a brisk nanotechnology tutorial in four packets The First Nano Step Where It Is Happening Finding What You Can Not See Nano Power Possibilities

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1 10-9 PSMA Nano 100 a brisk nanotechnology tutorial in four packets The First Nano Step Where It Is Happening Finding What You Can Not See Nano Power Possibilities A Synopsis To Read To View

2 Nanotechnology Life Science Physical Science Think of nanotechnology having two areas of concentration, Life Science and Physical Science.

3 Metric Prefix Table 10-9 Prefix Symbol Multiplier Exponential yotta Y 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000, zetta Z 1,000,000,000,000,000,000, exa E 1,000,000,000,000,000, peta P 1,000,000,000,000, tera T 1,000,000,000, giga G 1,000,000, mega M 1,000, kilo k 1, hecto h deca da deci d centi c milli m micro µ nano n pico p femto f atto a zepto z yocto y Nanotechnology is sometimes referred to as nanoscale and ten to the minus ninth. Nanostructures have at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nanometers

Nano-Scale Less than a nanometer Individual atoms are a few tenths of a nanometer in

DNA molecules are about 2.5 nanometers wide.

chlorophyll) arranged inside stacked structures, called Thylakoid disks, that convert

4 Nano-Scale Less than a nanometer Individual atoms are a few tenths of a nanometer in diameter. Nanometer Ten shoulder-to shoulder hydrogen atoms (blue balls) span 1 nanometer. DNA molecules are about 2.5 nanometers wide. Thousands of nanometers Biological cells, like these blood cells, have diameters in the range of thousands of nanometers. Natural nanotechnology Much of the photosysthesis that powers forests unfolds inside tiny cellular power houses Chloroplasts. These contain nanoscale molecular machinery (including pigment molecules like chlorophyll) arranged inside stacked structures, called Thylakoid disks, that convert light and carbon dioxide into biochemical energy. A million nanometers The pinhead sized patch of this thumb (circled in black) is a million nanometers across. Chloroplast Billions of Nanometers A two meter tall Male is two billion nanometers tall. Source: 1999 NSTC

5 Definition You may ask me, What is Nanotechnology? My answer is this. Nanotechnology is the collaboration of chemistry, biology, physics, computer, and material sciences integrated with Engineering, Application, Education and Business entering the Nanoscale Universe. This means science, engineering and management focused on creating materials, devices, and systems at the atomic and molecular level. Dialogues for The Cookie Jar by Dr. Anthony F. Laviano

6 Disciplines Chemistry Polymer Proteins Biology Molecules Nanotechnology Cells Physics Solid, Surfaces Devices Management and Engineering Nanotechnology is Multi-discipline

U.S. Government Commitment Senate Bill 2515 dated 27 June 2002 Established Nanotechnology President George W. Bush delivers his State of the Union Address at the Capitol, Tuesday, Jan. 31, 2006.

7 U.S. Government Commitment Senate Bill 2515 dated 27 June 2002 Established Nanotechnology President George W. Bush delivers his State of the Union Address at the Capitol, Tuesday, Jan. 31, First, I propose to double the federal commitment to the most critical basic research programs in the physical sciences over the next 10 years. This funding will support the work of America's most creative minds as they explore promising areas such as nanotechnology S. 189 Dec 2003 $3.7Billion Approved by Congress Signed by President House Bill 766 dated 7 May 2003 Nanotechnology Research and Development Act The United States Government is now investing in the Physical Sciences.

The goals of the NNI are to: 1. conduct R&D to realize the full potential of this revolutionary technology; 2. develop the skilled workforce and supporting infrastructure needed to advance R&D; 3.

8 The goals of the NNI are to: 1. conduct R&D to realize the full potential of this revolutionary technology; 2. develop the skilled workforce and supporting infrastructure needed to advance R&D; 3. better understand the social, ethical, health, and environmental implications of the technology; and, 4. facilitate transfer of the new technologies into commercial products. The National Nanotechnology Initiative (NNI) is a federal R&D program established to coordinate the multiagency efforts in nanoscale science, engineering, and technology. Eighteen federal agencies participate in the Initiative, 10 of which have an R&D budget for nanotechnology. Other Federal organizations contribute with studies, applications of the results from those agencies performing R&D, and other collaborations.

9 State Government Funding State Governments are funding nanotechnology by establishing Nanotechnology Centers and working with the University and Business communities to develop their State economy and work force.

10 University Funding Universities throughout the U.S. are involved in nanotechnology science, engineering, business and education augmenting nanotechnology development.

optics, energy, biotechnology, and other

11 Capital Investment There are over 300 companies in the United States that are nanotechnology companies that are involved in material, electronics, computers, optics, energy, biotechnology, and other fields. Start-up nanotechnology companies are increasing.

Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States of America, and others. The U.S. Government, States, U.

12 World Wide Activity Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic. European Union, France, Germany, India Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Mexico, The Netherlands, New Zealand, China, Romania, Russia, South Africa, South Korea, Switzerland, United Kingdom, United States of America, and others. The U.S. Government, States, U.S. Universities, and U.S. Industries are not alone forging ahead to advance nanotechnology; each of their counterparts throughout the world are also involved in nanotechnology.

13 Electronics January 22, The button-like object by the model with a pair of tweezers is actually an amplifier, which performs the same function as the conventional amplifier on the table. The tiny unit was developed and built by scientists of Westinghouse Electric Corporation in cooperation with the Air Force to demonstrate the feasibility of molecular electronics -- a new electrical engineering concept that could revolutionize the electronics industry and extend man's reach into space.

14 Robotics Technology Today and beyond Advanced Computing Directed Energy Biotechnology Micro Air Vehicles Space Yesterday Today s technology is at the nanoscale!

QSI-Nano metals and alloys were developed in response to the need for disruptive, cost-efficient renewable energy solutions with proven durability in a wide range of commercial

15 Advanced Material Leaders, Leveraging Nonmetals and alloys for Clean Energy Applications QuantumSphere, Inc. is a leading manufacturer of nanoscale metals and alloys for applications in renewable energy, electronics, aerospace, defense and other markets demanding advanced materials. QSI-Nano metals and alloys were developed in response to the need for disruptive, cost-efficient renewable energy solutions with proven durability in a wide range of commercial applications. The company is leveraging its leading market position to manufacture and ship high performance catalyst materials and electrode devices for batteries, micro fuel cells for portable power, photovoltaics (solar cells) and hydrogen generation, among others.

In the field of memory, Nantero is developing NRAM, a high-density nonvolatile Random Access Memory.

16 Nantero NRAM Device Nantero is a nanotechnology company using carbon nanotubes for the development of next-generation semiconductor devices. These devices include memory, logic, and other semiconductor products. In the field of memory, Nantero is developing NRAM, a high-density nonvolatile Random Access Memory. The company's objective is to deliver a product that will replace all existing forms of memory, such as DRAM, SRAM and flash memory, with NRAM serving as universal memory.

17 INEX is a microsystems and nanotechnology R&D, commercialization and manufacturing organization Lab on a chip Research activities Lab on a chip technology encompasses actuators and sensors for sample preparation and analyte detection. Research spans all sample processing functions needed for final multiplexed molecular recognition using optical or electrochemical methods. Cellular and molecular manipulations are driven by microfluidics, and microparticles are used for enhanced functionality.

18 Inframat Corporation ("IMC") is an emerging technology company founded in 1996 to develop nanostructured materials to improve performance and extend the life of coated components used throughout the global infrastructure. Hydraulic rod with thermal sprayed alumina/titania nanocoating

Nanomix is an exciting nanotechnology company currently launching a menu of nanoelectronic detection devices combining carbon nanotube electronics with silicon microstructures.

19 Nanomix is an exciting nanotechnology company currently launching a menu of nanoelectronic detection devices combining carbon nanotube electronics with silicon microstructures. These sensors will add value across a broad range of industrial and medical applications where the attributes of nanotechnology - low power consumption, small size, and high sensitivity offer significant performance advantages. Biomolecule Products The Sensation detection platform will simplify and expand the use of biomolecule analysis through easyto-use, point-of-care products. A disposable cartridge is interrogated using a small handheld electronic reader, providing diagnostic information in minutes instead of days.

20 Power Sources Buck Converter We have come a long way since our earlier power device, the horse. We have transitioned to power electronic sources smoothly through technology. We learned to power horseless platforms. Size and weight, while important, were not insurmountable issues.

21 Electronic Platforms Electronic platforms have changed. They are getting smaller and smarter. Size, weight and power are now critical issues. Horse/buggy and horseless designed power sources will not fulfill electronic platform future needs.

22 Nano Millenium Nano Micro We are now in the millennium of nano power sources. In this millennium, not only do we need to keep our eye the donut but, more importantly, the hole. Our design strategy must now harmonize things seen and not seen, micro technology and nanotechnology. - S.A.G.

23 Batteries, Fuel and Solar Cells Batteries, fuel cells and solar cells are macro-size. Their architectures need to be reconstructed into the nanoscale.

Nanospyder Nanospyder is a futuristic project concept created by three designers based at the Volkswagen Design Center in Santa Monica for the Los Angeles Auto Show Design Challenge.

24 Nanospyder Nanospyder is a futuristic project concept created by three designers based at the Volkswagen Design Center in Santa Monica for the Los Angeles Auto Show Design Challenge. The main highlight is the vehicle structure made of billions of tiny programmable nano devices supported by hydrogen fuel cells, solar power, wheel-mounted electric motors and inflatable organic body panels combine to form the unusual shape of the two-seater concept. The Nanospyder s billions of nano devices are waiting for nano power devices.

The development team at mphase Technologies has

will bring to market the breakthrough products Smart

25 The development team at mphase Technologies has engineered a smart nanobattery, which is being evaluated by staff at Picatinny Arsenal, N.J. AlwaysReady, Inc. will bring to market the breakthrough products Smart Nanobattery and Ultra-sensitive Magnetometers Companies are beginning to see the hole in the donut. Nano Micro

Researchers at Georgia Tech have demonstrated a prototype nanometer-scale generator that produces continuous direct-current electricity by harvesting mechanical energy from such environmental sources

26 Researchers at Georgia Tech have demonstrated a prototype nanometer-scale generator that produces continuous direct-current electricity by harvesting mechanical energy from such environmental sources as ultrasonic waves, mechanical vibration or blood flow. The prototype direct-current nanogenerator was developed by Georgia Tech researchers using an array of zinc oxide nanowires. Researchers are beginning to see the hole in the donut. Nano Micro

27 Autonomous Systems at the Nanoscale Today and beyond Yesterday Go to PSMA Nano100 Tutorial! Receive a Nanotechnology Education. Login through Members Only area.

10-9. NANOWorld harmonizing things seen and not seen. S.A.G.

10-9. NANOWorld harmonizing things seen and not seen. S.A.G. 10-9 Dr. Anthony F. Laviano Chairman and Founder, Exec. Vice Pres., Northrop Rice Advanced Institute of Technology Email: a.f.laviano@nanoworldusa.com Phone: 310-459-8569 www.nanoworldusa.com 1 Acknowledgement