HCPS III Science Standards Addressed: SC.BS.3.1, SC.BS.3.2, SC.BS.3.3, G.4.2, & G.4.3

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1 Kal Matters Owen S. Yamaguchi Knawaena High Schl HCPS III Science Standards Addressed: SC.BS.3.1, SC.BS.3.2, SC.BS.3.3, G.4.2, & G.4.3 Grade Level: 9-12th Prject Time Span: 1 Quarter T The Teacher: This unit will: 1) intrduce students t the bigechemical cycles within a given ecsystem. 2) enable students t select kal species t ptimize the best grwing cnditins within a specific l'i r mala kal. 3) prvide students the pprtunities t calculate area and vlume during the planning, drafting, and cnstructing f the varius l'i r mala kal. Gals f the Lessn: Develp an understanding f hw bigechemical cycles wrk within the kal plant. The chemical reactin invlved in phtsynthesis, cellular respiratin, and the path f energy and matter exchange. Determine the ptimum match between kal species and the given envirnmental cnditins fr a given l'i r mala kal system. Area and vlume calculatins fr the needed sil, cmpst, and water circulatin speed fr the selected l'i r mala kal plts. Student Learning Objectives (Benchmarks): This lessn addresses Grade 9 _12th grade benchmarks fr HCPS III Science Standards (Life and Envirnmental Sciences): SC.BS.3.1 Describe bigechemical cycles within ecsystems. SC.BS.3.2 Explain the chemical reactins that ccur in phtsynthesis and cellular respiratin that result in cycling f energy. SC.BS.3.3 Explain hw matter and energy flw thrugh living systems and the physical envirnment. This unit addresses Grade 9-12th grade benchmarks fr HCPS III Mathematics Standards (Gemetry): G.4.2 Slve prblems using the frmulas fr perimeter, circumference, area, and vlume f tw-and three-dimensinal figures and slids. G.4.3 Determine the effect f dimensin changes t perimeter, area, and vlume fr cmmn gemetric figures and slids. Resurces and Materials: Bks Abbt, la, La'au Hawai'i: Traditinal Hawaiian Uses f Plants. Bishp Museum Press, Hnlulu, Hawai'i. 372 p. 175 Prperty f UH Mana - Curriculum Studies

2 Cllege f Trpical Agriculture and Human Resurces, Tar Mauka t Makai. University f Hawai'i, Hnlulu, Hawai'i. Stevens, Richard, Trpical Organic Gardening - Hawaiian Style. Petrglyph Press, Hil, Hawai'i. Websites haracters/cultivatin.html :// Cmmunity Resurces Amy B.H. Greenwell Ethnbtanical Gardens (Captain Ck, Hawai'i). Kawala ancient mala kal sites (Kealakekua, Hawai'i). Materials Area phne bks Tape measure Graph Paper Kal plants fr display and demnstratin Kal crms Gardening tls Instructinal Prcedures: 1) Explain the significance f the interrelatinship f the Kal plant t the cycles f matter and energy in the envirnment. a. Intrduce the cncept f bigechemical cmpund cycling (e.g., water, carbn, nitrgen, xygen, ptassium) needed fr Kal grwth. b. Demnstrate cellular respiratin and phtsynthesis utcmes. c. Diagram the cycle f energy and matter between the Kal plant and the envirnment (I'i r mala kal). 2) Prvide resurces fr students t research varius Kal species. Have students d a hypthesis f a given Kal species in relatin t the cmpatibility ptential t selected l'i r mala kal envirnments. 3) Determine available sites within the Knawaena High Schl Farm t establish l'i r mala kal. Have students measure and calculate the area fr bth dryland (mala kal) and wetland (l'i) fields. Share pssible resurces fr students t research cst factrs fr needed cnstructin and upkeep. Student Learning Activities: W.H.E.R.E. (Understanding By Design) W - Hw will students knw where they are heading and why? Pst essential questin n bulletin bard during each aspect f the unit. 1) What makes the Kal grw? 2) Which Kal fr which l'i r mala kal? 176 Prperty f UH Mana - Curriculum Studies

3 3) Hw t build a l'i r mala kal? Prvide utline guides fr each sectin f the unit. Include key cncepts, vcabulary, skills needed, tasks t be cmpleted with timelines. 1) Bigechemical Cycles & Phtsynthesis Key cncepts/vcabulary: bigechemical cmpunds: water, carbn, nitrgen, xygen, ptassium cellular respiratin phtsynthesis cycle f energy and matter Making predictins given a set f circumstances Cause & Effect graphic rganizer 2) Kal Species & Habitat Key cncepts/vcabulary: Wetland - l'i Dryland - mala kal Types f Kal Kal species identificatin and characteristics Present brief infrmatinal piece (written reprt, pster, diagram, brchure, bklet, speech, vide, phtgraphs, etc.) n recmmendatin f Kal species selectin fr given l'i r mala kal. 3) Building f L'i r Mala Ka Key cncepts/vcabulary: Area Perimeter Vlume Use f apprpriate measurement tls Calculatins fr building site preparatin (land clearing and layut), building csts (sil, cmpst, water cycling, etc.), maintenance csts (fertilizer, weeding, etc.) Drawing f plan and design f l'i r mala kal Cnstructin f l'i r mala kal Develp with students specific criteria fr given perfrmances r prducts. H - Hw t hk students thrugh engaging and thught-prvking experiences (e.g., issues, ddities, prblems, and ch~lienges) that pint tward big ideas, essential questins, and perfrmance tasks. Share Hawaiian legend f the Kal 177 Prperty f UH Mana - Curriculum Studies

4 Prvide samples f Kal in varius cnditins (depravatin r surplus f chemical cmpunds r sunlight). Guest speaker r field trip E - What events, real r simulated, can students experience t make the ideas and issues real? What learning activities will help students t explre the big ideas and essential questins? What instructin is needed t equip students fr the final perfrmance? Experience: Persnal cnnectin t the Hawaiian legend f the Kal Explre: Researching the Kal species, l'i r mala kal sites Field trips--amy B.H. Greenwell Ethnbtanical Garden and/r ancient mala kal sites at Kawala Equip: Hands-n applicatin f putting learning t practice building f a l'i r mala kal and student selectin f Kal species t plant R - Hw will students reflect and rethink, t dig deeper int the cre ideas? Hw will students rehearse, revise, and refine their wrk based n feedback and self-assessment? Reflect: Students will be asked t d an "exit pass" after each class sessin t determine what they learned and what questins they may still have. Rethink: K-W-L (What I Knw, What I Want t Knw, & What I Learned) charting f students learning will be used fr each sectin f the unit f study. Rehearse/Revise/Refine: Self-assessments based n General Learner Outcmes rubric (GLOs) will be used during key pints f the unit. Small grup sharing f prgress with peer feedback and questins will be encuraged thrughut the unit f study. Onging cnferencing with teachers & mentrs will be made available thrughut the building prcess. E - Hw will students exhibit their understanding abut their final perfrmances and prducts? Hw will students self-evaluate t identify their strengths and weaknesses in their wrk and set future gals? Exhibit: Presentatin f Kal species recmmendatins Design & cnstructin f l'i r mala kal L'i r mala kal field site preparatin Evaluate: "Exit Passes," K-W-L charts, & GLO rubric self-assessments will prvide students with identified areas f strengths/needs fr persnalized gal-setting. l78 Prperty f UH Mana - Curriculum Studies

5 Assessments: Frmative (Onging) Assessments: Self: GLO rubric, "Exit Passes," & K-W-L charts Peers: small grup discussins with verbal feedback Summative Assessments G.R.A.S.P.S (Understanding by Design): Authentic Perfrmance Tasks Gal, Rle, Audience, Situatin, Prduct/Perfrmance, Standards fr Success (Criteria): Gal: t plan, design, and cnstruct a wrking l'i r mala kal and research the best match Kal species fr the given system selected. Rle: Yu are a new kal farmer interested in becming a member f a 10'1 r mala kal cperative farming enterprise. Yu are in need f space within a cmmunity planned kal patch. Yu must be able t prvide evidence that yu are knwledgeable f yur crp selectin and have a plan t help build and maintain the l'i r mala kal. Audience: The targeted audience are the land use cmmittee fr the Knawaena High Schl Farm (peers, parents, teachers/mentrs, & cmmunity resurce peple). Situatin: Yu are t prvide research n the prductive estimates f the varius kal species yu wish t grw. Yu are vying fr a small parcel within a larger planned cmmunity l'i r mala kal. The cmmittee is lking fr the mst viable kal patch t build. Yur plans, designs, and cnstructin cst infrmatin will be cnsidered fr final selectin f a site. Presentatin/Perfrmance (Evidence f Learning): Presentatin f kal species selected fr planned l'i r mala kal. Research t include: species scientific name and cmmn name, distinguishing features/characteristic f kal, estimated time f prductin frm planting t harvet, ptimum grwing cnditins and maintenance plans, and prduct use/marketability. Chice f frmat: written reprt, brchure, pamphlet, vide, pster/diagram, phtgraphs, etc. Prduct (Evidence f Learning): Yur l'i r mala kal design must include the fllwing: scale drawing f l'i r mala kal with apprpriate labels (directins, legend, measurement cnversins, etc.) listing f needed cnstructin materials and supplies with cst estimates included (infrmatin n price breakdwn and cntact f suppliers). Standards f Success (Criteria): Prduct and perfrmance rubric t be develped with students prir t research. Extensin: (ptinal sectin) Partnership with cmmunity resurces 179 Prperty f UH Mana - Curriculum Studies