a al nnu report

Transcription

1 annu a report

2 Foreword It is my peasure to present WASH Institute annua report for the period Apri 2011 to March The hamark of this period was to keep momentum going by providing quaity training programs in water and sanitation sector to key stakehoders and aso increased engagement with the Government efforts in sustained capacity buiding and ski enhancement of their staffs at various eves. WASHi aso supported other capacity buiding and panning initiatives of the Government. Apart from this various programmes were conducted for other organisations as we. This year mark the occasion of estabishment of WASHi office at Patna to strengthen its work in northern states. The job oriented academic course on Environmenta Sanitation (Sanitary Inspector's course) was aso started during the year. The demand for WASHi training has been steadiy increasing as there are few organisations in India to provide quaity trainings on WATSAN issues. This demand for trainings, combined with the support by the Government and Pan India heped WASHi to continue rendering quaity programs, thus enabing departments and organisations to better impement the water and sanitation projects and quicken the pace of achieving the coverage and usage in water and sanitation. WASH Institute is extremey gratefu to the Ministry of Drinking Water Suppy, Government of India, Sanitation Missions of Jharkhand, Bihar, UP, Rajasthan & Odisha, TWAD Board, INGOs, NGOs and communities for their continued association and support in capacity buiding efforts. We sincerey thank our partners in capacity buiding and action research Pan India and SEI Sweden respectivey who have been supporting the growth and deveopment of WASHi since its inception. We aso thank our Governing and Advisory Boards for their continued support. We are certain that WASHi wi expand more and more to create a poo of experienced resource persons at nationa, state and district eve to support water and sanitation interventions across the country to serve thousands and thousands of community with improved water and sanitation faciities. Content Introduction 2 WASHi Vision 2 WASHi Mission 2 Training Programmes 3 Workshops / Conferences Organized 7 Participation in Workshops/ seminars 7 Advocacy through participation in consutative meetings 8 Organisationa Deveopment 9 WASHi Action Research cum Advocacy Project in Bihar 10 WASHi Academic Courses 11 WASHi in Monitoring and Evauation Assignments 11 WASHi inkage with Academic Institutions 11 Feedback from the participants on training 11 Concusion 12 Annexures 1. Key Resource Persons associated with 12 WASHi during the period 2. WASHI Genera Counci WASHi Advisory Committee Financia Highights Map of India showing areas of Work Sanitation assessment 16 Prakash Kumar Chief Executive Officer

3 Training Programmes Introduction Bridging the knowedge gap between community and service-providers, impementation managers and poicy-makers through a continuous and effective capacity buiding is one of the major goas of WASHi. WASHi has successfuy competed its fourth year of operation in spearheading capacity buiding efforts in WATSAN sector. The period was very successfu in terms of roing out important activities with support from the Ministry of Drinking Water Suppy and Sanitation to WASHi as a Key Resource Centre and different State Government PHED. WASHi conducted a series of water and sanitation trainings, besides stakehoder consutations, conferences and workshops. Training programmes have been conducted for NGOs and INGOs as we. A notabe feature was number of requests for meetings from Government both at State and Centre which emphasized the acute need of various kinds of required technica support in the WATSAN sector and the confidence reposed in WASHi conducted programs. The Institute has scaed up its activities in the past few years from mere capacity buiding organization and ventured into the arena of providing support for various activities which invoved stakehoder consutations through conferences, workshops, providing poicy advocacy inputs for strengthening various aspects of WATSAN programmes viz. impementation, monitoring and evauation and research. WASHi is at an important cross-road for enhancing its capacities and outreach. WASHi Vision A word in which a the communities have access to safe, protected and sustainabe drinking water and sanitation services, with improved hygiene practices. WASHi Mission WASHi's prime focus is to faciitate deveopment of skied professionas in water and sanitation sector with a community perspective to address the growing need of trained human resources in the sector. Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation, GoI sponsored training programmes WASHi has been recognized and approved as a Key Resource Centre among twenty other institutions in the country since 2010, by the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation (MDWS), Government of India. This KRC status contributed to an increased financia support from the ministry for various capacity buiding programmes and other services in the WATSAN sector. During the reporting period, MDWS sanctioned two projects: i) Series of Trainings on Water and ii) Series of Trainings on Sanitation. 1. Training on Water The MDWS sanctioned 8 training programmes and one Nationa Conference under the Water theme. These trainings were panned and conducted for Assistant Engineers, Junior Engineers and Panchayati Raj Institution members of different states. The trainings were under three topics namey Better Water Quaity for Better Heath, Construction and Maintenance of Iron Remova Pants, Community-based Water Security Pans. A tota of 251 officias of the government departments benefited from these trainings. S. No Particuars 5 days residentia training programme on various aspects of water security and panning. 3 days residentia training programme on various aspects of water security and panning. 2-days Nationa Workshop on Househod and community eve treatment technoogy Tota No. of Trainings The detais of the training conducted are presented beow: a. Training on Better Water Quaity for Better Heath with Specia focus on Mitigation measures Three day program on this themes were organized for the five seected States / Union Territories which addresses various issues in the rura drinking water A view of the Puducherry participants sector. The states were Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Puducherry and Uttar Pradesh. During these training programmes, specia attention was given to water quaity issues, mitigation measures, guideines, Miennium Deveopment Goas inkages with WATSAN, water purification methods - physica, chemica and bacterioogica approaches and change management. Practica sessions were conducted in the fied for demonstration of water quaity anaysis using Ja-Tara, Orab and TWAD board water quaity fied test kits. b. Training on Construction and Maintenance of Iron Remova pants A view of the participants of IRP training A training programme was conducted for 34 engineer participants from Odisha who were trained on the stepby-step construction of Iron remova pant. In addition the participants were taken to the Terrafi on-site manufacturing pant for imparting a practica earning on various aspects of the iron remova technoogy. A practica test was done on how Terrafi fiters operate to improve the water quaity. 2 Annua Report Annua Report

4 c. Trainings on Community-based Water Security Pan testing using fied kits and Behaviour change communication. Capacity buiding support to INGOs and NGOs As WASHi core expertise is in conducting capacity buiding programs for various stakehoders in the WATSAN sector, services of WASHi have been utiized by different Internationa and Nationa NGOs to train their staff personne. Continuing this trend, the reporting period aso witnessed a series of programmes for INGOs and NGOs. a. Tra i n i n g o n S c h o o Wa t e r a n d Environmenta Sanitation for Pan India staff A view of WFP training participants A view of the participants of the CWSP training Two programmes on this theme were conducted for the states of Bihar and Jharkhand. A tota of 58 participants were trained on water quaity issues, watershed management, water budgeting, demand cacuation, viage mapping and water security. The training programme incuded theoretica and practica sessions with participatory games and fims on the subjects. Participants were taken to the fied for two days to observe impementation of community water security pan. Participants of the Ist Sanitation training conducted for Jharkhand Training on Schoo Water and Environmenta Sanitation for Pan India staff Participants of Pan India and partner organisation at Kodaikana from 27th June to 1st Juy Exposure visits were made to Musiri Town Panchayat and urban sums ocated at Tiruchirapai. The participants expressed having earnt new concepts and methodoogy in WATSAN, which they fet had increased their sef confidence in impementing their projects. c. Training on Ecoogica Sanitation for WFP staff personne 2. Training on Sanitation The second theme sanctioned by MDWS for WASHi was on Sanitation with a tota of 8 trainings. The project duration was from December 2011 to June The modue of this training incudes session on Sustainabe Sanitation, Schoo Sanitation and Ecoogica Sanitation which was panned for Jharkhand, Bihar, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. The participants of the trainings were government officias, assistant engineers, junior engineers and Panchayati Raj institutions members. During the reporting period three trainings were competed for the state of Jharkhand. The remaining trainings are to be conducted for Bihar, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. The detais of the programmes conducted are: a. Training on Sustainabe Sanitation, Schoo Sanitation and Ecoogica Sanitation The trainings covered a the three topics in detai and participants earnt about technica aspects of different toiet modes, ECOSAN concepts, soid and iquid waste management, waste management technoogies, recycing of waste and converting into soi nutrients, WASH program in schoos, water and sanitation reated diseases and its preventive measures, Water quaity Participants of the IInd Sanitation training conducted for Jharkhand During the three training programs, a tota of 85 participants were trained and out of them 52 were engineers, PRIs members and NGOs members and 33 were the Ja Sahiyas from the state. A pre-test and posttest assessment of participants during the training program showed that there was a considerabe increase in the knowedge of the participants. Participants of the IIIrd Sanitation training conducted for Jharkhand Pan India, besides supporting the operationa costs of WASHi and supporting the everaging of funds from the Government as KRC, aso requested WASHi to undertake capacity buiding programmes for its staff and Project unit (PU) staff. A comprehensive Schoo WES training program was conducted at Bhubaneswar from 19th 21st October 2011 for the PU staff of Pan India's three partner organizations from Uttarkashi and Odisha. The purpose of this training was to orient and enhance the knowedge on the principes of hygiene, improvement of the quaity (functionaity and usabiity) of existing WASH faciities in schoos and to emphasize on strategies to coordinate with different stakehoder. The training programme consisted of various conceptua ectures invoving interactive sessions and fied visits for practica exposure. Pre-tests and posttest of participant's knowedge eve reveaed a positive improvement. b. Training on Integrated Water Suppy, Sanitation and Hygiene Water For Peope (WFP) staff Water for Peope is another INGO that showed keen interest in getting their staff trained through WASHi. A 3-day training programme on Integrated Water Sanitation and Hygiene was conducted for staffs of WFP Participants of ECOSAN training near Kokata This residentia training for WFP staff was arranged by Tagore Society of Rura Deveopment (TSRD) partner organization of WFP, ocated in Sagar Isand of Kokata from 26th to 31st December A tota of 26 participants participated from different parts of West Benga and were trained on Ecoogica sanitation. A mode of ECOSAN toiet unit was aso constructed to expain the construction steps and designs to the participants. d. Training programme for Foundation for Ecoogica Research, Advocacy and Learning (FERAL) staff One of the bocks in Krishnagiri district has been seected for a piot project on Schoo WASH by UNICEF- 4 Annua Report Annua Report

5 Training for FERAL NGO Tami Nadu. FERAL, a oca NGO was entrusted for the impementation of this piot project. WASHi was requested by UNICEF to organise training programme WASH Institute Training for the FERAL staff and government schoo teachers of Krishnagiri district. About 17 teachers participated for the Schoo WASH programme. 2 training programmes were conducted on 24th - 25th Nov 2011 and 07th Dec 2011 for the government officias, bock resource trainers, Chid-Friendy Viage Panchayat (CFVP) coordinator, assistant education officers and FERAL staff. The participants fet they were now better equipped with knowedge and methodoogy to impement the programme. During the reporting period tota 800 participants were trained on water and sanitation by attending programmes of 3-5 day durations incuding exposure visits. Most of the participants beonged to the Pubic Heath Engineering Departments, Schoo teachers, Panchayati Raj Institutions, INGOs/ nationa NGO staff, technica experts working with nationa as we as internationa agencies. 300 Workshops / Conferences Organized Nationa workshop cum Exhibition on Drinking Water Quaity, New Dehi Mr. Jairam Ramesh, Hon'be Minister for Rura Deveopment addressing the gathering Addressing water quaity issues has been on the prime agenda of the Ministry of Drinking water & Sanitation, Government of India. With a view to bring aong poicy makers, bureaucrats, research institutions, manufacturers and other stakehoders activey pursuing the probem, the MDWS in coaboration with UNICEF, Pan India and WASHi organised the nationa workshop-cum-exhibition on drinking water quaity at the India Habitat Centre, New Dehi on 15th 16th November Honourabe Minister for Rura Deveopment Mr. Jairam Ramesh inaugurated the workshop. The participants incuded Ministers in-charge of rura water suppy, Secretaries, technica officias and heads of departments from various states besides INGOs, NGOs, academia and manufacturers. The prime agenda of this workshop was to deiberate on various technoogica options for addressing water quaity contaminants, apart from bringing about coherence between researchers, manufacturers and fied-eve impementers. Highights of the 2-day workshop aso incuded seected paper presentations on different technoogies for contaminant-remova from eading research organizations across India and South East Asian countries. Many new innovations in technoogy were presented. Specia focus was given for deiberations on arsenic, fuoride, nitrate, sainity and bacterioogica contamination's impacts, treatments and mitigation measures. Over 300 persons participated in the two day workshop. Number of Persons Training on Water for Govt. Officias 85 Training on Sanitation for Govt. Officias 50 Schoo WES trainings program (Pan India) 15 Integrated Water Sanitation and Hygiene (Water for Peope) 26 Ecoogica Sanitation (Water for Peope) Name of Training 30 Good water safe heath (Water.org) 17 Schoo WES trainings program (FERAL) Awareness buiding (Gandhigram Rura University) a. SACOSAN-IV Participation in Workshops / seminars The SACOSAN is an inter-ministeria Conference of SAARC countries hosted trienniay by SAARC member nations. Fanked by participation of the Government agencies, NGOs, Civi society organisations, academic and research institutions, donors and many others, the Conference attempts to outine the ong-term goas and road maps for addressing sanitation issues. The SACOSAN-IV was organised by the Government of Sri Lanka from 4th - 8th Apri, 2011 at Coombo, Sri Lanka. Ms. Berna Mary participated in the conference as part of the Indian deegation ed by the Minister for Rura Deveopment. Three days of focused presentations, thematic discussions on various aspects of sanitation took pace during the SACOSAN-IV. Few of the highights of the SACOSAN-IV are: The number of peope in the region without sanitation is sti 716 miion i.e. 65 % Asians sti ack sanitation. The situation is aggravated by the fact that South Asia is prone to natura disasters. Sri Lanka has aready achieved the MDG target for sanitation at the nationa eve. India has recognised sanitation as a basic necessity and thereby has acceerated the reforms in sanitation sector. In Afghanistan, the nationa poicy for water suppy and sanitation was aunched in In Pakistan the sanitation sector faced serious chaenges owing to emergencies and disasters that affected the achievement of desired resuts. In Nepa some resuts were achieved by Schoo ed sanitation and the government dedicated more funding for rura sanitation. In Bangadesh the disparities in sanitation between the rich and the poor and rura and urban had sighty reduced since a decade. WASHi not ony participated in the Conference but aso exhibited numerous of its pubications contributing towards a better awareness, knowedge-management and capacity buiding in the WASH sector in India. 6 Annua Report Annua Report

6 b. Internationa Workshop on Cimate Change in Agricuture The Facuty of Agricutura and Anima Husbandry, Gandhigram Rura Institute (GRI), Gandhigram, Tami Nadu, organized the Internationa Workshop on Cimate Change in Agricuture: Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies during March The conference was sponsored by the University Grant Commission and GRI. Mr. Arumugam Kaimuthu presented a paper on the Impact of Cimate Change in Water and future perspectives during the conference. Other WASHi Trustees and staff participated in the workshop. c. Workshop on Improving Drinking Water Quaity A project was impemented by Indian Institute of Technoogy (IIT), Chennai on improving water and sanitation in Myiai Baajinagar urban sum, in association with Queens University, University of Gueph and IDRC Canada. A one-day workshop on Improving Drinking Water Quaity and Sanitary conditions in underprivieged communities of urban areas was organized by Water Resource Engineering Division of Civi Engineering Department, IIT Chennai on 20th Apri The workshop heped to share the earning and enhanced cross-sectora sharing with other NGOs. WASHi presented its earning in the fied of rura water and sanitation during the meeting. d. Workshop on effective monitoring of Schoo WASH WASHi has been invoved in the monitoring and evauation of Schoo WASH project supported by AusAid and Pan India. In this regard, WASHi provided inputs during the workshop on 6-7th Nov 2011 at Bhubaneswar, for devising strategies for the monitoring and evauation of Schoo WASH activity-framework. The workshop was organised by Pan India. Mr. Richard and Ms. Lee from AusAid who presented their views on the impementation of the schoo WASH project which has a r e a d y s h o w i n g p o s i t i v e r e s u t s. T h e recommendations were given on behaviour tracking mechanism, sharpening the schoo management cubs and awareness on community. Advocacy through participation in consutative meetings a. Consutation meet with MDWS, New Dehi WASHi was part of the Nationa Consutation meeting presided over by Mr. Jairam Ramesh, Union Minster for Rura Deveopment., New Dehi organised at the SCOPE compex, New Dehi on 6th February Severa presentations were made by seected representatives from various sectora partners from a over India on the topics of water, sanitation, hygiene, waste management etc. Discussions were aso hed on Improving water and sanitation faciities in India. The meeting concuded with some key recommendations as beow: Increased subsidy/ financia support for toiet construction Invovement of NGOs for improving the Water and Sanitation faciities in viages Efforts for reduction of VAT for sanitation products Re-financing for the SHG with importance to sanitation to be emphasised. Corporate sector shoud pay a key roe in improving the Water and Sanitation b. Consutative meetings with the State Panning Commission, Government of Tami Nadu The State Panning Commission, Government of Tami Nadu reguary hods consutations with various sectora payers in the fied of WASH. In this regard, a series of meetings were caed by Mrs. Shantha Sheea Nair IAS (Retd.), the Deputy Chairperson, Panning Commission, Government of Tami Nadu. WASHi participated in the meetings conducted on 10th November 2011 and 5th January Various pressing issues on water and sanitation were discussed ike poicy reforms, strategic approaches for addressing sanitation, mechanisms for equitabe access, quaity-contro of infrastructure deveopment, exporation of cost effective and user friendy technoogy options, operation and maintenance, Behaviour Change Communication etc. Different sub-committees were formed for addressing various aspects of WASH. The sub-committees p r e p a r e d r e p o r t s o f t h e d i s c u s s i o n s a n d recommendations were made to the Panning Commission. c. Consutative meet at Jharkhand on 12th five- year pan The Panning and Deveopment Department, Government of Jharkhand organized an interaction at ViSWA, Ranchi during 16th -20th May 2011 on various topics. Principa Secretary-PHED and State Water and Sanitation Mission Chief Engineer invited WASH Institute to participate in the 12th five-year pan meeting for inputs in the fied of water and sanitation. This invitation came as a resut of knowing WASHi and its trainings on Ecoogica Sanitation conducted for the Engineers of the Pubic Heath Engineering Department during October The meeting was presided over by Mr. Arjun Munda, Chief Minister of Jharkhand who aso inaugurated the session. A the participants were divided in to five groups for discussion on various topics namey: i. Roe of Community in Water suppy and sanitation ii. Urban water and waste management iii. Community ed tota sanitation iv. Innovation in drinking water and irrigation v. Roe of community in spectra ecoogica baancing. Mr. K. Y. Babu participated in the discussions and gave suggestions to be incuded in the 12th five-year pan recommendations of the state. Ecoogica Sanitation has been accepted by the group as one of the sustainabe sanitation option in the state. Further to this, a meeting was caed by the Principa Secretary Mr. Sudhir Prasad and Chief Engineer Mr. Shardendu Narayan in which WASHi representative presented their views which were incorporated in the state's pan. Principa Secretary, PHED requested WASHi to support for the capacity buiding of the impementing agencies in the state of Jharkhand. d. Consutation meetings with SWSM, Govt. of Jharkhand The SWSM, Government of Jharkhand caed for various organizations to find a ead NGO for conducting training programmes and WASHi was invited. The aim of this meeting was for identification of suitabe agency/ngo/krc for imparting trainings, IEC As part of strengthening organisation's capacity and capabiities to further expand in the sector, program for capacity buiding of the WASHi's personne has been deveoped. WASHi personne were nominated to Organisationa Deveopment deveopment and concurrent evauation of watsan faciities in Jharkhand. 9 organizations participated in the consutation meeting. WASH Institute was seected as a noda agency for deivering the training at state eve. WASHi to act as an umbrea organization under which oca NGOs, can be seected for impementing the training at district, bock and Panchayat eve. WASHi and two other NGOs based in Jharkhand were asked to deveop the joint proposa and submit to SWSM of Jharkhand. The modaity of the project is aso discussed with the oca NGO Vikas Bharti. e. Consutation for strategies for Open Defecation Free (ODF) urban areas As part of the campaign to make Tami Nadu Open- Defecation-Free by the year 2015, many State Government agencies commenced their strategies to achieve the goa. The Commissioner of Municipa Administration, Government of Tami Nadu convened a meeting on 17th March, 2012 to discuss modaities for Information, Education, Communication strategies to eradicate open defecation in the urban areas. Dr. S Rajendra Kumar participated in the meeting aong with two other organizations Naamdana and TVS Eectronics and proposed severa strategies. Further discussions are underway in the process of deveopment of suitabe communication strategy for ODF in urban areas. f. Network meetings and consutation workshops with FANSA To expedite the construction of schoo toiets with prime focus on gir chidren as per the recent order of Supreme Court, the WATSAN experts came together at the network meeting to prepare an appea to Government of Tami Nadu regarding Supreme Court order which urged to compete toiet construction. In addition to the network meeting, a consutation workshop was organized by FANSA to discuss and suggest a draft sanitation strategy to be presented to Government. Dr. S. Rajendra Kumar participated in this workshop and put forth WASHi ideas through presentation on Status of Sanitation in Tami Nadu. different capacity buiding programmes for refreshing their skis and aso being updated on the innovations taking pace in the sector, which are summarized beow: 8 Annua Report Annua Report

7 a. Training on Decentraized Wastewater Treatment Systems WASHi team members Mr. K Y Babu and Dr. Rajendra Kumar attended the training on Decentraised Wastewater Treatment System organised by The Consortium for DEWATS Dissemination Society (CDD) from 9th 11th November 2011 at Madurai. DEWATS is an option for sustainabe sanitation and many deveoping cities are accepting DEWATS as cost effective viabe option for wastewater treatment. The 3 day residentia training programme was coordinated by resource persons from TATA Dhan Academy and CDD Bangaore. The training programme was found usefu. b. Exposure visit to Vivekananda Kendra on Soid and Liquid Waste management WASHi team as part of capacity buiding underwent a one-day exposure visit to Vivekananda Kendra in Kanyakumari district on 26th January The Vivekananda Kendra has carried out extensive research and deveoped modes on Soid waste management, ow-cost construction etc. Different ow cost construction options deveoped without using the cement and utiizing ocay avaiabe materia were seen. A whoe assemby of rain water harvesting mode and soid waste management and use of Biogas by use of kitchen waste were seen. The exposure visit proved very usefu for the WASHi team. c. Desktop Caendar WASHi, in association with REAL, Dindigu prepared a thematic desk top caendar and annua panner for the year This activity was financiay supported jointy by Pan India and Water for Peope. This year theme was on Save Water, Secure the Future. Few copies of the pubications were circuated among government departments / INGOs / NGOs and Professionas and as in the previous year's many have appreciated the messages in the caendar as being usefu and thought provoking. One of the important activities taken up by WASHi was the monitoring and evauation of the Schoo WASH programme of Pan India. The Schoo WASH project was impemented with the support of AusAID through three of its partners in Uttarkashi and Odisha. Each of the project units cover 25 schoos, thereby 75 schoos were covered under the Schoo WASH Programme. As per request of Pan India, WASHi took-up the assignment of monitoring and assessment of the Schoo WASH programmes in Apri and June WASHi successfuy conducted the visit to the schoos and reviewed the designs and modes of the toiets in the WASHi in Monitoring and Evauation Assignments WASHi Academic Courses schoos. Review and assessment of the software activities were made for the foowing activities ike: i. Schoo heath cub formation, PTA and MTA formation and their functioning ii. Methodoogy and effectiveness of hygiene messages in the schoos promotion of iii. Roe payed by the teachers in the schoo WASH p r o g r a m m e w e r e a a s s e s s e d f o r recommendations. A comprehensive report for the same was submitted to Pan. SIDA supported Stockhom Environment Institute and WASHi project on sustainabe sanitation This is one of the important action research cum advocacy work that WASHi is impementing in Bihar in cose partnership with Stockhom Environment Institute (SEI), Sweden. The project specificay work to focus on sustainabe sanitation soutions in areas experiencing recurrent fooding in the State of Bihar, the most food-prone Indian State with more than 16% of the tota area food-affected and with more than 22% of India's food-affected popuation. It is of great importance to reduce human vunerabiity in Bihar and better sanitation systems, to be accompished by increasing coverage of improved sanitation to a higher percentage than the current eve of 25%. To ensure effective monitoring of SEI-WI project, WASHi had estabished its office at Patna. To achieve the objectives of the project some of the major activities done during the reporting period were: WASHi Action Research cum Advocacy Project in Bihar i. State eve Seminar on Arguments, Processes And Technoogies for estabishing aternative and sustainabe drinking water and sanitation security in food prone areas of North Bihar, ii. Assessment on sanitation chaenges in food affected areas (5 districts) of Bihar and prospects for ECOSAN. The brief report is attached as annexure -6. iii. Estabishment of community centred, driven and owned aternative secure sanitation process and faciities in one food prone hamet of Rupauiya viage of Paschim Champaran district. iv. Demonstration of Integrated Water suppy, Sanitation and Hygiene faciities in a High schoo in Maner, Patna. v. Partnership and networking with oca NGOs and agricutura scientists and promotion of urine harvesting. With a view to provide a forma earning and educationa patform, WASHi successfuy aunched two academic courses bearing affiiation with the Madurai Kamaraj University, Tami Nadu. i. One Year Post Graduate Dipoma in Environmenta Sanitation Science (Sanitary Inspector Course) ii. One year Certificate Course on Capacity Buidings of Heath Workers This was a new beginning for WASHi whereby students woud be oriented with the various aspects of environmenta sanitation and deveoping heath inkages for drinking water & sanitation. The course incudes different modues for interactive earning through cass-room teaching, hands-on training on numerous aspects and a practica exposure through fied based earning. New fu time teaching staff was recruited besides guest facuty. WASHi course changed my ife practices Earier I was a very casua kind of guy. I never used to take bath daiy and the reguar tooth brushing was not my business. Not ony I have changed, but have aso made my f r i e n d s, famiy a n d reatives to change to good practices. After joining the course of sanitary Inspector at WASHi I reaized what I was negecting. The course content and facuties at our institute are wonderfu and I am accumuating very vauabe information and knowedge about heath and hygiene. I am confident that coming out of this institute, I wi get an opportunity to work with good companies where I can everage my earning. G. Rajaingam student - Sanitary Inspector Course WASHi inkage with Academic Institutions Awareness buiding for Gandigram Rura University, Dindigu Addressing the request of the Agricutura Department, Gandhigram Rura University, Dindigu, WASHi conducted an awareness programme on 11th August 2011 for the students on water and sanitation. The programme was attended by 300 students and staff personne who shared their views, thoughts and comments on the presented topics. Feedback from the participants on training Overa it was exceent, earnt many new things and wants to get more simiar training in water and sanitation so that I can impement the same Indra kant Jha, AE (PHED), MedniNagar 10 Annua Report Annua Report

8 Learnt very important aspects of water & sanitation and now want to make aware my viages and woud ike to participate in simiar trainings. Overa it was an exceent experience Sudha Devi, PRI member, Sahebganj I was fascinated by the concept of Roof Rain Water Harvesting. I am definitey going to use this technique in my Panchayat K. Ansari, Mukhiya, Giridih The knowedge sharing on ECOSAN toiet was briiant, wi try to encourage our peope to use the same in our area Janardhan Pd. Singh, SDO, Madhupur Concusion The period was very eventfu where WASHi has been abe to contribute to the ongoing programs of government through ski buiding of their staffs by organizing severa training programmes and conferences. The consutations in which WASHi participated presented new concepts, add to existing knowedge, information's, practices and innovations to refine the ongoing programmes for wider and ong term impact for improved heath and iveihood of the community. The WI-SEI Bihar research project has started impementing newer concepts in sustainabe sanitation and more particuary demonstrating system that wi effectivey cose the sanitation oop and use nutrients found in human excreta in agricuture. The initia successes are very encouraging. WASHi with aunch of academic programmes has started a new beginning for bridging the gap for avaiabiity of more skied personne in the fied of water and sanitation and aso creating newer job opportunity for the young. The increase of manpower and tapping of more resources are the two major areas for WASHi to put more efforts as it aims to grow bigger and more effective. Annexure 2: WASHi Genera Counci S.No. Name Address Position 1. Dr. T.T. Ranganathan Prof. Agricuture, Gandhi Gram Rura Institute, Trustee - President Gandhi Gram, Dindigu, Tami Nadu 2. Mr. Arumugam Kaimuthu Country Director, Managing Trustee Water For Peope (WFP), New Dehi 3. Mr. L. Peter Executive Secretary, Trustee -Treasurer Rura Education and Action for Liberation (REAL) Dindigu, Tami Nadu 4. Mr. Tom Paakudiyi Head of Asia Region, WaterAid UK, Member 47-49, Durham Street, London-SE11 5JD, UK 5. Mr. Girish Menon Director - Internationa operation, Member WaterAid, 47-49, Durham Street, London-SE11 5JD, UK 6. Mr. D.K. Manavaan, Executive Director Member IAS (Retd) Action for Food Production (AFPRO) New Dehi Annexure I: Key Resource Persons associated with WASHi during the period 1. Dr. A.B. Shuka, Consutant, WSSO, Uttar Pradesh 2. Mr. M. Subburaman, Director, SCOPE, Tiruchirapai 3. Dr. A.K. Upadhyay, Environment Consutant & Lab In-charge, State Lab, Bihar 4. Dr. Ashok Ghosh, Professor, Environment Department, AN Coege, Patna, Bihar 5. Dr. C.A. Srinivasamurthy, Professor, GKVK, Bengauru 6. Dr. Nitish Priyadarshi, Environmentaist, Ranchi, Jharkhand 7. Dr. P. Mariappan, TWAD Board, Tami Nadu 8. Dr. Samir Bajpai, Associate Professor, NIT, Raipur, Chhattisgarh 9. Er. K.M. Namboodiri, Consutant, Keraa 10. Er. Ravindran, Head of Organization Deveopment, Centre for Exceence, Chennai 11. Mr. B.P. Ojha, Director Water Quaity, PHED, Bihar 12. Mr. Chandi Charan Dey, WATSAN, Coordinator, Ram Krishna Mission, Kokata 13. Mr. Jyothirmoy Chakraborty, Consutant, Kokata 14. Mr. E. Manoharan, TWAD Board, Tami Nadu 15. Mr. Mohd Shehfar, Research Associate, Centre for Science and Environment, New Dehi 16. Mr. Prabhakar Sinha, BTAST, Patna, Bihar 17. Mr. R.P. Diwedi, Coordinator, Ruchika Organisation 18. Mr. Rajesh Prashant, Jagrti Vihara, Ranchi, Jharkhand 19. Mr. Robert Chandra Kumar, Advocate, Madurai Bench-Chennai High Court, Madurai 20. Mr. Satyabrata Achariya, Program Director, PRADAN, Jharkhand 21. Mr. Somnath Basu, WASH Speciaist, UNICEF, Jharkhand 22. Mr. Vivek Singh, Research Schoar, IIT, Kanpur 23. Mr. R.Sukumaran, Consutant, Coimbatore 7. Mr. S. Paramasivan Country Director, Wherever the Needs (UK) Member Cuddaore, Tami Nadu 8. Ms. Rajashi Mukherjee Independent Consutant, Kokata Member 9. Mr. P. Uday Shankar Regiona Director India Office Member Water.org, Tiruchirapai, Tami Nadu 10. Mr. Prakash Kumar Deputy Team Leader, SWASTH, DFID, Member Patna, Bihar, India. Annexure 3: WASHi Advisory Committee S.No. Name Address Position 1. Mr. Kumar Aok, IAS Deputy Director Genera in the Unique Member Identification Authority of India, Dehi 2. Dr. Ian K Smout Director, WEDC, Loughborough University (UK) Member 3. Mr. Rene Van Lieshout Senior Programme Officer, RCD Section Member IRC, The Netherands 4. Mr. Joep Verhagen Senior Programme Officer, RCD Section IRC, Member The Netherands 5. Mr. Anton Eare Manager (capacity buiding), SIWI, Sweden Member 6. Mrs. Verity Corbett Independent Consutant, New Dehi Member 7. Mr. James Wicken Advocacy Officer, Water Aid, Austraia Member 8. Mr. Dara Johnston WES Chief,, Myanmar UNICEF Member 12 Annua Report Annua Report

9 Annexure 4: Financia Highights Annexure 5: Map of India showing areas of Work Water Training to Government Sanitation Training to Government Jammu and Kashmir Training to INGOs Workshops and Conferences Himacha pradesh Punjab Chandigarh Uttarancha Advocacy by Consutations Haryana NCT of Dehi Sikkim Arunacha Pradesh Rajasthan Uttar Pradesh Bihar Assam Nagaand Meghaaya Manipur Gujarat Madhya Pradesh Jharkhand West Benga Tripura Mizoram Daman and Diu Dadra and Nagar Havei Chhattisgarh Orissa Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh Goa Karnataka Andaman and Nicobar Keraa Tami Nadu Puducherry N Lakshadweep W E Sri Lanka 14 Annua Report Annua Report S

10 Background The Stockhom Environment Institute (SEI), Sweden, in coaboration with the WASH Institute, India, has set out on a three-year action research project under a Swedish Internationa Deveopment Agency's (SIDA) Partnership Driven Coaboration grant on deveopment and promotion of sustainabe sanitation soutions in fooded areas. The project wi attempt to examine the sanitation chaenges that the affected communities face and the coping methods they adopt, which shoud faciitate the understanding of ways to promote and impement sustainabe sanitation soutions in foodaffected areas. The objectives of the action research project are; (i) to identify acceptabe, appropriate and functiona sanitation soutions for improved and sustainabe sanitation in fooded areas, (ii) faciitate and support pioting of different technoogies, (iii), generate and m a n a g e k n o w e d g e, ( i v ) s u p p o r t c a p a c i ty deveopment, (v) faciitate increases in sanitation coverage in Bihar through enhanced understanding and poicy promotion, and (vi) disseminate to target audiences in the State of Bihar, India and internationay the findings for wider acceptance and appication. By addressing each of these objectives, the project wi attempt to contribute to enhanced human and environmenta heath by eiminating open defecation in food-affected areas. As such, the project wi contribute to reducing water-borne disease in the worst affected communities. Through demonstration of effective and improved sanitation soutions, the project attempts to faciitate better utiisation of avaiabe resources under the government-sponsored Tota Sanitation Campaign (TSC). Assessment of sanitation conditions In the context described above, SEI and WASH Institute commissioned the consutant Foundation for Greentech Environmenta Systems, New Dehi, to carry out an assessment in five districts across the State of Bihar. The study covered 257 rura househods and 16 schoos. The study focused on four issues and throughout was an effort made to pay attention to cross-cutting gender aspects, especiay, but not excusivey, menstruation hygiene management. The focus issues are the foowing, namey: Current coverage, access, usage and functionaity of atrines constructed under nationa and State sponsored programmes Demand for sanitation services and inks to Annexure 6: Sanitation assessment AN ASSESSMENT OF SANITATION CHALLENGES IN FLOOD-AFFECTED AREAS OF BIHAR AND PROSPECTS FOR ECOSAN agricutura production Chaenges faced, in terms of sanitation and hygiene, by the communities during and after fooding and Sanitation and hygiene practices. Examination of prospects of ECOSAN and safe reuse The action research project basicay focuses on conditions in the Indian State of Bihar, which is predominanty agrarian. Thus, this condition ends itsef we to the approach described as ECOSAN or ecoogica sanitation and aternativey referred to as productive sanitation, which impies safe reuse of humanure in kitchen gardens and biomass production. Thus, the potentia for safe recovery and reuse of pant nutrients, micronutrients, water and soi-enhancing capacity of human excreta is an integra part of the assessment. In this respect, the study assessed the eves of understanding and wiingness of the communities towards adoption of ecoogica sanitation soutions. Key findings When interpreting the assessment it must be remembered that it is not a base-ine study. Such a base-ine study is sti to be prepared for Bihar and India in regard to use of functiona sanitation systems and the consequences of its use or the ack of it on human and environmenta heath. Such a study woud be costy and ceary beyond the scope of the current action research project. It shoud be noted that this Bihar assessment was conducted in such a manner so as to ascertain knowedge on a few essentia issues from seected communities and schoo environments in five districts of which four are reguary fooded ones and one is suffering from water scarcity. Thus, the findings of the assessment can be seen as indicative of what the sanitation and hygiene situations are ike in Bihar. Since there is no simiar study, it is a the same hoped that this wi be usefu for decision-makers, professionas, NGOs, government staff and others in a better understanding of the situation in Bihar. 1. Sanitation coverage and usage The study found the coverage in the study area to be about 28%, with 80% of these faciities constructed with private funding. Significanty, a wide range of chaenges affecting performance of the centray sponsored Tota Sanitation Campaign were identified. The atrines constructed under TSC are generay of a ower quaity and are prone to coapse during fooding events. Indeed, the singe-pit, pour fush design is unsuitabe in an area with shaow groundwater tabe and inappropriate soi conditions. These conditions commony resuts in high eves of bacterioogica contamination, a harmfu process with serious consequences, in poory constructed water suppy wes, which is further acceerated during fooding. It can be noted that within the communities there are exampes of privatey constructed atrines with a better superstructure construction and septic tanks more suited to the oca soi, groundwater conditions and fooding. However, ony 7% of respondents indicated an abiity to afford the costs of these types of atrines. Unfortunatey, the TSC funds are inadequate for the construction needs in food-affected areas. Additionay, with a perception of poor quaity, the community and individuas often return to open defecation or continues with the practice of open defecation. A particuar issue in this context is reated to the disposa of chidren's excreta. Two thirds of the mothers interviewed aow chidren to defecate in the open. In spite of the above, 60% of respondents demonstrated a wiingness to own an individua toiet faciity. 2. Design requirements Ceary, improvement in design and construction of the Tota Sanitation Campaign efforts are of critica importance to create a drive for better acceptance of faciities constructed under its campaign in oca communities. 3. Hygiene, hand-washing and water-borne diseases In genera, the study found that hand washing is common in pace within the communities. Beyond hand washing, however, hygiene practices are restricted by the ack of faciities, in particuar periods of menstruation. Community sanitation bocks coud hep address the issue reated to menstruation hygiene management in providing adequate space and privacy for women and girs who have reached puberty. Issues of hygiene were most ceary demonstrated with two thirds of respondents reporting an incidence of water borne disease within their househod in the ast three months. An integrated campaign of behaviour change communication is ceary required with emphasis on the inks between open defecation, poor hygiene practice, manutrition and disease, incuding morbidity and mortaity. 4. Potentia for safe reuse Being mainy an agrarian community, there is a high eve of interest in sustainabe waste management practices by the respondents particuary for products with an origin in the kitchen or from agricuture. The interviewed communities, therefore, appreciates the potentia benefits of the ecoogica sanitation approach for resource recovery. (See esewhere for safe nutrient recovery from humanure.) ECOSAN coud hep the more economicay disadvantaged popuation to have access to a cheaper source of fertiiser. This, aong with the high demand for sanitation within the community, provides an opportunity to increase demand for coverage and to improve hygiene practices for better human heath and environmenta conditions. However, the ECOSAN approach requires an integration of severa aspects, incuding drawing on the resources avaiabe through the TSC and improving the design for food resistant sanitation systems technoogies, whie understanding the cutura context in order to formuate effective behaviour change programmes. Concusion The uniqueness of the current assessment offers considerabe insights into the areas of sanitation, drinking water resources, hygiene, heath and nutrients. By striving for testing, impementing and communicating the above touched upon opportunities reated to enhanced sanitation services and hygiene practices, the outcome of the SEI/WASH Institute action research project is expected to hep the State of Bihar to impement acceerated sanitation coverage that is functiona and acceptabe to the community. In a wider context, the findings of the project can be disseminated to audiences that is focussing on sanitation, water, hygiene, heath and nutrients in Bihar, in India and internationay. 16 Annua Report Annua Report

11 WAter Sanitation and Hygiene Institute Regd. Off: 5/296, Anandagiri 7th Street, KODAIKANAL , Tami Nadu, India. Ph: , Fax: emai: Patna Off: Sri Krishna Gyan Mandir Campus, West Gandhi Maidan, Patna , India. emai: Mob: