Energy Audit. Prepared For: City of Newark Contact: Ms. Stephanie Greenwood Sustainability Office

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1 Prepared For: City of Newark Contact: Ms. Stephanie Greenwood Sustainability Office Energy Audit Prepared By: Dome Tech, Inc. Prepared Under the Guidelines of the State of NJ Local Government Energy Audit Program January Thornall Street, Suite 170 Edison, NJ Phone: Fax:

2 510 Thornall Street, Suite 170 Edison, NJ Tel: Fax: CITY OF NEWARK ENERGY AUDIT REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Executive Summary 2. ECM Summary By Payback 3. Energy Audit Report Energy Audit Purpose & Scope Historic Energy Consumption Facility Description Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Energy Conservation Measures Renewable/Distributed Energy Measures Energy Procurement Notes and Assumptions Operations & Maintenance Next Steps 4. Appendix Portfolio Manager/Energy Star Facilities Total Annual Energy Use Equipment & Lighting Inventory Lists ECM Lists ECM Costs & Calculations Renewables Calculations Commissioning HVAC Performance Testing Energy Audits Project Management Retro-Commissioning Facility Management Consulting Energy Procurement Page 2

3 January 10, Thornall Street, Suite 170 Edison, NJ Tel: Fax: Ms. Stephanie Greenwood Sustainability Office City of Newark City Hall Room 218 Newark, NJ Re: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY FOR CITY OF NEWARK STATE OF NEW JERSEY LOCAL GOVERNMENT ENERGY AUDIT Dear Ms. Greenwood: Dome-Tech was retained by City of Newark, as a pre-qualified participant in the Local Government Energy Audit Program, to perform an energy audit. The objective of the energy audit was to evaluate the City s energy consumption, establish baselines for energy efficiency and identify opportunities to reduce the amount of energy used and/or its cost. The scope of the audit is standardized under the Program, and consisted of the following: Benchmarking historic energy consumption utilizing EPA Energy Star s Portfolio Manager Characterizing building use, occupancy, size, and construction Providing a detailed equipment list including estimated service life and efficiency Identifying and quantifying energy conservation measures (ECMs) Evaluating the economic viability of various renewable/distributed energy technologies Performing a utility tariff analysis and assessing savings potential from energy procurement strategies Providing the method of analyses Based upon data received for the twelve (12) month period June 2009 June 2010, for the facilities included in this study, the City had an annual expenditure of: Electricity: 9,019,759 kwh at a total cost of $1,392, Natural Gas: 314,806 therms at a total cost of $339, The following fourteen (14) buildings were evaluated under this study: Commissioning HVAC Performance Testing Energy Audits Project Management Retro-Commissioning Facility Management Consulting Energy Procurement Page 3

4 Facility Name Street Address Square Feet North Police District 1 Lincoln Ave. 36,456 Health Department, (94 William) 94 William St. 21,196 Traffic & Signals Building 225 Central Ave. 26, Communications Center 411 Washington St. 16,000 Newark Symphony Hall 1020 Broad St. 212,740 Ironbound Rec. Center, (46 St.Charles) 46 St.Charles 35,848 Sanitation Building 85 Miller St. 60,000 Health Department, (110 William) 110 William St. 62,700 JFK Recreation Center 211 W. Kinney St. 80,900 Ironbound Rec. Center, (226 Rome) 226 Rome St. 35,848 Engine 10 Firehouse 360 Clinton Ave. 25, Call Center 394 University 34,640 Finance Building 828 Broad St 37,605 Archive and Graphics 295 Halsey St. 42,300 Please refer to Section 2 of this report for a detailed list of identified Energy Conservation Measures (ECMs), along with a summary of their preliminary economics (estimated project cost, estimated annual energy savings, applicable rebate(s), etc.) In this report, all identified ECMs are ranked and presented according to their simple payback; however, please note that the master ECM table can also be sorted by building, by measure type, etc. If all identified ECMs were to be implemented, they would provide the following estimated benefits to City of Newark: Total annual electrical savings: 1,424,400 kilowatt-hours; 16% Total annual natural gas savings: 78,940 therms of natural gas usage; 25% Total annual cost savings: $271,290; 16% Total annual CO 2 emissions reduction: 877 tons Total net estimated implementation cost: $3,223,540 Total average simple payback: 11.9 years The projects that are recommended for implementation (at all facilities) include: Upgrading the lighting, installing vending machine power management devices, replacing equipment and installing programmable controls and timers and implementing an energy awareness program. The City s data was entered into the US EPA ENERGY STAR s Portfolio Manager database program. Buildings with scores of 75 or higher may qualify for the ENERGY STAR Building Label. For the City, the buildings eligible for an Energy Star score, the scores ranged between 16 to 89. In order to receive an Energy Star rating, more than 50% of a building must be defined by one of the following space types: Bank/Financial Institution, Courthouse, Hospital (Acute Care and Children's), Hotel, K-12 School, Medical Office, Office, Residence Hall/Dormitory, Retail Store, Supermarket, Warehouse (Refrigerated and Nonrefrigerated), Wastewater Treatment Plant, or Data Center. The rest of the buildings were not eligible for a score; as an alternate, the average Source EUI was provided. Please see the report for individual facility information. Page 4

5 Distributed/Renewable Energy Systems were reviewed with the following conclusions: Dome-Tech considered three different types of wind turbine technologies that consisted of both building-mounted and traditional ground-mounted variety. Ground Mounted is not possible for these buildings due to space constraints and the surrounding buildings. The Building-mounted wind turbine project appears to be the only options but we would not recommend due to payback and high noise concerns. Should City of Newark decide to pursue a wind turbine project, Dome- Tech recommends commissioning a more detailed study. A roof-mounted photovoltaic system (ranging in size from kw dc per building) that could provide 0-72% per building of the City s annual energy usage was assessed for implementation at each site. CHP (Combined Heat and Power), Fuel Cells, and Micro-turbines were also considered. Regarding the procurement of utilities, Dome-Tech understands that the City of Newark facilities in this study are served by fourteen electric accounts behind PSE&G, under rate classes General Lighting and Power (GLP). The City is also served by fourteen natural gas accounts behind PSE&G, Large Volume Gas (LVG) and General Service Gas (GSG) rate classes. Dome-Tech understands that the City is not currently under contract with a retail energy supplier for both electric and natural gas. Now is an ideal time to seek longer-term rate stability through a fixed price arrangement through a retail supplier During the development of this audit, Dome-Tech was assisted by facility personnel, who were both knowledgeable and very helpful to our efforts. We would like to acknowledge and thank those individuals. Sincerely, Derek James Senior Energy Engineer Page 5

6 CITY OF NEWARK - ECM Summary by payback Prepared by Dome-Tech, Inc. Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) Buildings Gross Installation Costs* Rebates/ Incentive Avoided Cost Net Implementation Costs kwh kw Therms Yrs Tons Install Additional Insulation on 1 HHW piping North Police District $120 $0 $0 $120 $1,000 $0 $1, % $11, Programmable Thermostats Archive and Graphics Bldg 8, $600 $0 $0 $600 $1,380 $0 $1, % $15, Programmable Thermostats Finance Building 28, $800 $0 $0 $800 $4,370 $0 $4, % $36, Programmable Thermostats JFK Recreation Center 85, $660 $0 $0 $660 $12,400 $0 $12, % $105, Temperature Setpoint 3 Optimization Health 110 William 16, ,090 $2,160 $0 $0 $2,160 $9,640 $0 $9, % $25, Cooling Tower Pump Timer Finance Building 6, $460 $0 $0 $460 $1,070 $0 $1, % $8, Pool Pump VFDs JFK Recreation Center 238, $22,500 $1,960 $0 $20,500 $34,800 $0 $34, % $394, Vending Machine Power 6 Management System North Police District 7, $1,070 $0 $0 $1,070 $1,120 $0 $1, % $12,300 2 Vending Machine Power 6 Management System 911 Communications Center 2, $400 $0 $0 $400 $350 $0 $ % $1,203 1 Vending Machine Power 6 Management System Engine 10 Fire House 3, $600 $0 $0 $600 $520 $0 $ % $1,781 1 Vending Machine Power 6 Management System JFK Recreation Center 4, $800 $0 $0 $800 $690 $0 $ % $2,360 2 Vending Machine Power 6 Management System Sanitation Building 2, $360 $0 $0 $360 $350 $0 $ % $3,818 1 Vending Machine Power 6 Management System Traffic and Signals Building 3, $540 $0 $0 $540 $540 $0 $ % $5,906 1 Vending Machine Power 6 Management System Health 94 William 2, $400 $0 $0 $400 $410 $0 $ % $1,478 1 Vending Machine Power 6 Management System Health 110 William 3, $540 $0 $0 $540 $600 $0 $ % $2,208 1 Replace weatherstripping 7 around exterior doors Health 94 William $1,050 $0 $0 $1,050 $370 $0 $ % $644 2 Replace weatherstripping 7 around exterior doors North Police District $1,050 $0 $0 $1,050 $210 $0 $ % $1,457 1 Replace weatherstripping 7 around exterior doors 311 Call Center 18, $700 $0 $0 $700 $2,800 $0 $2, % $12,123 6 Replace weatherstripping 7 around exterior doors Finance Building $700 $0 $0 $700 $240 $0 $ % $399 1 Replace weatherstripping 7 around exterior doors Symphony Hall $700 $0 $0 $700 $160 $0 $ % $1,210 0 Upgrade Spit AC Units w/ 8 High Efficiency Units North Police District 5, $9,440 $460 $7,940 $1,040 $900 $0 $ % $9,704 2 Upgrade Spit AC Units w/ 8 High Efficiency Units Engine 10 Fire House 8, $12,300 $740 $9,930 $1,630 $1,270 $0 $1, % $13, Energy Savings At EOL, Replace Air-Cooled Chillers w/ High Efficiency Units Health 110 William 233, $290,000 $4,800 $278,640 $6,560 $4,100 $0 $4, % $64, Domestic Hot Water Timer 311 Call Center $160 $0 $0 $160 $30 $0 $ % $ Domestic Hot Water Timer JFK Recreation Center 1, $320 $0 $0 $320 $240 $0 $ % $1, Demand Control Ventilation 911 Communications Center 11, $7,430 $0 $0 $7,430 $2,300 $0 $2, % $20,027 7 Annual Energy Cost Savings Annual Oper. Cost Savings Total Annual Cost Savings Measure Life Simple Pay Back Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Lifecycle Savings (NPV) CO2 Savings Page 1 Page 6

7 CITY OF NEWARK - ECM Summary by payback Prepared by Dome-Tech, Inc. Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) Buildings Energy Savings Gross Installation Costs* Rebates/ Incentive Avoided Cost Net Implementation Costs Annual Energy Cost Savings Annual Oper. Cost Savings Total Annual Cost Savings Measure Life Simple Pay Back Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Lifecycle Savings (NPV) kwh kw Therms Yrs Tons CO2 Savings 12 Premium Efficient Motors Health 110 William $1,430 $170 $0 $1,260 $160 $0 $ % $ Premium Efficient Motors North Police District $520 $50 $0 $470 $50 $0 $ % $ Premium Efficient Motors Engine 10 Fire House $470 $50 $0 $420 $50 $0 $ % $ Premium Efficient Motors JFK Recreation Center 12, $5,340 $510 $0 $4,830 $1,820 $0 $1, % $16, Premium Efficient Motors Traffic and Signals Building $520 $50 $0 $470 $50 $0 $ % $127 0 Replace Boilers with modular 13 condensing boilers North Police District ,900 $264,000 $4,000 $185,000 $75,000 $15,300 $0 $15, % $224, Replace Boilers with modular 13 condensing boilers Health 110 William ,870 $252,000 $5,250 $174,000 $72,800 $9,840 $0 $9, % $120, Replace Boilers with modular 13 condensing boilers JFK Recreation Center ,100 $416,000 $8,000 $314,000 $94,000 $38,100 $0 $38, % $652, Replace Boilers with modular 13 condensing boilers Health 94 William ,320 $118,000 $2,000 $97,900 $18,100 $7,010 $0 $7, % $119, Hot Water Recirculator Pump 14 Timer Finance Building $230 $0 $0 $230 $60 $0 $ % $ Lighting Upgrades Health 94 William 28, $29,200 $4,740 $0 $24,460 $4,860 $0 $4, % $33, Lighting Upgrades Health 110 William 62, $54,600 $10,100 $0 $44,500 $10,600 $0 $10, % $82, Lighting Upgrades 311 Call Center 27, $17,500 $3,940 $0 $13,560 $4,280 $0 $4, % $37, Lighting Upgrades 911 Communications Center 92, $65,600 $12,200 $0 $53,400 $13,700 $0 $13, % $110, Lighting Upgrades Archive and Graphics Bldg 31, $10,600 $190 $0 $10,410 $5,020 $0 $5, % $49, Lighting Upgrades Engine 10 Fire House 53, $18,200 $2,280 $0 $15,920 $7,870 $0 $7, % $78, Lighting Upgrades Finance Building 46, $18,600 $2,430 $0 $16,200 $7,150 $0 $7, % $69, Lighting Upgrades Ironbound Recreation Center 11, $8,310 $410 $0 $7,900 $2,170 $0 $2, % $18, Lighting Upgrades JFK Recreation Center 53, $53,300 $10,200 $0 $43,100 $7,800 $0 $7, % $50, Lighting Upgrades North Police District 71, $29,700 $7,100 $0 $22,600 $11,400 $0 $11, % $113, Lighting Upgrades Sanitation Building 123, $51,800 $12,200 $0 $39,600 $18,300 $0 $18, % $178, Lighting Upgrades Symphony Hall 7, $197,000 $7,830 $0 $189,170 $1,230 $0 $1, % -$174, Lighting Upgrades Traffic and Signals Building 24, $17,900 $1,920 $0 $15,980 $3,720 $0 $3, % $28, Univent VFDs Health 110 William 27, $38,500 $0 $0 $38,500 $4,700 $0 $4, % $17, Replace Window AC units Sanitation Building $1,000 $0 $0 $1,000 $90 $0 $ % $74 0 At EOL, Upgrade Aging RTUs 18 w/ High Efficiency Units Health 94 William 14, $163,000 $4,250 $148,250 $10,500 $2,600 $0 $2, % $20, At EOL, Upgrade Aging AHUs w/ High Efficiency Units 311 Call Center 2, $69,500 $1,700 $65,300 $2,500 $400 $0 $ % $2,275 1 Page 2 Page 7

8 CITY OF NEWARK - ECM Summary by payback Prepared by Dome-Tech, Inc. Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) Buildings Energy Savings Gross Installation Costs* Rebates/ Incentive Avoided Cost Net Implementation Costs Annual Energy Cost Savings Annual Oper. Cost Savings Total Annual Cost Savings Measure Life Simple Pay Back Internal Rate of Return (IRR) Lifecycle Savings (NPV) kwh kw Therms Yrs Tons CO2 Savings At EOL, Upgrade Aging AHUs w/ High Efficiency Units 911 Communications Center 15, $179,000 $3,440 $170,450 $5,110 $2,200 $0 $2, % $21,153 5 At EOL, Upgrade Aging AHUs w/ High Efficiency Units Engine 10 Fire House 4, $37,800 $2,370 $31,800 $3,630 $700 $0 $ % $4,727 2 At EOL, Upgrade Aging AHUs w/ High Efficiency Units Traffic and Signals Building 4, $37,800 $2,430 $31,800 $3,570 $700 $0 $ % $4, Windows Upgrade North Police District 7, ,630 $1,516,000 $0 $0 $1,516,000 $4,250 $0 $4, % -$1,465, Windows Upgrade Finance Building 4, ,720 $673,000 $0 $0 $673,000 $2,620 $0 $2, % -$621, Windows Upgrade Symphony Hall 1, $154,000 $0 $0 $154,000 $630 $0 $ % -$146,479 3 Totals TOTALS 1,424, ,940 $4,856,280 $117,770 $1,515,010 $3,223,540 $271,290 $0 $271, % $ (93,495.67) 877 Notes: 1. KW - Where Zero (0) values are shown in the table there is no demand reduction for this measure. 2. Rebates- Where Zero (0) values are shown in the table we could not find any rebates of other financial incentives that are currently available for this measure. 3. Gross Installation Cost is the cost of installing equipment recommended by the ECM. 4. Avoided Cost is the cost of replacing equipment at end of service life with like and kind equipment. 5. Net Implementaion Cost is the Gross Installation Cost less any Rebate/Incentive and any Avoided Cost. In the case of equipment that is being replaced regardless, Net Implementation Cost represents the incremental cost incurred by upgrading to equipment that produces more energy savings. Page 3 Page 8

9 Energy Audit Purpose & Scope Purpose: The objectives of the energy audit are to evaluate eachsite s energy consumption, establish baselines for energy consumption and identify opportunities to reduce the amount of energy used and/or its cost. Scope: I. Historic Energy Consumption: Benchmark energy use using Energy Star Portfolio Manager II. Facility Description: characterize building usage, occupancy, size and construction. III. Equipment Inventory: detailed equipment list including useful life and efficiency. IV. Energy Conservation Measures: Identify and evaluate opportunities for cost savings and economic returns. V. Renewable/Distributed Energy Measures: evaluate economic viability of various renewable/distributed energy technologies. VI. Energy Purchasing and Procurement Strategies: perform utility tariff analysis and assess potential for savings from energy procurement strategies. VII.Method of Analysis: Appendices Page 9

10 Historic Energy Consumption Utility Usage and Costs Summary Time-period: June 2009 June 2010 Electric - PSEG Natural Gas - PSEG Buildings Account Meter # Annual Consumption Annual Cost $ / kwh Account Meter # Annual Consumption Annual Cost $ / Therms North Police District Health Department@ 94 William St Traffic & Signals Building 911 Communications Center Newark Symphony Hall Ironbound Rec. St James Sanitation Building Health William JFK Recreation Center Ironbound Rec. Rome Engine 10 Firehouse 311 Call Center Finance Building Archive and Graphics ,800 $94, $ ,041 $28, $ ,600 $80, $ ,912 $17, $ ,640 $56, $ ,745 $7, $ ,559 $113, $ ,892 $3, $ ,890 $10, $ ,337 $38, $ ,470 $47, $ ,045 $9, $ ,630 $88, $ ,393 $11, $ ,600 $118, $ ,627 $24, $ ,479,000 $216, $ ,887 $97, $ ,049,160 $151, $ ,004 $43, $ ,080 $55, $ ,154 $18, $ ,019,000 $158, $0.156 NA ,034,200 $159, $ ,773 $30, $ ,130 $42, $ ,996 $6, $1.154 TOTAL 9,019,759 $1,392, $0.154 TOTAL 314,806 $339, $1.077 Please see Appendix for full utility data and consumption profiles for all buildings. Page 10

11 Historic Energy Consumption ENERGY STAR SCORES Energy Star Score is calculated to establish a facility-specific energy intensity baseline. Energy Star can be used to compare energy consumption to other similar facilities and to gauge the success of energy conservation and cost containment efforts. Buildings with an Energy Star rating/score of 75, or above, are eligible to apply for an official Energy Star label. Only six buildings show a score. Some of City of Newark s facilities are ineligible to receive a rating. In order to receive a rating, more than 50% of your building must be defined by one of the following space types: Bank/Financial Institution, Courthouse, Hospital (Acute Care and Children's), Hotel, K-12 city, Medical Office, Office, Residence Hall/Dormitory, Retail Store, Supermarket, Warehouse (Refrigerated and Non-refrigerated), Wastewater Treatment Plant, or Data Center. Facility Name Total Floor Area Energy Star Score Eligible to Apply for ENERGY STAR Current Site Energy Intensity (kbtu/sf) Current Source Energy Intensity (kbtu/sf) Average Source EUI by Building Type * North Police District 36,456 NA NA Safety Health Department@ 94 William St 21, NA Traffic & Signals Building 26, NA Communications Center 16,000 NA NA Safety Newark Symphony Hall 212,740 NA NA Culture Ironbound Rec. St Charles 35,848 NA NA Recreation Sanitation Building 60,000 NA NA Service Health William 62, YES** JFK Recreation Center 80,900 NA NA Recreation Ironbound Rec. Rome 35,848 NA NA Recreation Engine 10 Firehouse 25,833 NA NA Fire 311 Call Center 34, NA Finance Building 37, NA Archive and Graphics 42, NA **Note for Energy Star Rating: Billing needs to be verified and updated for current usage w ithin 120 days. * Note for Average Source EUI: This data comes from the 2003 CBECS National Average Source and Site Energy Use and Performance Comparisions by Building Type. This is Average EUI is used only w here Portfolio Manager does not have the buidling category list Page 11

12 Historic Energy Consumption (continued) Portfolio Manager Sign - In An account has been created for City of Newark in Portfolio Manager. You have received an to notify you of the generation of this account and shared access with Dome-Tech. Please use this to read your facility information. Please feel free to alter this information when the report is finalized. We would ask that you leave the sign-in information alone until then. Your information is currently shared as read only. When the report is finalized the shared access will be changed so you can use / edit the information and change as you wish. Website link to sign-in: Username: Password: for account: CityofNewark DTNewark Page 12

13 Facility Information Building Name: Health Building Address: Gross Floor Area: Year Built: 1990 # Occupants: 300 Usage: 110 William Street 110 William Street 62,700 s.f. The building is used by the Health Planning Department. It contains a medical clinic and associated offices and laboratories. It is operated M-F from 8:30 until 4:30; closed weekends and holidays. Construction Features: Façade: Four story, brick, in good condition Roof Type: Flat, gray, metal deck, built-up, ballasted river rock, about 20 years old, in fair condition (roof seams need maintenance). Windows: Covering approximately 10% of façade, metal frame, dual pane, fixed, about 20 years old, in good condition. Exterior Doors: Metal frame, about 20 years old, in good condition. Page 13

14 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems 110 William Street Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems 110 William Street has five (5) Trane - main air handling units (AHUs) in a hot deck and cold deck configuration. These constant volume AHUs have chilled water coils for cooling and hot water coils for heating. AHU-1 serves the basement and first floor. The second AHU supplies conditioned air to the second floor. The third AHU serves supplies the labs and hallways. The fourth AHU serves the homeless department. The fifth AHU serves the special care department. A five (5) ton packaged rooftop unit equipped with direct expansion (Dx) Cooling and electric reheat is rated for 2,250 CFM, which supplies conditioned air to the director s office. The perimeter offices are served by approximately 115 unit ventilators (UV) that are equipped with chilled water coils for cooling and hot water coils for heating. Eight (8) exhaust fans exhaust from areas including mechanical/boiler rooms, toilets, and offices. Boilers There are two (2) HB Smith cast iron, sectional, natural gas fired, hot water boilers with 1,941 MBH capacity each. These boilers operate in a lead lag sequence. The boilers are served by two (2) 10-HP heating hot water pumps that operate in a lead lag sequence. Chillers The building has two (2) Trane - 80 ton air-cooled chillers. These chillers operate in a lead lag sequence. These chillers are served by two (2) 7.5-HP chilled water pumps that operate in a lead lag sequence. Domestic Hot Water There are two (2) Raypak, natural gas fired, domestic hot water heaters rated for 334 MBH each. Controls The chiller and five AHUs and the UV s are controlled by the Building Management System (BMS). The packaged rooftop unit is locally controlled and is not on the BMS. Page 14

15 Facility Information Building Name: Health Department Address: Gross Floor Area: Year Built: 1912 # Occupants: 150 Usage: 94 William Street 94 William Street 21,196 s.f. The building is used by the Health Planning Department. It is primarily office space. It is operated M-F from 8:30 until 5:00; closed weekends and holidays Construction Features: Façade: Roof Type: Windows: Exterior Doors: Four story, brick, in good condition Flat, gray, wood deck, built-up, about 20 years old, in fair condition (building personnel mentioned some existing roof leaks) Covering approximately 20% of façade, metal frame, dual pane, operable, about 20 years old, in good condition Approximately 3, metal frame, single pane glass, about 10 years old, in good condition Page 15

16 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems 94 William Street Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems 94 William Street has a total of four (4) Trane - packaged rooftop units (RTU). There are three (3) Trane constant volume RTUs which are equipped with 12.5 tons of direct expansion (Dx) Cooling and 13 kw electric reheat. There is one (1) Trane constant volume RTU that is equipped with 15 tons of direct expansion (Dx) Cooling and 13 kw electric reheat. Four (4) exhaust fans exhaust from areas including mechanical/boiler rooms, toilets, and offices. Boilers There is one (1) HB Smith cast iron, sectional, natural gas fired, hot water boiler with 1,827 MBH capacity. The boiler is served by two (2) 3-HP heating hot water pumps that operate in a lead lag sequence. Domestic Hot Water There is one (1) 71 gallon, natural gas fired, domestic hot water heater rated for 120,000 BTU/H. Controls The four RTUs are run by a controller in the mechanical room. Page 16

17 Facility Information Building Name: 311 Call Center Address: Gross Floor Area: Year Built: 1980 # Occupants: 3 Usage: 394 University Ave 394 University Avenue 34,640 s.f. Construction Features: Façade: Roof Type: Windows: Exterior Doors: The building houses the 311 Call Center which is operated 24/7/365. This occupies approximately 5,000 s.f. The remainder of the space is unoccupied and the City of Newark plans to renovate the building. The recommendations made in this report should be considered in that renovation. Two story, brick and block, in fair condition (foundation cracks in rear) Flat, gray, metal deck, built-up, asphalt, about 20 years old, in fair condition (some roof leaks) Covering approximately 10% of façade, metal frame, dual pane, fixed, glass block, about 20 years old, in good condition Approximately 2, metal frame, about 20 years old, in good condition Page 17

18 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems 394 University Avenue Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems 394 University Avenue has a total of three (3)Trane, packaged rooftop units (RTUs), two (2) Split AC Units and one (1) unidentified indoor packaged air handling unit. The three (3) Trane, constant volume RTUs serve the majority of the building and are equipped with 40, 50 and 75 tons of direct expansion (Dx) cooling. There are constant air volume (CAV) distribution boxes associated with these RTUs, some equipped with electric reheat. The two (2) split system AC units (Trane, Sanyo) serve the 311 Call Center and the server closet and are equipped with 1.5 and 2 tons of direct expansion (Dx) cooling. There is one (1) constant volume AHU serving the storage/mechanical area that has an electric reheat coil for heating. Domestic Hot Water There is one (1) Rheem, 10 gallon, electric domestic hot water heater rated for 1.5 kw. Controls The RTUs and split systems are controlled by non-programmable thermostats. Page 18

19 Facility Information Building Name: Ironbound Recreational Address: Gross Floor Area: Year Built: 1930 Center (Ice Rink) 226 Rome Street 226 Rome Street 35,848 s.f. # Occupants: Varies with usage Usage: Construction Features: Façade: Roof Type: Windows: Exterior Doors: The building houses an ice rink. From May through September, the chillers are shut down and the rink is converted to an indoor soccer stadium. The building is operated M-F 9:30 until 7:30 and Saturdays from 9:30 until 5:30. Two story, brick and block concrete, in good condition Flat, gray, metal deck, membrane, asphalt shingle, about 20 years old, in good condition Covering approximately 5% of façade, metal frame, operable, about 20 years old, in good condition Approximately 1, metal frame, about 20 years old, in good condition Page 19

20 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems Ironbound Recreational Center Ice Rink Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems The ice rink building at the Ironbound Recreation Center has one (1) custom built air handling unit (AHU). This constant volume AHU is equipped with a 25 HP supply fan motor, has a chilled water coil for cooling and a steam coil for heating, and serves the ice rink and locker rooms. Three (3) exhaust fans exhaust from areas including mechanical/boiler rooms, toilets, and ice rink. Boilers There are two (2) Easco, fire-tube, natural gas steam boilers with 6,278 MBH capacity each. These boilers operate in a lead lag sequence. The boilers are served by three (3) 2-HP condensate return pumps. The heating system is shut down in the summer. Ice Refrigeration System The building has three (3) Vilters reciprocating compressors driven by two (2) constant speed 250 HP Marathon electric motors. The third reciprocating compressor is used as a spare. The refrigerant is R-22. These reciprocating compressors operate till ice conditions are satisfied. These compressors are served by two (2) 50-HP brine solution pumps that operate in a lead lag sequence. Cooling Towers The building has one (1) Recold, two cell, induced draft cooling tower equipped with two (2) 50- HP cooling tower fans. There are four (4) condenser water pumps: two (2) 2-HP Baldor motors rated for 90 GPM and two (2) 5-HP (Baldor, US Motors) motors rated for 300 GPM. Domestic Hot Water There is one domestic water storage tank which is approximately 14 feet in length and 6 feet in diameter. The domestic hot water is heated by a steam DHW heat exchanger. Page 20

21 Facility Information Building Name: Ironbound Recreational Center (Pool) 46 St Charles Street Address: 46 St. Charles Street Gross Floor Area: 35,848 s.f. Year Built: 1930 # Occupants: Varies with usage Usage: The building houses a pool. It is operated year round, M-F 9:30 until 7:30, Saturdays from 9:30 until 5:30, and Sundays from 12:30 until 3:30. The pool water is not heated in the summer. Construction Features: Façade: Two story, block concrete, in good condition Roof Type: Pitched, green, metal deck, built up, asphalt shingle, about 15 years old, in good condition Windows: The building does not have windows Exterior Doors: Metal frame, dual pane glass, about 10 years old, in good condition Page 21

22 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems Ironbound Recreational Center Pool Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems Ironbound Recreation Center has five (5) Dectron Heating Ventilator/Dehumidification Units. These constant volume units are equipped with two (2) 30-HP, two (2) 1.5-HP and one (1) 3-HP supply fan motors. They have direct expansion coils for both cooling and dehumidifying and a hot water coil for heating. Two serve the pool area and the rest serve the office, locker rooms and lobby. The refrigerant loops serving the dehumidification coils are connected to both heat exchangers that help heat the pool water in the non summer period or three (3) Dectron air cooled condenser units during the summer period. This arrangement allows the recovery of the latent heat lost through evaporation of the pool water when the water is being heated in the non summer period. During the summer, heat removed from the building is ejected to the outside air via the air-cooled condensers. Boilers The building and the pool water are heated by three(3) Hydrotherm hot water boilers with 2,000 MBH capacity each. These boilers operate in a modular sequence and turn on or off as heating load increases or decreases. The boilers are served by: three (3) 3-HP Baldor heating hot water pumps rated for 300 GPM, and by two (2) 15-HP Baldor heating hot water pumps rated for 625 GPM. Domestic Hot Water There is one domestic water storage tank which is approximately 14 feet in length and 6 feet in diameter. The domestic hot water is heated by the modular hot water boilers through a heat exchanger. Pool Pumps The building has five (5) pool pumps. Two (2) 20-HP US Motors main pool pump that operate in a lead lag sequence, one (1) 3-HP US Motors wading pool pump and two (2) 2-HP Baldor recirculation pumps rated for 150 GPM that operate in a lead lag sequence. Page 22

23 Facility Information Building Name: Newark Symphony Hall Address: Gross Floor Area: 1020 Broad Street 212,740 s.f. Year Built: 1924 # Occupants: 8 full-time staff; main theater holds 2750; Usage: Construction Features: Façade: Roof Type: Windows: Exterior Doors: ballroom holds 1200; upper level theater holds 230; The building houses a large theater, a ballroom and a small theater. There are also dressing rooms, staging areas and a small dance studio. The second and third floors also contain unoccupied office space. The theater and ballroom spaces are operated irregularly when there are events. The dance studio is occupied three times per week. Three story, masonry, brick/block concrete, in good condition Pitched and flat sections, membrane, rubber, approximately 5 years old, in good condition Covering approximately 10% of façade, wood frame, single glazed, double hung, in fair condition (some old/damaged) Approximately 6, metal frame, single glazed, in good condition Page 23

24 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems Symphony Hall Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems Symphony Hall has five (5) custom built - main air handling units (AHUs). These constant volume AHUs have chilled water coils for cooling and steam coils for heating. AHUs serves the ballroom, main theater and second theater. A McQuay,17.5-ton packaged rooftop unit (RTU) equipped with direct expansion (Dx) cooling and a steam coil for heating supplies conditioned air to the dance studio. Two (2) McQuay RTUs rated for 8.5 and 12.5 tons are equipped with direct expansion (Dx) cooling and an electric reheat coil for heating supplies conditioned air to the main theater s backstage area. There are two (2) window ac units that serves private offices on the 4 th floor. Boilers There are two (2) Cleaver Brooks, fire-tube, natural gas steam boilers with 12,274 MBH capacity each. These boilers operate in a lead lag sequence. The boilers are served by two (2) 1-HP Franklin Electric condensate return pumps, two (2) 1/2-HP Calco Vacuum pumps and five (5) 1/2-HP Baldor boiler feed pumps, Chillers The building has two (2) Trane 215 ton air-cooled chillers and one (1) Trane 125 ton air-cooled chiller. The two 215-ton chillers operate in a lead lag sequence. The 125 ton chiller supplies chilled water to the ballroom. The two (2) 215-ton chillers are served by three (3) 30-HP chilled water pumps that operate in a lead lag sequence. The one (1) 125-ton chiller is served by two (2) 15-HP chilled water pumps that operate in a lead lag sequence. Domestic Hot Water There are three (3) AO Smith, natural gas fired (two (2)100 gallon and one (1) 97 gallon) domestic hot water heaters rated for 197 MBH. Controls The chillers and five AHUs are run by a controller in the penthouse mechanical room. The packaged rooftop units are locally controlled. Page 24

25 Facility Information Building Name: JFK Recreational Center Address: Gross Floor Area: Year Built: 211 W. Kinney Street 80,900 s.f. Circa 1950s # Occupants: Varies Usage: There are two wings. One houses the pool and the other basketball courts, weight rooms and other recreational areas. There are office and locker rooms in both wings. The center is operated M-F 7:30 until 7:30, and Saturdays from 9:30 until 5:30. (closed Wednesdays and Sundays) Construction Features Pool Wing: Façade: Roof Type: Windows: Exterior Doors: Two story, block concrete, in good condition Flat, grey, metal deck, built up asphalt, approximately 15 years old, in good condition. This roof is movable and is opened in the summer months. Covering approximately 10% of façade, metal frame, single glazed, operable, in good condition Approximately 2, about 15 years old, in good condition Page 25

26 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems JFK Recreational Center Pool Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems JFK Recreation Center has eight (8) custom built air handling unit s (AHU). These constant volume AHUs are equipped with a hot water coil for heating, and serves the pool and locker rooms. Boilers There is one (1) Easco fire-tube natural gas hot water boiler and one (1) Cleaver Brooks fire-tube natural gas hot water boiler. Each is rated for 8,164 MBH capacity. Currently Cleaver Brooks in not in operation due to needed repairs. The boilers heat both the building and the pool water. The pool water is not heated in the summer period. Domestic Hot Water There is one domestic water storage tank. The domestic hot water is supplied by a heat exchanger from the fire-tube boilers. Pool Pumps The building has six (6) pool pumps. One (1) 7.5-HP Dayton main pool heater pump, one (1) 7.5-HP Baldor main heat exchanger pump, one (1) 30-HP Baldor main pool recirculation pump, one (1) 30-HP Baldor gutter overflow pump and two (2) 7.5-HP US Motors baby pool recirculation pumps rated for 200 GPM that operate in a lead lag sequence. The main pool is heated by a heat exchanger from the fire-tube boiler. Controls The AHUs are run by a control panel in the mechanical room. Page 26

27 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems JFK Recreational Center Recreation Center Wing Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems Recreation Center wing has six (6) Carrier packaged rooftop units. Four (4) of these constant volume RTUs are equipped with 40-tons of direct expansion (Dx) cooling and serve the gym. Two (2) have 15-tons of Dx cooling and serve the weight rooms, offices and locker rooms. All have natural gas direct fired heating. Domestic Hot Water There are two (2), AO Smith, electric, 120 gallon, domestic water heaters rated for 36 kw each. Controls The RTU s are controlled by non-programmable thermostats in the spaces. Page 27

28 Facility Information Building Name: Traffic & Signals Building Address: 225 Central Avenue Gross Floor Area: 26,726 s.f. Year Built: 1998 # Occupants: 35 Usage: The building houses the Traffic & Signals Department. It consists of some office space and a high-bay workshop area. It is operated M-F 7:30 AM until 6:00 PM. Construction Features: Façade: One story, brick (metal frame at garage), in good condition Roof Type: Pitched, brown, metal deck, built up, 12 years old, in good condition Windows: Metal frame, fixed and operable mix, double glazed, in good condition Exterior Doors: Approximately 2, metal frame, 5 garage bay doors, about 10 years old, in good condition Page 28

29 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems Traffic and Signals Building Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems Traffic and Signals has two (2) Carrier split AC system units. These constant volume split ac units serve the office space and are equipped with 15-tons of direct expansion (Dx) cooling and natural gas, direct fired heating. The high-bay area is heated with eleven (11) hot water supplied, fan coil units and three (3) Reznor, tube-type, natural gas fired, infrared heating units. The high-bay area is not cooled. Boilers There are two (2) Aerco, heating hot water boilers with 1,000 MBH capacity each. These boilers operate in a modular sequence and turn on and off as heating load increases or decreases. The boilers are served by two (2) 5-HP Baldor heating hot water pumps. Domestic Hot Water There is one (1) 119 gallon Triangle indirect fired domestic water heater. Controls The RTU s are controlled by non-programmable thermostats in the space. Page 29

30 Facility Information Building Name: Engine 10 Firehouse Address: Gross Floor Area: Year Built: Clinton Avenue 25,833 s.f. # Occupants: 45 (15 on each of 3 shifts) Usage: The building is a firehouse that is operated 24/7/365. There is some office space on the second floor that operates 7:30 to 4:30. Construction Features: Façade: Roof Type: Windows: Exterior Doors: Two story, brick, in good condition Pitched and flat sections, brown and grey, metal deck, built up, approximately 10 years old, in good condition Covering approximately 10% of façade, metal frame, operable, in good condition (some window seals need repair) Approximately 2 metal frame entrance, plus 5 insulated garage bay doors, all 10 years old, in good condition Page 30

31 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems Firehouse Engine No. 10 Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems The firehouse has five (5) split system ac units (3-Carrier, 1-Mitsubishi, 1-Liebert). These constant volume, split ac units are equipped with direct expansion (Dx) coils sized one (1)15-ton (kitchen and other first floor areas), one (1) 7.5 ton (bunk room), two (2) 3-ton (2 nd floor offices) and one (1) 1.5 ton (gym). There are two (2) Reznor make-up air units equipped with natural gas direct fired for heating that serve the showers and locker rooms. Boilers There are five (5) Slant-Finn, hot water boilers each with 375 MBH capacity. These boilers operate in a modular sequence and turn on and off as heating load increases or decreases. The boilers are served by two (2) 1.5-HP Baldor heating hot water pumps. Domestic Hot Water There are three (3) AO Smith, natural gas direct fired, domestic water heaters(two (2)-100 gallon and one (1)-71 gallon). Other Equipment There are four (4) Reznor gas fired fan coil units that heat the garage space. There are also three (3) Reznor gas fired infrared radiant heating units in the garage. These have apparently replaced the fan coil units even though the FCUs are still in place and operational. There are two (2) Select State cabinet unit heaters equipped with hot water coils that serve the vestibule. Controls The RTU s are operated by a controller in the mechanical space. The occupants complained about the controller not working properly. The units are switching between occupied/unoccupied modes which is inappropriate for a firehouse occupied 24/7/365. Page 31

32 Facility Information Building Name: North Police District Address: 1 Lincoln Avenue Gross Floor Area: 36,456 s.f. Year Built: Circa 1920s # Occupants: Approximately 50 Usage: The building houses both the Newark police training academy on the first and second floors and a police station in the basement. The academy operates M-F 7:30 4:30 and the police station operates 24/7/365. Construction Features: Façade: Two story, brick/block concrete, in good condition Roof Type: Flat, black, wood deck, membrane, approximately 15 years old, in fair condition Windows: Covering approximately 20% of façade, metal frame, single glazed, operable, in fair to poor condition (visible damage) Exterior Doors: Approximately 5, wood and metal frame, about 30 years old, in good condition Page 32

33 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems North Police District Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems The firehouse has six (6) split system ac units (3-Trane, 3-American Standard). These constant volume split ac units are equipped with direct expansion (Dx) cooling coils sized three (3) 5-ton, one (1) 3 ton, one (1) 4-ton and one (1) 7.5 ton. The split systems provide cooling to various areas of the basement police station. There is an additional Russell air cooled condenser unit attached to the 7.5 ton Trane unit. There are approximately 20 window ac units that supply cooling to the police academy classrooms and offices on the 1 st and 2 nd floors. Five (5) exhaust fans exhaust from various areas including mechanical/boiler rooms, toilets, and offices. Boilers There is one (1) HB Smith cast iron sectional natural gas fired hot water boiler with 3,844 BTU/H capacity. The boiler is served by two (2) 5-HP heating hot water pumps that operate in a lead lag sequence. Domestic Hot Water There is one (1) - 75 gallon Rheem natural gas, direct fired domestic water heater rated for 75 MBH. Page 33

34 Facility Information Building Name: Finance Building Address: Gross Floor Area: Year Built: # Occupants: 150 Usage: 828 Broad Street 37,605 s.f. Circa 1920s Construction Features: Façade: Roof Type: Windows: Exterior Doors: The building houses the City Finance Department offices. It is operated M-F 8:30 until 4:30, closed weekends and holidays Five story, brick/block concrete, in good condition Flat, grey with black tar, metal deck, membrane, approximately 30 years old, in fair condition (back area in need of repair) Covering approximately 10% of façade, some metal and some wood frame, single glazed, double hung, in fair condition (wooden windows should be replaced) Approximately 2, metal frame, about 20 years old, in fair condition (need repair) Page 34

35 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems Finance Building Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems The Finance Building has fifteen (15) indoor Trane air handling units (AHUs) in closets on each floor. These constant volume AHUs each use heat pump (Dx 5 ton) equipment and a cooling tower water loop to form a closed loop heat pump system. Each AHU is equipped with heat pump Dx equipment rated at 5 ton capacities. There are also two (2) Liebert, split system, computer room AC (CRAC) units equipped with 20-tons of Dx) cooling which serves the computer server rooms. Heat is supplied by steam radiators throughout each floor. Eight (8) exhaust fans exhaust serve areas including mechanical/boiler rooms, toilets, and offices. Boilers There is one (1) HB Smith cast iron sectional, natural gas fired, steam boiler with 2,280 BTU/H capacity. The boiler is served by four (4) 1/3-HP condensate return pumps. Cooling Towers The building has two (2) Marley Aqua tower, induced draft, cooling towers on the roof. There are two (2) Baldor condenser water pumps, one (1) 3- HP and one (1) 5-HP. Domestic Hot Water There is one (1) 38 gallon AO Smith, natural gas, direct fired domestic water heater rated for 40 MBH. Controls The AHU s are controlled by non-programmable thermostats in the space. Page 35

36 Facility Information Building Name: Archives & Records Address: Gross Floor Area: Year Built: # Occupants: 20 Usage: Building 295 Halsey Street 42,300 s.f. Circa 1950s Construction Features: Façade: Roof Type: Windows: Exterior Doors: The building houses the City Archives Department and consists of primarily warehouse space with some office space. It is operated M-F 8:30 until 4:30, closed weekends and holidays. The third and fourth floors are vacant. Four story, brick/block concrete, in good condition Flat, grey, built up, asphalt, approximately 15 years old, in good condition Covering approximately 10% of façade, metal frame, double glazed and glass block, operable, in good condition Approximately 2, metal frame, double glazed, about 10 years old, in good condition Page 36

37 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems Archives and Records Building Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems The Archives and Records Building has seven (7) split system AC units (4-Rheem, 1-American Standard, 1-Liebert and 1-Weather King). These constant volume split ac units are equipped with direct expansion (Dx) cooling systems with capacities of five (5) 5-ton, one (1) 3-ton and one (1) 4-ton. These systems provide cooling to the offices and the archives wing. Five (5) exhaust fans exhaust from various areas including mechanical/boiler rooms, toilets, and offices. Boiler There is one (1) Weil McLain cast iron, natural gas fired, hot water boiler with 346 MBH capacity. The boiler is served by one (1) 2-HP and one(1) 1/12-HP B&G heating hot water pumps. Domestic Hot Water There was no access to the domestic hot water heaters. Page 37

38 Facility Information Building Name: 911 Call Center Address: 411 Washington Street Gross Floor Area: 16,000 s.f. Year Built: 2000 # Occupants: 300 staff (100 during each of three shifts) Usage: The building houses the City s 911 Call Center. It is operated 24/7/365. Construction Features: Façade: Roof Type: Windows: Exterior Doors: Two story, block concrete, in good condition Flat, black, metal deck, built up, membrane, rubber, approximately 10 years old, in good condition Covering approximately 20% of façade, metal frame, double glazed, fixed, in good condition Approximately 2, metal frame, about 10 years old, in good condition Page 38

39 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems 911 Call Center Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems The 911 Call Center has two (2) Trane, packaged rooftop units (RTU) serving the entire building. These are constant volume RTUs which are equipped with direct expansion (Dx) cooling (one (1) 30-ton and one (1) 12.5-ton) and natural gas direct fired heat. The computer server rooms are supplied by three (3) Liebert, computer room AC (CRAC) units equipped with 3-tons of Dx cooling. Three (3) exhaust fans exhaust from areas including mechanical/boiler rooms, toilets, and offices. Domestic Hot Water There was no access to the domestic hot water heaters. Controls The two RTUs are controlled by non-programmable thermostats. Page 39

40 Facility Information Building Name: Sanitation Building Address: Gross Floor Area: Year Built: 85 Miller Street 60,000 s.f. Circa 1920s # Occupants: 10 full-time staff and transient workers Usage: Construction Features: Façade: Roof Type: Windows: Exterior Doors: The building houses the City Sanitation Department. It primarily consists of high-bay, garage/vehicle maintenance space with some workshops and offices. It is operated mostly M-F 7:30-4:30 however emergencies can cause the building to be occupied at other times. Two story, brick/block concrete, in good condition Pitched, grey, metal deck, built up, approximately 15 years old, in good condition Covering approximately 5% of façade, combination of some glass block, some fixed, approximately 30 years old, in fair condition (some glass block areas in need of repair) Approximately 2 entrance, metal frame, 4 garage bay doors, about 30 years old, in good condition Page 40

41 Facility Information Major Mechanical Systems Sanitation Building Air Handlers / AC Systems / Ventilation Systems The Sanitation Building has three (3) split system AC units (2-Carrier and 1-Central Aire). These constant volume split ac units are equipped with direct expansion (Dx) cooling coils (one (1) 5-ton and two (2) 3-ton) and hot water heating coils. They provide cooling and heating to the offices and workshop spaces. There is one (1) Weather Rite heating ventilator (HV) unit equipped with direct fired natural gas heating. There are two (2) Reznor forced air furnaces equipped with natural gas direct fired heating serving the garage areas. Some of the office space has baseboard, hot water heating. Fifteen (15) exhaust fans exhaust from the garage and other areas including toilets. Boilers There is one (1) Slant-Finn cast iron, natural gas fired, hot water boiler with 180 MBH capacity. This boiler serves the hot water baseboard systems in some of the office spaces. The boiler is served by four (4) B&G heating hot water pumps. Domestic Hot Water There is one (1) 40 gallon AO Smith direct fired domestic water heater rated for 40 MBH. Other Equipment There are gas fired infrared radiant heat units throughout the garage space. Page 41

42 Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Implementation of all identified ECMs will yield: 1,424,040 kilowatt-hours of annual avoided electric usage. 78,940 therms of annual avoided natural gas usage. This equates to the following annual reductions: 877 tons of CO2; 152 Cars removed from road; The Energy Information Administration (EIA) estimates that power plants in the state of New Jersey emit lbs CO2 per kwh generated. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates that one car emits 11,560 lbs CO2 per year. -OR- -OR- 239 Acres of trees planted annually The EPA estimates that reducing CO2 emissions by 7,333 pounds is equivalent to planting an acre of trees. Page 42

43 Notes and Assumptions Project cost estimates were based upon industry accepted published cost data, rough order of magnitude cost estimates from contractors, and regional prevailing wage rates. The cost estimates presented in this report should be used to select projects for investment grade development. The cost estimates presented in this report should not be used for budget development or acquisition requests. Estimated energy and cost savings are based on individual projects being implemented and do not account for potential synergies if multiple projects are implemented concurrently. Therefore, cumulative energy and cost savings shown in this report may or may not be representative of actual results. The average CO2 emission rate from power plants serving the facilities within this report was obtained from the Environmental Protection Agency s (EPA) egrid2007 report. It is stated that power plants within the state of NJ emit 0.66 lbs of CO2 per kwh generated. The EPA estimates that burning one therm of natural gas emits lbs CO2. The EPA estimates that one car emits 11,560 lbs CO2 per year. The EPA estimates that reducing CO2 emissions by 7,333 pounds is equivalent to planting an acre of trees. The following utility prices provided were used within this study: Building Electric $/Kwh Natural Gas $ / therm North Police District $0.159 $1.182 Health Department@ 94 William St $0.172 $1.113 Traffic & Signals Building $0.153 $ Communications Center $0.148 $1.181 Newark Symphony Hall $0.175 $1.132 Ironbound Rec. St James $0.184 $1.232 Sanitation Building $0.149 $1.016 Health William $0.171 $1.110 JFK Recreation Center $0.146 $1.002 Ironbound Rec. Rome $0.144 $1.047 Engine 10 Firehouse $0.148 $ Call Center $0.156 NA Finance Building $0.154 $1.104 Archive and Graphics $0.158 $1.154 City of Newark, City of Newark, NJ Page 43 FINAL Energy Audit Report, January 2011

44 Energy Conservation Measures (ECM) #1: Install / Upgrade Pipe Insulation North Police District Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $1,000 Gross Estimated Implementation Costs: $120 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 Net Estimated Implementation Costs: $120 Simple Payback (years) 0.1 Annual Avoided CO2 Emissions (tons): 5 The North Police District HQ has missing or damaged insulation around hot water piping and valves throughout the boiler room. Dome-Tech recommends installing or replacing insulation where it is missing or damaged on hot water piping and valves. Page 44 Missing Pipe Insulation on Hot Water Heater

45 ECM #2: Programmable Thermostats JFK Rec. Center Finance Building Archive & Graphics TOTALS Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $12,400 $4,370 $1,380 $18,150 Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $660 $800 $600 $2,060 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0 Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $660 $800 $600 $2,060 Estimated Simple Payback (years): Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): A review of the facilities showed that the HVAC systems in several buildings were controlled by non-programmable thermostats. Dome-Tech recommends replacing the non-programmable thermostats with programmable units and properly scheduling/programming them to setback during unoccupied periods. Setpoint optimization savings are on shown on ECM #2. Installing programmable thermostats and implementing temperature setpoint setbacks when the building is unoccupied will save heating and cooling energy when there are no occupants present. Page 45

46 ECM #3: Optimize and Standardize the Space Temperature Setpoints A review of the setpoints in the BMS revealed room and supply temperature setpoint inconsistencies. DomeTech recommends that standard summer setpoints be implemented as follows: 75 F cooling - 70 heating Ensure there are no deviations between the zone temperature setpoints (prevents one zone heating, next zone cooling) Health 110 Estimated Annual Savings: $9,640 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $2,160 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $2,160 Simple Payback (years): 0.2 Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): 49 UNIT AREA SERVING CFM Current Average Zone Winter Setpoint Proposed Zone Winter Setpoint FINANCE YSC060A FINANCE YSC060A FINANCE YSC060A INSPECTIO NS NEW LOBBY COUNCIL CHAMBERS ADMINISTR ATION OFFICES YSC090A MPS004BG CK10E MPS010BG CM22E MPS006BG CM22E MPS005BG CM22E COURT MPS006BG 2100 ROOMS CM22E City of Newark, City of Newark, NJ Page 46 FINAL Energy Audit Report, January 2011

47 ECM #4: Install Timers on Cooling Tower Pump Finance Building Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $1,070 Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: * $460 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $460 Estimated Simple Payback (years): 0.4 Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): 2 The two cooling towers on the Finance Building roof each has a cooling tower water pump that runs around the clock during the cooling season. Placing timers on the pumps will turn the units off during unoccupied hours and turn them back on two hours prior to occupation. This setback schedule eliminates energy used to circulate cooling tower water around the building when it is unoccupied. Cooling Tower *Equipment cost only. Assumes install by staff. Page 47

48 ECM #5: Pool Pump Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) JFK Rec Center Estimated Annual Energy Savings: $34,760 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $22,530 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $1,960 Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $20,570 Simple Payback (years): 0.6 Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): 79 The JFK Rec Center pool pumps operate at constant speed, 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. This usually results in the pool water being changed in excess of what is required by the NJ Sanitary Code and any local codes. (Often 40% in excess of what is required.) By installing VFDs on the pool pumps, facility staff can reduce the pump speed during unoccupied hours to the minimum flow rate required to meet the state and local sanitary code requirements. The existing flow rate can be restored during occupied hours. Page 48

49 ECM #6: Vending Machine Power Management North Police JFK Rec Center 911 Com Center Engine #10 Fire Sanit. Building Traffic & Signals TOTAL Estimated Annual Savings: $1,120 $690 $350 $520 $350 $540 $600 $410 $4,580 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $1,070 $800 $400 $600 $360 $540 $540 $400 $4,710 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $1,070 $800 $400 $600 $360 $540 $540 $400 $4,710 Simple Payback (years): Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): *Assumes installation by in-house staff Dome-Tech recommends installing a vending machine power management device on all vending machines. The device uses a passive infrared sensor to power down the machine when the area surrounding it is vacant. Then it monitors the room s temperature and automatically repowers the cooling system at one- to three-hour intervals, independent of sales, to ensure that the product stays cold. The microcontroller will never power down the machine while the compressor is running, eliminating compressor short-cycling. In addition, when the machine is powered up, the cooling cycle is allowed to finish before again powering down (reduces compressor wear and tear). Page 49

50 ECM #7: Weather-stripping Exterior Doors North Police 311 Call Center Finance Building 94 Symphony Hall TOTAL Estimated Annual Savings: $210 $2,800 $240 $370 $160 $3,780 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $1,050 $700 $700 $1,050 $700 $4,200 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $1,050 $700 $700 $1,050 $700 $4,200 Simple Payback (years): Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): Many of the perimeter doors have poor weather stripping that allow infiltration to enter conditioned areas causing an unnecessary increase in the heating, cooling and dehumidification load. Infiltration Areas Dome-Tech recommends replacing all old weather stripping on perimeter doors that do not have vestibules. Energy savings will be realized by reducing the amount of unconditioned outside air entering the building, thus reducing the HVAC loads and cost. Page 50 Picture: Finance Building

51 ECM #8: At EOL, Upgrade Split AC Units to Higher Efficiency North Police Engine #10 Firehouse TOTALS Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $900 $1,270 $2,170 Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $9,440 $12,330 $21,770 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $460 $740 $1,200 Avoided Cost (Like and Kind Replacement):* $7,940 $9,930 $17,870 Estimated Incremental Implementation Costs: $1,040 $1,630 $2,670 Estimated Simple Payback (years): (Incremental and without Avoided Costs) 1.2 (10.5) 1.3 (8.9) 1.2 (9.4) Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): The existing, 8 SEER Split System AC Units are nearing their estimated equipment service life (EESL) per ASHRAE standards. (The EESL for split AC units is 15 years.) Replacing these units with new, higher efficiency and fully controlled units will reduce annual energy costs. New Jersey SmartStart offers rebates of $73 per ton for installing split AC systems with SEERs greater than 11.5 under its prescriptive rebate. Picture: North Police Split System AC Units * Note: Avoided Cost = Cost of Like and Kind replacement.. Page 51

52 ECM #9: At End of Life (EOL) Replace Aging Air Cooled Chillers w/ High Efficiency Units Health 110 Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $4,100 Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $290,000 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $4,800 Avoided Cost (Like and Kind Replacement): ** $278,640 Estimated Incremental Implementation Costs: $6,560 Simple Payback (years): (Incremental and without Avoided Costs) 1.6 (69.54) Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): 77 The air-cooled chillers at 110 Williams St are 11 years old and approaching the estimated equipment service life for that type of equipment. (The EESL for an air cooled chiller is 15 years). When replacing the air cooled chiller, City of Newark should consider upgrading to a higher efficiency unit, which will significantly reduce annual energy and maintenance costs. New Jersey SmartStart offers rebates that typically pay for the incremental cost to upgrade to higher efficient units. Energy Efficiency Ratios* Picture: 110 William St Air Cooled Chiller Unit Capacity (tons) Existing EER Proposed EER *Energy Efficiency Ratios: EER is the rating of cooling output (Btu) divided by the electrical energy input (watts). The higher the EER, the more efficient the unit. ** Note: Avoided Cost = Cost of Like and Kind replacement. City of Newark, City of Newark, NJ Page 52 FINAL Energy Audit Report, January 2011

53 ECM #10: Install Timers on Hot Water Heater JFK Rec. Center 311 Call Center Two buildings have electric domestic hot water heaters. TOTALS Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: * $240 $30 $270 Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $320 $160 $480 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $320 $160 $480 Estimated Simple Payback (years): Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): Although hot water heaters are insulated, there is significant standby heat loss during off hours. The heating elements turn on throughout unoccupied hours to maintain the desired set point temperature. Placing timers on the units will turn the units off during unoccupied hours and turn them back on two hours prior to occupation. This setback schedule eliminates energy used to make up the standby heat loss. JFK Rec Center: Electric DHW Units *Equipment cost only. Assumes install by staff. Page 53

54 ECM #11: Demand Control Ventilation 911 Communications Center Conference Room Estimated Annual Savings: $2,300 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $7,430 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $7,430 Simple Payback (years): 3.2 Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): 7 Building codes require that a minimum amount of fresh air be provided to ensure adequate air quality. To comply, ventilation systems often operate at a fixed rate based on an assumed occupancy (e.g., 20 cfm per person multiplied by the maximum design occupancy). The result is excessive fresh air volumes which require costly (and unnecessary) conditioning. Demand-controlled ventilation controls the amount of outside air based upon the CO 2 levels generated by building occupants. Demand ventilation should be added to any return air system where space occupancy varies dramatically dining room and common areas. By installing CO 2 sensors and controlling the CO 2 level at less than 1000 PPM, the outside air flow is kept to the absolute minimum while space conditions are kept in compliance with building codes and standards such as the ASHRAE Indoor Air Quality Standard. Page 54

55 ECM #12: Premium Efficiency Motors North Police JFK Rec Center Engine #10 Fire 110 Traffic & Signals TOTAL Estimated Annual Savings: $50 $1,820 $50 $160 $50 $2,130 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $520 $5,340 $470 $1,430 $520 $8,280 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $50 $510 $50 $170 $50 $830 Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $470 $4,830 $420 $1,260 $470 $7,450 Simple Payback (years): Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): Most of the existing motors serving pumps are standard efficiency motors. See the Appendix for a detailed list of motors surveyed for this ECM. Typical Efficiencies for Standard & Premium Motors (1800 RPM Open Drip-Proof Motors) HP QTY STANDARD EFFICIENCY PREMIUM EFFICIENCY % 93% Dome-Tech recommends the HHW pump motors at North Police, Engine 10, 110 Williams and Traffic and Signals, the CHW pump motors at 110 Williams and the pool pump motors at the JFK Rec Centers be replaced with new premium efficiency motors. The new motors would reduce the electrical consumption of the building. Page 55

56 ECM #13: Replace Boilers with High Efficiency Modulating Condensing Boilers Several buildings are equipped with older cast iron or fire tube, heating hot water boilers. For the most part, these boilers are old and are nearing the end of the equipment service life (ASHRAE states the service life of similar equipment to be 25 years). The ages, sizes, types and configurations of the boilers do not lend themselves to efficient operation. Generally, as boilers approach the end of their service life, the efficiency degrades and the boiler must consume more fuel in order to produce the same rated output. In addition, there is a direct correlation between risk of equipment failure (tube breaks & meltdown, shell cracks, furnace surface area failure) and equipment age. If the existing boilers could be replaced by high efficiency, modulating or modular condensing boilers, savings will be realized in two ways. Modulating boilers, usually 1,000 MBH or smaller, employ multiple burners to meet the heating load. Each burner operates independently, eliminating the all on/all off operation of single burner boilers. As building load increases only those burners necessary to meet the load are fired. This allows each burner to run at optimal efficiency. Modular boilers operate under the same principal but for larger installations. In this case multiple boilers are used rather than multiple burners. Modular boilers usually are employed in 1000, 2000 or 3000 MBH sizes. Condensing boilers recover energy from the exhaust gas thus allowing efficiencies of 90% and above. When a boiler is both a modulating/modular type and a condensing type, extremely high efficiencies can be realized. Picture: Old Cast Iron Sectional Picture: Old Fire-Tube Boiler Boiler (North Police) (Kennedy Center) City of Newark, City of Newark, NJ Page 56 FINAL Energy Audit Report, January 2011

57 ECM #13: Replace Boilers w/ High Efficiency Modulating Condensing Boilers (continued) The high first cost of a new boiler system may preclude this ECM from being justified by economics alone at some of the facilities. However, reliability issues warrant consideration of these projects as part of a long-term capital improvement plan. The ECM table details the economics at each site Building North Police JFK Rec Center TOTAL Estimated Annual Savings: $15,300 $38,100 $9,840 $7,010 $70,250 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $264,000 $416,000 $252,000 $118,000 $1,050,000 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $4,000 $8,000 $5,250 $2,000 $19,250 Avoided Cost (Like and Kind Replacement): * $185,000 $314,000 $174,000 $97,900 $770,900 Estimated Incremental Implementation Cost: $75,000 $94,000 $72,750 $18,100 $259,850 Estimated Simple Payback (years): (Incremental and without Avoided Costs) 4.9 (17.0) 2.5 (10.7) 7.4 (25.1) 2.6 (16.5) 3.7 (14.7) Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): NOTE 1: The presented economics should be used for planning purposes only. If the client decides to proceed with any boiler replacement project, these economics should be refined with an investment grade analysis. NOTE 2: Due to incomplete billing data for the Kennedy Center the fuel savings which are based on boiler load calculation are larger than annual natural gas expenditure. * Note: Avoided Cost = Cost of Like and Kind replacement.. City of Newark, City of Newark, NJ Page 57 FINAL Energy Audit Report, January 2011

58 ECM #14: Install Timers on Hot Water Re-circulator Pump Finance Building Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: * $60 Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $230 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $230 Estimated Simple Payback (years): 3.8 Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): 0 The Finance Building has a 1/8 HP pump that circulates domestic hot water around the building so that occupants have quick access to hot water on all floors. The pump operates 24/7 Placing a timer on the unit will turn it off during unoccupied hours and turn it back on two hours prior to occupation. This setback schedule eliminates energy used circulating DHW to all floors when the building is not occupied. Finance Bldg DHW Pump *Equipment cost only. Assumes install by staff. Page 58

59 ECM #15: Lighting Upgrade Although most of the current light fixtures have higher efficiency T-8 fluorescent lamps and ballasts, improved light fixture designs will further reduce lighting energy costs by re-lamping to lower wattage 25 Watt T8 lamps or retrofitting T12 fixtures to higher efficiency T8 while maintaining the minimum lighting output as per state codes. Many areas were observed to have lights on regardless of occupancy. Installing occupancy sensors in these areas will automatically turn lights on/off according to actual occupancy by sensing the presence of people in the room. Occupancy sensors will reduce lighting energy costs by approximately 30%*. *Source: Turner, Wayne, Energy Management Handbook, Summary Tables are located on the following page. Inventory and full building summaries in the Appendix Page 59

60 Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: ECM #15: Lighting Upgrade North Police JFK Rec Center 311 Call Center 911 Com Center Engine #10 Fire TOTAL $11,400 $7,800 $4,280 $13,700 $4,860 $10,600 $7,870 $60,510 $29,700 $53,300 $17,500 $65,600 $29,200 $54,600 $18,200 $268,100 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $7,100 $10,200 $3,940 $12,200 $4,740 $10,100 $2,280 $50,560 Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $22,600 $43,100 $13,560 $53,400 $24,460 $44,500 $15,920 $217,540 Estimated Simple Payback (years): Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: Archive & Graphic Finance Bldg Ironbound Rec Ctrs Sanitation Building Symphony Hall Traffic & Signals TOTAL $5,020 $7,150 $2,170 $18,300 $1,230 $3,720 $37,590 $10,600 $18,600 $8,310 $51,800 $197,000 $17,900 $126,910 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $190 $2,400 $410 $12,200 $7,830 $1,920 $24,950 Estimated Net Implementation Costs: $10,410 $16,200 $7,900 $39,600 $189,170 $15,980 $279,260 Estimated Simple Payback (years): Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): Page 60

61 ECM # 16: Install Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) on Unit Ventilator Blower Fans Health Estimated Annual Savings: $4,700 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $38,500 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $38,500 Simple Payback (years): 8.2 Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): 9 Currently, the blower fans on the Unit Ventilators run at constant speed. Installation of fractional horsepower variable frequency drives (VFD) on the Unit Ventilators (UV) will reduce fan power energy. When the temperature setpoint is satisfied, the VFD on the blower motor will reduce fan speeds and save energy. Installing fractional HP Power VFD s will provide at least $1,260 in annual savings. Page 61

62 ECM #17: Replace Window AC Units Sanitation Building Estimated Annual Energy Cost Savings: $90 Estimated Gross Implementation Costs: $1,000 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 Estimated Incremental Implementation Costs: $1,000 Simple Payback (years): 11.1 Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): 0 Window air conditioning units were installed at the Sanitation Building providing localized air conditioning for small private offices and storage areas. Most units are in poor physical condition, and inefficient compared to today s standards. Dome-Tech recommends replacing these units with new higher efficiency units. Window AC Unit New 10.5 SEER (Seasonal Energy Efficiency Rating) units are estimated to be at least 14% more efficient at full/part loads than the existing equipment. Page 62

63 ECM #18: Upgrade Air Handling Units with High Efficiency Units 311 Call Center 911 Com Center Engine #10 Fire 94 Traffic & Signals TOTAL Estimated Annual Savings: ** $400 $2,200 $700 $2,600 $700 $6,600 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $69,500 $179,000 $37,800 $163,000 $37,800 $487,100 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $1,700 $3,440 $2,370 $4,250 $2,430 $14,190 Estimated Avoided Costs:*** $65,300 $170,450 $31,800 $148,250 $31,800 $447,600 Estimated Incremental Implementation Cost: $2,500 $5,110 $3,630 $10,500 $3,570 $25,310 Estimated Simple Payback (years): (Incremental and without Avoided Costs) 6.3 (169.5) 2.3 (79.8) 5.2 (50.6) 4.4 (62.7) 5.1 (50.5) 3.8 (71.7) Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): The existing rooftop units (RTUs) at several buildings are nearing the end of their estimated equipment service life (EESL) per ASHRAE standards (The EESL for package rooftop units is 15 years). Replacing these RTU s with new, higher efficiency units will reduce annual energy and maintenance costs. New Jersey SmartStart offers rebates that typically pay for the incremental cost to upgrade to higher efficient units. Energy Efficiency Ratios* Picture: Kennedy Center Rooftop Unit Unit Capacity (tons) Existing Proposed *Energy Efficiency Ratios: EER is the rating of cooling output (Btu) divided by the electrical energy input (watts). The higher the EER, the more efficient the unit. **Savings do not include maintenance savings. * **Note: Avoided Cost = Cost of Like and Kind replacement.. City of Newark, City of Newark, NJ Page 63 FINAL Energy Audit Report, January 2011

64 ECM #19: Upgrade Windows and Replace Doors North Police NOTE: The presented economics should be used for planning purposes only. these economics should be refined with an investment grade analysis. Finance Building Symphony Hall TOTAL Estimated Annual Savings: $4,250 $2,620 $630 $7,510 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $1,516,000 $673,000 $154,000 $2,343,000 NJ Smart Start Rebate: $0 $0 $0 $0 Net Estimated Implementation Cost: $1,516,000 $673,000 $154,000 $2,343,000 Simple Payback (years): Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): If the client decides to proceed with the window replacement project, A survey of the facilities revealed a mixture of types and sizes of windows, doors and functionality and condition varied throughout the building. A window and door replacement project would result in a significant improvement in heat retention. In addition, increased aesthetic value and occupant comfort would accompany a window and door project. It should be noted however, that even an optimized window project can rarely be justified solely on economic payback. Because the economics alone are not sufficient to justify implementation, occupant comfort and aesthetics should be the overriding considerations in moving forward with this project. Page 64

65 ECM # 20: Creation of an Energy Awareness & Education Program Estimated Annual Savings: $10,000 - $15,000 Gross Estimated Implementation Cost: $1500 each Expected Rebate / Energy Efficiency Credit: None Net Estimated Implementation Costs: $1500 Simple Payback (yrs): Varies Annual Avoided CO 2 Emissions (tons): Varies Cost per Ton CO 2 Reduction ($/ton): Varies The city has no observed program in place. Local Municipalities can have a potentially large impact on promoting an energy conscious and conservation-minded society that starts in their community leading to energy cost reductions, environmental benefits, and national energy independence. In addition, city s can receive recognition for their efforts and possible media coverage, which can contribute to enhanced community spirit, and individual feelings of accomplishment and connection. Page 65

66 Renewable/Distributed Energy Measures Distributed Generation & Renewable Energy Distributed Generation (on-site generation) generates electricity from many small energy sources. These sources can be renewable (solar/wind/geothermal) or can be small scale power generation technologies (CHP, fuel cells, microturbines) Renewable energy is energy generated from natural resources (sunlight, wind, and underground geothermal heat) which are naturally replenished Photovoltaics (solar) are particularly popular in Germany and Spain and growing in popularity in the U.S. Wind power is growing as well, mostly in Europe and the U.S. Page 66

67 Renewable Energy Technologies: Wind Wind turbines generate electricity by harnessing a wind stream's kinetic energy as it spins the turbine airfoils. As with most renewable energy sources, wind energy is subject to intermittent performance due to the unpredictability of wind resources. City of Newark Wind Speed As previously stated, wind speed is critical to the successful wind turbine installation. According to average wind data from NASA s Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy records, the average annual wind speed for the City of Newark area is 4.6 to 5.8 meters per second. Ideal wind speeds for a successful project should average over 6 meters per second. For the City of Newark, Dome-Tech considered three (3) types of wind turbine technologies; building integrated wind turbines (1 kw each) and traditional ground mounted wind turbines (5 kw & 50 kw). It should be noted that none of the City of Newark buildings included in this report appeared to have sufficient property area for the ground mount systems. They are included here for comparison reasons. The integrated systems appeared better suited to the buildings in this report and 94 Williams Street was used for these calculations. Other buildings would show similar results. Building Integrated Wind Turbines Model: AeroVironment AVX1000 Height: 8.5 Rotor Diameter: 6 Weight: 130 lbs. Cut-In Wind Speed: 2.2 m/s Maximum Generating Capacity: 1 kw 5 kw Ground Mount Model: WES5 Tulipo Height: 40 Rotor Diameter: 16 Weight: 1,900 lbs. Cut-In Wind Speed: 3.0 m/s Maximum Generating Capacity: 5.2 kw 50 kw Ground Mount Model: Entegrity EW50 Height: 102 Rotor Diameter: 50 Weight: 21,000 lbs. Cut-In Wind Speed: 4.0 m/s Maximum Generating Capacity: 50 kw Page 67

68 Renewable Energy Technologies: Wind The project economics and wind turbine pros and cons are presented in the following tables: Wind Turbine Economics Building Integrated Ground Mount 5 kw Ground Mount 50 kw Gross Installation Cost Estimate $130,000 $62,400 $250,000 NJJ SSB Rebate $47,498 $37,483 $98,436 Net Installation Cost Estimate $82,502 $24,917 $151,564 Annual Energy Savings $2,553 $2,015 $19,001 Simple Payback 32.3 yrs yrs. 8.0 yrs. System Capacity 20 kw 10 kw 50 kw Annual Avoided Energy Use 14,843 kwh 11,713 kwh 110,472 kwh Annual CO2 Emmisions, Therms % of Annual Electric Use* 3.2% 2.5% 23.7% 94 Williams St: kwh/year. Wind Turbine Pros & Cons Building Integrated Pros Annual reduction in energy spend and use can be potentially reduced by almost $2,500 (3% reduction). Typical equipment life span is years. Reduction of annual greenhouse gas emissions by 5 tons per year. A wind turbine project could be incorporated into science and other curriculums to raise student awareness of energy alternatives. High visible green project. Cons Payback period is significant (over 32 years longer than expected equipment life). Average area wind speed is not ideal and impacts performance. Prone to lighting strikes. Bird collisions are likely, but may be reduced with avian guard (building integrate only). Zoning may be an issue. Check with local zoning regulations. Wind turbines do create noise, although below 50 db (a typical car ride is over 80 db). Roof mount turbines can introduce vibration into building structure. The City of Newark is not an ideal location for wind power but should the City decide to pursue a wind turbine project, Dome-Tech recommends commissioning a more detailed study. Page 68

69 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic Sunlight can be converted into electricity using photovoltaics (PV). A solar cell or photovoltaic cell is a device that converts sunlight directly into electricity. Photons in sunlight hit the solar panel and are absorbed by semiconducting materials, such as silicon. Electrons are knocked loose from their atoms, allowing them to flow through the material to produce electricity. Solar cells are often electrically connected and encapsulated as a module, in series, creating an additive voltage. The modules are connected in an array. The power output of an array is measured in watts or kilowatts, and typical energy needs are measured in kilowatt-hours. Solar system arrays are recommended in this application for potenial placement on additional selected areas. Page 69

70 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Non-Financial Benefits of Solar PV The implementation of solar PV projects in City of Newark would place your facilities at the forefront of renewable energy utilization. This allows the City the opportunity to not only gain experience with this energy technology, but also to win recognition as an environmentally sensitive, socially conscience government. Additionally, these projects could be incorporated into science education and additional curriculums in the local schools to raise awareness of current energy alternatives to the younger generations. Page 70

71 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 19 kw dc 20,000 kwh 590,800 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 3% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.159 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $3,180 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $380 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $12,793 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK - NORTH POLICE COMPLEX Assumptions 6.7 years IRR (25 Years) 13.0% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $33,613 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $94,875 Page 71

72 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 42 kw dc 43,999 kwh 60,890 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 72% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.175 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $7,700 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $835 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $28,145 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK - SYMPHONY HALL Assumptions 6.5 years IRR (25 Years) 13.6% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $84,206 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $208,725 Page 72

73 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 284 kw dc 299,086 kwh 1,479,000 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 20% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.146 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $43,667 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $5,675 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $191,316 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK - JFK REC CENTER Assumptions 8.3 years IRR (25 Years) 9.6% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $183,284 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $1,702,575 Page 73

74 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 63 kw dc 66,544 kwh 1,049,160 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 6% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.144 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $9,582 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $1,263 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $42,566 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK - IRONBOUND RECREATION CENTER Assumptions 8.3 years IRR (25 Years) 9.5% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $38,840 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $378,810 Page 74

75 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 66 kw dc 69,914 kwh 373,080 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 19% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.148 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $10,347 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $1,327 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $44,722 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK - ENGINE #10 FIREHOUSE Assumptions 8.3 years IRR (25 Years) 9.7% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $44,881 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $397,992 Page 75

76 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 3 kw dc 2,727 kwh 1,034,200 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 0.3% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.154 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $420 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $52 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $1,745 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK - FINANCE BUILDING Assumptions 6.7 years IRR (25 Years) 12.9% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $4,385 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $12,938 Page 76

77 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 52 kw dc 54,811 kwh 266,130 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 21% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.158 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $8,660 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $1,040 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $35,061 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK - ARCHIVES AND RECORDS Assumptions 8.1 years IRR (25 Years) 10.0% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $43,171 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $312,018 Page 77

78 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 12 kw dc 12,363 kwh 769,559 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 2% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.148 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $1,830 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $235 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $7,909 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK CALL CENTER Assumptions 6.8 years IRR (25 Years) 12.6% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $18,798 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $58,650 Page 78

79 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 10 kw dc 10,909 kwh 1,019,000 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 1% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.156 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $1,702 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $207 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $6,978 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK CALL CENTER Assumptions 6.7 years IRR (25 Years) 12.9% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $17,858 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $51,750 Page 79

80 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 7 kw dc 7,091 kwh 691,600 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 1% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.171 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $1,213 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $135 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $4,536 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK - HEALTH DEPARTMENT 110 William Assumptions 6.5 years IRR (25 Years) 13.5% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $13,157 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $33,638 Page 80

81 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 54 kw dc 57,017 kwh 591,630 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 10% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.149 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $8,496 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $1,082 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $36,472 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK - SANITATION BUILDING Assumptions 8.3 years IRR (25 Years) 9.7% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $37,433 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $324,576 Page 81

82 Renewable Energy Technologies: Solar Photovoltaic Solar Photovoltaic System Capacity, kw-dc (maximum utilization of roof space) Estimated Annual AC Energy Produced by Proposed Solar PV System Total Annual Facility Electric Use, kwhrs 17 kw dc 17,454 kwh 372,640 kwh Proposed % of Total Annual kwh supplied by Solar PV 5% All-In Rate for Electric Year 1 $0.153 / kwh Year 1 Electric Cost Savings $2,670 Year 1 Maintenance Costs $331 Estimated Year 1 SREC Value: $640 / SREC Estimated Year 1 SREC Revenue: $11,165 Financial Results Actual Payback Install Roof Mount Solar Photovoltaic System(s) CITY OF NEWARK - TRAFFIC AND SIGNALS BUILDING Assumptions 6.7 years IRR (25 Years) 12.8% Net Present Value (25 yrs, 8% discount rate) $27,810 Cost and Rebate / Tax Incentives Cost per kw installed $6,000 System Installed Cost (does not include value of tax credits) $82,800 Page 82

83 Renewable Energy Technologies: CHP/Cogeneration CHP (combined heat and power) or cogeneration is the use of a heat engine to simultaneously generate both electricity and useful heat. Fuel Cells are electrochemical conversion devices that operate by catalysis, separation the protons and the electrons of the reactant fuel, and forcing the electrons to travel through a circuit to produce electricity. The catalyst is typically a platinum group metal or alloy. Another catalytic process takes the electrons back in, combining them with the protons and oxidant, producing waste products (usually water and carbon dioxide). Microturbines are rotary engines that extract energy from a flow of combustion gas. They can be used with absorption chillers to provide cooling through waste heat rather than electricity. Microturbines are best suited for facilities with year-round thermal and/or cooling loads. Not recommended for City of Newark due to the lack of thermal requirements in the summertime. Page 83

84 Utility Tariff and Rate Review: Electricity Accounts and Rate Class: The City of Newark has fourteen facilities with fourteen electric accounts with service behind Public Service Electric & Gas under rate classes Large Power and Lighting Secondary (LPLS) and General Lighting and Power (GLP). Electric Consumption and Cost: Based on the one-year period studied, the total annual electric expenditure for the City is about $1,392,000 and the total annual consumption is about 9,019,000 kilowatt-hours (kwh). Average/Effective Rate per kwh: For the one year period studied, the City s average monthly cost per kilowatt-hour ranged from /kwh to /kwh, inclusive of utility delivery charges. The City s overall, average cost per kilowatt-hour during this period was /kwh. o Note that these average electric rates are all inclusive ; that is, they include all supply service (generation and commodity-related) charges, as well as all delivery service charges. The supply service charges typically represent the majority (60-80%) of the total monthly bill. It is the supply portion of your bill that is deregulated, which is discussed on subsequent slides in this section. Page 84

85 Utility Tariff and Rate Review: Natural Gas Accounts and Rate Class: The City of Newark has fourteen facilities with eleven natural gas accounts with service behind Public Service Electric & Gas under rate classes General Service Gas (GSG) and Large Volume Gas (LVG). Natural Gas Consumption and Cost: Based on the one-year period studied, the total annual natural gas expenditure for the City is about $339,000 and the total annual consumption is about 314,000 therms (th). Natural gas is used predominantly throughout the winter period for heating purposes. Average/Effective Rate per Therm: For the one year period studied, the City s overall, average cost per therm during this period was $1.077 per therm. o Note that these average natural gas rates are all inclusive ; that is, they include all supply service (interstate transportation and commodity-related) charges, as well as all delivery service charges. The supply service charges typically represent the majority (60-80%) of the total monthly bill. It is the supply portion of your bill that is deregulated, which is discussed on subsequent slides in this section. Page 85

86 Utility Deregulation in New Jersey: Background and Retail Energy Purchasing In August 2003, per the Electric Discount and Energy Competition Act [N.J.S.A 48:3-49], the State of New Jersey deregulated its electric marketplace thus making it possible for customers to shop for a third-party (someone other than the utility) supplier of retail electricity. Per this process, every single electric account for every customer in New Jersey was placed into one of two categories: BGS-FP or BGS-CIEP. BGS-FP stands for Basic Generation Service-Fixed Price; BGS-CIEP stands for Basic Generation Service-Commercial and Industrial Energy Pricing. At its first pass, this categorization of accounts was based on rate class. The largest electric accounts in the State (those served under a Primary or a Transmission-level rate class) were moved into BGS-CIEP pricing. All other accounts (the vast majority of accounts in the State of New Jersey, including residential) were placed in the BGS-FP category, receiving default electric supply service from the utility. The New Jersey Board of Public Utilities (NJBPU) has continued to move new large energy users from the BGS-FP category into the BGS-CIEP category by lowering the demand (kw) threshold for electric accounts receiving Secondary service. Several years ago, this threshold started at 1,500kW; now, it has come down to 1,000 kw. So, if an account s peak load share (as assigned by the utility) is less than 1,000 kw, then that facility/account is in the BGS-FP category. If you are unsure, you may contact Dome-tech for assistance. Page 86

87 Utility Deregulation in New Jersey: Background and Retail Energy Purchasing (cont.) There are at least 3 important differentiating factors to note about each rate category: 1. The rate structure for BGS-FP accounts and for BGS-CIEP accounts varies. 2. The do-nothing option (ie, what happenswhen you don t shop for retail energy) varies. 3. The decision about whether, and why, to shop for a retail provider varies. Secondary (small to medium) Electric Accounts: o o BGS-FP rate schedules for all utilities are set, and re-set, each year. Per the results of our State s BGS Auction process, held each February, new utility default rates go into effect every year on June 1 st. The BGS-FP rates become each customer s default rates, and they dictate a customer s Price to Compare (benchmark) for shopping purposes. To learn more about the BGS Auction process, please go to A customer s decision about whether to buy energy from a retail energy supplier is, therefore, dependent upon whether a supplier can offer rates that are lower than the utility s (default) Price to Compare. In 2009, and for the first time in several years, many BGS-FP customers have switched from the utility to a retail energy supplier because there have been savings. This may be the same case in Primary (large) Electric Accounts: o The BGS-CIEP category is quite different. There are two main features to note about BGS-CIEP accounts that do not switch to a retail supplier for service. The first is that they pay an hourly market rate for energy; the second is that these accounts also pay a retail margin adder of $0.0053/kWh. For these large accounts, this retail adder can amount to tens of thousands of dollars. The adder is eliminated when a customer switches to a retail supplier for service. o o For BGS-CIEP accounts, the retail adder makes a customer s decision about whether to switch relatively simple. However, the process of setting forth a buying strategy can be complex, which is why many public entities seek professional assistance when shopping for energy. For more information concerning hourly electric market prices for our region, please refer to Page 87

88 Utility Deregulation in New Jersey: Background and Retail Energy Purchasing (cont.) Natural Gas Accounts: o The natural gas market in New Jersey is also deregulated. Unlike the electric market, there are no penalties, or adders, for not shopping for natural gas. Most customers that remain with the utility for natural gas service pay rates that are market-based and that fluctuate on a monthly basis. While natural gas is a commodity that is exceptionally volatile and that is traded minute-by-minute during open trading sessions, market rates are settled each month, 3 business days prior to the subsequent month (this is called the prompt month ). Customers that do not shop for a natural gas supplier will typically pay this monthly settlement rate to the utility, plus other costs that are necessary to bring gas from Louisiana up to New Jersey and ultimately to your facility. o For additional information about natural gas trading and current market futures rates for various commodities, you can refer to o A customer s decision about whether to buy natural gas from a retail supplier is typically dependent upon whether a customer seeks budget certainty and/or longer-term rate stability. Customers can secure longer-term fixed prices by enlisting a retail natural gas supplier. Many larger natural gas customers also seek the assistance of a professional consultant to assist in their procurement process. Page 88

89 Retail Energy Purchasing: Recommendations and Resources Electric o Natural Gas o Based on current and recent market conditions, and actual bid processes run by Dome-Tech for various clients during summer of 2010, we have seen customers with BGS-FP accounts save approximately 10-20% in projected energy costs by switching to retail energy supplier. It is important to note that actual rates and potential savings will be dependent on several factors, including market conditions, account usage characteristics/load profile (load factor), volume, and contract term. For the period studied, the City was not utilizing a third party supplier for electricity. Based on current and recent market conditions, and actual bid processes run by Dome-Tech for various clients during spring of 2010, we have seen many customers entering into longer-term contracts for fixed natural gas rates. These rates vary substantially based on load type, volume, and term. For the period studied, the City was not utilizing a third party supplier for natural gas. Energy Purchasing Co-Operatives Many public entities participate in various energy aggregation buying groups. Sometimes, an entity will have multiple options to choose from. These might include purchasing through a County co-operative, or purchasing through a trade-type association. Co-operative purchasing may not necessarily get you the lowest rates; however, there is often substantial volume, and it can represent a good alternative for entities with limited energy consumption who can have a difficult time getting energy suppliers to respond to them on a direct, singular basis. To determine whether a savings opportunity currently exists for your entity, or for guidance on how to get started, you may contact Dome-Tech to discuss. There is also additional information provided below. Page 89

90 Retail Energy Purchasing: Recommendations and Resources (cont.) To learn more about energy deregulation, visit the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities website: For more information about the retail energy supply companies that are licensed and registered to serve customers in New Jersey, visit the following website for more information: Provided below is a list of NJ BPU-licensed retail energy suppliers: Company Electricity Natural Gas Website Hess X X hess.com Sprague X X spragueenergy.com UGI X X ugienergyservices.com South Jersey Energy X X southjerseyenergy.com Direct X X directenergy.com Global X X globalp.com Liberty X libertpowercorp.cm ConEd Solutions X conedsolutions.com Constellation X newenergy.com Glacial X glacialenergy.com Integrys X integrysenergy.com Suez X suezenergyresources.com Sempra X semprasolutions.com Woodruff X woodruffenergy.com Mx Energy X mxenergy.com Hudson X hudsonenergyservices.com Great Eastern X greateasterngas.com *Note: Not every Supplier serves customers in all utility territories within New Jersey. Page 90

91 Historical Energy Futures Settlement Prices Below please find graphs that show the last several years worth of market settlement prices for both natural gas and electricity. Each of these graphs shows the average closing prices of a rolling 12-month period of energy futures prices. The graphs are representative of the commodity, alone; they do not include any of the additional components (capacity, transmission, ancillary services, etc.) that comprise a retail energy price. They are meant to provide an indication of the level of pricing that a particular customer might expect to see, but the graphs do not account for the specific load profile of any individual energy user. Henry Hub 12 month strip PJM West 12 month strip Page 91

92 Potential Project Funding Sources Through the NJ Clean Energy program, the New Jersey Board of Public Utilities currently offers a variety of subsidies or rebates for many of the project types outlined in this report. More detailed information can be found at: NJ Smart Start Buildings Equipment Rebates noted in ECMs where available. Equipment Rebates - Water Heaters, Lighting, Lighting Controls/Sensors, Chillers, Boilers, Heat pumps, Air conditioners, Energy Mgmt. Systems/Building Controls, Motors, Motor-ASDs/VSDs, Custom/Others Pay for Performance Program Performance-Based Incentives for installations. Provides up to 50% of total project costs. The Kennedy Center could be provided under this program up to $50,000 in incentives for project implementation. A minimum reduction target of 15% compared to baseline must be achieved. Energy modeling of building and systems and energy reduction plan is required (incentives provided to pay for part of study costs.) Energy Savings Improvement Program (ESIP) Public entities can contract with energy saving companies in up to 20-year lease purchases enabling public entities to implement energy conservation measures to their facilities and pay for the costs using the value of energy savings that result from the improvements. Page 92

93 Potential Project Funding Sources (continued) Direct Install Program NJ Clean Energy makes the investment in energy efficiency upgrades by initially covering 60% of the cost to install the recommended energy efficiency measures. If eligible, the entity will pay ONLY 40% of the total cost to install the energy efficiency measures. We encourage you to contact the program directly for further information on this program for all buildings. Steps to Participate for Buildings 1. CONTACT THE PARTICIPATING CONTRACTOR IN YOUR AREA Identify the contractor assigned and trained to provide Direct Install services in the county where your project is located. Using the contact information provided, call or the Participating Contractor to discuss your project. The contractor will schedule an Energy Assessment and work with you to complete the Program Application and Participation Agreement. If you re unable to contact the Participating Contractor or have questions, you may contact us at 866-NJSMART or send an to 2. REVIEW RESULTS After the Energy Assessment, the contractor will review results with you, including what measures qualify and your share of the project cost. 3. DECIDE TO MOVE FORWARD You will sign a Scope of Work document to proceed with implementation of qualifying measures. 4. ARRANGE INSTALLATION You and the Participating Contractor will set a convenient start date for the installation. 5. CONFIRM INSTALLATION Once the Participating Contractor completes the installation, you accept the work by signing a Project Completion Form. A program representative will approve the project as complete. 6. COMPLETE TRANSACTION You pay the Participating Contractor your share of the project cost and the program pays its share. Page 93

94 Potential Project Funding Sources (continued) Clean Energy Solutions Capital Investment Loan/Grant The EDA offers up to $5 million in interest-free loans and grants to promote the concept of "going green" in New Jersey. Under this program, scoring criteria based on the project's environmental and economic development impact determines the percentage split of loan and grant awarded. Funding can be used to purchase fixed assets, including real estate and equipment, for an end-use energy efficiency project, combined heat and power (CHP or cogen) production facility, or new state-of-the-art efficient electric generation facility, including Class I and Class II renewable Energy. 2&levelid=6&midid=1357 Clean Renewable Energy Bonds (CREBs) For Renewable Energy Projects Federal Loan Program for Solar Thermal Electric, Photovoltaics, Landfill Gas, Wind, Biomass, Hydroelectric, Geothermal Electric, Municipal Solid Waste, Hydrokinetic Power, Anaerobic Digestion, Tidal Energy, Wave Energy, Ocean Thermal Renewable funding for PV & wind, plus federal credits currently available: Page 94