Critical Raw Materials in the energy sector An analysis from the CRM_Innonet project
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1 Critical Raw Materials in the energy sector An analysis from the CRM_Innonet project - SET-Plan Conference side-event Aymeric BRUNOT - CEA-Liten 11 December 2014
2 What are «Critical Raw materials»? Material criticality assessment performed by EU in 2010 and materials analyzed Economic Importance Supply Risk 20 critical materials identified CRMs are potential risks for EU economy risk mitigation research is relevant Reduce Substitute Reuse/Recycle EU CRM Innovation Network (CRM_Innonet) Source : Report on critical raw materials for the EU Report of the Ad hoc Working Group on defining critical raw materials (May 2014)
3 CRM_Innonet project ( ) Coordination & Support action focussing on material substitution - Develop material risk diagnostics, substitution roadmaps, policy recommendations and a network around substitution EU funded (FP7) Wide consortium (18 partners) Progress : Materials & sectors analysis performed Substitution roadmap under definition Continuous development of the CRM Innovation Network (workshops) Today s focus : Illustration of the SET-Plan Energy sector analysis
4 CRM_Innonet : Strategic Energy Technologies filters Strategic Energy Technologies (adapted) CRM Economic weight Wind power Permanent Magnets Solar PV Concentrated Solar Power Hydropower Geothermal Marine energy Cogeneration & CHP Carbon Capture & Storage Active Materials Casings PRIMARY FOCUS Wind Power Photovoltaic Power Advanced Fossil Fuel power gen. Nuclear fission Nuclear fusion Control Rods?? Shields / Electric Accumulators Smart grids (Transport) Bioenergy power & heat Fuel cells & Hydrogen Electricity storage Electrolyser Fuel Cells Accumulators, Flywheel, magnetic/smes, Pumped hydro, CAES, supercapacitor Cf. fossil Active Materials Active mat. Cf. fossil power gen. Accumulators Flywheel, magnetic/smes SECUNDARY Advanced power& cogen plant >1b 100s M 10s M or less
5 CRM_Innonet : detailled analysis (eg. wind energy) Objective : improved risk assessment (EU industry value & positionning, jobs ) Technology Analysis
6 CRM_Innonet : detailled analysis (eg. wind energy) Objective : improved risk assessment (EU industry value & positionning, jobs ) Technology Analysis Trade Analysis (PRODCOM) production, import/exports... EU producing countries
7 CRM_Innonet : detailled analysis (eg. wind energy) Objective : improved risk assessment (EU industry value & positionning, jobs ) Technology Analysis Trade Analysis (PRODCOM) Market Analysis along the supply-chain
8 CRM_Innonet : detailled analysis outcome Objective : improved risk assessment (EU industry value & positionning, jobs ) Technology Analysis Trade Analysis (PRODCOM) Market Analysis along the supply-chain Wind (Nd, Dy) : Significant risk (EU estimate : b FTE) Batteries (Co, Graphite, F, REE) : Relative risk (EU estimate : 320M FTE) PV (In, Ga (CIGS)) : Limited Risk (EU estimate : 80M FT - recent decrease)
9 Conclusions & Learnings Concerns about Material dependance is increasing in industry «Criticality» is a relative concept, to be assessed at company level. Cost-related criticality may be too simplistic Material risk assessment is dynamic information on criticality factors is key Risk mitigation strategies are diverse : Material substitution is often not the short-term option but can be seen as longer-term/strategic in nature Material supply risk considered at all stages of the product life (R&D EoL) Substitution can be seen as strategic provisionning Material innovation can be a game-changer: having substitution alternatives is key Advanced materials have a role to play Substitution roadmapping underway as part of CRM_Innonet : Permanent magnets Batteries & Accumulators PCBs and Electronics Photonics
10 CRM_Innonet the Network CRM_Innonet is a currently-running project, with active networking events on material substitution 3rd Innovation Network Workshop on Substitution (11 Feb Brussels) A web-site : (newsletter, etc.) A. BRUNOT CEA-Liten aymeric.brunot@cea.fr
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