Dynamic of CDOM in the South Pacific: an application of ocean color remote sensing.
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1 Dynamic of CDOM in the South Pacific: an application of ocean color remote sensing. Post graduate researcher: Chloé Martias Supervisors : Cécile Dupouy, MIO/IRD Nouméa Marc Tedetti, MIO/IRD Marseille Collaboration: Dr. Awnesh Singh 1, Dr. Antoine D.R. N Yeurt 1, Ms. Shilpa Lal 1, Dr. Pascal Douillet 2, Ms. Marion Drouzy 2, Mr. Guillaume Wattelez 2-3, Dr. Jérome Lefèvre 2. 1-PaCE-SD, USP 2- IRD Nouméa 3- University of New Caledonia Suva, 11/18/ Introduction What is CDOM? Why study CDOM? 2. Objectives 3. Study area New Caledonia Laucala Bay- Fiji 4. Methods used to study CDOM 3 methods Satellite data 5. Perspectives with Fiji Contents PhD results in progress Pacific Fund project 1 Chloé Martias_Fiji 1
2 1. Introduction 2. Aims 3. Study area 4. Methods used to study area 5. Perspectives with Fiji What is CDOM? CDOM= Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter DOM= Dissolved Organic Matter Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter: Part of DOM absorbing light in the ultraviolet and visible range of the light spectrum. Why study CDOM? Important ecologic and biogeochemical impacts Protect marine organism against UV Control light availability for photosynthesis Key role in global carbon cycle for marine microorganisms Pollutant sources: anthropogenic activities Huge impact in tropical lagoon ( reduction of photosynthesis), but largely unknown 2 CDOM= Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter Spatio-temporal variability of CDOM along a continuum coast-lagoon-offshore Evaluate sources of CDOM and caracterize its compounds: 1. Marine sources 2.Terrestrial sources 3. Anthropogenic sources 3 Chloé Martias_Fiji 2
3 CDOM= Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter DOM= Dissolved Organic Matter/ FDOM= Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter Water run off: rivers UV-R hυ CO 2 CO 2 O 2 Soils Humic polluants Photolysis Amino acids, phosphate, ammonium Organic Matter DOM FDOM Photosynthesis Pigments, amino acids Bacterial mineralisation of DOM Amino acids Upwelling Humic, amino acids Vertical mixing Sediments Sedimentation Humic, Amino acids 4 1. Introduction 2. Aims 3. Study area 4. Results in New Caledonia Lagoon 5. Perspectives in Fiji lagoon New Caledonia 5 Chloé Martias_Fiji 3
4 1. Introduction 2. Aims 3. Study area 4. Results in New Caledonia Lagoon 5. Perspectives in Fiji lagoon New Caledonia East coast: laterite inputs enreached in metals after rainfall Hienghene Nickel mining: 40% of total surface SLN: t/year KNS: t/year Thio South West coast: corals, urban inputs increasing Dumbea Noumea Goro-Ni: t/year 6 1. Introduction 2. Aims 3. Study area 4. Results in New Caledonia Lagoon 5. Perspectives in Fiji lagoon Laucala Bay Bula stations PhD stations 18 S Viti Levu Currentmeters Doppler currentmeter 18 05'S Tidegauge Suva Weather stations Sediment core 18 10'S Sediment traps 'E 'E 'E Pascal Douillet, IRD 7 Chloé Martias_Fiji 4
5 Many cruises and in situ data Laucala Bay cruise Sampling in Fiji Physical Parameter Biogeochemical parameter Temperature Salinity Turbidity Fluorescence Analysis in Noumea Chlorophyll a Suspended matter Particular absorption Nutrients CDOM absorption Analysis in Marseille DOC (Dissolved Organic Carbon) Bacterial counts (cytometry) FDOM ( Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Carbon) 8 Cruise 9 Chloé Martias_Fiji 5
6 PhD originality: coupling 3 methods of CDOM measurement Absorbance: LWCC and PSICAM Fluorescence: EEM/ PARAFAC Reflectance: radiometer TRIOS LWCC: CDOM absorption nm PSICAM: CDOM absorption +Total absorption nm Characterization and quantification of FDOM: Tyrosine-like Humic-like Tryptophan-like Sea captor Atmosphere captor 10 Satellite data Temporal series with AQUA MODIS data Chlorophyll algorithm developed with in situ data Satellite data validated: backscattering, reflectance, SST, chlorophyll... coupling with meteorological data Exceptional event shown Temporal serie of Chl A with a resolution of 500m, interpolation for cloud Wattelez Guillaume,UNC/IRD 11 Chloé Martias_Fiji 6
7 AQUA MODIS observations CDOM CDOM= Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter DOM= Dissolved Organic Matter FDOM= Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter Terrigeneous organic matter Jérome Lefèvre, IRD 12 AQUA MODIS observations CDOM CDOM= Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter DOM= Dissolved Organic Matter FDOM= Fluorescent Dissolved Organic Matter Terrigeneous organic matter Jérome Lefèvre, IRD 13 Chloé Martias_Fiji 7
8 PhD results in progress PAHs (U2 U1): anthropogenic activities due to maritime traffic (small ship) Tryptophan (T1): biological activity of coral reef ecosystem U2 U1 T1 Fluorophores at the stations 23 and 44 in Laucala Bay, June 2015, PARAFAC Chloé Martias, IRD/MIO 14 PhD results in progress Surface Circulation HT-1hr Surface Circulation HT-1hr 0.2 m/s Dry Season 0.2 m/s Wet Season Hydrodynamic circulation in Laucala Bay, MARS 3D Pascal Douillet, IRD/MIO 15 Chloé Martias_Fiji 8
9 Pacific Fund 2016 Objective: Understand physical and biogeochemical dynamics of Laucala Bay for a better sustainable management of this area. Scientific questions: What is the relationship between the residence time and the composition of CDOM? What are the impacts of natural forcings ( tides, winds, freshwater inputs, seasonal variability,...) on the composition and distribution of CDOM? How do anthropogenic impacts (agricultural and urban activities) modify the dynamics of CDOM? Program: Exchange between 2 Fijian and New Caledonian students Training in New Caledonia and mornitoring in Fiji. 16 Register for a cruise in Laucala Bay this Thursday at 8 AM!!! 17 Chloé Martias_Fiji 9
10 Thank you for your attention Vinaka Vakalevu Chloé Martias_Fiji 10
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