The Western States Water Mission CUAHSI Hydroinformatics meeting 16 July 2015
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1 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology The Western States Water Mission CUAHSI Hydroinformatics meeting 16 July 2015
2 Water Cycle and Freshwater Availability Next Challenge : Adding Integrated Value to the Measurements FRESHWATER STORAGE IN ICE AND SNOW Airborne Snow Observatory (ASO) CLOUDS CloudSat, MODIS WATER VAPOR AIRS, MLS, GPS-RO Tempest (2017) PRECIPITATION GPM RainCube (2017) RIVERS & LAKES SWOT (2020) EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ECOSTRESS (2017) WATER STORAGE IN OCEANS Jason Series, SWOT (2020) GROUND-WATER GRACE, GRACE-FO (2017) SOIL MOISTURE SMAP EVAPORATION Aquarius
3 Towards an optimized management information product - There is some best-estimate of water state based on a combination of models and data - Beyond scientists and to user friendly applications for water managers and the public - Active operational assimilation of all current products - Remove obstacles in downloading, aggregating and interpreting outputs - Advancing to the management spatial scale - Including robust uncertainties!!!
4 The Western States Water Mission: An example of a systems approach to hydrology Observations Coupled and Validated Models Stakeholders/Customers Estimates with Uncertainties (Prospective customers) Colorado Water Conservation Board CA Total Usable Freshwater (million acre-feet) month ago 1 season ago (Notional) 1 year ago Retrospective Record
5 The Western States Water Mission: A robust effort to improve state estimates of water availability ASO RHEAS State Estimation with Uncertainties Near-Real Time, plus 1979-present Western US 3km 2 catchment-grid with river routing Decision support for Western States A. Konstantinos/JPL Operational, high-resolution assimilation of satellite, airborne, in situ products R2O path for process modeling & optimal assimilation practices for GRACE, SMAP, ASO, SWOT, etc
6 Precipitation measurement mission GPM Core satellite launched in February 2014 Really a constellation of many satellites Like TRMM but at all latitudes Measures light, heavy, frozen Global coverage 2-4 hour frequency ~5-km resolution
7 Soil Moisture Active-Passive SMAP Launched January 2015 Beta product due October 2015 Soil moisture and freezethaw state Global coverage 3-km radar and 9-km combined active-passive 2-3 day latency for level-3
8 Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment GRACE and GRACE-FO Launched 2002 Still flying and returning data, with periodic outages to conserve power Monthly, global TWSA Measures total integrated water storage change beneath the satellites ~2-3 degree resolution JPL-RL05m [Watkins, 2015]
9 MODIS snow-covered area MODSCAG Snow area and grain size Most accurate MODIS snow products (Rittger et al., 2013) Monthly, global fractional area Based on 500m MODIS tiles ~24-hour turn around 1. Dozier, J., Painter, T.H., Rittger, K., & Frew, J.E. (2008). Time-space continuity of daily maps of fractional snow cover and albedo from MODIS. Advances in Water Resources, 31, , doi: /j.advwatres Painter, T.H., Rittger, K., McKenzie, C., Slaughter, P., Davis, R.E., & Dozier, J. (2009). Retrieval of subpixel snow covered area, grain size, and albedo from MODIS. Remote Sensing of Environment, 113, , doi: /j.rse Rittger, K., Painter, T.H., & Dozier, D. (Submitted). Assesment of methods for mapping snow cover from MODIS. Advances in Water Resources, Anniversary Issue.
10 Airborne Snow Observatory ASO snow water equivalent (SWE) snow albedo NASA/JPL, in partnership with the California Department of Water Resources imaging spectrometer and scanning lidar
11 Surface Water and Ocean Topography SWOT Launching 2020 Wide-swath interferometery River, lake and reservoir heights globally 2x per 21-days ~100-m spatial imaging precision
12 Mapping Groundwater Induced Subsidence Rates Near El Nido, CA Subsidence rate, Slide courtesy of Tom Farr, NASA JPL Subsidence rate, May-October 2014
13 Regional Hydrologic Extremes Assessment System (RHEAS) Built by Kostas Andreadis at JPL Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) hydrology model Ensemble Kalman Filter Has been successfully applied and validated in the CONUS Due to data latency: we will conduct provisional (~7-days) and stable (~3 months) hindcasts Like a reanalysis for land surface hydrology
14 Hydrological Input, Estimation, and Prediction Resource (HIEPR) TWS: GRACE, (GRSS) Snow: MODSCAG, ASO SM: SMAP, (AMSR-E, SMOS) (ET: MODIS, UCB) GRACE-FO, SWOT (Precip: TRMM, CMORPH PERSIANN, CCS, etc.) (Topo: SRTM) Surface storage Stream gauges Well level Snow pillows InSAR subsidence (w/ uncert.) GPS Snow surveys Fisher ET ECOSTRESS Regional Hydrologic Extremes Assessment System (RHEAS) Assimilate Input Ingest RHEAS Database Stored values or links Ingestion Module (IM) Model (VIC) Passthrough (all w/ uncertainty) ΔTotal water ΔGroundwater SWE Snow depth Snow cover % Soil moisture Freeze/thaw ET Snowmelt Sublimation Precipitation Forecasts (w/ uncertainty) Model Runoff (RAPI D) (w/ uncertainty) Surface flow Surface storage Subsidence (w/ uncer.) Well level Visualization Aggregation Avg/Min/Max Unit conversion User Interface (UI) Web interface User guide Dynamic interactive map Plots Animations Tables
15 Data Analytics Center Architecture Data sources from space, airborne, ground sensors Distributed Computation, workflow, vizualization
16 Interactive user interface Courtesy: aso.jpl.nasa.gov
17 Western States Water Mission FY15 FY16 FY17 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Concept Studies Formulation Implementation FY18 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Pre-Phase A Phase A Phase B Phase C Phase D Phase E General project/mission implementation plan and top-level requirements development Lower-level requirements develop, architecture development, stakeholder engagement, development of an initial show and tell model, and coordination with the NASA Water Center Component Development Component Test System Integration & Test Deployment/Operations Photo by Peter McBride
18 The Western States Water Mission (WSWM) Will provide key stakeholders in California and the Western U.S. with actionable information beginning in 2017 Planning for 2 data products : RHEAS VIC near-real-time preliminary product [~1-week latency] RHEAS VIC 3km 2 catchment stable product [1979 to ~3-months ago] Project personnel: James Famiglietti (Project Scientist), Ralph Basilio (Project Manager), Amy Trangsrud (Systems Engineer), Kostas Andreadis, Cedric David, JT Reager, Paul Ramirez, Dan Crichton, Duane Waliser, Michael Gunson, Provides a tremendous opportunity for cooperation, synergy, and collaboration with CUAHSI: Leveraging years of CUAHSI experience in water data sharing Specifically CUAHSI HIS for data downloading (e.g. USGS streamgages) WaterML to serve our results (catchment ID s, web mapping?) Links to Hydroshare, Hydrodesktop? Questions, suggestions, discussion? John.Reager@jpl.nasa.gov
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