Joint Research Project on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutatns (LTP) in Northeast Asia

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1 Joint Research Project on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollutatns (LTP) in Northeast Asia Young J. Kim Advanced Environmental Monitoring and Research Center (ADEMRC) Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST)

2 Recent Trend in Aerosol Loading (2000~2009) 10 year averaged MODIS AOT annual AOT change rate average increase in aerosol loading over Northeast Asia (~0.03 AOT/year) [personal communication, K.H Lee]

3 Unprecedentedly high level of PM2.5 concentration was observed frequently in Seoul in winter!! [ 22 Jan, 2014 ]

4 PM2.5 in Beijing and Seoul WHO Guideline (25 µg/m 3 ) WHO Guideline (25 µg/m 3 ) Beijing (2013/11/ /03/31) Seoul (2013/11/ /03/31) PM 2.5 (Ave ± std) : ± µg/m 3 PM 2.5 (Ave ± std) : ± µg/m 3 PM 2.5 (Max) : 671 µg/m 3 PM 2.5 (Max) : 112 µg/m 3 PM 2.5 > 250 µg/m 3 (days / total) PM 2.5 > 25 µg/m 3 (days / total) PM 2.5 > 25 µg/m 3 (days / total) 17/151 (11.3%) 129/151 (85.4%) 67/151 (44.4%)

5 The LTP Project - The Long-range Trasboundary Air Pollutants (LTP) in Northeast Asia : International joint research project among Korea, Japan, and China started in year 2000 as a government-based air pollution research framework - Main objectives a) contribute to laying a foundation for the research on LTP b) improve our scientific understanding of LTP c) provide science-based information to policy-makers Monitoring state of long-range air pollution transport rate estimation model validation Modeling long-range transport patterns source-receptor relationship high concentration episodes forecasting Emission inventories 5

6 Organization Supported by National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Korea LTP Expert Meeting Secretariat Working group Sub-working group for Monitoring ground-based measurement continuous and intensive advanced monitoring Sub-working group for Modeling SR Modeling estimation of emissions

7 Tri-Country-Participants

8 Phase of LTP project LTP Activities International cooperation for improving air quality in Northeast Asia The 1 st phase ( ) - Establish foundation for joint research - Establish LTP concentration and emissions databases - Develop a modeling system The 2 nd phase ( ) - Estimate emissions from three countries - Monitoring and modeling study - S-R relationships among three countries 8

9 Phase of LTP project LTP Activities International cooperation for improving air quality in Northeast Asia The 3 rd phase ( ) - Research on the impacts of ambient PM 2.5 and ozone - Update the emission data of major air pollutants (SO 2, NO X, NH 3, CO, VOCs, PM 10 ) The 4 th phase ( ) - Monitoring and modeling of PM 2.5 and its precursors - Intensive campaigns ( ) - summary report for policy makers 9

10 Major achievements The 1 st phase of joint research ( ) Rishiri Dalian Seoul Oki Gosan Xiamen 6 monitoring sites : continuous & intensive measurements Modeling for sulfur deposition 10

11 Major achievements The 1 st phase of joint research ( ) Monitoring activities for SO 2, NO 2, O 3, PM 10, ion components Korea (Seoul, Gosan) China (Dalian, Xiamen) Japan (Rishi, Oki) PM 10 O O O PM 2.5 O O O Trace gases O - O Ions O - O Elements O

12 Major achievements The 2 nd phase of joint research ( ) Monitoring Monitoring for SO 2, NO 2, O 3, PM 10, PM 2.5, and ion components Annual mean SO 2 trends in Korea 12

13 Major achievements The 3 rd phase of joint research ( ) Monitoring Continuous monitoring for SO2, NO2, PM10, and ionic components Chemical characteristics of atmospheric aerosol according to atmospheric conditions (Deokjeok Island) PM 2.5 mass_deokjeok CL LTP AD Concentration (μg/m 3 ) unknowns NHSO NHNO SS OMC EC FS NHSO and OMC dominantly increased. 13

14 Major achievements The 3 rd phase of joint research ( ) Modeling Investigated Source-Receptor relationships for total nitrate and sulfur 5 Regions for estimating S-R relationship 14

15 Major achievements The 3 rd phase of joint research ( ) Modeling Investigated Source-receptor relationships for total nitrate and sulfur Contribution ratio Korea China Japan Average Japan -> Korea (9.5%) China -> Korea (25.8%) Korea (68.7%) 15

16 Modeling Comprehensive validation Major achievements The 3 rd phase of joint research ( ) 16

17 The 4 th phase of joint research ( ) Agreements on the 4 th Phase of joint research The 17 th Expert Meeting on LTP project [19-21 November 2014, Yeosu, Korea] 17

18 Monitoring The 4 th phase of On joint going research work ( ) - Additional monitoring site Total 8 sites Tuoji island (Bohai Sea) Rishiri * 砣矶島 大连市 Ganghwa Taean Oki Gosan 厦门市 - Continuous and intensive measurements - PM 10, PM 2.5, O 3, NO 2, SO 2, ions, elements 18

19 The 4 th phase of joint research ( ) Modeling The 3 rd phase (5 Regions) The 4 th phase China 5: NEC, NC, EC, SSWC, NWC Korea 2 : S. Korea, N. Korea Japan 1 : Japan (8 Regions) 19

20 Summary LTP in Northeast Asia is an international joint research project among Korea, Japan, and China LTP aims to understand the state of air quality in Northeast Asia through international cooperation The reports with the final results of LTP are provided for policy makers Extended International collaboration on air quality in Northeast Asia is highly recommended (e.g., joint research, joint campaign, data exchange, workshop, and etc.) 20

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