Flood Forecasting System

Transcription

1 Welcome to Han River Control Office Flood Forecasting System Hwirin Kim River Information Center, HRFCO, MLTM Republic of Korea

2 Contents 2 2

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4 Precipitation and Runoffs Average yearly precipitation: 1,245 mm (1. 4 times higher than the world average) Per capita annual precipitation: 2,591 m³ (1/8 of the world average) 1. 4 times higher than the world avg. 880 mm 1,245 mm World avg. Korea avg. Yearly precipitation 1/8 of the world avg. 19,635 2,591 World avg. Korea avg. Per capita annual precipitation 75% of precipitation and runoffs are concentrated from Jun. to Sep. Precipitation concentrated in Summer repeated floods and droughts 20,000 18,000 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000-1 월 2 월 3 월 4 월 5 월 6 월 7 월 8 월 9 월 10 월 11 월 12 월 Average monthly runoff (Unit: million m3 )

5 Overview of Rivers in Korea Relatively short and highly sloped Large peak discharge Wide flow fluctuation (avg. coefficient of river regime=300) * Coefficient of river regime = maximum flow/ minimum flow (Thames 8, Seine 23, Rhein 18) Altitude Colorado Han Seine Mekong Nak-Dong Flow (m 3 /s) Han Tennessee Distant from the river mouth Slope (km) Flood hydrograph day

6 Status of Basin Five Major Basins Han River : 35,770 km 2, length 494 km Nakdong River : 23,384 km 2, length 510 km Geum River : 9,912 km 2, length 398 km Seomjin River : 4,912 km 2, length 224 km Yongsan River : 3,468 km 2, length 137 km

7 Water Resources Total water resources(1,240, 100%) (unit : 100million m3 /year) Runoff(723, 58%) Loss(517, 42%) Runoff during floods (522, 42%) Runoff during normalcy (201, 16%) Runoff to sea (386, 31%) River maintenance (123, 10%) Dams (177, 14%) Groundwater (37, 3%) Total usage(337, 27%)

8 Increase in Localized heavy rain & flood Increase in frequency of heavy rain over 100mm per 1 day (1.7 times to 1970 s) Annual average frequency of disaster : Increase from 5. 3 (1940~1970) to 8. 8(1980~ 1999) Since 2000, increase sharply in damages caused by typhoons such as RUSA (in 2002) and MAEMI(in 2003) 100mm Rainy 이상 days 강우발생일수 over 100mm 강수일수 Rainy days 경향성 Trend 연 Year 도

9 Annual Trends by water-related disasters Increase in economic damages since the last of 1980s Human damage Damage cost (billion won) Year Trend in Damages from in1916 to in 2007

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11 PROJECT BACKGROUND Heavy Rains Flood Damage Annual flood damage: US$ 2.2 billion vs. restoration expenditure: US$ 3.5 billion Vicinity of the Nakdong River 4

12 Records on Floods in the past Water Management Exhibition Hall in Han River FCO

13 Historical Records related to Water 22년 (438) 여름 4월에우두군 ( 牛頭郡 ) 에산골물 [ 山水 ] 이갑자기이르러 50여채의집이떠내려갔다. 서울에큰바람이불었고우박이내렸다. (Flood History) Records about floods : 33 Shinra Dynasty : 24 Goguryo Dynasty : 6 Baekje Dynasty : 3

14 Historical Records related to Water 비가내리었다. 이보다앞서오랫동안가물었는데, 임금이왕위에오르자억수같이비가내리니, 백성의마음이크게기뻐하였다. (Drought History) Records about floods : records with specific numbers Emperor sejong 13 th (yr 1431) Nov. - a local governor who did not move the peoples live lower area was punished -> Prepare for natural disaster

15 Historical Flood Damage 1950s -1950: Flooding by Typhoon -1958: Flooding by Typhoon -1959: Flooding by Typhoon Flooding of Yeongduk county of kyeongbuk province by typhoon Sarah(1959 )

16 Historical Flood Damage 1960s -1963: Typhoon Shirley and Ves -1964: Heavy rain in the central region -1965: Severe drought until June, -1969: Big flood in Geum river system 1961 : River law 1967 : Natural disaster countermeasures law Flooding of Han river in 1963 Funeral ceremonies for student to die by flooding(1963)

17 Historical Flood Damage 1970s -1970: Typhoon Olga, Billie -1972: Heavy rain (big flood science 1925) -1975,1976,1977,1979: Heavy rain, Typhoon, Storm surge Bridge demolition by typhoon Judy (Jeju island) Inundation by heavy rainfall in 1970 (Gangwon)

18 Historical Flood Damage 1980s Levee breaking by heavy rain (Chungnam province) -1980: Heavy rain -1984: Heavy rain -1987: Typhoon Thelma Demolition of bridge and levee by Typhoon Thelma (Chungcheong)

19 Historical Flood Damage 1990s -1990: Heavy rain -1991: Typhoon Gladys -1998: Local heavy rain, Flash flood -1999: Typhoon Olga Inundation by heavy rain in 1996 (Gyeonggi, Paju) Damage by flash flood( 1998) (Daewonsa vally, Jiri moutain)

20 Historical Flood Damage 2000s : Local heavy rain : Typhoon Rammasun, Rusa : Typhoon Maemi : Local heavy rain Inundation by typhoon Rusa(2002) (Gimhae) Damage by Typhoon Maemi (2003)

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22 Han River Flood Control Office Climate Change Floods Droughts Rising Temperature 지역단위 Road Show 개최 Torrential rainfall 1.7 times increase Restriction of water supply in ,000 Household Temperature increased by 1.5 We aim to protect people s lives and properties from floods and droughts 7

23 4 Flood Control Offices Han River FCO opened in 1974 Han River Basin Imjin River Urban rivers Anseong Stream Geum River FCO opened in 1990 Youngsan River FCO Opened in 1991 Geum River Basin Sabgyocheon Gabcheon Youngsan River Mankyeong River Dongjin River Seomjin River Tamjin River Nakdong River FCO Opened in 1987 Nakdong River Hyeonsan River Teahwa River

24 Han River Flood Control Offices (HRFCO) : Opening Han River FCO : Establishing River Information Center Installation & Operation of facilities for hydrological survey Flood & Drought forecast Permission of Water use Water resources information

25 Han River FCO Organization Director Management Section Investigation Section Telecommunication Section River Information Center Personnel/ document & account Information manag. Telecommunication faculty management Flood forecasting & system management Development & operation of faculty for Hydrological survey Permission of water use Radar Op. Technical development of flood forecasting Providing & analyzing hydrological data River discharge management Water resources information

26 Flood Forecast sites and Dams Flood Forecast in total 37 sites around the country Han River basin : 10 points 10 dams at Han river basin, 3 dams have the flood control capacity FCO approve the dam release amount & time

27 Hydrological Survey Water station Rainfall station Radar Station location of Han River FCO total Han Riv FCO Nakdong Riv FCO Geum River FCO Youngsan Riv FCO Water level St. Rainfall gaging st. Rainfall Radar in Imjin River Rainfall Radar in Mt. Biseul

28 Rainfall Radar 2009 : Mt. Biseul, Rainfall radar instollation basin 2010 : Mt. Mohu, Mt. Sobaek under designed Han River Nakdong River Geum River ` Youngsan River Others 백암산속초가리산강릉삼척검단산울진소백산서대산 비슬산 Cont 모후산 Period 2004~ ~ small radar will be installed during 2013~2015 S band : coverage 100km X band : coverage 50km

29 Hydrological Survey Hydrological Data Transmission in 260 stations Every 10 min VHF, CDMA, VSAT Real-time Video Monitoring by CCTV - Installations & Operations in 16 main stations CCTV Networks

30 Hydrological Survey Real-time Video Monitoring Hangang Bridge Yeoju Bridge

31 Flood Forecasting System After predicting the level of river flood, Flood forecast and Warning announces citizens and related officials. So they can be prepared! Flood Watch : 60% Above Flood water level Flood Warning : 80% Above Flood water level Director General Technical Consulting Team Flood Forecast Team Technical Support Team

32 Flood Forecasting System Han River : 10 stations

33 Flood Forecasting System Hydrological Investigation Real-time Transmission Flood Analysis Forecast Spread Rainfall Water level Rain Radar Dam Inflow/Outflow Every 10 min via ground station communication satellite CCTV Data Exchange KMA, Kwater and other agencies Forecast the flood volume Controlled Dam discharge Forecast the flood level & occurrence time the Central government, local authorities (Seoul and others) Media (TV, Radio, Newspaper)

34 Flood Analysis Program Integrated Flood Forecasting System Flood Forecasting System for urban area Channel Subbasin Channel- Routing Flash Flood Forecasting System using rainfall radar

35 Flood Analysis Program 150 mm additional rainfall Flood Watching level(8.5 m) Max. Level 6.78m recorded expected

36 Flood Analysis Program 250 mm additional rainfall Flood watching level(8.5 m) Max. Level 8.16m recorded expected

37 Flood Analysis Program Total inflow 3.43 billion ton to 3 Major Dam in Han River Basin reserved 1.58 billion ton

38 Forecasting Spread Nationwide T/M station Water level data Rainfall data Dam operating office Water level Outflow Flood Forecast Announcement report Data Collection MLTM Han River FCO Hydrological data collecting Dam inflow Calculation Water volume estimation Water level Forecast report Flood Forecas t Spread Flood Forecasting Announcement Disaster Control Center (MOPAS) Local Authorities including Seoul Local citizens, Police Relevant Agencies 7 including K-w ater Media including KBS

39 Flood Inundation Map Han Nakdong Sample production Nakdong river basin 787km Plan 2007 modified Youngsan 2008 Youngsan river basin 191km Han 2009 Han river 2 sites 2010 Han river 2 sites

40 Water Resources Information Management Han River Flood Control Office Webpage Water resources Management Information System

41 Water Resources Information Management Hydrological Data Quaily Control Real-time data exchange with relevant agencies(kma, Kwater)

42 Water Resources Information Management 14 agencies(including ME), 55 information Water management Information Networking System River geographic data production, collection River Management Geographic Information System

43 Thank You 43 43