutting of GHG emissions on the estates (through the introduction of renewable energy and highly efficient equipment), with cooperation between industry, the government, academic communities and citizens. In addition to installing low-carbon equipment and facilities, the project will also work towards the establishment of a low-carbon model area by raising the awareness of citizens and companies about the environment in order to ensure that proactive energy conservation activities take root. 9

10 II. Form 1 - The Current Status of the Demonstration Areas; the Total Project Cost for the Demonstration; Project Implementation Bodies and the Sectors; the Energy Conservation Targets; Equipment to be Installed - Overall Schedule 10

11 Form 1 Current status of the demonstration areas Population: Approx. 420,000 No. of households: Approx. 170,000 Land area: Approx. 60 km 2 No. of vehicles owned: Approx. 150,000 units Total project cost for the demonstration (five years): Approx. 74 billion yen Project implementation bodies and the sectors (including the bodies participating in the project) 1. Large-scale introduction of Renewable Energy 1-1: The introduction of renewable energy in the three areas (City of Yokohama, Toshiba Corporation, Panasonic Corporation, Meidensha Corporation, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated, Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Accenture Japan Ltd. and others) 1-2: The introduction of solar thermal energy systems at welfare facilities, etc. in the city (Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Accenture Japan Ltd. and others) 1-3: The introduction of river water source heat pumps in buildings (Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated, Accenture Japan Ltd and others) 2. Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) 2-1: The introduction of HEMS in the three areas (Panasonic Corporation, Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated, Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., City of Yokohama, Accenture Japan Ltd. and others) 2-2: Energy management combining fuel cells and storage batteries in condominiums (Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Accenture Japan Ltd. and others) 3. Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) 3-1: The introduction of BEMS in the three areas (Accenture Japan Ltd., Meidensha Corporation, Toshiba Corporation, City of Yokohama, Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. and others) 3-2: The introduction of BEMS in combination with storage batteries (Meidensha Corporation, NEC Corporation, Accenture Japan Ltd. and others) 3-3: Energy management of groups of buildings and coordination between districts (Toshiba Corporation, Accenture Japan Ltd., Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated and others) 4. Thermal Energy Management at the District Level 4-1: Surveys for the installation of high-temperature heat supply pipelines using urban waste heat (Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd. and others) 4-2: Energy management using district heating and cooling (DHC) systems (Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Accenture Japan Ltd. and others) 4-3: Verification of the effect of visualization in DHC areas on CO 2 emissions reduction (Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated, Accenture Japan Ltd. and others) 4-4: The development of heat source water networks towards the establishment of a next-generation DHC system (Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated and others) 5. Mutual Supplementation between Community Energy Management Systems (CEMS) and Large-scale Power System Networks 5-1: The introduction of CEMS in the three areas (Toshiba Corporation, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Accenture Japan Ltd. and others) 6. Next-generation Transport Systems 6-1: The introduction of a large number of EVs and the development of charging infrastructure in the three areas (City of Yokohama, Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Toshiba Corporation, Accenture Japan Ltd. and others) 6-2: Energy management using chargeable and dischargeable EVs (Nissan Motor Co., Ltd., Hitachi, Ltd., ORIX Corporation, Accenture Japan Ltd. and others) 11

12 7. Lifestyle Reforms 7-1: Lifestyle reforms (City of Yokohama, Accenture Japan Ltd., Toshiba Corporation, Panasonic Corporation, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated, Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Yokohama Kanazawa Cooperative Society, Yokohama Kanazawa Industry Liaison Council and others) 8. Organizational Structure for Project Implementation 8-1: Establishment of an organizational structure for the implementation of the YSCP (Accenture Japan Ltd., City of Yokohama, companies participating in the YSCP) 12

13 CO 2 reduction targets (kt-co 2, in comparison with the 2005 level, as of 2014) Equipment to be installed Residential PV systems (households)* Medium and large sized PV systems (kw) HEMS (households, including smart houses) Approx. 64 ktco 2 The percentage of photovoltaic power out of the final energy consumption by households subject to the demonstration Equipment to be installed Approx. 100 Approx Approx Approx. 100 Approx. 1,200 Approx. 2,000 Approx. 1,100 Approx. 1,200 Approx. 5,600 Approx. 1,800 Approx. 1,300 Approx. 6,700 Approx. 1,000 Note: Energy facilities other than PV systems (such as wind turbines) will be added in additional rows.. Note: Smart houses are houses for which household energy management is conducted in coordination with CEMS. Note: HEMS refers to equipment which collects household energy-related information and controls energy use. Smart meters also come under this category if they have the same function. Household storage batteries (units, about 10 kwh) Storage batteries for the grid (units, about kwh) Next-generation vehicles* (chargeable and dischargeable) Charging facilities (fast charging) Approx. 0.1% Approx. 0.7% Approx. 2.3% Approx. 4.0% Approx. 5.8% Approx Approx. 100 Approx. 300 Approx (1 out of the above 3 is for buildings) (0) Approx (0) Approx. 125 (0) Approx. 500 (0) Approx (for buildings) (4) Approx. 620 (15) Approx (for buildings) (8) Approx. 740 (12) Approx. 125 Note: The figures stated in ( ) on the Next-generation vehicles and the Charging facilities rows are included in the total figures. * The numbers of Residential PV systems and Next-generation vehicles include natural increases. (8) (0) 13

14 Surveys and planning Development Introduction and verification Activities, items to be demonstrated Large-scale introduction of renewable energy The introduction of renewable energy in the three areas Planning and investigations towards the introduction of renewable energy Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) The introduction of solar thermal energy systems at welfare facilities, etc. in the city Development, implementation, evaluation and verification of the model project The introduction of PV systems in facilities owned by companies participating in the YSCP, housing, public facilities, etc. System designing Specifying sites to install the equipment Specifying sites to install the systems Installation of demonstration equipment Considering the improvement of the systems and control methods Utilization of unused energy such as river water Pre-feasibility study Detailed examination on the profitability System design for river water utilization The introduction of HEMS in the three areas Energy management combining fuel cells and storage batteries in condominiums Considering schemes to gain customers Preparation for public invitation, etc. Development of algorithms System design, etc. The introduction of HEMS Collection of energy consumption data from the equipment Gradual introduction of incentives for shifting demand Development of algorithms Installation of demonstration equipment and smart meters The introduction of EVs Verification of the effects of sharing heat and power Verification of changes in residents consumption behavior Gradually expanding the target area and installing PV systems Verification of the effect on promoting the introduction of renewable energy Summary and report on the results of the introduction The introduction of river water utilization systems and verification of its effects The introduction of HEMS Verification of the effects of each incentive Considering the provision of a service package which combines HEMS and incentives The introduction of next-generation fuel cells for verification Verification of the effects of incentives on the acceleration of changes in consumption behavior 14

15 Activities, items to be demonstrated The introduction of BEMS in the three areas Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) Thermal energy management at the district level The introduction of BEMS in combination with storage batteries Energy management of groups of buildings and coordination between districts Surveys for the installation of high-temperature heat supply pipelines using urban waste heat Energy management using district heating and cooling (DHC) systems Verification of the effect of visualization in DHC areas on CO 2 emissions reduction The development of heat source water networks towards the establishment of a next-generation DHC system Planning and investigations towards the introduction of BEMS Selection of sites to install BEMS A detailed survey of facilities subject to the demonstration Designing and manufacturing of BEMS, the development of a control system Surveys on the MM area, selection of buildings, setting targets Selection of implementation sites Consideration of system capacity Trials, evaluation and verification of service models and subsidy schemes The introduction of advanced BEMS Demonstration and verification of the control system Surveys on Kohoku NT and YGV, selection of buildings, setting targets The introduction of energy measuring systems in MM Pre-feasibility study Feasibility study The introduction of storage batteries Demonstration of the control system combined with storage batteries Demonstration of coordination with EV usage Improvement, evaluation and verification of the service models and the subsidy schemes Coordination with standards and regulatory measures including CASBEE Demonstration of the coordination with CEMS Evaluation of the coordination between buildings Demonstration of the effects of the management system for a group of buildings on CO 2 emissions reduction Detailed feasibility study (including underground surveys) Designing for implementation, construction Surveys and investigations Feasibility studies Designing improvements to DHC facilities and customers facilities for lowering carbon emissions Establishment of a demonstration project Consensus building among stakeholders, etc. Demonstration and verification The introduction of BEMS in customers facilities and DHC systems Evaluation of the overall system Determining and educating companies that will operate the management system for a group of buildings Formulation of draft promotion measures for the introduction of the system Designing and obtaining approval and authorization for the demonstration project Verification of the effects on CO 2 emissions reduction Pre-feasibility study Feasibility studies Scrutinizing the effects of the introduction Basic designing of heat source water networks 15

16 Activities, items to be demonstrated Mutual supplementation between Community Energy Management Systems (CEMS) and large-scale power system networks The introduction of CEMS in the three areas Development of CEMS, SCADA system for power storage and stationary storage battery for distribution substations Development of CEMS function for heat energy (-2013) Gradual introduction of CEMS and storage batteries in the three areas Next-generation transport systems The introduction of a large number of EVs and the development of charging infrastructure in the three areas Energy management using chargeable and dischargeable EVs Lifestyle reforms Lifestyle reforms Organizational structure for project implementation Establishment of an organizational structure for the implementation of the YSCP Planning and investigations towards the introduction Formulation of a large-scale demonstration plan Field surveys, consideration of approaches for gaining customers Development of an EV discharger and a communication interface between EV data centers and each EMS Development of various systems Planning and awareness-raising activities Experimental introduction of an energy monitoring project Implementing visualization Trials, evaluation and verification of service models and subsidy schemes Gradual introduction of charging stations Launch of surveys on the total distance traveled by EVs Expansion of the energy monitoring project Replacement of streetlights, etc. with LED lamps Display and information provision using LED displays Establishment of an organizational structure for the implementation of the YSCP, cooperation with other areas projects Participating in APEC and various other international events, holding independent events Operation of the Innovation Network and the organizational structure for the implementation of the YSCP Demonstration of coordination inside each area using CEMS Demonstration of virtual EMS which connects CEMS of the three areas Improvement, evaluation and verification of the service models and the subsidy schemes Expanding the introduction of charging stations The introduction of chargeable and dischargeable EVs, etc. Demonstration of the effects of charging/discharging controls on CO 2 emissions reduction and economic viability Development and demonstration of a system for coordinating with HEMS, BEMS, CEMS, etc. The introduction and improvement of incentives and systems Demonstration of the smart city management Verification of the effect of the incentives Evaluation of the degree of change in consumers behavior 16

17 III. Form 2 1. Large-scale Introduction of Renewable Energy 2. Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) 3. Building Energy Management Systems (BEMS) 4. Thermal Energy Management at the District Level 5. Mutual Supplementation between Community Energy Management Systems (CEMS) and Large-scale Power System Networks 6. Next-generation Transport Systems 7. Lifestyle Reforms 8. Organizational Structure for Project Implementation 17

18 1. Large-scale Introduction of Renewable Energy 1-1: The Introduction of Renewable Energy in the Three Areas 1-2: The Introduction of Solar Thermal Energy Systems at Welfare Facilities, etc. in the City 1-3: The Introduction of River Water Source Heat Pumps in Buildings 18

19 Form 2 1. Item to be demonstrated The introduction of renewable energy in the three areas No Implementation bodies City of Yokohama, Toshiba Corporation, Panasonic Corporation, Meidensha Corporation, Tokyo Electric Power Company, Incorporated (TEPCO), Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Accenture Japan Ltd. and others 3. Total project cost Approx. 19,500 million yen 4-1. Hypotheses to be demonstrated Next-generation energy infrastructure which enables the large-scale introduction of renewable energy will be established in order to reduce CO 2 emissions in the areas. The project will verify the following hypothesis: By installing renewable energy equipment in a specific area through intensive investment and establishing an energy management system in the area using CEMS combined with storage batteries, etc., both a stable power supply and quality of life (QOL) for the residents will be achieved. This will enable the large-scale introduction of renewable energy. 1 The project will accelerate the increase in renewable energy equipment in order to reduce CO 2 emissions in the areas. In this regard, the project will verify the following hypothesis: By expanding the service model which reduces the initial costs for customers in installing renewable energy equipment, such as lease of equipment, the introduction of renewable energy equipment will be accelerated Details of demonstration (Describe as specifically as possible by specifying who, what and how. ) The demonstration will be conducted in two stages: (1) the small start and (2) the expansion of the scope. (1) Small start PV systems will be installed in the MM area, the Kohoku NT area and the YGV area by FY2012. The following mechanisms will be established and verified, and the effect on CO 2 emissions reduction will be verified. The Yokohama Green Power project will be conducted in order to increase the usage of renewable energy. In addition to promoting installation by end users using existing subsidy systems for introduction, the project will aim to adopt a service package which can be provided at low prices, through the following methods. The project will publicly invite applications from general households in each neighborhood association, etc. The Yokohama Green Power will then purchase PV systems and relevant equipment, etc. in bulk. Installation work will be streamlined by installing the systems intensively in each area. Leasing services will be provided in order to reduce the initial investment costs for customers. Measurement (visualization) of renewable energy (heat and power) will be conducted using HEMS and BEMS at individual demand sites or using CEMS, in order to verify the effects on CO 2 emissions reduction. Regarding the measurement of renewable energy using CEMS at the community level, the introduction of renewable energy equipment and the measurement system at public facilities, parks, etc. in the target area will be considered, as well as considering the possibility of the new scheme, such as lease, through Yokohama Green Power Project. 1 For the introduction of renewable energy, the advance introduction of systems at facilities owned by the companies participating in the YSCP and in the Innovation Network will be considered. For example, PV systems and solar thermal energy systems will be installed at the Tokyo Gas Kohoku NT Building and at its company-owned housing, and PV systems and heat pumps will be installed at the houses of TEPCO employees. 1 See 5-1: The introduction of CEMS in the three areas for details. 19

20 (2) Expansion of the scope The project area will gradually be expanded from FY2013 using the mechanisms developed as the project progresses. By accelerating the introduction of renewable energy, the project will aim to install renewable energy equipment with a total capacity of about 27 MW. The target for the end of FY2014 is the introduction of renewable energy with a total capacity of about 27 MW including 13 MW worth of residential PV systems (about 4,200 households about 3 kw) and 14 MW worth of medium- and large-sized PV systems. This should make the percentage of power generated by residential PV systems out of the final energy consumption by the households in the demonstration area more than 5%. The roles of each body for implementing these activities are as follows. The companies participating in the YSCP and in the Innovation Network will cooperate with each other in order to increase renewable energy usage. The City of Yokohama will strive to increase PV system usage through the Yokohama Green Power activities. Toshiba, Panasonic and Meidensha will mainly work on the development of systems which measure the output of decentralized power supply systems and manage the generated power (HEMS, BEMS and CEMS). Accenture will carefully consider and set appropriate indicators for follow-ups including the verification of the effects on CO 2 emissions reduction and the evaluation of economic viability Follow-up methods In order to verify the above hypothesis, power output data will be collected for each decentralized power supply through HEMS, BEMS, CEMS and other systems, and the impact on the grid and the effect on CO 2 emissions reduction will be verified. 6. Schedule [Surveys and planning] Planning and investigations on service models and subsidy schemes towards the introduction of renewable energy [Surveys and planning] Careful consideration and setting of indicators for follow-ups [Development and introduction] Development, implementation, evaluation and verification of the Yokohama Green Power model project [Introduction and demonstration] The introduction of PV systems at facilities owned by companies participating in the YSCP, housing, buildings and public facilities [Introduction and demonstration] Gradually expanding the target area and installing PV systems [Introduction and demonstration] Improvement, evaluation and verification of the service models and the subsidy schemes 2 See 8-1: Establishment of an organizational structure for the implementation of the YSCP for details. 20

21 Form 2 1. Item to be demonstrated The introduction of solar thermal energy systems at No.1-2 welfare facilities, etc. in the city 2. Implementation bodies Tokyo Gas Co., Ltd., Accenture Japan Ltd. and others 3. Total project cost Approx. 1,321 million yen 4-1. Hypotheses to be demonstrated The project will install solar thermal panels, solar thermal absorption water heater/chiller systems for air-conditioning, gas engine water heaters, etc. at welfare facilities in the city, in an effort to reduce CO 2 emissions from business establishments. The project will verify the following hypothesis: Detecting the upper-atmosphere weather conditions and communicating the information between nearby introduction sites will enable the establishment of an energy management system which can maximize the utilization of renewable energy (whose output is unstable and unpredictable) and ensure the stable supply of hot and cold water. The project will also verify the following hypothesis: Through the simultaneous introduction of the systems at several buildings, simple equipment can be used to detect the weather conditions over a wide area instead of installing expensive observation instruments. This measure will enable energy management which takes into account the weather conditions at an adequate accuracy level for practical use. This project can be used as a leading project for utilizing renewable energy and to accelerate the introduction of renewable energy in other built-up urban districts Details of demonstration (Describe as specifically as possible by specifying who, what and how. ) Renewable energy, especially solar thermal energy systems, and area-wide control systems will be installed in the MM, Kohoku NT and YGV areas. Technical verification and verification of the effect on CO 2 emissions reduction will then be conducted as shown below. Gas engine water heaters and solar water heater systems will be installed at welfare facilities in the city which have a high demand for hot water (the main candidates are welfare facilities for the elderly in Yokohama City). The project will also consider the establishment of a system and a control method to stabilize output while maximizing the utilization of renewable energy. With the cooperation of Yokohama City, Tokyo Gas will install solar heat collectors on vacant land, etc. in the MM area (including areas around the MM area), and will use the collected heat to supply hot water and air-conditioning to existing nearby buildings, etc. In all cases, each installation will involve the introduction of solar heat collector panels and a set of auxiliary equipment, gas engine water heaters or solar thermal absorption chiller/heater systems for air-conditioning, a set of weather condition detecting equipment, a set of auxiliary equipment and a set of control system equipment for coordinating with existing water heaters. The system has equipment to detect the upper-atmosphere weather conditions above the installation sites. The system will be controlled by BEMS installed in the buildings. BEMS in several buildings will be connected and the information on the locations of many panels installed in the city and the changes in weather conditions at each site will be communicated between the installation sites. Communicated information will be used for the feedforward control of solar thermal energy systems. For example, a system can make the decision not to start operating the absorption chiller/heater systems, the gas engine or the boiler because the sky will soon be clear according to information from systems at neighboring buildings, even if the water temperature in the hot water storage tank is lower than the set value and it is currently cloudy. The system will also connect PV systems within the same facilities or neighboring facilities in addition to connecting solar thermal panels using BEMS, in order to enable coordinated management. For example, when there is surplus power generated by PV systems due to several sunny non-working days in a row, the gas engine operation can be controlled in order to use the surplus power from the PV systems. This will contribute to a stable power flow within a local area. 21

22 If BEMS needs to be installed in a building, collaboration between the companies participating in the YSCP will be considered. The roles of each body for implementing these activities are as follows. Tokyo Gas and its group companies will be responsible for the entire management of the project implementation (the implementation schedule management, designing-related operations, coordinating the introduction scheme and the outsourcing system for construction, and assisting with the applications for subsidies). They will also serve as a coordinator for companies operating the facilities, in cooperation with Yokohama City. Accenture will carefully consider and set appropriate indicators for follow-ups including the verification of the effects on CO 2 emissions reduction and the evaluation of economic viability Follow-up methods In order to verify the above hypotheses, surveys will be conducted on energy usage before and after the introduction of the equipment and the system at each introduction site and the effect of the project implementation on CO 2 emissions reduction will be verified. Based on the characteristics of heat load fluctuations in different seasons and at different times of the day, a basic control sequence will be created including equipment units tracking patterns and the priority order for the operation of different equipment units. Communication protocols between PV/solar heater panels as well as a feedforward control logic will also be developed. Demonstration tests for the developed system will then be conducted in order to assess the dynamic characteristics of each piece of equipment such as its start-up operation and its stopping operation as well as assessing the appropriateness of the priority order for the operation of each piece of equipment. The system will be continually developed through modifying the control logic and the basic sequence where appropriate. 6. Schedule 2010 [Surveys] System designing and consideration of the control logic. Identifying buildings on which the equipment can be installed [Introduction] Installation of demonstration equipment. The launch of data collection. Identifying buildings on which the equipment can be installed [Introduction] 2014 [Verification] Continuing data collection. Considering improvements to the systems and the control methods. Construction work for the introduction of the systems. Summary and report on the results at business establishments where the equipment was installed 3 See 8-1: Establishment of an organizational structure for the implementation of the YSCP for details. 22

23 Form 2 1. Item to be demonstrated The introduction of river water source heat pumps in No.1-3 buildings 2. Implementation bodies Tokyo Electric Power Company (TEPCO), Accenture Japan Ltd. and others 3. Total project cost Approx. 715 million yen 4-1. Hypotheses to be demonstrated The project will utilize currently unused energy such as river water in order to cut down on CO 2 emissions. The project will verify the following hypothesis: The introduction of river water source heat pumps in new buildings to be constructed in the area around Yokohama Station where abundant river water is available will contribute to significant CO 2 emissions reduction through replacing fossil fuel (boilers) Details of demonstration (Describe as specifically as possible by specifying who, what and how. ) River water source heat pumps* will be installed in buildings to be constructed in the area around Yokohama Station and technical verification and verification of the effect on CO 2 emissions reduction will be conducted as shown below. Although the Plan for the Major Redevelopment of the Area around Yokohama Station states the need for flood control measures for the Katabira river which runs through the area, as well as the utilization of the river for amenity purposes and as a heat source, the plan does not stipulate a policy for the planning and designing of specific projects. Therefore, feasibility studies will be conducted for the planned updating of heat source facilities and new development projects in the area. The feasibility studies include: technical surveys for utilizing the river water as the heat source for heat pumps (survey items include the water flow, the water intake methods, the environmental impact and the facility operation methods); and a study on cost-effectiveness (the construction cost, the effect on CO 2 emissions reduction and the effect on operational cost reduction). Based on the survey results, the project will aim to promote the comprehensive utilization of the river water in the area by developing a water system which enables flood control, the utilization of the river for amenity purpose and as a heat source in order to reduce carbon emissions. The project will demonstrate that a significant CO 2 emissions reduction can be achieved through the introduction of river water source heat pumps at projects which have been determined to be profitable through the feasibility studies in order to replace fossil fuel (boilers). The project will demonstrate that the introduction of river water source heat pumps in combination with heat storage tanks will enable load-shifting and that the utilization of renewable energy can be prioritized in the district by connecting the equipment to CEMS. * A river water source heat pump It is a highly efficient heat source system for air-conditioning which utilizes river water with stable temperature throughout a year (i.e. the water stays cool in the summer and is warm in the winter relative to the air temperature) as heat source water or cooling water in order to provide heating or cooling services for buildings. The effect of river water usage on the reduction of CO 2 emissions in terms of heat supply will be verified through feasibility studies for the heat supply updating plans for existing buildings and new model development projects in the area around the Katabira river subject to flood control measures and measures to utilize the river for amenity purposes in the Plan for Major Redevelopment of the Area around Yokohama Station. River water source heat pumps will be installed in development districts for which profitability has been determined. By utilizing the abundant water sources around the area (river water, seawater, water from sewage treatment plants), the project will achieve the utilization of currently unused energy and carbon emissions reduction using heat pumps. 23