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1 5 = 6!"#$% ADVANCES IN CLIMATE CHANGE RESEARCH Vol. 5 No. 6 November 2009!" (2009) !"#$%&'()*+, N O O P N=!"#$!%&'()*+ =NMMNMN O=!"!"#$%&'$ L!"#$%&!'( )* TPMMMM P=!"#$%#&'()##*+ =NMMUTR =!"#$%&'()*(+,-./01234!!"#$%&'()*!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+!"#$%&'!"!!"#$%&'()*!"#$%#$456789:;!"#$%!!"!"#$%&'()*+,-.!!"!!"#D820/P467 ==!"#A = ====!"#$%&'( )*!+,-.!"!"#$%&!"#$%!"#$%&'(!"#$%"&'!"#$%&'&()*+,!"#!"#$%&'()*+,&-./01%!"#!"#$%&'()*+,-!"#!"#$%&'()*+,-!"#$%&'() x1j3z N==!"#$%&'() ====!"#$%&'()* UNFCCC!"#$%&'!"#$%&"'!"#$%& UNFCCC!"#$% COP!"#$%&'()*!!!"#$%&'()*+ 1!"#$%&'()*+,-.!"# COP !"#$% COP !"#$%& COP !"#$%&'()*+,-.!!"#$%&'()*+ COP !"#"$%&'(!" #$%&' COP8-2001!"#$!"#$!"#$%&'()* COP7-2001!"# COP1-1995!"#$ 3 COP UNFCCC!"#$%&'( Fig. 1 Development track of the adaptation policy of UNFCCC! =!" !!"#$%&' 2007BAC03A11!"#$%&' ! 1963!!"#$%& K!" I jsqu@lzb.ac.cn Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2009, 5 (6): 369J

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daptation Fund Board!!"#$%&'()*+,-. O==!"#$%&'()* OKN== ====!"#$!!!"! 10!"# $%&'(!"!"!"#$%5!!"#!"#$%&!"!"#$%&'()!"!!"#$!"#$% ==== !"#$!"!"#!"#$%&'()*!!"#$%&'#()*!"#$!"#$! !!" 2013!!"#$! x4j6z!"#$%&'()*+, 1)!"#$%&'()*+,-./ Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2009, 5 (6): 369J375

3 6!"!"#$%&'()*+, 371!"2)!"#$%&'()*+,3)!"!"#$%&!"#$%!"!"#$%&4)!"!"#$ OKO== ====2008 T!"#$%&'()*+!""!"#$%&' x7z!!"#$%&'!()*+!,-./01!"#$%&'()*+,!!"#$%&'( ====!"#$%&'(!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+,-./012!"#$%&'!"#$%&'()!"#$%!"#$%&'()!" !"#$%&'()* 4!"#1)!"#$%&'2)!"#$!"#$%&'(3)!"#$4)!"#$%#&'( OKP== ==== !"#$%&!"#$%& x8z!"#$%&'(!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+!"#$%&'(!"#$%!"#$%&'()* +,-./ ====!"#$%&'()!"#$%!" 13!"#$%&'(!"#$!"#$%!"#$%!!"#$%&'()!"#!"#$%&!"#$1)!"#$%&'()*+,2)!"#!"#$%&3)!"#$%!!"#$%&'4)!"#$!!!"#$% OKQ== ====2005!"!"#$%&'!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"#$ x9z!"#$%&'() 4!"#$1)!"#$%&'()!"#2)!"#$%&'!"!"#$%&3)!"#$%&' 4)!"#$ ====!"#$%&'()!"6 1)!"#$%&'()*+,-./!"#$%2)!"#$%&3)!"#$%&'()*4)!"#!"#$%&'()*5)!"#$6)!"#$%&' 3!"#!"#$%&'(")*+!"#!"#$% &'()!"#* OKR== ====2005 1!"#!$%&'!"#$%&' x10z!"#$%&'!!"#$%&'()*+,-./! ====!"#$%&'()*+!"#!"#$%&1)!"#$%&'()!"2)!"#$3)!"#$%& 4)!"#$5)!"#$%&'()6)!"!"#$%&'()*+! !"#$%&'()*!"#$%&'()!"#$%!"#$%&' ()*+,-./0 OKS==! ==== !"#$%&'(!"#$%& x11z!"#$%&'(!"#$% 5 7!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+,-./012 ===!"#$%&'()!"#$%&!"#$%1)!"#$!%&'!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"#$%&'()*+!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+,!-." Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2009, 5 (6): 369J

4 = = = 372!"#$% 2009!"#$%2)!"#!"#!"#$%&'(! )*+,-!"#$!"#$%!&'( )*+!"#$%&'()*+",-./ OKT== ====!"#$%&'()*+,(-./0!"#$%&!"#$!"#!"#$%&'()*+,!-./012!"#$%& x12z 1)!"!!" #!"!!!"#$%&'()*+,-2)!"!"#$%& '$()*+,! "#!"#$%&'(!"#$%&3)!"!"#$!"#$%&'()*!"#!"#$!"!"##$%&!"#$%&'()!"#$%& 4)!"#$!"#$%&!"!"#$%&'()*+,-!"#!"#$%&'!"()*!"#$!"#$%&'(5)!!"#!"!"#$%&'(!"#!!"#$%&!"#$%!"#$%&'!"#$%&'!" OKU== ====!"#$%&'(!)*+",-.!"#$%&!"#$%&!"!"#!"#$%&'()*+!"#$%&'()*! "#$%!"#$% &'2008!"#$%&!"#$%2007!"#$%& xnpz!"#$%&'(!)*+,-./012!"# ====!"#$%&'()*+!"#!"#$%&'()*+!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+,-.!"#$%&'()*+,-./0121) 2)!"#$%&'()*+,-.3)!" OKV== ====!"!"#$%& '()#*+ 46%!47%!"#77%!!"#$%&'!"#$%&'()!"#$%!"!"# 65 cm 80%!"#$%&'(!"#$%!"#$ x14z!!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+,!"#$!"#$%&!"#$!"#!!"!"#$%&'()!"#$%&'()*+,%-./0 ====!"#$%&'()*+,-./0!"#$%&'()#$%*!"#!"#$%&'()*!"#$!"#$%&'(!"#$%&'!"#$%&'()*+,!"#$ x15z OKNM== ====!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"#$%&'!"#$!!"#$%&'()*+,-./!"#$%&!"#$%&'()!"#$%&'!()"*+,!!"#$%&'! x16z!"#$!"#$%&'()!"#$!"#$%&#'()*+,-.! 372 Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2009, 5 (6): 369J375

5 6!"!"#$%&'()*+, 373!"#$%&!"#$%!"!"#!"#$%!"#$%!"!"#$%&'()*+,-!"#$%&'(!"#$%&!"!"#$%&'!"#$!"#$%&'()!"#$%&!"#$%&'()*+, OKNN== ====!"#$%&!'!"#$%&!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"#$%&'()*+,!"#$%&'() ==== !"!"#$!"#!"#$"%&'()!!"#$%&'()*+!"#$%!"#$!"#$%&'()*+, x17z!"#$%&'()!"!"#$%!"#$%&'(!!"#$%&'()*+&',!"#$%&'()*!"#$!"#$%&'!"#$%&'(!"#$%&!"#$!!"#$%&'()*+ P==!"#$%&'()*+ PKN==!"#$%&'()*+,-./ ====!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+!"#$%&'!"#$%&'(!"#$%&'!!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+,-./01&2!"#$%!"#$% &'"#(!"!"!!"!"!"#$%&!"!"#$%&'()*+$,-./01!"#$%&'()*!"#$!"#$%&'(")*+%,!"!"#$%&'!"#$%&'( ====!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"# $%&'()*!"#$%!"!"#$%&'()#$*+!"!"!"#$%&'()!"#$%&!!"#$%&'!"#$%&'()*+,-./0!"#$%&'()*+,-./01!"#$%&'()*+ PKO==!"#$%&'()*+,-./01 ====!"#$%&'()*+',-.!"#$%&!"#$%&'()!"#$%&!"#$%"&'!"#!"#$%&'()*+,!"#$%&'()UNFCCC!"#!"# $%&'()*+!"#$!"#$%&'()*+, ====!"#$%&'()*+,-./012!"#$ %&"#'()*+,-./0!"#!"#$%&!"'()*+!"#!"#$%&'()*+!"#$%&'(!"#$%&'!"#!"#$%&'(!"#!"#$%&'() PKP==!"#$%&'()*+,-. ====!"#$%&'#( )*+,-./0!"#$%&'()*+,-!"# Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2009, 5 (6): 369J

6 = = = 374!"#$% 2009!"#$%&'()'*+,-.!"!"#$%!"!"# x18j19z!"#$%&'()!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+,-./012 (1)!!"#$%&'()*+,-.!"#$%&'() *+,-.!"#$%!"#!"#$%!"#$%&'()*+,!"#!"#$%&$'()!"#$%&!"#$%!"#!"!"##$%&'()*+,-!"#!"#$%&'()(*!"#$%&'( (2)!"#$%&'()*!"#!"!"#$!"#$%&'!"#$%!"#$%&'()*!"#$%&'()*+,-./0!"#$%&!"#$%&'!"#$%!"#$%&'( (3)!"#$%&'()*+,-+.!"#$%&'(!"#$%&'!"#$%&'()*+,-./012!!"#$%&'()!"#$%&' ()*+!"#$!"#!"#$%&'(!"!"#!"#$%&'()*+,-!!"#$%&'()!"#!"#$%& (4)!"#$%&'()*+,-./!"#$%&'()!"#$%!"#$%& '!"#$%&'(!"#$%&'()*+,-.!"#$%&'()!"#$!"#$!"#$%&'(!"#$%&!"#$%!"!"!"#!"#$%&'!"#$!"#$!"#$%!"# $ (5)!"#$%&'()*+,-!!"#$%&'()*+,!"#$%&'()*+,-.*/01!"#$%&'()!"#$%& J!"#$%&'()*+,-./!"#$%&'()*+,!!"#$%&'()*+,-./012!"#$%&'()*+! [1] OECD. Progress on Adaptation to Climate Change in Developed Countries: An Analysis of Broad Trends [R/OL] [ ]. [2] UNFCCC. Climate Change Impacts, Vulnerabilities and Adaptation in Developing Countries [R] [ ]. resource/docs/publications/impacts.pdf [3] WMO. Climate Information for Adaptation and Development Needs [R/ OL] [ ]. showcase/documents/wmo_1025_web_e.pdf [4] Commission of the European Communities. Adapting to Climate Change in Europe - Options for EU Action [R/OL] [ ]. fin: en: pdf [5] European Environment Agency. Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in Europe [R/OL] [ ]. org/pub/doct/78_jol pdf [6] Commission of the European Communities. White Paper Adapting to Climate Change Towards a European Framework for Action [R/OL] [ ]. adaptation/pdf/com_2009_147_en.pdf [7] HM Government. Adapting to Climate Change in England [R/OL]. 374 Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2009, 5 (6): 369J375

7 6!"!"#$%&'()*+, [ ]. climatechange/adapt/pdf/adapting-to-climate-change.pdf [13] AssessmentFINAL.pdf Government of Canada. From Impacts to Adaptation: Canada in a [8] Federal Cabinet of German. German Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change [R/OL] [ ]. Changing Climate 2007 [R/OL] [ ]. nrcan.gc.ca/assess/2007/toc_e.php allgemein/application/pdf/das_zusammenfassung_en.pdf [14]!"#$%&.!"#$%&'(!)*+, [R]. [9] Agrawala S. Assessment of Adaptation Practices, Options, Constraints :!"#$%&, 2001 and Capacity: The 2007 IPCC Assessment [R/OL] [ ]. hearings/2007/full/17apr/agrawala_testimony.pdf [15] Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. International Cooperation for Adaptation to Climate Change in Developing Countries [R/OL] [ ]. [10] Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry of Finland. Finland s National pdf/wp5-japan.pdf Strategy for Adaptation to Climate Change [R/OL] [ ]. [16] Meleshko V P, Kattsov V M, Mirvis V M, et al. Climate of Russia in the 21st century. Part 1. New evidence of anthropogenic climate change and Berghall_-_Ministere_de_l_Environnement_Finlandais_version_ the state of the art of its simulation [J]. Russian Meteorology and anglaise_uniquement.pdf Hydrology, 2008 (6): 5J19 [11] Council of Australian Governments. National Climate Change Adaptation [17] Government of India. National Action Plan on Climate Change [R/OL]. Framework [R/OL] [ ] [ ]. coag_meeting_outcomes/ /docs/national_climate_change_ [18] UNFCCC. Technologies for Adaptation to Climate Change [R/OL]. adaption_framework.pdf 2006 [ ]. [12] Committee on Environment and Natural Resources of the National adaptation_06.pdf Science and Technology Council. Scientific Assessment of the Effects [19] Pew Center on Global Climate Change. Adaptation to Climate Change: of Global Change on the United States [R/OL] [ ]. International Policy Options [R/OL] [ ] Review on International Strategies and Trends for Adaptation to Climate Change Ge Quansheng 1, Qu Jiansheng 2, Zeng Jingjing 2, Fang Xiuqi 3 (1 Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing ,China; 2 Lanzhou Branch of National Science Library/ Scientific Information Center for Resources and Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou , China; 3 School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing , China) Abstract: Based on a review of international adapting initiatives to climate change, the tracks and trends of international adaptation policies, especially of UNFCCC, are introduced. The national adaptation strategies of Australia, India, Russia, Japan, USA, Canada, and some main countries of Europe are analyzed. It is concluded that key adaptation options include the measures to deal with extreme climate events, natural disasters, fresh water supply, infrastructure, food safety, and an efficient coordination mechanism. Key words: climate change; vulnerability; adaptation Adv. Clim. Change Res., 2009, 5 (6): 369J