Vegetable Breeding Consortium for Africa

Transcription

1 Vegetable Breeding Consortium for Africa Thomas Dubois African Seed Trade Association (AFSTA) special interest group on vegetables 28 February 2016, Dakar, Senegal

2 the World Vegetable Center founded in 1970, and in Africa since 1992 Central & West Asia and North Africa work along the entire value chain: flagship 1: seeds that perform flagship 2: safe & sustainable value chains flagship 3: healthy diets flagship 4: enabling impact Central America Africa South Asia East & Southeast Asia Headquarters Oceania non-profit organization global public goods

3 WorldVeg s genetic diversity the world s largest vegetable collection (60,387 accessions) 440 species from 151 countries

4 seed distribution (using 2014 as an example) contribution of WorldVeg s genebank to the use of vegetable diversity worldwide: 6,727 unique samples NGOs 4% Priv. comp./individ. 2% Universities 14% AVRDC-HQ 15% AVRDC-RC 3% AVRDC-HQ AVRDC-RC NARES Seed companies 17% NARES 45% Seed companies Universities NGOs Priv. comp./individ. 6,000-8,000 genebank accessions and breeding lines dispatched annually worldwide >300,000 accessions in the last 40 years

5 global vegetables traditional vegetables bulb allium amaranth Ethiopian mustard tomato African nightshade roselle vegetable soybean cucurbits okra African eggplant crucifer mungbean pepper jute mallow

6 WorldVeg breeding locations Mali Cameroon Tanzania India Thailand Taiwan

7 WorldVeg s breeding: roles develop and distribute tropically-adapted lines to public and private sectors develop traits identify and introgress useful alleles from genebank accessions into elite lines multiple disease/pest resistance heat, salinity tolerances phytonutrients generate and publish information critical traits improve selection efficiency train graduate, undergraduate students, seed professionals

8 tomato example: research topics insect resistance (whitefly, thrips, fruitworm, Tuta absoluta) evaluate whitefly-resistant S. pimpinellifolium, S. galapagense accessions to Tuta absoluta, thrips mechanisms of resistance (metabolites and trichomes) mapping insect resistance and introgression ongoing tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) resistance effectiveness of different Ty gene combination; TYLCD+ insect resistance bacterial wilt resistance fine-map Bwr-6; find additional resistance genes in H7996, L285 late blight resistance map Ph-4 from S. pimpinellifolium L3708; find other resistance in S. pimpinellifolium, S. habrochaites heat tolerance characterize heat tolerance sources, design markers linked to traits associated with heat tolerance

9 WorldVeg and the private sector: mutual benefits WorldVeg germplasm accessions and breeding lines scientific information (traits, screening protocols, marker protocols, scientific literature) researcher training benefits to private sector improved cultivars / source of key traits (disease resistance, heat tolerance) improved breeding efficiency enhanced breeding capacity

10 WorldVeg and the private sector: mutual benefits WorldVeg germplasm accessions and breeding lines scientific information (traits, screening protocols, marker protocols, scientific literature) researcher training benefits to private sector improved cultivars / source of key traits (disease resistance, heat tolerance) improved breeding efficiency enhanced breeding capacity enhanced benefits to WorldVeg research expanded in key topics trait priories & research direction fine-tuned improved breeding efficiency private sector consortium, with funding information sharing (emerging problems, key traits, protocols) breeding material

11 APSA vegetable breeding consortium The signing of this consortium in December 2016 represents not only a significant opportunity for participating members, who will gain access to cutting-edge breeding resources developed by WorldVeg, but stands to serve as a pro-active and effective response to regional and global food security challenges Ms. Gallant, CEO

12 how the APSA vegetable breeding consortium works funds: APSA offers subscriptions to its members companies

13 how the APSA vegetable breeding consortium works funds: APSA offers subscriptions to its members companies focus: tomato, pepper, cucurbits

14 how the APSA vegetable breeding consortium works funds: APSA offers subscriptions to its members companies focus: tomato, pepper, cucurbits obligations from WorldVeg: (1) demonstrate outputs and shares results from field trials that test WorldVeg breeding lines for specific traits determined by the consortium; (2) one workshop per year

15 how the APSA vegetable breeding consortium works funds: APSA offers subscriptions to its members companies focus: tomato, pepper, cucurbits obligations from WorldVeg: (1) demonstrate outputs and shares results from field trials that test WorldVeg breeding lines for specific traits determined by the consortium; (2) one workshop per year obligations from consortium seed companies: (1) joint determination of traits (WorldVeg determines traits after suggestion from member seed companies); (2) regular feedback from evaluation trials of improved breeding lines for specific traits; (3) data on annual seed sales and information on which traits from WorldVeg were used for each variety

16 how the APSA vegetable breeding consortium works funds: APSA offers subscriptions to its members companies focus: tomato, pepper, cucurbits obligations from WorldVeg: (1) demonstrate outputs and shares results from field trials that test WorldVeg breeding lines for specific traits determined by the consortium; (2) one workshop per year obligations from consortium seed companies: (1) joint determination of traits (WorldVeg determines traits after suggestion from member seed companies); (2) regular feedback from evaluation trials of improved breeding lines for specific traits; (3) data on annual seed sales and information on which traits from WorldVeg were used for each variety benefit to consortium seed companies: (1) early access to WorldVeg replicated PYT (at least 6 months before general public); (2) free information flow from breeders; (3) annual workshop; (4) preferential access to other WorldVeg training opportunities

17 how the APSA vegetable breeding consortium works funds: APSA offers subscriptions to its members companies focus: tomato, pepper, cucurbits obligations from WorldVeg: (1) demonstrate outputs and shares results from field trials that test WorldVeg breeding lines for specific traits determined by the consortium; (2) one workshop per year obligations from consortium seed companies: (1) joint determination of traits (WorldVeg determines traits after suggestion from member seed companies); (2) regular feedback from evaluation trials of improved breeding lines for specific traits; (3) data on annual seed sales and information on which traits from WorldVeg were used for each variety benefit to consortium seed companies: (1) early access to WorldVeg replicated PYT (at least 6 months before general public); (2) free information flow from breeders; (3) annual workshop; (4) preferential access to other WorldVeg training opportunities IA and IP: we honor ITPGRA and Nagoya Protocol. WorldVeg adheres to the principle of unrestricted availability of the genetic resources it holds in its genebank

18 vegetable breeding consortium for Africa few companies breed hybrids in/for Africa, and private sector much less developed greater focus on capacity building (small companies) assistance to penetrate untapped markets (e.g. from Benin, through TAAT) role of AFSTA inclusion of traditional African vegetables (okra, amaranth, hibiscus, African eggplant)

19 beyond the consortium: bilateral light green cylindrical smooth non-bitter dark green spindle spiny very bitter light green spindle spiny non-bitter white Taiwan, India Thailand South Asia Vietnam

20 beyond the consortium: bilateral light green cylindrical smooth non-bitter dark green spindle Spiny very bitter light green spindle Spiny non-bitter white Taiwan, India Thailand South Asia Vietnam hybrids (Galactica, Galaxy, Best, Palee, Bonito, Prachi, and Mestisa)

21 beyond the consortium: bilateral light green cylindrical smooth non-bitter dark green spindle Spiny very bitter light green spindle Spiny non-bitter white Taiwan, India Thailand South Asia Vietnam African bittergourd Mozambique

22 bittergourd seed company partnership The lines developed by WorldVeg represent a broader genepool due to their development from the global collection of bitter gourd maintained at the WorldVeg genebank Seed companies have invested to achieve advanced access to elite pre-breeding lines WorldVeg demonstrates 400 bittergourd breeding lines during open field days powdery mildew resistance inbred lines with yield/fruit quality comparable to commercial hybrids through recurrent selection

23 questions