Investigation of Flexibilization of Biogas Production Status quo of Technology and Economy

Transcription

1 Investigation of Flexibilization of Biogas Production Status quo of Technology and Economy Jaqueline Daniel-Gromke, Tino Barchmann, Eric Mauky, Marcus Trommler Conférence biogaz sur la vente directe et le financement en France et en Allemagne Ministère de l'environnement, de l'énergie et de la Mer (MEEM) Paris 13/10/2016

2 Anzahl installierte Leistung [MW el ] Portfolio - Biogas Plants in Germany Anzahl kumuliert Leistung kum. [MWel] Stand 8/2015 End of 2015: ~ 8,500 biogas plants with an installed capacity of ca. 4.5 GWel (including expansions without extra yield of electricity); (capacity based on BNETZAdata-basis and own estimation); 70% of the installed capacity in direct marketing; 8/2015: flexible operation of ~3,000 CHP (biogas and biomethane (!) with an overall capacity of 1.7 GWel Source: (1) DBFZ, 2016; (2) Scheftelowitz et al., Stromerzeugung aus Biomasse

3 Approaches for Flexibility on Biogas Plants Processus de méthanisation Power-to-Gas Centrale de cogénération Électricité Power-to-Heat Puissance excédentaire Courbe de charge Puissance nominale de la centrale de cogénération Substrat Digesteur Stockage de gaz Chaleur Heure de la journée [h] Épuration du biogaz & injection dans le réseau Gestion de l alimentation Stockage de produits intermédiaires Capacité supplémentaire stockage, centrale de cogénération, TIC Biométhane Power to gas, power to heat Approches de flexibilisation Quelle: Trommler, M.; Barchmann, T. (2014): Flexible Biogaskonzepte im Wirtschaftlichen Vergleich. In : Thrän, D.; Pfeiffer, D. (Hrsg.): Festschrift. Konferenz 5 Jahre BMU-Förderprogramm Energetische Biomassenutzung. 3

4 Electrical capacity Electrical capacity Quality of Flexibility Limited flexibility Time (h) Prognosis step Flexibility on demand Time (h) 4

5 Leistung/Power P [kw] Momentanreserve Different Market Options for Flexible Operated Biogas Plants Max Min k Instantaneous reserve Systemdienstleistungen System service Minutenreserveleistung Tertiary operating reserve Flexibilisierung zur Strommarktoptimierung Flexible operation for power market optimization innertägig intraday ganztägig day-ahead wöchentlich weekly längerfristig longer-term Zeit/Time 30 s 5 min 15 min 60 min 12 h 36 h 7 d 1 a Nutzungsbereich Gasspeicher Utilization for gas storage Nutzungsbereich Fütterungsmanagement Utilization for feeding management Ⅰ Ⅰ+Ⅱ Ⅴ Ⅵ Different market options with different requirements for participation Biogas plants have individual constructive and operational design which define the limits of flexibility Ⅲ Ⅲ+Ⅳ Untersuchungsgegenstand Object of investigation Source: Barchmann et al. 2016: Erweiterung der Flexibilität von Biogasanlagen Substratmanagement, Fahrplansynthese und ökonomische Bewertung (accepted) based on Dezera,

6 Flexibilization of (existing) AD Plants Financial incentives for Fexibilization Flexibilization premium (for plants commissioned before August 2014: 130 /kw/a for additional capacity 10 years; EEG 2014: new plants 40 /kw for total capacity 20 years) Revenues through direct marketing: - EPEX, market value of electricity price; - Market premium with market management premium from grid operator Additional revenues for providing power - in times of high energy prices (EPEX Spot market e.g. day-ahead, intra-day) or - system service (e.g. secondary operating reserve and minutes reserve) Increased overall efficiency Cost factors for Flexibilization CAPEX (CHP, gas-, heat storage, peripherals, grid connection, transformer) Planning, authorization, commissioning Extra efforts for maintenance and repair, stand-by -losses 6

7 Revenues for Flexibility - Example of an 500kW Biogas Plant upgraded to 1MW 70% 1% 2% Market value of electricity at EPEX Spot SE Difference of feed-in tariff and EPEX Spot market value 20% 10% Model plant: Share of Revenues for flexibilization of a biogas plant; installed capacity increase from 500 kwel to 1000 kwel 7% Additional revenues by direct selling Management premium Additional revenues from EPEX Spot SE or balancing markets Flexibility premium Source: DBFZ,

8 Cost for Flexibility - Example of an 500kW Biogas Plant upgraded to 1MW Share of technology-investment which is necessary for a flexibilization of a biogas plant; installed capacity increase from 500 kwel to 1000 kwel Source: DBFZ,

9 Project RegEnFlex Flexibilization Substrates Storage demand Storage demand Biogas CHP-2 CHP-2 Idea and CHP Challenge + CHP Flexible BioGAS production = very unsteady feeding + use of different degradable substrates Source: Mauky et al. 2015, Model predictive control for demand-driven biogas production 9

10 Feeding Management vs. Gas Storage Demand Additional revenues from EPEX vs. Additional cost for gas storage in comparison to the reference case (500 kwel without flexible operation) Source: Based on Barchmann et al. 2016: Erweiterung der Flexibilität von Biogasanlagen Substratmanagement, Fahrplansynthese und ökonomische Bewertung (accepted) 10

11 Project RegEnFlex - Summary A prognosis of biogas production by dynamic models was possible in a good way Substrate management is increasingly appropriate to reduce the additional demand for gas storage especially for longer-term planning horizons (up to 45% saving of gas storage demand) regarding schedule organizations resp. it allows a far higher flexibility of the plant The flexible operation allows to generate higher marketing revenues on the European Power Exchange (EPEX Spot SE) (depending on the electricity prices!!!) Additional revenues from EPEX depend on kind of schedule: weekly schedule up to 50 % higher additional revenues compared to standard schedule The flexible feeding is economically more advantageous than the continuous feeding if there are no additional costs (e.g. as caused by an advanced feeding system). Source: Final report RegEnFlex, Mauky et al. 2015; Mauky et al. 2015, Model predictive control for demand-driven biogas production 11

12 Conclusion / Outlook Different energy markets require different qualities of flexibility Whether and how to flexibly biogas plants can not be answered in general, no concept is per se economically advantageous compared to status quo Flexible plants get more complex revenue from system integration needs to pay off for that Uncertainty: development of electricity market prices, fluctuations, other users of surplus energy Flexibilization gives the opportunity to modernize existing AD plants to contribute to the safeguarding of energy supplies in future Research Biogas Plant at DBFZ, Foto: Paul Trainer 12

13 Researching the energy of the future come and join us! Contact: Jaqueline Daniel-Gromke Department Biochemical Conversion Team leader system optimization Tel. +49(0) DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH Torgauer Straße 116 D Leipzig Tel.: +49 (0)