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1 siha CaSki Mock Control sirna1 Supplementary Data Figure 1: Photomicrographs of siha and CaSki cells taken 48 hours after mock transfection, transfection of control sirna or sirna1. (100X magnification). Reduced cell numbers and apoptotic p morphology seen after sirna1 transfection in siha and CaSki cells (HPV-16 positive).

2 Control sirna treated cells sirna1 treated cells sub bg1: % sub G1: 22.8 % Supplementary Data Figure 2: Propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry of control sirna treated (left) and sirna1 treated (right) cells,48 hours after sirna1 transfection. There is an almost two fold increase in the percentage of sub-g1 cells with a corresponding decrease in the percentage of cells in the G2-M phase.

3 Control sirna sirna1 Fold change p p21 GADD45α PUMA β-actin Supplementary Data Figure 3: Western blot of p53 and other p53 responsive proteins in siha cells, 72 hours after sirna1 transfection. There was a significant increase in the levels of all the p53 responsive proteins. (p<0.001 in all cases). Beta-actin was used as a loading control.

4 Supplementary Data Figure 4: Methylation specific-high resolution melting (MS-HRM) of bisulfite treated siha DNA 72 hours after transfection with control sirna or sirna1. Untreated siha DNA (green line) having 1-2 copies of HPV-16 with the enhancer fully unmethylated (0/2 copies methylation) is taken as 0 % methylated control. Untreated CaSki DNA (pink line) having 599/600 copies of the enhancer methylated (99.8 %) is taken as the 100 % methylated control. The melting profiles of control sirna treated (blue line) and sirna1 treated (red line) enhancer amplicons were very similar to that of untreated cells (0% methylated). This proves that there was no DNA methylation in the targeted region after transfection.

5 a) b) Restriction enzyme accessibility assay ratio Unig gested/digested Control sirna sirna1 En nrichment at enh hancer Dimethyl H3K9 ChIP assay Control sirna sirna1 Supplementary Data Figure 5: sirna1 causes a closed chromatin state. a) sirna1 transfection in siha causes a significant 4 fold decrease in BsrGI restriction enzyme accessibility (p < 0.001) at the HPV-16 enhancer. b) sirna1 induces methylation of histone tails as seen by a 3.5 fold enrichment (p < 0.001)at the targeted enhancer using the dimethylated H3K9 ChIP assay.

6 Supplementary Table 1: List of sirnas used in the study sirna ID sirna1 S sirna1 AS sirna(+1) S sirna (+1) AS sirna(-1) S sirna (-1) AS sirna(-2) S sirna (-2) AS sirna (-5) S sirna (-5) AS T7 promoter Sequence (5' to 3') UGCGCCAACGCCUUACAUACCUU GGUAUGUAAGGCGUUGGCGCAUU GCGCCAACGCCUUACAUACCGUU CGGUAUGUAAGGCGUUGGCGCUU AUGCGCCAACGCCUUACAUACUU GUAUGUAAGGCGUUGGCGCAUUU UAUGCGCCAACGCCUUACAUAUU UAUGUAAGGCGUUGGCGCAUAUU CACUAUGCGCCAACGCCUUACUU GUAAGGCGUUGGCGCAUAGUGUU TAATACGACTCACTATAG

7 Supplementary Table 2: List of primers used Primers used for Real Time RT-PCR PrimerID Sequence(5'to3') 18S Forward GTAACCCGTTGAACCCCATT 18S Reverse CCATCCAATCGGTAGTAGCG Actin Forward TCATGAAGTGTGACGTTGACATCCGT Actin Reverse CCTAGAAGCATTTGCGGTGCACGATG POLR2A Forward CATCAAGAGAGTCCAGTTCGG POLR2A Reverse CCCTCAGTCGTCTCTGGGTA PPIA Forward CACCGTGTTCTTCGACATTG PPIA Reverse TTCTGCTGTCTTTGGGACCT B2M Forward TAGCTGTGCTCGCGCTACT B2M Reverse TCTCTGCTGGATGACGTGAG Tubulin Forward TAACCATGAGGGAAATCGTG Tubulin Reverse TCGATGCCATGTTCATCACT GAPDH Forward CCAAGGTCATCCATGACAACTTTGGT GAPDH Reverse TGTTGAAGTCAGAGGAGACCACCTG HPV-16 E6 Forward AGCGACCCAGAAAGTTACCA HPV-16 E6 Reverse GCATAAATCCCGAAAAGCAA HPV-16 E7 Forward ACAAGCAGAACCGGACAGAG HPV-16 E7 Reverse GCCCATTAACAGGTCTTCCA p21 Forward GCATGACAGATTTCTACCACTCC p21 Reverse GCCAGGGTATGTACATGAGGA NOXA Forward GAGATGCCTGGGAAGAAGG NOXA Reverse TTTCTGCCGGAAGTTCAGTT PUMA Forward GACCTCAACGCACAGTACGA PUMA Reverse CACCTAATTGGGCTCCATCT CyclinA2Forward ACCTGGACCCAGAAAACCAT CyclinA2Reverse CACTCACTGGCTTTTCATCTTC Cyclin E Forward AGA AAT GGC CAA AAT CGA CA Cyclin E Reverse CCCGGTCATCATCTTCTTTG

8 Supplementary Table 2 (Contd.) : List of primers used Primers used for Real Time RT-PCR(contd.) PrimerID Fas Forward Fas Reverse OAS1 Forward OAS1 Reverse HPV-18 E6 Forward HPV-18 E6 Reverse HPV-18 E7 Forward HPV-18 E7 Reverse Sequence(5'to3') GCATCTGGACCCTCCTACCT TCCTCAATTCCAATCCCTTG TTCTCCACCTGCTTCACAGA GAGCTCCAGGGCATACTGAG CATGCTGCATGCCATAAATG TGTGTTTCTCTGCGTCGTTG ACCTAAGGCAACATTGCAAG ACAAAGGACAGGGTGTTCAG Primers used for Bisulfite sequencing Bisulfite Outer Forward Bisulfite Outer Reverse Bisulfite Inner Forward(M13 tagged) Bisulfite Inner Reverse(M13 tagged) Primers used for ChIP Chr16ChIP Forward Chr16ChIP Reverse HPV-16 LCR Forward HPV-16 LCR Reverse TAGTTTTATGTTAGTAATTATGGTT ACAACTCTATACATAACTATAATA AGCGGATAACAATTTCACACAGGATGTTTTTTTGATTTGTATTGTTTG CGCCAGGGTTTTCCCAGTCACGACCCTTAAAAATTTAAACCTTATACC GTCTCTTTCTTGTTTTTAAGCTGGG TGAGCTCATTGAGACATTTGG CCAAATCCCTGTTTTCCTGA CGTTGGCGCATAGTGATTTA The HPV-16 LCR Forward and Reverse primers were used for ChIP, Restriction Enzyme Accessibility Assay and quantitation of enhancer associated transcripts

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