CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PHARMACY Manila * Makati * Malolos

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1 CENTRO ESCOLAR UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF PHARMACY Manila * Makati * Malolos PHARM. BIO. SCI. 3 MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGY 5 units (3 lec; 2 lab) Lec: 3 Hrs./Wk. Lab: 6 Hrs./Wk. Course Number Course Title Credit Unit/s Hours Per Week Philosophy Vision Mission Science and Virtue CEU Vision / Mission CEU is the University of first choice the leading higher education institution fostering excellence in the pursuit of knowledge while engendering personal integrity and social responsibility CEU is committed to: Provide a rich and stimulating academic environment in order to promote creative and scholarly academic pursuits among its faculty and equip students with the knowledge, skills, sound moral values, and an appreciation of arts and culture that will prepare them to become productive and innovative professionals with a commitment to nation building in the context of one world. Enhance the development of higher education in the Philippines through its exemplar academic programs and practices, leadership in professional organizations, and participation in academic consortia; and Contribute to the promotion of human health and well-being through high-quality programs in health professional education, research, and community service. CORE VALUES V - Valuing others, caring for them and empowering them A - Accountability, integrity and trustworthiness L - Lifelong learning as individuals and as an organization U - Unity, teamwork and loyalty E - Excellence in all endeavors S - Social responsibility as citizens of the Filipino nation and of the world Graduates Attributes Lifelong Learner Reflective and Creative Thinker Caring and Trustworthy Citizen Proficient Communicator Competent and Productive Professional Centro Escolar Expected Graduate Attributes (CEEGA) Skills, Knowledge, Attitudes that Escolarian Graduates Possess Learns and works independently as well as collaboratively Translates knowledge generated from research and other sources to improve quality of life Creates new ideas to better understand society Evaluates own thinking, behavior and spirituality for self-growth Thinks critically and creatively Open-minded Solves problems systematically Loves art and shows artistic sensibility Values people and acts in unity with others Commits to social justice and principles of sustainability and respect for diversity Practices good stewardship and accountability Manifests social responsibility by helping improve conditions of those who have less in life or circumstance Articulates ideas clearly for varied purposes and audiences of diverse culture. Listens attentively, engages in meaningful exchange and shares knowledge, values, attitudes and intentions Utilizes effectively appropriate media and information technologies Initiates, innovates better ways of doing things Promotes quality and productivity Page 1 of 10

2 School Vision / Mission Program Vision Mission To become the top provider of professionally competent pharmacist. Guided and inspired by the University s maxim CIENCIA Y VIRTUD the School of Pharmacy is committed to provide its students the necessary knowledge, skills, values and competencies, so they will be professionally competent, legally qualified, morally upright, population and patient-oriented and globally competitive pharmacists. The graduates of the Bachelor of Science in Pharmacy program must 1. Demonstrate a working knowledge of concepts and principles to focus on patientcentered pharmacy practice; 2. Use problem solving skills to prevent or resolve problems within the practice of Pharmacy; School Objectives The CEU School of Pharmacy is committed to the pursuance of the university s philosophy of cultivating the student s mind, spirit and body for service of God, country and family. The school is committed to the development of graduates who: 1. manifest a sense of national identity, cultural consciousness, moral integrity, and spiritual vigor; 2. possess the required knowledge, skills values and competencies in the practice of pharmacy; 3. are committed to safeguard the integrity of the pharmacy profession in order to provide leadership for the nation; 4. possess the research skill needed to advance knowledge for the improvement of the quality of life; and 5. respond effectively to changing societal needs and conditions. 3. Demonstrate effective interpersonal and communication skills in providing pharmaceutical care and patient counselling; 4. Design pharmaceutical care services program with the integration of innovative business/ entrepreneurial strategies; 5. Effectively utilize information and communication technology and demonstrate the ability to retrieve and analyse data to assist in drug information provision, patient care and safety; 6. Evaluate scientific papers on research that lead to the development of drugs for prevention, diagnosis, mitigation and treatment of diseases of man; 7. Practice the profession consistent with ethical, legal, social, economic standards of the pharmacy profession. Course Description: The course deals with microorganisms, particularly those pathogenic to man, and the parasitic helminthes of man their biology, the infections they cause, host response to these infections and their mode of transmission, prevention, and treatment. The course provides laboratory experience in studying microorganisms and parasitic helminthes and utilizing aseptic techniques for microbial control. It also discusses microbiological aspect of the pharmaceutical industry. Special attention is given to: sterilization and disinfection, antibiotics and chemotherapeutic agents. Pre-Requisite/s: Bio. Sci. 105 (Human Anatomy & Physiology with Pathophysiology) Page 2 of 10

3 LECTURE Course Objectives: At the end of the course, the students 1. Cognitive : 1.1 Recognize the people and events involved in the development of microbiology; 1.2 Explain the concepts of microbial structure, replication or growth, and pathogenicity. 1.3 Discuss the human body s immune mechanism in response to foreign organisms. 1.4 Illustrate the characteristic features and mechanisms by which bacteria, fungi and viruses may cause disease. 2. Psychomotor: 2.1 Apply different techniques for the control of pathogenic microorganisms. 2.2 Reform basic microbiological and aseptic techniques in pharmaceutical laboratory. 2.3 Demonstrate the use of different laboratory equipment and procedures in the study of microorganisms. 2.4 Perform aseptic technique and demonstrate appropriate laboratory safety skills for working with chemical and infectious agents. 2.5 Demonstrate mastery of manipulation of microscope and basic microscopic staining for proper visualization of microbes. 2.6 Identify bacteria using both physiological and biochemical assay results. 3. Affective: 3.1 Appreciate the pharmacist s social and professional responsibilities in helping restore or maintain the health of men and animals, and of the high moral and ethical standards that are required of the Pharmacy profession. Course Plan: Program 1. Recognize the different scientists and their contributions in the development and widening of knowledge in the field of Microbiology. 2. Familiarize the four sub-disciples of microbiology. 3. Recognize the different types of microorganisms, their structures and functions. 4. Manipulate the different kinds of microscopes, their principles and proper use. 5. Explore the differences in staining affinity of bacteria as influenced by the differences in their structural characteristics. Unit I. Introduction to Microbiology A. History and Discovery of Microorganisms B. Sub-disciplines of Microbiology I. Bacteriology II. Mycology III. Virology IV. Parasitology C. Types of Microorganisms and their structures I. Prokaryotes II. Eukaryotes III. Viruses D. Microscopy E. Staining Interactive lecture 8 hrs Page 3 of 10

4 1. Illustrate the growth curve of microorganisms. 2. Differentiate the different phases in the bacterial growth curve. 3. Familiarize the different methods used in microbial control and give their respective mechanism of actions. 1. Differentiate the types of bacteria based on the factors that influence their growth. 2. Explain the different sources of bacterial nutrition and energy. 3. Recognize the different factors that influence bacterial growth and multiplication. 4. Demonstrate the techniques in cultivating bacteria in the laboratory using the different types of culture media under suitable environmental conditions. Unit II. Growth, Survival, and Death of Microorganisms A. The Growth Curve B. Methods of Microbial Control a. Physical Methods b. Chemical Methods c. Chemotherapeutic agents Unit III. Cultivation of Microorganisms A. Bacterial Growth Requirements and Multiplication B. Sources of Metabolic Energy Nutrition C. Environmental Factors Affecting Microbial Growth D. Bacterial Cultivation & Isolation Methods Interactive lecture 4 hrs 6 hrs 1. Differentiate the mechanisms of innate from adaptive immune response. 2. Recognize the different cellular basis of the two immune responses. 3. Familiarize with the different families of cytokine; complement system pathway and classes of immunoglobulins in the immune system. 4. Distinguish among the different types of hypersensitivity reactions. Unit IV. Immunology A. Innate Immunity B. Adaptive Immunity C. Cytokines D. The Complement System E. Immunoglobulin es F. Types of Hypersensitivity Reactions Team-based 6 hrs Journals PRELIM Page 4 of 10

5 1. Identify the normal flora found in the different regions of the body. 2. Recognize the different virulence factors that contribute to the pathogenicity of bacteria. 3. Explore the routes of transmission of bacterial infections, their portals of entry/exit and their reservoirs. 1 Explain the different characteristics of bacteria. 2 ify bacteria based on their shapes, response to gram stain, aeration, biochemical and immunologic tests. 3 Recognize the different bacterial infections in terms of their clinical findings and causative agents. 4 Familiarize the antibacterial chemotherapeutic agents suitable for each type of bacterial infection. 1. Identify the different classification of fungi. 2. Describe the different characteristics of fungi infecting man. 3. Discuss the different fungal infections in terms of their clinical findings and etiologic agents. 4. Identify the antifungal agents best suited for each type of fungal infection. Unit V. Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infection A. Normal Microbiota & Microbial Antagonism B. The Infectious Process C. Bacterial Virulence Factors D. Transmission of Disease E. Portals of Entry/Exit F. Patterns & Development of Disease Nosocomial Infections Unit V. Bacteriology A. ification of Bacteria B. Medical Bacteriology I. Upper and Lower Respiratory Infections II. Gastrointestinal Infections III. Infections Caused by Anaerobic Bacteria IV. Sexually-transmitted infections V. Other Medically Important Bacterial Infections C. Antibacterial Chemotherapy Unit VII. Mycology A. General Properties and ification of Fungi B. Growth & Isolation of Fungi C. Types of Fungal Diseases C.1 Superficial Mycoses C.2 Cutaneous Mycoses C.3 Subcutaneous Mycoses C.4 Systemic Mycoses C.5 Opportunistic Mycoses D. Antifungal agents Team-based learning Mnemonics Mnemonics 4 hrs 10 hrs 4 hrs Journals Journals On-line Quiz In-class quiz In-class quiz MIDTERM Page 5 of 10

6 1. Describe the general properties of viruses. 2. Illustrate the pathogenesis of different viral diseases. 3. Differentiate DNA virus from RNA virus. 4. Identify and familiarize the antiviral agents used in the prevention and treatment of viral diseases. 1. Identify the host-parasite relationship of different arthropod vectors that play an important role in the transmission of parasites from a source to a target host. 2. Recognize the differences among parasites based on their morphology, mode of transmission, reservoirs, portals of entry and exit, and host p. 3. Illustrate the life cycle of different human parasites. Unit VIII. Virology A. General Properties of Viruses B. Pathogenesis of Viral Diseases C. Types of Viruses I. DNA viruses II. RNA viruses a. Positive Sense b. Negative Sense D. Antiviral agents Unit IX. Parasitology A. Host-Parasite Relationship B. Endoparasites I. Protozoology II. Helminthology a. Nematodes b. Platyhelminthes i. Trematodes ii. Cestodes C. Ectoparasites Team-based 6 hrs 6 hrs Journals Journals FINAL LABORATORY 1. Understand the nature of work being done in the microbiology laboratory; 2. Understand the proper use and maintenance of the different microbiology apparatus and equipment; 3. Understand the different precautionary measures that must be taken to protect their work, equipment, and most especially themselves from contamination. Exercise I. Introduction to Microbiology laboratory A. Basic Laboratory Work In Microbiology B. Guidelines for Safe Microbiological Practice C. Microbiology Apparatus and Equipment Team-based 4 hrs Manual Illustrations test Practical test class Page 6 of 10

7 1. Know and understand the principles and importance of the different methods of sterilization; 2. Develop and practice the skills in performing aseptic technique in the laboratory; 3. Practice the proper way of handwashing. Exercise II. Principles of Aseptic Technique and Sterilization A. Methods of Microbial Control B. Aseptic Technique 4 hrs Manual Return demonstration At the end of the activity, the students should be able: 1. Know the requirements for successful cultivation of microorganisms 2. Understand and apply aseptic technique in microbial cultivation 3. Prepare culture media for microbial cultivation 4. Grow microbial cultures using the appropriate culture medium and proper inoculation technique Exercise III. Growth and Cultivation of Microorganisms A. Preparation of Culture Media B. Inoculation discussion Flowcharts 6 hrs Manual Library research Return demonstration At the end of the activity, the students 1. Understand the principle of pure culture isolation; 2. Isolate pure culture from their specimen, using various techniques of isolation. Exercise IV. Pure Culture Isolation A. Isolation Using Selective Culture Media B. Isolation Using Our Plate Method C. Isolation Using Spread Plate Method D. Isolation Using Streak Plate Method Team-based 6 hrs Manual Test PRELIM Page 7 of 10

8 At the end of the activity, the students 1. Understand the principles of the different types of microscopy 2. Know the different microscopic techniques and their applications in microbiology 3. Prepare unstained and stained preparations of microbial specimens for microscopic identification 4. Observe various preparations under the microscope. Exercise V. Microscopic Identification of Microorganisms A. Parts of The Microscope B. Different Types of Microscope C. Manipulation of Compound Light Microscope Small group discussion Student Reports 6 hrs Manual Return Demonstration 1. Appreciate the advantages of observing stained bacteria from unstained bacteria; 2. Perform and differentiate staining techniques: simple staining, differential staining and special staining; 3. Identify and classify bacteria stained with differential staining such as Gram staining and acid fast staining; 4. Identify special structures of bacterial cells such as flagella, endospores and bacterial capsules. 1. Know the different biochemical activities of bacteria 2. Identify the products produce in the different bacterial metabolic activities 3. Perform the different biochemical tests that will identify the different types of bacteria 4. Identify and interpret the results of the different biochemical tests. Exercise VI. Principle of Staining A. Simple Staining B. Differential Gram Staining C. Differential Acid Fast Staining D. Special Staining Exercise VII. Biochemical Activities of Bacteria A. Carbohydrate Fermentation B. Organic Nitrogen Metabolism C. Electron Transport Student Reports Team-based learning Student group 6 hrs Manual 6 hrs Manual Library research Return Demonstration Test In-class quiz Page 8 of 10

9 PO5 PO5 At the end of the activity, the students 1. Learn the techniques of bacterial population count; 2. Count bacterial population present in a given sample. At the end of the activity, the students 1. Give the importance of antibacterial agents 2. Evaluate the susceptibility of bacteria to selected chemotherapeutic agents among the increasing arsenal of antibiotics; 3. Identify the tremendous problems that can be caused by indiscriminate or badly controlled antibiotic usage At the end of the activity, the student 1. Learn the techniques of testing for microbial limit in a given pharmaceutical preparation; 2. Prepare and compute for the dilution factor of the serial dilution of the sample being tested; 3. Count and bacterial population present in a given sample Identify the basic structures of molds; 2. Differentiate molds from yeast; 3. Determine the microscopic characteristics that differentiate pathogenic yeast from Saccharomyces Exercise VIII. Determination of Microbial Growth A. Standard Plate Count B. Spectrophotometric Method Exercise IX. Antibiotic Sensitivity Test A. Culture and Sensitivity Test B. Controlling Growth of Microorganisms Exercise X. The USP Microbial Limit Test A. Microbiological Standard Methods of the Pharmacopoeia Total Aerobic Microbial Count Total Combined Yeast and Mold Count (TYMC) Bio burden Test Exercise XI. Fungi A. Microscopic Examination of Fungi Molds Yeasts Team-based learning Student Presentation Student Report Small Case Presentation 3 hrs Manual 6 hrs Manual 4 hrs Manual 2 hrs Manual reference Library research test MIDTERM Practical test Recitation In-class quiz Page 9 of 10

10 1. Identify the basic structures and parts of the viruses; 2. Determine the mode of transmission Exercise XII. Viruses A. Parts and Structures of a Virus B. Mode of Transmission of Viral Infection Case Presentation Student Report 2 hrs Capstone Activities conduct research on the subject, case study presentation, laboratory data and results Grading Scheme: cut off: 70% Participation: recitation, unit tests, quizzes, projects, s, assignments, etc) weight of 2.00 Comprehensive / Summative Examination (first, second and third) weight of 1.00 : Textbook Jawetz, Ernest & Levinson, Warren. Medical Microbiology. 26 th ed. (USA: Appleton & Lange, 2013). Manual: Ching, MW., Carreon, A.G., Limuaco, Om., Montemayor, Ss. Microbiology Laboratory for Pharmacy Students (CEU Manila, 2012) References: Tortora, Gerard, Brdel R. Funke and Christine L. Case Microbiology An Introduction.11 th ed. (NY: Benjamin/Cumings Publishing Co., Inc. 2012). Case, Christian L. and Ted R. Johnson. Laboratory Experiments in Microbiolgy.3 rd ed. (NY: Benjamin/Cumings Publishing Co., Inc., Belizario, Vicente Y. and Juan Antonio A. Solon. Philippoone Textbook of medical Parasitology. (University of the Philippines, Manila, 2000). Clancy, John, Jr., Basic Concepts in Immunology. (NY Mc-Graw-Hill Co., 2000). Engelkirk, Paul G. and Janet Duben- Engelkirk. Burton s Microbiology for the Health Sciences 9 th edition.(lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011). Ingraham, John L. and Catherine A. Ingraham. Introduction to Microbiology. 3 rd ed. (Singapore: Thomson /Cole, 2004). Pommerville, Jeffrey C. Alcamo s Fundamentals of Microbiology. 10 th edition. (Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2012). Talaro, Kathleen Park. Foundations in Microbiology. 8 th edition. (McGraw- Hill International, 2005). References: Manual In-class quiz FINAL Prepared by: Date: Approved by: Date: CECILIA D. SANTIAGO, Ph. D. Pharmacy REGINA A. JAZUL, MS Pharmacy, Pursuing Ph. D Pharmacy MARIA DONNABELLE U. DEAN, Ph. D. Pharmacy PENUEL P. DAVID, MS Pharmacy, Pursuing Ph. D Pharmacy BRYAN DE PADUA, Pursuing MS Pharmacy REYSAN COSAS, Pursuing MS Pharmacy APRIL 28, 2015 DR. CECILIA D. SANTIAGO DEAN, SCHOOL OF PHARMACY JULY 13, 2015 Page 10 of 10