Pumped Heat Energy Storage. Tony Roskilly Newcastle University

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1 Pumped Heat Energy Storage Tony Roskilly Newcastle University

2 National Facility for Pumped heat energy storage 21 st November 2017 Professor Tony Roskilly Dr Andy Smallbone Sir Joseph Swan Centre for Energy Research

3 Sir Joseph Swan Centre for Energy Research Resilient Infrastructure and systems Intelligent networks and energy storage Electrochemistry and hydrogen Bio-resource production, recovery and use Renewable energy systems Environmental impact assessment and mitigation Building, industrial and transport demand reduction Justice and governance Logistics and planning Clean use of fossil fuel Mechanical and electric power systems Thermal systems and combustion 3

4 Highlighted activity Newcastle, Cambridge, Oxford, UCL and Warwick University - 65m Faraday Battery Institute. 20m UK Centre for Energy System Integration (CESI) Advanced Propulsion Centre Electric Machines Spoke Lead - EPSRC SUPERGEN in Energy Networks Key Partners EPSRC SUPERGENs in Bioenergy, Energy Storage, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell 30m National Institute for Smart Data Innovation CDT in Cloud Computing for Big Data

5 Pumped Heat Energy Storage Compressor Layered Thermal Store Expander Electricity Grid Electrical Motor/Generator Layered Thermal Store

6 Pumped Heat Energy Storage Charging mode Compressor 500 o C Layered Thermal Store 21 o C Expander Electricity Grid Electrical Motor/Generator 21 o C Layered Thermal Store -160 o C

7 Pumped Heat Energy Storage Storage mode Layered Thermal Store Electricity Grid Electrical Motor/Generator Layered Thermal Store

8 Pumped Heat Energy Storage Discharging mode Local high-grade heat services Expander Layered Thermal Store Compressor Electricity Grid Electrical Motor/Generator Layered Thermal Store Local cryogenic & cooling services

9 Production scale prototype Objective Demonstrate the roundtrip efficiency & response times of the large scale prototype Heat pump size 150kW charge 120kW discharge 1000rpm 12:1 compression ratio Storage capacity 600kWh storage Response time Sub-second

10 Thermal Stores Advanced packed bed vessels designed to store thermal energy at 500 C and -160 C. 98% energy recovery. Low cost. Large-scale up to 5000 tons of crushed rock per store. Strong IP: Control of heat transfer within stores. Trade secrets: economic use of high-temperature materials, reliability. Fully assembled thermal stores

11 Heat Pump Unique oil free reciprocating heat pump design with minimal thermal losses. During charging top cylinder compresses (500 C) and bottom cylinder expands argon (-160 C). Novel compressor/expander valve design with very low pressure drop and rapid activation. Very fast control to change valve timing and discharge energy store. Uni-directional rotation during charging and discharging. Designed for long life with low wear rates and minimal component stress. Fully assembled heat pump

12 LCOS [ /kwh] Economic Analysis Scenario 1 Scenario 2 Scenario 3 Assumptions unit technical potential target system conservative estimate Roundtrip efficiency % Specific CAPEX (energy) /kwh electricity charging OPEX CAPEX energy based CAPEX power based 0.00

13 LCOS [ /kwh] Economic Analysis Levelised cost of storage comparison MW/400 MWh; 365 cycles/year; electricity price 3 ct/kwh

14 Future PHES development ETI transfer IP - December Complete PHES prototype commissioning and commence low speed operation and performance analysis - January Commission new valve design and commence full speed operation and performance analysis February Seek funding to design, build and operate 2 MW / 16MWh system

15 Summary PHES costs are potentially highly disruptive to the energy storage market and competitive with pumped hydro and CAES without the geographical constraints. PHES has the capability of grid scale electricity energy storage and also being integrated in to a smart thermal network providing heating and cooling services. National facility for Pumped Heat Energy Storage will complete commissioning of production scale prototype system later this year. Testing and performance evaluation will be completed early next year and funding is currently being sought to design, construct and operate a 2MW / 16 MWh system. The IP and know how for PHES resides in the UK at present.

16 National Facility for Pumped heat energy storage 21 st November 2017 Professor Tony Roskilly Dr Andy Smallbone Sir Joseph Swan Centre for Energy Research