General Introduction to Shot Blasting

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Annice Copeland
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1 TECHNICAL BROCHURE General Intrductin t Sht Blasting Sht Blasting is a surface treatment prcess using high velcity steel abrasive. Sht blasting is methd thrugh which it is pssible t btain excellent cleaning and surface preparatin fr secndary finishing peratins. Sht blasting is cmmnly used fr: The cleaning f irn, steel, nn-cast parts, frgings, etc. Mechanical cleaning f sheets, rds, cils, wire, etc. Sht peening t alter mechanical prperties (increasing resistance t fatigue fr springs, gears, etc.) Preparing surfaces t be painted, cated, etc. In general sht blasting cncentrates abrasive particles at high speed ( m/secnd) in a cntrlled manner at the material thereby remving surface cntaminates due t the abrasive impact. Initially in the 1930 s the shtblasting prcess used cmpressed air fr prpelling the steel sht. This methd remains in use tday fr cleaning metal frames and weldments. CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

The criteria used fr selecting the type f sht blasting system depends n the size and shape f the parts, the cnditin f the surface t be cleaned, final surface finish specificatin and verall

2 Sht blast prductin lines, bth manual and autmated systems, became pssible with the intrductin f centrifugal wheel blast machines. The system f sht blasting by centrifugal wheel is mre prductive than by cmpressed air and achieves a better mre unifrm surface finish. The criteria used fr selecting the type f sht blasting system depends n the size and shape f the parts, the cnditin f the surface t be cleaned, final surface finish specificatin and verall prcess required. Sht blasting systems are cmprised f 6 basic subsystems: 1. Abrasive delivery methd: By Cmpressed Air. By Centrifugal turbines. 2. Abrasive recvery and cleaning. 3. Dust cllectin. 4. Blast Cabinet. 5. Part mvement and supprt system. 6. Cntrls and instrumentatin. CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

Abrasive delivery methd: There are tw ways f accelerating the steel sht: By cmpressed air: This system is suitable fr lwer prductin applicatins where maximum flexibility is needed.

This enables uses in finishing peratins f steel frames and weldments thereby replacing hand tls.

3 Abrasive delivery methd: There are tw ways f accelerating the steel sht: By cmpressed air: This system is suitable fr lwer prductin applicatins where maximum flexibility is needed. These systems are very flexible in that the sht can be delivered hrizntally thrugh a rubber hse and nzzle assembly. This enables uses in finishing peratins f steel frames and weldments thereby replacing hand tls. Because f this, an air blasting machine fr a prductin line is expensive cmpared t the centrifugal wheel blasting machine. Fr example t deliver sht at a rate f 1100 kg per minute a 1650 Hp cmpressr and 33 wrkers are needed using 10 mm diameter nzzles delivering 6.5 kg/cm2. On the ther hand the same task using centrifugal wheel turbines nly requires a ttal f 100 Hp distributed t between ne r a multitude f turbines hused in the same machine. Only ne r tw peratrs are needed fr such a shtblasting machine. CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

By centrifugal turbine: Centrifugal wheel blasting is the mre cmmn blast cleaning technique as well as the mst ecnmical and envirnmentally friendly methd.

Sht blasting machines may use ne r a multitude f turbines psitined in such a way that the abrasive blast pattern cvers the entire surface f the material t be sht cleaned.

4 By centrifugal turbine: Centrifugal wheel blasting is the mre cmmn blast cleaning technique as well as the mst ecnmical and envirnmentally friendly methd. The turbine delivers abrasive sht by centrifugal frce in a specific and cntrlled directin, speed and quantity. Functin f the turbine is similar t that f a fan r centrifugal pump. Sht blasting machines may use ne r a multitude f turbines psitined in such a way that the abrasive blast pattern cvers the entire surface f the material t be sht cleaned. The shape and size f the parts determine the number f turbines used in a machine. Pwer f the turbine mtr is based n degree f cleaning needed and thrughut speed f the material. CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

5 2. Abrasive Recvery and cleaning system. Recirculatin and cleaning the abrasive sht is required t maintain a cnsistent cleaning peratin. In cnventinal sht blasting equipment after the sht hits the part the abrasive falls int the cllectin hpper under the machine. The sht is then carried by gravity r screw cnveyr t a bucket elevatr. The elevatr carries the sht, remved xides and ther cntaminates t an air wash separatr lcated in the upper prtin f the machine. A cmbinatin f baffles, strainers and plates separate these cntaminates which are ineffective during the sht blast peratin. The cleaned abrasive is cntained in an upper hpper (feeding-bx) and is subsequently fed int the sht turbine by gravity. The recirculating and cleaning capacity f the abrasive in each machine is related t the sht blasting pwer used fr the turbines. An incrrectly sized system will cause premature wear t the machine and decrease verall sht blasting effectiveness and sht cnsumptin. 3. Blast Cabinet The machine cabinet cntains dust and abrasive. A machine munted dust cllectr, reduces air pressure inside the machine thereby preventing dust frm escaping int the shp envirnment. Material access penings in the entrance and exit f the sht blaster must be designed and prtected t prevent abrasive spillage. Cabinets are built frm lw carbn steel with an inner shell made f abrasive resistant materials including high strength ally plates and thick rubber cmpunds. In the areas that are subject t direct high velcity sht, ally steel plates (64 RC hardness) are used which have much mre abrasin resistance than ther mre cmmnly used materials like manganese steel. CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

4. Dust cllectr system Dust prduced during sht blasting is withdrawn frm the machinery cabinet and cntinuusly recirculating abrasive by a dust cllectr.

Changes in airflw will reduce cllectr efficiency and therefre result in lwer dust extractin, lss f the cleaning pwer, and cntribute t dust in the immediate prductin area.

6 4. Dust cllectr system Dust prduced during sht blasting is withdrawn frm the machinery cabinet and cntinuusly recirculating abrasive by a dust cllectr. Typical dust cllectr design uses baffle filters r cartridges. The dust cllectr nt nly evacuates dust within the machine but als keeps the surrunding area clean and dust free. Changes in airflw will reduce cllectr efficiency and therefre result in lwer dust extractin, lss f the cleaning pwer, and cntribute t dust in the immediate prductin area. A prperly designed and sized dust cllectr is therefre critical t the nging perfrmance f the sht blasting System. 5. System fr hlding and transprting parts fr sht blasting Fr cleaning pipes, plates, bars, wire cntinuus machines are used. Handling and transprting parts thrugh the sht blast prcess will depend n several factrs. Fr materials in large quantities (brake, pulleys, screwdrivers, etc.) tumblast machines are used. Fr larger and heavier pieces, (mtr blcks, bicycles frames, bunchwelded parts, etc.) spinner hanger machines are used. Fr the sht peening f gears and ther special cmpnents, tables and multi tables machines are used. CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

6. Cntrls and instrumentatin The system prviding the cntrl and instructin fr the starting and stpping all functins such as, elevatrs, dust cllectrs, turbines, part handling system, ammeters and time

7 6. Cntrls and instrumentatin The system prviding the cntrl and instructin fr the starting and stpping all functins such as, elevatrs, dust cllectrs, turbines, part handling system, ammeters and time meters fr the turbine mtrs are all placed in a central cnsle. The cntrl panel is designed with sequential startup t assure the different systems are energized in the prper sequence. All systems can be autmated fr cntinuus prcessing that will increase prductin, reduce peratr interactin and cnsistently maintain a particular surface specificatin. Abrasive The prjectin equipment particles by cmpressed air, wrking interchangeably with any kind f abrasives, metal r mineral, allwing yu t select the prper abrasive fr each type f wrk. The prjectin equipment by turbines used exclusively metallic steel sht, carbn r stainless, f different diameters as is the type f wrk t be dne. Indrs, it is extremely advantageus t use metal abrasive ver ther knwn abrasive highlighting the fllwing advantages: Mre prductivity Lwer cst fr abrasive blasted surface Reduced maintenance csts Better quality f wrk perfrmed (hmgeneity, rughness, cleaning) Reduced waste generatin and dust N risk t peratr health Lw investment in dust cllectin systems Less envirnmental pllutin Better visibility fr peratrs CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

Blast Cleaning and Sht peening machines are widely used in different industries such as: Shipyards: Cleaning and preparatin f prfiles and sheets surfaces befre painting Prtable machines fr the

Sht peening f stabilizing bars, springs and elastics, gearbxes, pistns, cnnecting rds, etc fr increasing fatigue resistance. Cleaning and preparatin f car and truck tires befre painting.

8 Blast Cleaning and Sht peening machines are widely used in different industries such as: Shipyards: Cleaning and preparatin f prfiles and sheets surfaces befre painting Prtable machines fr the maintenance f ship hulls Autmtive cmpnents: Cleaning f gearbxes, mechanical transmissins, cnnecting rds, etc. Sht peening f stabilizing bars, springs and elastics, gearbxes, pistns, cnnecting rds, etc fr increasing fatigue resistance. Cleaning and preparatin f car and truck tires befre painting. Break shes and clutches blasting Cleaning f rectified engines cmpnents (blcks, pistns, etc). Screw mechanical descaling frm metric 3 befre cating applicatin Aviatin: Prtable machines fr rubber eliminatin and rughness restitutin in airprt tracks Sht peening f airplane cmpnents tincrease fatigue resistance. Airplane painting remval Bicycles and mtr bikes: Cleaning and preparatin f bicycle frames, mtrbikes and tires surface befre painting. Rubber: Cleaning and preparatin f steel part surfaces befre rubber applicatin. Cncrete, ceramics, marbles: Blast fr making nn-slipping flrs. Artistic blasting. Cach builders: Cleaning and preparatin f truck caches surfaces befre painting. Denin Jeans: Ersin f clthes (jeans). CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

Metallic structures and prfiles: Cleaning and preparatin f steel sheets and prfiles befre painting. Irn fundry: Remve fils frm the framewrk. Surface hmgenizatin.

9 Metallic structures and prfiles: Cleaning and preparatin f steel sheets and prfiles befre painting. Irn fundry: Remve fils frm the framewrk. Surface hmgenizatin. Melting f steel, irn, aluminum and brnze. Cleaning and grit remval f melted parts. Surface hmgenizatin. Milk, Refrigerating and Nutritinal Industries: Limpieza y preparación de superficies previal metalizad. Mldes: Cleaning and preparatin f surfaces f stainless steel parts fr surface hmgenizatin. Cleaning f painting systems (hks): Painting remval f part lad hks f painting systems. Metal wrking: Cleaning and preparatin f surfaces befre being metalized. Mulds: Cleaning f rubber, glass, aluminum extrusin mulds, etc. Metallic furniture: Cleaning and preparatin f metallic furniture surfaces befre painting. Metallurgical: Cleaning and preparatin f industrial machines befre painting. Petrleum and gas: Cleaning and preparatin f surfaces f GLP, GNC gas cylinder and gas and petrleum statinary tanks befre painting. Cleaning and preparatin f gas and petrleum bttles befre painting. Blasting and sht peening f petrleum pump rds. Blasting f cupling unin f pump rds befre metal wrking. CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

Cncrete flrs: Prtable machines fr the preparatin f cncrete industrial flrs befre cating. Irn and steel industries: Trains: Mechanic descaling f rund, hexagnal and square bars fr wire drawing peratin.

Cleaning and preparatin f trains and wagns surfaces befre painting. Metallic drums: Cleaning and preparatin f internal and external surfaces f metallic drums befre painting.

10 Cncrete flrs: Prtable machines fr the preparatin f cncrete industrial flrs befre cating. Irn and steel industries: Trains: Mechanic descaling f rund, hexagnal and square bars fr wire drawing peratin. Mechanic descaling f cil rd. Mechanic descaling f steel sheets and irn hps. Mechanic descaling f tubes with and withut rims. Descaling f laminated levers by heating. Blasting f laminatin cylinders. Cleaning and preparatin f trains and wagns surfaces befre painting. Metallic drums: Cleaning and preparatin f internal and external surfaces f metallic drums befre painting. Heat treatments: Cleaning and preparatin f parts after heat treatments. Electric transfrmers: Glass: Cleaning and preparatin f surfaces f electric transfrmer befre painting. Grind glass. Artistic blasting. CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

CYM MATERIALES S.A. Industrial Slutins Administratin and factry Brig. Estanisla Lpez Nº 6 [S2108AIB] Sldini - Santa Fé - Argentina Tel: [54-341] 490 1100 Fax: [54-341] 490 1366 E-mail: inf@cym.cm.

11 CYM MATERIALES S.A. Industrial Slutins Administratin and factry Brig. Estanisla Lpez Nº 6 [S2108AIB] Sldini - Santa Fé - Argentina Tel: [54-341] Fax: [54-341] inf@cym.cm.ar Metalcym Brasil Rua Mári Junqueira da Silva nº Jd Eulina Campinas - SP - Brasil - CEP Tel: [55-19] Fax: [55-19] metalcym@metalcym.cm.br CYM // inf@cym.cm.ar

TECHNICAL DATA INDUSTRIAL WATER CHILLERS AIR COOLED. 1-4 kw Cooling Capacity MADE IN AUSTRALIA HAVCR ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS MAINTAINENCE SERVCIES

TECHNICAL DATA INDUSTRIAL WATER CHILLERS AIR COOLED 1-4 kw Cling Capacity The MIKRO series chillers are a lw capacity unit designed t be installed indrs r utdrs. All THERMEX MIKRO chillers have as standard