India's Intended Nationally Determined Contributions Towards Climate Justice. Government of India Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change

Transcription

1 India's Intended Natinally Determined Cntributins Twards Climate Justice Gvernment f India Ministry f Envirnment, Frest and Climate Change 1

2 Backgrund 1997 Kyt Prtcl- Annex I Parties cmmit t take binding reductin targets 2007 Bali COP: Intrductin f Natinally Apprpriate Mitigatin Actins (NAMA), t engage develping cuntries in vluntary mitigatin effrt (Cpenhagen & Cancun COP): cmprehensive internatinal system fr cllective actin and majr develping cuntries (including India) annunced vluntary mitigatin pledges 2011 Durban COP: ADP launched fr evlving a new agreement fr pst-2020 perid Warsaw & Lima COP : INDC cncept fr all cuntries Gradually Develping cuntries have assumed greater respnsibilities 2

3 INDC Mandate 19 th COP in Warsaw (2013) All cuntries required t prepare INDCs and present them befre COP 21 in Paris 20 th COP in Lima (2014) Further clarity n frm f INDC: nt mitigatin centric and can include ther cmpnents as per cuntry pririties 3

4 Climate Change Histry Histrical Emissins since 1880 has resulted in rise in glbal temperature by 0.85 Celsius Histrical carbn space ccupied by varius cuntries in 2009 (1850 as base year): USA: 29% Other Develped cuntries: 45% China: 10% Other Emerging Ecnmies: 9% India: 3% India, even thugh nt part f prblem, wants t be part f slutin. 4

5 Emissins by Cuntries (2012) Cuntry CO 2 Emissins per year (billin tns) %age Share in Glbal Annual Emissins CO 2 Emissins per capita (tns/persn) Wrld % 4.9 China % 7.1 United States % 16.4 Eurpean Unin % 7.4 India % 1.6 Russia % 12.4 Japan %

6 Natinal Circumstances & Challenges India: 2.4% f wrld surface area 17.5% f wrld s human ppulatin 17.5% f wrld s cattle ppulatin Pverty: 30% f the ppulatin lives in pverty Husing : 20% f ppulatin withut prper husing Electricity: 25% withut electricity Per capita cnsumptin 1/10 th f develped wrld Drinking Water: 92 millin withut safe drinking water Human Develpment Index: Glbal rank f 135 India s pririty: Pverty eradicatin Sustainable grwth 6

7 Prcess fr Develping INDC Multiple cnsultatins with Ministries, Niti Aayg, State gvernments, Industry Assciatins, Civil Sciety Grups, Academic Institutins and Think tanks Cnsultatins with members f PM Cuncil n Climate Change Prime Minister level cnsultatin with Ministers Based n existing & cntemplated plans, plicies & prgrams Natinal & State Actin Plans fr Climate Change lay the fundatin Planning ahead ver a 15year frame instead f 5 year Interests f farmers and pr prtected 7

8 Leadership f Hn ble Prime Minister f India Guided the prcess f frmulating India s INDC Ambitius target fr renewable & electricity t all: 175 GW Renewable energy target by GW f Slar, 60 GW f Wind, 10 GW f bimass and 5 GW f small hydel Swachh Bharat Missin, Cleaning f rivers, Zer Effect Zer Defect, Make in India, Smart Cities Missin, Husing fr all Laid emphasis n: Sustainable Develpment Climate Justice Lifestyles 8

9 Current Climate Change Pledge Current vluntary pledge by India: 20-25% reductin in Emissin intensity f GDP by 2020 cmpared t 2005 levels Achievement : 12% reductin between 2005 and 2010 ( estimate) India is cnfident f achieving this pledge UNEP Emissin Gap Reprt 2014 recgnized India as achiever f vluntary gal 9

10 India s INDCs Cmprehensive and balanced: includes Adaptatin, Mitigatin, requirement fr Finance, Technlgy transfer, Capacity Building Cnsiders rapid grwth till 2030 Fr a ppulatin f abut 1.5 billin, with 40% living in urban areas Incrprates develpment pririties such as: Electricity fr all Husing fr all Pverty eradicatin Infrastructure fr Educatin & Health fr all Make in India Infrastructure develpment 10

11 Reduce Emissin Intensity f GDP Gal: T Reduce the emissins intensity f its GDP By 33-35% by 2030 frm 2005 level. 75% jump in ambitin ver 2020 Avided emissins: 3.59 billin tnne f CO 2 equivalent ver BAU Our natinal plans ambitius and purpseful: Thrust n Renewable Energy and Prmtin f Clean Energy; Enhancing Energy Efficiency Climate Resilient Urban Centres and Sustainable Green transprtatin Netwrk Swachh Bharat Missin, Cleaning f rivers, Zer Effect Zer Defect, Make in India 11

12 High Ecnmic grwth pssible with lw per capita emissins India s Per capita emissins in 2030: remain lwer than the current glbal average f Develped Natins metric tnnes f CO 2 equivalent 12

13 Increase the Share f Nn Fssil Fuel Based Electricity Gal: T achieve 40% f electric pwer installed capacity frm nn-fssil fuel by 2030 A jump f 33% ver nn-fssil fuel capacity f 2015 India running ne f the largest renewable capacity expansin prgrams in wrld The 175 GW target by 2022 will result in abatement f 326 millin tns f CO 2 equivalent/year. Mre prgress after T include wind pwer, slar, hydrpwer, bimass, waste t energy and nuclear pwer. 13

14 Increase the Share f Nn Fssil Fuel Based Electricity Slarizatin f all petrl pumps, tll plazas acrss cuntry Onging scheme fr develpment f 25 Slar Parks Ultra Mega Slar Pwer Prjects Canal tp slar prjects One hundred thusand slar pumps fr farmers India t anchr a glbal slar alliance New missins n wind energy and waste t energy Green Energy Crridr prjects being rlled ut t ensure evacuatin frm renewable energy plants 14

15 Enhancing Frests Carbn Sink Gal: T Create additinal carbn sink f billin tnnes f CO 2 equivalent thrugh additinal frest and tree cver (increase f abut millin tnne f carbn stck) 15 Emphasis n India s Plans t enhance its carbn sink: Full implementatin f Green India Missin Launched Green Highways Plicy: 140,000 km lng tree-line alng bth sides f natinal highways. 1% f prject cst t be earmarked fr plantatin Plantatin alng Rivers: part f the Namami Gange Missin Cnt

16 Enhancing Frests Carbn Sink 16 Finance Cmmissin (FC) Incentive fr creatin f carbn sink: devlutin f funds t states frm federal pl (attaches 7.5 % weight t area under frest). Reductin in cnsumptin f wd/ bimass as fuel Funds frm Cmpensatry Affrestatin Fund Management and Planning Authrity (CAMPA): USD 6 billin prpsed t be given t States Other Plicies including: REDD-plus Natinal Agr-frestry Plicy (NAP) Jint Frest Management Natinal Affrestatin Prgramme

17 Adaptatin Cmpnent Gal: T better adapt t climate change by enhancing investments in develpment prgrammes in sectrs vulnerable t climate change, particularly agriculture, water resurces, Himalayan regin, castal regins, health and disaster management High vulnerability f India t climate change impacts due t pverty & dependence f a large ppulatin n climate sensitive sectrs fr livelihd. Cnt 17

18 Adaptatin Cmpnent Strategies and initiatives include actins in agriculture, water, health, castal regin & islands, disaster management, prtecting bidiversity and Himalayan ecsystem and securing rural livelihd. New missins n Health and Castal Areas. redesigning Natinal Water Missin & Natinal Missin n Sustainable Agriculture India has set up a INR 350 Crres (USD 55.6 millin) Natinal Adaptatin Fund 18

19 Mbilizing Finance Gal: T Mbilize Dmestic and New & additinal funds frm develped cuntries t implement the abve mitigatin and adaptatin actins in view f the resurce required and the resurce gap. USD 2.5 trillin (at prices) required fr meeting India's climate change actins between nw and 2030 as per preliminary estimates 19 Rati f emissin avided per dllar invested & ecnmic grwth attained wuld be relatively mre favurable in case f investments made in India

20 Technlgy Develpment &Transfer Gal: T build capacities, create dmestic framewrk and internatinal architecture fr quick diffusin f cutting edge climate technlgy in India and fr jint cllabrative R&D fr such future technlgies. Critical technlgies need t be facilitated via GCF Glbal cllabratin in R&D Preliminary and illustrative list f select technlgies given in India s INDC 20

21 Sustainable Lifestyle Gal: T put frward and further prpagate a healthy and sustainable way f living based n traditins and values f cnservatin and mderatin Extravagant lifestyles will require 5 planets Sustainable lifestyle will require 1 planet 21 Prmte Sustainable Lifestyles based n needs based cnsumptin.

22 Gal: Cleaner Ecnmic Develpment T adpt a climate friendly and a cleaner path than the ne fllwed hithert by thers at crrespnding level f ecnmic develpment At cmparable levels f incme, India s Grwth Path much mre cleaner and greener & will cntinue t be s 22 India s current per capita GDP in PPP terms (Purchasing Pwer Parity) achieved at a substantially lwer level f emissins cmpared t develped cuntries Emissin Intensity f Develped cuntries at similar ecnmic level as India s tday was apprx. 0.9 kgco2/$ India s emissin intensity: 0.36 kg CO2/$ (60% less cmpared t develped cuntries)

23 Cnclusin India s cntributins represent the utmst ambitius actin in the current state f develpment It incrprates ur develpmental challenges and pririties Recent decisins f the Gvernment represent a quantum jump in ur aspiratins & demnstrate unparalleled visin India s develpment plans will cntinue t lay a balanced emphasis n ecnmic develpment and envirnment India expects an ambitius, equitable and effective glbal agreement in Paris 23

24 Recent Initiatives f the Gvernment 24 Revisiting natinal missins, creatin f new missins and enhancing f targets etc. Mitigatin Initiatives Renewable Energy target 175 GW & Natinal Slar Missin frm 20 t 100 GW Kchi Airprt wrlds first airprt pwered by slar energy Slar pwered tll plazas Delhi Metr & ther MRTS Natinal Smart Grid Missin & Green Energy Crridr fr efficient transmissin & distributin netwrk

25 25 Initiatives f the Gvernment (cntd.) Swachh Bharat Missin 100 smart cities Atal Missin fr Rejuvenatin &Urban Transfrmatin, urban renewal f 500 cities Zer Effect, Zer Defect t enhance energy & resurce efficiency Launched Green Highways Plicy- develp 140,000 km lng tree-line alng highways FAME India (faster adptin and manufacturing f hybrid electric vehicles) Cuntry's first passenger vehicle fuel-efficiency standards finalized Natinal Air Quality Index launched.

26 26 Initiatives f the Gvernment (cntd.) Adaptatin Strategies Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yjana - rganic farming Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yjana - efficient irrigatin. Neeranchal - watershed develpment. Namami Gange Natinal Initiative n Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) Bureau fr Water Use Efficiency Lifestyle & culture f sustainability

27 Initiatives f the Gvernment Climate Finance Plicies Natinal Adaptatin Fund Reductin in fssil fuel subsidies. Cal Cess increased frm INR 50 t INR 200 per tn. Tax free infrastructure bnds intrduced fr renewable energy 27

28 THANK YOU 28