Bell Work. 2.Look at these two nucleotide sequences: ATTGCGCCGTA and ATTGCGCAGTA. What type of mutation is shown in the second sequence?

Transcription

1 Bell Work 1.What does a pedigree show? 2.Look at these two nucleotide sequences: ATTGCGCCGTA and ATTGCGCAGTA. What type of mutation is shown in the second sequence? 3.What is the mutation called when a piece of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches backwards?

2 Bell Work 1.What does a pedigree show? inheritance of a trait 2.Look at these two nucleotide sequences: ATTGCGCCGTA and ATTGCGCAGTA. What type of mutation is shown in the second sequence? 3.What is the mutation called when a piece of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches backwards?

3 Bell Work 1.What does a pedigree show? inheritance of a trait 2.Look at these two nucleotide sequences: ATTGCGCCGTA and ATTGCGCAGTA. What type of mutation is shown in the second sequence? substitution 3.What is the mutation called when a piece of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches backwards?

4 Bell Work 1.What does a pedigree show? inheritance of a trait 2.Look at these two nucleotide sequences: ATTGCGCCGTA and ATTGCGCAGTA. What type of mutation is shown in the second sequence? substitution 3.What is the mutation called when a piece of a chromosome breaks off and reattaches backwards? inversion

5 Karyotype Quiz List 2 things karyotypes identify Define autosome Sex chromosomes for male? female? Total number of chromosomes for humans? pairs? Match the following: 1. Down s syndrome 2. Edward s syndrome 3. Crit du chat 4. Kleinfelter s syndrome 5. Fragile X syndrome a. #5 Chromosome upper arm is broken b. Extra X chromosome (XXY); only in males c. Extra #21 chromosome d. X chromosome appears to be broken e. Extra #18 chromosome

6 Identify the sex and explain the disorder

7 DNA Finger Printing

8 DNA Finger Printing 1.DNA Extraction:

9 DNA Finger Printing 1.DNA Extraction: DNA is separated from everything else

10 DNA Finger Printing 1.DNA Extraction: DNA is separated from everything else 2.Because DNA is too long, it is into using restriction enzymes.

11 DNA Finger Printing 1.DNA Extraction: DNA is separated from everything else 2.Because DNA is too long, it is cut into using restriction enzymes.

12 DNA Finger Printing 1.DNA Extraction: DNA is separated from everything else 2.Because DNA is too long, it is cut into smaller pieces using restriction enzymes.

13 DNA Finger Printing 1.DNA Extraction: DNA is separated from everything else 2.Because DNA is too long, it is cut into smaller pieces using restriction enzymes. 3.Fragments are by gel electrophoresis.

14 DNA Finger Printing 1.DNA Extraction: DNA is separated from everything else 2.Because DNA is too long, it is cut into smaller pieces using restriction enzymes. 3.Fragments are separated by gel electrophoresis.

15 DNA Finger Printing 1.DNA Extraction: DNA is separated from everything else 2.Because DNA is too long, it is cut into smaller pieces using restriction enzymes. 3.Fragments are separated by gel electrophoresis. 4.The patterns on the gel can be compared.

16 Gel Electrophoresis

17 Gel Electrophoresis DNA fragments are placed on a special gel, and separated using an electric current.

18 Gel Electrophoresis DNA fragments are placed on a special gel, and separated using an electric current. Smaller pieces move towards the bottom quicker.

19 Gel Electrophoresis DNA fragments are placed on a special gel, and separated using an electric current. Smaller pieces move towards the bottom quicker. Bands can be compared to determine a match.

20 Gel Electrophoresis DNA fragments are placed on a special gel, and separated using an electric current.

21 Gel Electrophoresis DNA fragments are placed on a special gel, and separated using an electric current.

22 Gel Electrophoresis There are two types of questions you might see.

23 Gel Electrophoresis There are two types of questions you might see. Suspect Who s the killer?

24 Gel Electrophoresis There are two types of questions you might see. Suspect Who s the killer? Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2

25 Gel Electrophoresis There are two types of questions you might see. Suspect Who s the killer? Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2

26 Gel Electrophoresis There are two types of questions you might see. Suspect Who s the killer? Perfect match

27 Gel Electrophoresis There are two types of questions you might see. Suspect Who s the killer? Paternity Who s the daddy? Perfect match

28 Gel Electrophoresis There are two types of questions you might see. Suspect Who s the killer? Paternity Who s the daddy? Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Perfect match

29 Gel Electrophoresis There are two types of questions you might see. Suspect Who s the killer? Paternity Who s the daddy? Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Perfect match

30 Gel Electrophoresis There are two types of questions you might see. Suspect Who s the killer? Paternity Who s the daddy? Closest match, because Perfect match only half the DNA comes from the father

31 Who s the killer? Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2

32 Who s the killer? Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2

33 Who s the killer? Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2

34 Who s the killer? Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2

35 Who s the killer? Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2 Evidence Suspect 1 Suspect 2

36 Who s the daddy? Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2

37 Who s the daddy? Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2

38 Who s the daddy? Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2

39 Who s the daddy? Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2

40 Who s the daddy? Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2 Child Daddy 1 Daddy 2

41 Practice 1. A condition is autosomal recessive. The pedigree shows the inheritance of this condition in the family. Which of the following is the likely genotype of individual 1? a. ee b. Ee c. X e Y d. X E X E

42 Practice 1. A condition is autosomal recessive. The pedigree shows the inheritance of this condition in the family. Which of the following is the likely genotype of individual 1? a. ee b. Ee c. X e Y d. X E X E Autosomal: not a sex chromosome

43 Practice 2. The pedigree shows the inheritance of a genetic condition over two generations. Which set of numbered individuals has the greatest chance of producing a child that is affected by this condition? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

44 Practice 3. Look at these two nucleotide sequences: ATTGCGCCGTA & ATTGCGCGTA. What type of mutation is shown in the second sequence? a. substitution b. insertion c. deletion d. radiation

45 Practice 4. Which of the following would be least likely to cause a gene mutation? a. exposure to x-ray radiation b. exposure to ultraviolet radiation c. exposure to tobacco smoke d. exposure to loud noises

46 Practice 5. During meiosis, part of chromosome 5 breaks off and attaches to chromosome 6. What is this mutation called? a. deletion b. substitution c. duplication d. translocation

47 Practice 6. What can a karyotype be used for? a. predict genetic disorders in future generations b. show an abnormal number of chromosomes c. prove paternity d. link a suspect with a crime scene

48 Practice 7. What does a gene mutation often result in? a. incorrect coding of a protein b. a more serious chromosome mutation c. a recessive trait passed on to offspring d. a dominant trait passed on to offspring

49 Practice 8. The DNA fingerprint results from four dogs and a puppy are shown. If the puppy is to be registered, the father must be known. Which of the following dogs would be the puppy s father? a. Dog #1 b. Dog #2 c. Dog #3 d. Dog #4