The German experience on the way to 100% renewabels

Transcription

1 The German experience on the way to 100% renewabels Member of German Parliament Naypyitaw, Myanmar July 12th, 2017

2 Political challenges Climate warming Peak oil, peak coal, energy security Nuclear and environmental disasters Oil wars, poverty, refugees, economic crises All these challenges are connected with fossil and nuclear energies Renewables will solve these problems

3 Where oil is, is mostly war

4 COP 21: Stop Climate warming at 1,5 C But at todays warming at 1,3 C is already unacceptable: aridity and forest fires, floods and storms, sea level rising The better choice is: Global Cooling

5 ECMWF: Global Warming 2016: 1,3 C Paris goal 1,5 C possibly reached at 2020? What to do then? More Emissions? was-warmest-year-yet-ecmwf-data-show

6 The crises of climate warming & energy dependency can only be solved by two parallel strategies: 1. Stop greenhouse gas emissions (not only a reduction of emissions) switch to 100% renewables completely stop the use of fossil and nuclear energies in energy, chemistry, transport, agriculture 2. Take out carbon from the atmosphere convert plants to humus soil (biocoal) reforest big areas, green the deserts organic agriculture The Target must be 330 ppm CO₂ This leads to global cooling, instead of global warming

7 Worldwide Potential Of Renewable Energy Source : FVS/DLR

8 Political support stimulates renewable growth Share of renewable electricity in Germany 40 Share in Percent Outlook in 2000 for2010: Source: BMWi, AGEE-Stat, BEE

9 Why had Germany the most successful industrial developement of renewable energy Laws by former red-green Parliament since 1999: Feed in tariff for Renewables (EEG) Nuclear phase out law tax exemption for biofuels, strengthened research and education budget, subsidies for renewables, Active promotion by people, companies, NGOs

10 7 Years Energiewende in Großbardorf Inhabitants financed it with cooperative Annual electricity demand 2011: ca kwh Annual supply through RE 2011: ca kwh Annual heat demand 2011 ca kwh Annual supply through REN 2011: ca kwh MdB ( ) Präsident der Energy Watch Group

11 Complete Concepts for 100% Renewables Renewable energy for: heat, cooling, mobility, electricity, industry Wind, solar, hydro, waves, bioenergy, geothermal Storage: hydro pump; batteries, power to gas; ice (heat) storage Big data; smart homes; smart cities Hybrid; electric vehicles

12 Nov 2016, COP22, Marrakech: 48 countries (Climate Vulnerable Forum) decided for 100% RE target More Countries e.g.: Denmark; Sweden; Costa Rica; Iceland; Cape Verde Cities with 100% RE target e.g.: Barcelona; Masdar City; Munich; Masheireb; Downtown Doha; Vancouver; San Francisco; Copenhagen; Sydney; Germany Companies with 100% RE target e.g.: Google, Coca-cola, Ikea, Wallmart

13 Renewable Energy as a Job Engine in Germany Nuclear sector Source: BEE /BMU 2011

14 Avoided Costs by Renewables in Germany in 2012 in bn bn. Avoided External Costs 2012: 11 bn. 14 bn. exta costs RE 10 5 Avoided Import Costs 2012:10 bn. Renewable Energy Sources Act Levies 2012: 14 bn. Source: BEE 0

15 0,35 German reality: expansion of green power improves grid stability 25 0,3 0,25 0,2 0,15 0,1 0,05 0 Blackout of power grid in minutes (SAIDI) Amount of green power in % source: Bundesnetzagentur (2015); rnehmen_institutionen/versorgungssicherheit/stromnetze/versorgungsqualit ät/versorgungsqualität-node.html ; BMU, BEE, bdew

16 Solarpower Gets Cheaper (Development of Feed-in Tariffs for photovoltaic roof systems above 1 MW) in Cent source: EEG 2004, EEG 2009, EEG 2014, BNetzA

17 PV and Wind now cheapest Energy Quelle: studie-photovoltaik-und-windkraft-spaetestens-2030-in-allen-g20-staaten-guenstigste- stromquelle/

18 WEO Photovoltaic: Projections and Reality Reality exceeded all projections of WEO by far. PV, Wind grow much faster than by IEA projected. Nuclear and fossil grow much less than projected Source Energy Watch Group (2015): The projections for the future and quality in the past of the World Energy Outlook for solar PV and other renewable energy technologies.

19 Climate Protection and Energy Security Policies Promoting Renewable Energy and Chemistry & Organic Farming: Climate protection into national constitution Laws for feed-in-tariffs (GET FIT for developing countries) Canceling subsidies for fossil and nuclear energy, fossil chemistry and intensive agriculture Tax relief for renewables Carbon tax Research and education for renewables and organic farming Reducing obstacles for approval Dispose big areas for reforesting and regreening Not successful: Tendering or certificate systems Emission trading

20 Key Points of an Effective Renewable Energy Act (Feed-in Law; EEG) Privileged grid access Feed-in tariff have to be sufficient for an economic operation, differentiated through technologies and size Funding of the feed-in tariff via electricity rate No cap for feed-in of renewable energies Garanteed peroid of renumeration Also: no obstructions by a restrictive permission policy

21 GET FiT GET FiT is the abbreviation of Global Energy Transfer Feed-in Tariffs for developing countries It is a concept for facilitating private sector investments in renewable energies in developing countries Grants are used to supplement the existing FiT mechanism for the first five years First project in Uganda (launch in 2013): 90 mio. US$ over a five year period 125 MW of renewable energies Financed by Deutsche Bank, KfW, Great Britain Source: Deutsche Bank, GET FiT

22 Installed solar home systems in Bangladesh Solarpower helps to reduce poverty Financing: Microcredits Source: Grameen Shakti, SOLAR HOME SYSTEM,

23 Chinas Growth of Solar is tremedous Cumulativ installed Solar in GW 2010: 0, : 77 Official target 2020: 105 Analysts forecast: 180 Source: AECEA, Frank Haugwitz

24 Western Oilcompanies: since oil price decline mostly only losses Source: Energy Watch Group, Werner Zittel

25 Double pitfall for fossil/nuclear business Rising oil/gas/coal/uranium prices Energy consumers switch to renewables Declining oil/gas/coal/uranium prices Financers stop financing State budget on the way to bankruptcy Both leads to economic pressure for fossil/nuclear companies $3.4 trillion fossil fuel assets are flagged for divestment by more than 500 institutions and 2,040 individuals from 43 countries

26 Leonardo di Caprio in Shanghai at Presentation of new BYD E-cars

27 Global Cooling/Globale Abkühlung Strategies for Climate Protection/Strategien gegen die Klimaschutzblockade lobale-abkuehlung Source: Beuth

28 Thank You Very Much for Your Attention!