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1 Study Island Copyright 2017 Edmentum - All rights reserved. Generation Date: 04/06/2017 Generated By: Aron Zender Title: EOC Review - Heredity 1. The diagram below shows a polypeptide chain folding to become a protein with a compact, 3- dimensional structure. The final shape of a protein is determined by the sequence of its amino acid residues. What determines this amino acid sequence? A. the number of nucleotides in the DNA template B. the sequence of nucleotides in the polypeptide C. the sequence of nucleotides in the DNA template D. the number of nucleotides in the polypeptide 2. Many traits, such as body size and metabolic rate, are widely variable throughout a population because A. they are not influenced by genes in any way. B. they are influenced by more than one gene. C. they are influenced by a single gene. D. they cannot be influenced by environmental factors. 3. A scientist takes some of the genes from one organism and places them into another organism in order to express a desired trait. What is this process called? A. genetic engineering

2 B. genetic flow C. gene mapping D. gene pooling 4. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 5. The height of an adult horse is a polygenic trait. This means that the trait is A. controlled by more than one gene. B. controlled only by the form of the gene inherited from the mother. C. completely controlled by a single gene. D. controlled only by the form of the gene inherited from the father. 6. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 7. DNA provides the blueprint for the synthesis of proteins. A is a segment of DNA that codes for one particular protein. A. genome B. gene C. chromosome D. trait 8. A diagram demonstrating the process of protein translation is shown below.

3 The structure labeled with a question mark in the diagram represents A. a vacuole. B. a mitochondrion. C. a chloroplast. D. a ribosome. 9. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 10. Which of the following techniques separates molecules based on size? A. gel electrophoresis B. gene therapy C. polymerase chain reaction D. creating transgenic organisms 11. The diagram below depicts a cellular process.

4 The process shown above occurs during A. sexual reproduction. B. active transport. C. asexual reproduction. D. diffusion. 12. Gregor Mendel, pictured below, is considered by many to be the father of A. genetics. B. pharmacology. C. microbiology. D. evolution. Image courtesy of Wikipedia. 13. Genes can sometimes be exchanged between homologous chromosome pairs. This process is known as crossing-over. Which of the following statements is true of crossing-over? Only one gene may be exchanged at a time during crossing-over. A. Crossing-over always results in a non-beneficial mutation. B. Crossing-over contributes to genetic diversity or variation. C.

5 The gene for eye color can be exchanged with the gene for hair color during crossing-over. D. 14. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 15. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 16. Gregor Mendel is often called the "father of modern genetics" for his study of inheritance in pea plants. How did Mendel identify the genetic variation within the pea plants? A. by examining the DNA of the pea plants under high-powered microscopes B. by studying the roots of the pea plants C. by observing and comparing the physical features of the pea plants D. all of these 17. During the process shown above, the two strands of one DNA molecule are unwound. Then, DNA polymerases add complementary nucleotides to each strand which results in the formation of two identical DNA molecules. This process is known as DNA.

6 A. transcription B. translation C. replication D. cloning 18. Lisa breeds snakes. She bred a solid brown male python with a tan female python whose body was covered with a black diamond pattern. Upon hatching, all of the baby pythons were brown with a faint diamond pattern. Which of the following inheritance patterns most likely determined the color of Lisa's baby pythons? A. sex-linked B. codominance C. autosomal dominant-recessive D. incomplete dominance 19. Protein molecules are composed of long chains of. A. ribosomes B. RNA C. DNA D. amino acids 20. In which of the following ways does genetic information typically flow in an organism? A. DNA RNA proteins B. RNA proteins DNA C. DNA proteins RNA D. proteins RNA DNA 21. The Punnett square below represents a cross that produced two plants with orange flowers.

7 If the orange color of the flowers is a result of incomplete dominance, what color were the flowers on the parent plants? A. orange and orange B. red and orange C. red and yellow D. yellow and orange 22. Which of the following is a source of genetic variation in sexually-reproducing organisms? A. mitosis B. meiosis C. translation D. all of these 23. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 24. The discovery that traits have dominant and recessive varieties of is contributed to A. Gregor Mendel. B. Rosiland Franklin. C. Francis Crick. D. Charles Darwin. 25. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format.

8 26. A small, flowering plant has white flowers with bright red spots on them. When this flowering plant is self-pollinated, it produces new plants with either red flowers, white flowers, or white flowers with red spots. What is the most likely explanation for this phenomenon? The red flower allele is dominant to the white allele. A. The red flower allele is recessive to the white allele. B. The red flower allele is incompletely dominant to the white allele. C. The red and white flower alleles are codominant. D. 27. Gene therapy is an artificial means of altering genetic material. Why might gene therapy be performed? A. to try to become more emotionally stable B. to try to break a bad habit C. to try to produce a negative effect D. to try to cure a genetic disorder 28. Cell differentiation occurs when various genes are expressed to a different extent in different cells. What does it mean for a gene to be "turned off," or not expressed? A. The RNA for that gene is not translated into protein. B. That gene is removed from the cell's DNA. C. The proteins sequenced by that gene are broken down inside the cell. D. Transcription into RNA does not occur for that gene. 29. The genetic information that is passed from a parent to its offspring is found in. A. carbon atoms B. amino acids C. hydrogen bonds D. DNA molecules 30.

9 Which of the following is true regarding the process shown above? The process shown above is known as replication and involves the production of DNA from RNA. A. B. The process shown above is known as cloning and involves the production of RNA from protein molecules. C. The process shown above is known as translation and involves the production of proteins from RNA. D. The process shown above is known as transcription and involves the production of proteins from DNA. 31. DNA contains instructions for making the different molecules that a cell needs to grow and function. For example, is made by. A. mrna; translating DNA B. a protein; translating mrna C. mrna; transcribing proteins D. a protein; transcribing mrna 32. The main purpose of DNA is to store information. Where is information stored within a DNA molecule? A. in the phosphate groups

10 B. in the deoxyribose C. in the sequence of nitrogen bases D. in a single nucleotide 33. Cats have a gene that codes for the color of their fur. Suppose that a certain breed of cat can have black, gray, or white fur. Black fur is dominant, white fur is recessive, and gray fur is intermediate (i.e., cats with gray fur possess one allele for black fur and one for white fur). If a gray cat and a white cat have kittens, what phenotypes could the kittens exhibit? A. gray or white fur B. only gray fur C. black, gray, or white fur D. black or white fur 34. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 35. It is possible for an organism to inherit a gene with two dominant alleles. What is a gene with two dominant alleles that are expressed at the same time? A. codominant B. heterozygous C. polygenic inheritance D. incompletely dominant 36. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 37. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 38. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format.

11 39. Chimpanzees are primates whose ABO blood group functions just like the ABO blood group seen in humans. If a juvenile chimpanzee has type O blood, which of the following mating pairs could be the chimpanzee's parents? Pair Mother's Type Father's Type 1 A B 2 O A 3 AB O 4 B AB A. pair 1 or 2 only B. pair 1, 2, 3, or 4 C. pair 2, 3, or 4 only D. pair 3 or 4 only 40. DNA mutations can lead to genetic disorders, diseases, or even the death of an organism. Which of the following factors is most likely to cause a mutation in DNA? A. intake of large amounts of lipids B. intake of large amounts of carbohydrates C. exposure to extreme temperatures D. exposure to toxic chemicals 41. Every year millions of crops are lost due to pests. In recent times, however, scientists have learned that they can insert a gene into the DNA of specific crops that gives them a higher pest-resistance than normal. This technology allows farmers to have higher crop yields and increases the supply of valuable food sources. This technology is an example of A. gene splicing. B. binary fission. C. crossing over. D. DNA transcription. 42. A frame shift mutation is a genetic mutation that is caused by the insertion or deletion of a specific number of nucleotides that shifts the reading frame of the sequence. The insertion or deletion of how many nucleotides would cause a frame shift mutation?

12 A. 6 B. 9 C. 2 D Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 44. Which of these is true about DNA, proteins, and the expression of genetic traits? Proteins bind to DNA, which activates them and forces them to express certain traits. A. DNA is mutated by a chemical passed from parents to offspring to form proteins that express traits. B. C. Enzymes break down DNA, releasing amino acids that join to form proteins and express various traits. Genes in DNA code for the production of proteins, which cause traits to be expressed. D. 45. All living organisms share some similarities in the chemical and structural properties of their DNA. These similarities allow scientists to transfer portions of DNA from one organism to another. The diagram below shows one process through which scientists transfer DNA.

13 What is this process called? A. spontaneous generation B. forensic toxicology C. recombinant DNA technology D. selective breeding 46. The shape of a protein is determined by A. the sequence of amino acids that compose the polypeptide. B. the lipid concentration in the immediate environment. C. the type of cell in which the protein was synthesized. D. all of these 47. In 1996, a group of scientists in Edinburgh, Scotland announced they had successfully cloned the first mammal a sheep by the name of Dolly. Dolly was genetically identical to the sheep from which DNA had been taken for the cloning procedure.

14 Four clones made using Dolly's DNA. Genetically, they are identical to Dolly. Although cloning was a scientific breakthrough that held the potential for many beneficial applications, such as cloning organs for transplants or saving endangered species, it became apparent that the technology was not perfect. Dolly only lived six years before she had to be euthanized from complications of advanced lung disease and arthritis. What does the story of Dolly suggest about cloning? I. Cloning may have useful medical and agricultural applications in the future. II. The process of cloning is ready to be used with humans. III. Current cloning procedures may result in organisms with genetic disorders or other health problems. IV. Cloning has the potential to be a controversial technology. A. III and IV only B. I and II only C. I, III, and IV only D. II only 48. Which of the following statements is true of the process shown below?

15 The cells formed at the end of the process contain the same number of chromosomes as the original A. cells. B. The cells formed at the end of the process are identical to the original cells. C. The cells formed at the end of the process do not contain any of the genetic material from the original cells. D. The cells formed at the end of the process only have half of the chromosomes as the original cells. 49. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 50. What does gene linkage mean? A homologous chromosome pair did not separate into different gametes during meiosis. A. Inheritable traits are linked to the sequence of nucleotides in genes. B. Genes that are located on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together. C. The phenotype and genotype of organisms can be predicted if the genes of the parents are known. D. 51. A genetic mutation that causes a codon that should code for a specific amino acid to be changed into a stop codon results in a shortened protein product and is known as A. a chromosomal mutation. B. a nonsense mutation. C. a silent mutation. D. a frame shift mutation. 52. Errors that are made during DNA replication may result in A. mutations. B. radioactive decay. C. a viral infection. D. identical twins. 53. Body cell mutations cannot be passed on to offspring. This is because body cells do not contribute genetic material to

16 A. daughter cells. B. each other. C. non-mutant cells. D. sex cells. 54. Sometimes, during the process of replication, the DNA code is copied incorrectly, and an incorrect nucleotide is attached to the new strand of DNA. This incorrect copy is known as a A. mutation. B. codon. C. duplicate. D. protein. 55. The first commercial application of genetic engineering was the use of bacteria to make insulin, a medicine needed by many people with diabetes. Before the use of genetically-engineered bacteria, insulin had to be harvested from the pancreases of slaughtered animals. How has genetic engineering most likely improved the lives of diabetics? It has made the incidence of diabetes decrease. A. It has made it easier for diabetics to inject themselves with insulin. B. It has made the demand for insulin decrease. C. It has made insulin cheaper and more readily available. D.

17 56. A gene is a segment of DNA that codes for a particular protein. One DNA molecule typically contains thousands of genes. So, in order to fit into the nucleus of a cell, DNA molecules must be wound around proteins into structures known as. A. cytoplasms B. chromosomes C. chloroplasts D. cytoskeletons 57. After protein translation is complete, the newly-formed polypeptide A. breaks down the RNA molecules that helped form the polypeptide. B. moves to the mitochondrion, where it is broken down to form ATP. C. embeds itself on the surface of a ribosome, which carries it back to the nucleus for alterations. D. folds into a three-dimensional structure due to the interaction of neighboring amino acids in sequence. 58. Which of the following best describes a sex-linked trait? A. a trait determined by a gene located on an individual's Y chromosome only B. a trait determined by a gene located on an individual's X chromosome only C. a trait determined by a gene located on an individual's X or Y chromosome D. a trait whose expression depends on whether an individual is male or female 59. During meiosis, homologous chromosomes frequently exchange portions of their DNA. This process increases the number of different genotypes that an offspring can inherit. What is the name of this process? A. mutation B. genetic transfer C. crossing-over D. transduction 60. Jose is growing pea plants in his garden. He notices that some plants have green pods, while others have yellow pods. He researches the species he planted and finds that green pods are dominant to yellow pods.

18 According to Mendel's law (principle) of dominance, which of the following statements can be said with certainty? I. The plants with yellow pods do not have an allele for green pods. II. None of the plants with green pods has an allele for yellow pods. III. The plants with yellow pods are displaying incomplete dominance. IV. The plants with green pods might be homozygous or heterozygous for pod color. A. II only B. III only C. III and IV only D. I and IV only 61. Trey goes to a rabbit farm to look at a litter of newborn rabbits. The newborns are all different colors. They are gray, black, white, light brown, and dark brown. What type of inheritance pattern are these rabbits likely displaying? A. incomplete dominance B. codominance C. multiple alleles D. dominant-recessive 62. Which organism did Gregor Mendel's research involve? A. round worms B. bacteria C. pea plants D. fruit flies 63. Approximately 40 percent of cats with white fur and blue eyes are completely deaf. In cats with one blue eye and one eye of a different color, deafness occurs only on the blue-eyed side. White fur, blue eyes, and deafness are linked to a single pleiotropic gene in cats. Based on the information above, it can be concluded that pleiotropy occurs when A. a trait is not influenced by genes. B. one trait is influenced by many genes. C. one gene influences multiple traits.

19 D. a trait is influenced by both genes and environment. 64. In the living world, there is a great deal of genetic variation. The genetic information of dogs differs from the genetic information of cats; the genetic information of plants differs from the genetic information of bacteria; the genetic information of a child differs from the genetic information of his or her father; and so on. Which of the following is least likely to be a source of genetic variation among living organisms? A. sexual reproduction B. meiosis C. asexual reproduction D. mutations 65. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 66. A female dog affected by the recessive, X-linked disorder hemophilia mates with an unaffected male. If this cross results in a single male puppy, what is the probability that the puppy will be affected by hemophilia? A. 0% B. 50% C. 25% D. 100% 67. How do mutations lead to genetic variation? A. by producing random changes in an organism's genetic code B. by changing the organism's behavior C. by changing the organism's appearance D. by changing the way that the organism reproduces 68. A recessive gene located on the X chromosome is the cause of color blindness in affected individuals. Males are more likely to be colorblind than females because

20 A. males have two copies of the X chromosome. B. females have no copies of the X chromosome. C. color blindness is associated with high testosterone levels. D. males have only one copy of the X chromosome. 69. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 70. The chart below shows the codons that make up the genetic code and the sequence of nucleotides that corresponds to them. A mistake during DNA replication leads to a mutation in the nucleotide sequence shown below.

21 This mutation results from the insertion of two nucleotides into the original sequence, which causes the reading frame of the sequence to change. This kind of mutation is known as A. a nonsense mutation. B. a frame shift mutation. C. a silent mutation. D. a chromosomal mutation. 71. Humans possess two alleles, or variations, for each gene. The alleles may be the same, or they may be different. When humans reproduce, their alleles are separated and independently sorted into different gametes, or sex cells. So, when sex cells randomly combine during fertilization to produce offspring, there is A. a decreased risk of mutation. B. a high probability of producing a clone. C. an increase in genetic variation. D. a low probability of survival. 72. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 73. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 74. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format.

22 75. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 76. Look at the picture of the gel shown below. Which of the following is shown by this gel? A. The size of various molecules or fragments of DNA. B. The size of each individual DNA base. C. The sequence of nucleotides in a molecule. D. The number of strands of DNA in a molecule. 77. The diagram above shows the process of recombinant DNA technology. According to this diagram, segments of DNA can be cut using. A. plasmids

23 B. enzymes C. bacterial cells D. vectors 78. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 79. Which of the following is true about DNA mutations? Mutations can only be caused by environmental factors such as radiation. A. Mutations can only occur in the body cells of an organism. B. Mutations can spontaneously occur during DNA replication. C. Mutations can only occur in the sex cells of an organism. D. 80. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 81. A population of deer gets exposed to a pesticide that produces mutations in one of the following types of cells. In which type of cell will a mutation be most likely to alter the make-up of the population? A. blood cell B. brain cell C. sperm cell D. muscle cell 82. During sexual reproduction, gametes, or sex cells, are produced through the process of meiosis.

24 How many chromosomes should be in each cell labeled with an X? A. 32 B. 8 C. 16 D A student encounters a plant bearing small, purple flowers in the wild. The size of the flowers and the purple color are determined by two separate genes. The genes for both small size (S) and purple color (P) are dominant to large size (s) and white color (p), respectively. The student wants to determine the genotype of the newly isolated plant. Crossing to which of these plants would provide the most information in one generation? A. SSPP B. sspp C. SSpp D. SsPp 84. Which scientist is most noted for his research on inheritance patterns in pea plants? A. Louis Pasteur B. Gregor Mendel C. Jane Goodall D. Lynn Margulis

25 85. In the 1800s, the Austrian monk Gregor Mendel used pea plants to study patterns of heredity. He observed that traits were inherited in certain, repeating ratios. Which of the following hypotheses did Mendel form as a result of his observations? A. Organisms only inherit one copy of a gene for each trait. B. Organisms always display the same traits displayed by its parents. C. Organisms inherit two copies of a gene for each trait, one from each parent. D. Organisms can inherit up to four copies of a gene for each trait. 86. A genetic mutation that does not result in a change in the amino acid sequence of the resulting protein is called A. a chromosomal mutation. B. a silent mutation. C. a nonsense mutation. D. a frame shift mutation. 87. is a source of genetic variation that refers to a random error in the genetic code. A. Meiosis B. Mitosis C. Fertilization D. A mutation 88. A parent DNA molecule replicates, resulting in two daughter DNA molecules. Which of the following is true? A. Each daughter molecule contains two DNA strands from the parent molecule. B. Each daughter molecule contains four total strands of DNA. C. Each daughter molecule contains two new strands of DNA. D. Each daughter molecule contains one DNA strand from the parent molecule. 89. What is occurring in the diagram below?

26 A. Sister chromatids are separating. B. Segments of DNA are crossing over. C. Genes are replicating. D. Alleles are independently assorting. 90. A codon is a set of three nucleotides that correspond to a specific amino acid. The table below shows various DNA codons and their corresponding amino acids. Amino Acid Alanine Arginine Asparagine Aspartic Acid Cysteine Glutamic Acid Glutamine Glycine Histadine Isoleucine Leucine DNA Codon(s) GCT, GCC, GCA, GCG AGA, AGG, CGT, CGC, CGA, CGG AAT, AAC GAT, GAC TGT, TGC GAA, GAG CAA, CAG GGT, GGC, GGA, GGG CAT, CAC ATT, ATC, ATA CTT, CTC, CTA, CTG, TTA, TTG Lysine AAA, AAG Methionine (Start) ATG Phenylalanine TTT, TTC Proline CCT, CCC, CCA, CCG

27 Serine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine Valine Stop TCT, TCC, TCA, TCG, AGT, AGC ACT, ACC, ACA, ACG TGG TAT, TAC GTT, GTC, GTA, GTG TAA, TAG, TGA Two strands of DNA are identical except for one codon. As a result, they code for slightly different proteins. Based on the information in the table above, which of the following statements could be true? A. One strand contains a CCC codon instead of CCA. B. One strand contains a CAC codon instead of CTC. C. One strand contains a CGC codon instead of CGG. D. One strand contains a ACG codon instead of ACA. 91. Once DNA was shown to be the primary genetic material of life, a race among scientists took place to work out its structure. Which concept came from studying the amounts of each DNA base in different organisms? A. the relationship between DNA and RNA B. codon-amino acid pairings C. double helix structure D. complementary base-pairing 92. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 93. DNA replication occurs rapidly. For example, approximately 50 nitrogenous bases are added to a DNA strand each second in humans. In bacteria, this occurs even faster with 1000 bases being added each second. At such speeds, errors can occur, and some bases are copied incorrectly. Even so, a human cell is able to replicate its DNA with only one mutation for every 50 million bases copied. Bacteria experience mutations much more frequently because the speed of their DNA replication is 20 times faster than that of a human. To reproduce, bacteria clone themselves through an asexual process called binary fission. Why, then, are bacterial colonies still able to adapt to new environments? A. Asexual reproduction allows offspring to adapt without being genetically different from their parents.

28 B. Sexual reproduction always results in offspring that are genetically different from their parents. C. New genetic combinations resulting from mitosis allow offspring to be genetically different from their parents. D. Viable errors during DNA replication allow offspring to be genetically different from their parents. 94. A mutation occurs in a brain cell. This mutation will be passed on to A. neighboring brain cells. B. offspring. C. other body cells. D. cells produced when the mutant cell divides. 95. A scientist shines low levels of ultraviolet radiation on a dish containing colonies of ruby-red bacteria. He then makes several replicate plates from this dish over many generations. He finds that in addition to the ruby-red color, there are also pink, orange, and yellow bacteria. Which of the following is the best explanation for these findings? One bacterial colony changed its color to better blend in to the media. A. B. Mutations occurred in the gene for color of the bacteria, which were passed on to successive generations. Natural selection produced the changes in the bacterial color. C. The scientist selected new types of bacteria by making plates of successive generations over time. D. 96. The table below shows the codons that make up the genetic code and the sequence of nucleotides that corresponds to them. To determine which amino acid corresponds to a codon, find the row matching the first RNA nucleotide, the column matching the second nucleotide, and the specific codon containing the third nucleotide.

29 What sequence of amino acids would be coded by the following set of nucleotides? AGU AUA UCG CGU UGU A. Arg, Thr, Lys, Thr, Gly B. Arg, Leu, Ser, Asn, Stop C. Ser, Ile, Ser, Arg, Cys D. Ser, Met, Leu, Gln, Cys 97. Technology Enhanced Questions are not available in Word format. 98. The table below shows the codons that make up the genetic code and the sequence of nucleotides that corresponds to them. To determine which amino acid corresponds to a codon, find the row matching the first RNA nucleotide, the column matching the second nucleotide, and the specific codon containing the third nucleotide.

30 What sequence of amino acids would be coded by the following set of nucleotides? AUG CCU ACG UGG GAC A. Met, Pro, Thr, Trp, Asp B. Ile, Gln, Lys, Stop, Glu C. Ile, Pro, Leu, Cys, Glu D. Met, His, Ile, Stop, Asn 99. During meiosis, the process of crossing over results in new combinations of alleles because A. genetic material is added by a third chromosome during this process. B. genetic material always mutates randomly during this process. C. genetic material is removed during this process. D. genetic material is exchanged between chromosomes during this process DNA contains instructions for making the different molecules, such as proteins, that a cell needs to grow and function. To use these instructions, the DNA must first be into. A. translated; amino acids

31 B. transcribed; amino acids C. transcribed, mrna D. translated; mrna 101. The chart below shows the codons that make up the genetic code and the sequence of nucleotides that corresponds to them. A mistake during DNA replication leads to a mutation in the nucleotide sequence shown below.

32 What kind of mutation will result from the mistake made during DNA replication in the nucleotide sequence above? A. a frame shift mutation B. a chromosomal mutation C. a nonsense mutation D. a silent mutation 102. The chart below shows the codons that make up the genetic code and the sequence of nucleotides that corresponds to them. A mistake during DNA replication leads to a mutation in the nucleotide sequence shown below.

33 What kind of mutation will result from the mistake made during DNA replication in the nucleotide sequence above? A. frame shift mutation B. chromosomal mutation C. nonsense mutation D. silent mutation 103. Which of the following is an example of gene splicing? a segment of human DNA is inserted into the DNA sequence of a bacterium A. a genetically identical copy of an entire organism is produced through cloning B. a mutation that occurs during meiosis results in a chromosomal abnormality C. two human chromosomes pair up during meiosis and exchange parts of their DNA D Rhesus macaques are monkeys whose ABO blood group functions just like the ABO blood group seen in humans. Jennifer is trying to determine the blood types of two Rhesus macaques she cares for at the zoo. She knows that the blood type of their only offspring is O. After asking her coworker, she finds out that the mother's blood type is A. However, her coworker cannot remember the blood type of the father. Which of the following blood types could the father have? I. A II. B

34 III. AB IV. O A. II or III only B. I or III only C. I, II, or IV only D. I, II, III, or IV Answers 1. C 2. B 3. A A B 8. D A 11. A 12. A 13. C C 17. C 18. D 19. D 20. A 21. A 22. B A D 27. D 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. C 33. A A A 40. D

35 41. A 42. C D 45. C 46. A 47. C 48. D C 51. B 52. A 53. D 54. A 55. D 56. B 57. D 58. C 59. C 60. D 61. C 62. C 63. C 64. C D 67. A 68. D B 71. C A 77. B C C 82. C 83. B 84. B 85. C 86. B 87. D 88. D 89. B 90. B 91. D D 94. D 95. B 96. C

36 A 99. D 100. C 101. C 102. D 103. A 104. C