AREP GAW Global Atmosphere Watch GAW

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1 Global Atmosphere Watch Liisa Jalkanen Atmospheric Environment Research (AER) Division WMO Secretariat

2 World Meteorological Organization Independent technical UN agency 189 Members manage through WMO Congress and Executive Council Secretariat in Geneva (staff 280) Technical Departments Observing and Information Systems (OBS) Climate and Water (CLW) Weather and Disaster Risk Reduction Services (WDS) Research (RES) Atmospheric Research and Environment Branch (ARE) Atmospheric Environment Research Division (AER) Global Atmosphere Watch ()

3 THE MISSION Systematic long-term monitoring of atmospheric chemical and physical parameters globally Analysis and assessment Development of predictive capability (GURME and Sand and Dust Storm Warning System)

4 Components of the Programme Expert Groups Chapter 2.3 OPAG EPAC JSSC Scientifc Advisory Groups Ozone UV GHG RG PC Aerosols GURME ET-WDC Administration Management Chapter 2.5 WMO/ Secretariat IGACO Offices Ozone/UV GHG Air Quality Aerosols Central Facilities Chapter 2.4 QA/SACs WCCs RCCs CCLs WDCs & SIS WOUDC WDCGG WDCA WRDC WDCPC WDC-RSAT NMHSs Observing Systems Chapter 3 Contributing Networks Stations Global Regional Contributing Satellites Aircraft Users & Applications Parties to the Conventions UNFCCC Vienna C. Systems GEOSS GCOS GMES Programs IGAC SOLAS ileaps Operational Centers Research Projects

5 Observations Weather related observations (OBS) Climate observations (GCOS) Atmospheric chemistry and related physical parameters ()

6 observations Stratospheric Ozone Tropospheric Ozone Greenhouse Gases (CO 2, CH 4, N 2 O, CFCs) Reactive Gases (CO, VOC, NO y, SO 2 ) Precipitation Chemistry Aerosols (chemical, physical, AOD) UV Radiation (Natural Radionuclides, Rn 222, Be 7, 14 CO)

7 Station Information System SIS Online - comprehensive information on all stations Database Search / Update Inventory / Audit (Supported by Switzerland)

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9 Included: Products and Services (Assessments)

10 Quality assurance/quality Control (QA/QC) Serves both developed and developing countries The QA/QC system impacts all aspects of atmospheric chemistry observations, including training of station personnel; assessment of infrastructures, operations and the quality of observations at the sites; documentation of data submitted to the WDCs; improvement of the quality and documentation of legacy data at the WDCs. The primary objectives of the QA/QC system are to ensure that the data in the WDCs are consistent, of known and adequate quality, supported by comprehensive metadata, and sufficiently complete to describe global atmospheric states with respect to spatial and temporal distribution.

11 and GCOS WMO/ Global atmospheric CO 2 CH 4 and global N 2 O monitoring networks are comprehensive networks and the Dobson, Brewer and ozone sonde networks are baseline networks of GCOS. Similar status is being sought for aerosol networks.

12 Observations are also needed in NRT Criteria different from data for climate services

13 WIS WIGOS Pilot Project Improvement of Dissemination of Ozone and Aerosol observations in NRT - Rationale Availability of ozone and aerosol data would allow ingestion into atmospheric models in support of improved weather forecasts, surface UV and air quality. WMO ozone bulletins need ozone data in NRT Large, integrating projects, such as GEMS and MACC need ozone and aerosol data in NRT for model validation Delivery of NRT data can help to detect problems at stations at an early stage.

14 Provision of data Data analysis and distribution SIS, WDCs, Experts, Stations Assessments Need observations, research and collaboration Current ones (WMO and ): Ozone assessment (UNEP) Precipitation assessment (SAG, GESAMP) Black carbon and Ozone assessment (UNEP) Megacity assessment (IGAC) Data and Data quality relevant!

15 Annual Greenhouse Gas Bulletins Published in time for COP (Conference of Parties to UNFCCC) meetings 6th Bulletin: Potential methane releases from northern permafrost and wetlands, under future climate change, is of great concern and is becoming a focus of intensive research and observations. (available at the meeting)

16 WMO Antarctic Ozone Bulletins An example of a need for integrated products in near-real time Every Two Weeks Aug to Nov + Summary in Dec/Jan

17 Need to consider all scales Climate change air pollution interactions

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19 Basic AQF for Latin American Countries, July 2006, Lima, Peru Air Quality Forecasting for South Asia, December 2008, Pune, India Air Quality Modeling for Latin America, August 2009, Mexico City IWAQFR, Nov 2010, Quebec Modelling Training Workshop, with EANET, January 2011, Niigata NRT in AQF, March 2011, Hangzhou Planned: GURME FOCUS: Air Quality Forecasting (AQF) Workshops and Training With NASA and EPA, AQF, Central America, Panama, 2011 KLIMA meeting in Hamburg, Aug, 2011 GURME Latin America Cities Pilot Project, Mexico City Aug Key AQF topics covered: Meteorology, chemistry, emissions Forecasting approaches Forecasting operations & communication and use of products Observing systems (met & chem), including the use of satellites Model training (e.g., WRF & WRF/Chem) Impact prediction/analysis (health, heat wave, agriculture) Case studies

20 More on ozone and UV: Geir Braathen

21 AREP MeteoWorld Pavilion, World Expo 2010 Better City Better Life, in Shanghai Theme: Safety and well-being of the people A Contour- Design Description of the Pavilion Cloud Droplets

22 Collaboration critical for success!