Solar Process Heat: Prospects & Challenges

Transcription

1 Solar Process Heat: Prospects & Challenges Beyond electricity: Opportunities for CSH for heat & steam generation in industry Pedro Horta Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE , CSP Markets, System Value & Financing, Dubai

2 Sectors Heat for Industrial Processes Heat related Final Energy Consumption (FEC) in industry [1] comparable to Transport or Building sectors. Distribution: Energy-Intensive (EI) sectors 54%, Non-EI 46% 2 [1] Adapted from IEA - International Energy Agency (2014). Statistics: Energy Balance Flows.

3 Suitable Solar Thermal technologies Heat for Industrial Processes Solar collector technology vs. required process temperature 3

4 110 C-130 C Design procedures Solar integration Dilemma: less resistance to integration at supply level vs. lower temperatures in integration at process level 50 C-90 C P3 50 C 15 C-30 C 80 C-120 C 160 C-180 C P2 80 C P1 160 C 4

5 Temperature levels Heat for Industrial Processes Heat requirements in industry occur at different temperature levels in different sectors [2]: ~ 50% HT; ~ 50% MT + LT EI sectors HT (>400 C) 42,5 EJ LT (<150 C) 24,5 EJ Non-EI EI MT (150 c-400 C) 18,1 EJ 5 [2] International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), calculations by Deger Saygin based on IEA source [2] (2014)

6 Existing projects Market penetration SHIP systems database [3]: 213 projects listed, 129 MWth installed capacity (0.18 million m 2 ) < 1% installed solar thermal capacity [3] [4] Mostly small/medium size systems (<500 m 2 ) Largest capacity in large systems (>1000 m 2 ) Stationary technologies dominate in nr. systems and capacity Recent survey [6] points out > 500 SHIP systems with total installed capacity > 280 MWth (0.4 million m2) 6 [3] AEE-INTEC, Database for applications of solar heat integration in industrial processes. ( ). Accessed February 2017 Fraunhofer [4] SOLRICO, ISE Bärbel Epp, Solar Process Heat: Surprisingly popular. Sun&Wind Energy. (online )

7 Existing projects Examples tracking Tracking technologies Services MTN Johanesburg, S.Africa Linear Fresnel Aperture: 396 m2 Application/End Use: Air conditioning Oper. Temp.: 180 C Commissioning : 2014 Dairy El Indio, Mexico Parabolic Trough Aperture: 132 m2 Application: Make-up water pre-heating Oper. Temp.: 95 C Commissioning : 2012 Industrial Solar [5] Inventive Power S.A. de C.V. [6] 7 [5] [6]

8 Existing projects New applications Tracking technologies Sundrop Farms Project, Port Augusta, Australia Central Receiver, m2 aperture Solar driven cogeneration: (1,7 Gwhe + 20 GWhth)/year Miraah Solar EOR Pilot Project, Amal, Oman Parabolic Trough in greenhouse Status: Delivered first steam (Pilot), construction ongoing Pilot: 6 ton steam / day Full-scale: 1.0 GWth, 6,0 ktons steam/day, 3 km2 (1.9 aper) AALBORG CSP [9] [7,8] Petroleum Development Oman / Glasspoint Industrial Solar 8 [7] MIT, Technology Review, Arab Edition. [8] Fraunhofer [9] ISE

9 Challenges Learning curve and technology costs The successful story of PV [9] SHIP CSP Each doubled installed capacity stood for 20 % technology cost reduction A factor 10 in 25 years! 9 [9] adapted from Navigant Consulting; EUPD PV module prices (since 2006), Graph: ISE 2014

10 Challenges Current technology costs Current cost range and NG benchmarking [15] [14] [16] 10 [14, 16] adapted from Database for applications of solar heat integration in industrial processes. ( ). AEE-INTEC. Accessed February 2017 Fraunhofer [15] adapted ISE from Stryi-Hipp, G. et al., Strategic Research Priorities for Solar Thermal Technology. Renewable Heating and Cooling European Technology platform and World Bank, Commodity Markets, Price forecasts and Annual prices. Online October 2016

11 Challenges Current technology costs Current cost range and NG benchmarking [11] [10] [12] 11 [10,12] adapted from Database for applications of solar heat integration in industrial processes. ( ). AEE-INTEC. Accessed February 2017 Fraunhofer [11] adapted ISE from Stryi-Hipp, G. et al., Strategic Research Priorities for Solar Thermal Technology. Renewable Heating and Cooling European Technology platform and World Bank, Commodity Markets, Price forecasts and Annual prices. Online October 2016

12 Conclusions Prospects and Challenges Prospects Heat supply to industry stands worldwide for a very large market There is political pressure and drive towards industrial decarbonisation Available Solar Thermal technologies suit 50% of these heat requirements (LT, MT) CSP companies acknowledge this market and are already moving towards it Challenges Point-focus technologies addressing HT processes Balance of Plant concepts and integration on steam networks Lighter hidraulic costs and requirements Centralized storage and heat supply systems Hybridized concepts towards full decarbonisation Connection to electric grid and district heating networks Shift investment assessment from Payback to NPV approach third-party financing 12

13 Thank you for your attention! Fraunhofer-Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE Pedro Horta 13