- The European Perspective

Transcription

1 Opprtunities fr enhancing and mainstreaming Ecsystem-based appraches t climate change - The Eurpean Perspective Karin Zaunberger Eurpean Cmmissin DG ENV Bidiversity Unit

2 MORE BIODIVERSITY - LESS CLIMATE CHANGE Flux f anthrpgenic CO CO 2 flux (Pg y -1 ) fssil fuel emissins defrestatin atmspheric CO 2 land cean ~7.6 ~1.5 ~4.1 ~2.8 ~2.2 Sink Surce Le Quéré, unpublished; Canadell et al. 2007, PNAS Time (y)

3 MORE CLIMATE CHANGE LESS BIODIVERSITY

4 Dual Rle Adaptatin fr Bidiversity Mitigatin and Adaptatin with Bidiversity Ecsystem-based appraches t climate change shrt: Ecsystembased mitigatin and Ecsystem-based adaptatin (EbA); cmmunity-based adaptatin Wrking, building with nature Green Infrastructure Nature-based slutins

5 Cnvenient Slutins t an Incnvenient Truth: Ecsystem-based Appraches t Climate Change June 2009 Wrld bank (2009) CBD AHTEG; Natural Slutins WWF,IUCN; UNEP;UNDP; Discussin Paper; CBD COP X 33 n bidiversity and climate change; (2010) CBD COP X 31 n Prtected Areas; CBD COP X 2 Strategic Plan CBD COP XI 15 Island Bidiversity (2012) UNFCCC reprt in Durban (2011); EbA flagship prg; UNFCCC wrkshp in Tanzania (2013); wrkshp in Bnn

6 EU Adaptatin Strategy (April 2013) Ecsystem-based appraches are usually cst-effective under different scenaris. They are easily accessible and prvide multiple benefits, such as reduced fld risk, less sil ersin, imprved water and air quality and reduced heat-island effect. The Cmmissin will use multi-annual wrk prgrammes t define strategic gals and thematic pririties. Pririty will be given t adaptatin flagship prjects that address key crss-sectral, transreginal and/r crss-brder issues. Prjects with demnstratin and transferability ptential will be encuraged, as will green infrastructure and ecsystem-based appraches t adaptatin, and prjects aiming t prmte innvative adaptatin technlgies.

7 RECREATION GOODS e.g. TIMBER INCREASE QUALITY OF LIFE MITIGATION SPACE FOR NATURE FLOOD PROTECTION Trees & Green spaces Green rfs Green walls help t cpe with ht weather thrugh shading & evapratin cling, help save energy

8 Ecsystem-based appraches are ready fr use and easily accessible invlve peple and build respnsibility bring multiple benefits are cst efficient and make ecnmic sense are t be an integral part f the verall adaptatin and mitigatin effrt

9 Cmmunicatin n Green Infrastructure (GI) Enhancing Eurpe s Natural Capital COM(2013)249 Ecsystem-based appraches are strategies and measures that harness the adaptive frces f nature. They are amng the mst widely applicable, ecnmically viable and effective tls t cmbat the impacts f climate change. When apprpriate, such appraches use GI slutins, because they use bidiversity and ecsystem services as part f an verall adaptatin strategy t help peple adapt t r mitigate the adverse effects f climate change.

10 Green Infrastructure: Elements Lcal r twn/city scale Natural and semi-natural ecsystems, such as pastures, wdland, frest (n intensive plantatins), pnds, bgs, rivers and fldplains, castal wetlands, lagns, beaches, marine habitats Lcal nature reserves, water prtectin areas, landscape prtectin areas, Natura 2000 sites Reginal and natinal scale Extensive agricultural and frest landscapes, large marsh and bg areas, rivers and fldplains, shrelines/castal znes Reginal and Natinal Parks and wilderness znes (includes Natura 2000 sites) EU level Freshwater systems, majr river basins, muntain ranges, reginal sea basins Eclgical Netwrks with crss-brder areas, incl. Natura 2000 netwrk Descriptr Cre areas utside prtected areas Cre areas/prtected areas Spatial structure delivering nature benefits t peple Restred areas which were befre fragmented r degraded natural areas, brwnfield land r disused quarries; transitinal ecsystems due t land abandnment r regeneratin prcesses High nature value farmland and multi-use frests (such as watershed frests); prtectin frests (against avalanches, mudslides, stnefall, frest fires), natural buffers such as prtectin shrelines with barrier beaches and salt marshes Street trees and avenues, city frests/wdlands, high-quality green public spaces and business parks/premises; green rfs and vertical gardens; alltments and rchards; strm pnds and sustainable urban drainage systems; city reserves incl. Natura 2000 Restred ecsystem types Extensive agricultural landscapes, sustainable frest management n reginal and natinal level, functinal riparian systems Greenways, green belts, metrplitan park systems Restred Landscape systems cvering a substantial part f agricultural/frestry areas and industrialised sites, including crss-brder areas Transbundary landscape features n river basin r muntain range level, sustainable castal and marine management znes related t the respective sea basin Metrplitan areas with substantial share f high quality green areas in Eurpe, including cherent appraches in crss-brder urban znes. Restratin znes Sustainable use znes Green urban and peri-urban areas Hedgerws, stne walls, small wdlands, pnds, wildlife strips, riparian river vegetatin, transitinal ecsystems between crpland, grassland and frests Ec-ducts, green bridges; animal tunnels (e.g. fr amphibians), fish passes, rad verges, eclgical pwerline crridr management Multi-functinal, sustainably managed agricultural landscapes, riparian systems De-fragmentated landscapes, imprved areas alng transprt and energy netwrks, migratin crridrs, river cntinuum Supra-reginal crridrs, substantial share f structure-rich agricultural, frestry r natural landscapes Eurpean-wide r transnatinal defragmentatin actins Natural cnnectivity features Artificial cnnectivity features

11 Recent develpments n Green Infrastructure Green Infrastructure Strategy adpted n 6/05/2013 (actin freseen in EU Bidiversity Strategy t 2020) Onging institutinal fllw-up with Cuncil, EP, CR, EESC What is the GI strategy abut? Shrt descriptin f what Green Infrastructure is Cntributin f GI t a number f key plicy areas, inc. water Why EU actin? Pririties at EU level: Prmte the deplyment f GI in main plicy areas and their funding mechanisms (integrate int implementatin + guidance, awareness raising, best practices) Imprve knwledge base and prmte innvatin Better access t finance (including innvative mechanisms) Assess pprtunities fr TEN-G Prgress reprt n implementatin in 2017

12 GI guidance The Cmmissin will develp technical guidance setting ut hw Green Infrastructure will be integrated int the implementatin f the main plicies and their assciated funding mechanisms frm 2014 t 2020 Already available: Better envirnmental ptins fr fld risk management Guidance n cnnectivity Natural water retentin measures (link t adaptatin) Integratin f bidiversity and climate change int SEA and EIA Cnnecting Smart and Sustainable Grwth thrugh Smart Specialisatin Smart guide t multi-benefit investments Next upcming guidance: Agriculture/Climate adaptatin

13 Research And Knwledge Base Assess the need and pprtunities in the cntext f Hrizn 2020 Review extent and quality f spatial and technical data available in relatin t GI deplyment Already available: Current wrk n Hrizn 2020 (Challenge 5 and thers) EEA reprts n GI and territrial chesin, fragmentatin and upcming n hw t map multi-purpse GI Infrmatin available in Data Centres and CHMs (BISE, WISE ) Current wrking prgrams/management plans in relevant institutins Upcming: Wrking meetings with relevant DGs, e.g. JRC, RTD, ESTAT, EEA and ETCs

14 GI prmtin and best practice sharing Prmte GI appraches in cmmunicatin t citizens Develping dedicated IT platfrm Already available: Infrmatin material n website Facebk applicatin, vide, illustratins GI is de fact part f the Green Capital award BISE with GI platfrm currently being updated Natura 2000 Newsletter 07/13 nature/inf/pubs/natura2000nl_e n.htm Upcming: Brchure fr wider public Better integratin int n-ging cmmunicatin measures and IT facilities, als frm ther DGs Pssibly: Wrking Grup n Implementatin f GI

15 Technical standards Assess the cntributin technical standards culd make t "grwing the market" f GI prducts Already available: Currently screening f available standards within ISO, EMAS, COST, with ICLEI Upcming: Wrking meetings with relevant DGs, e.g. ENTR, MARKT, JRC

16 Imprve access t finance Explring pprtunities fr setting up innvative financing mechanisms t supprt GI Already available: Current wrk n innvative financing mechanisms with ECFIN and EIB Upcming: Wrk twards establishment f innvative financing facility with EIB by 2014

17 TEN-G Assess pprtunities fr develping an EU TEN-G initiatives Already available: Analysing prjects which culd serve as examples f trans-eurpean GI Upcming: Study t assess the pprtunities fr TEN-G, including assessment f csts and ecnmic, scial and envirnmental benefits by 2015

18 Financing fr GI: budget Structural Funds/Chesin Fund e.g. GRABS: Green and blue space adaptatin fr urban areas and ec twns SURF: GI - Sustainable Investments fr the Benefit f Bth Peple and Nature CAP Funding LIFE+: Brchure with 65 prject examples frm 17 MS Other surces budget: New pprtunities mainly in ERDF, CF, CAP (pillar 1 and 2) Other surces: natinal gvernments, EIB, private banks, develpers and civil sciety e.g. develpment f a Natural Capital Financing Facility with EIB

19 Investing in ecsystem-based appraches - green infrastructure - investing in wrking with nature fr peple prvides business and jb pprtunities cntributes t green ecnmy and sustainable develpment cntributes t maintaining and restring healthy ecsystems prmtes creativity discver undiscvered slutins valrises traditinal knwledge helps building trust and partnerships

20 Cnclusin Ecsystem-based appraches t climate change adaptatin and mitigatin are cst-efficient and ready fr use, bring multiple benefits, cmplement technlgical appraches, shuld be an integral part f the verall, adaptatin and mitigatin effrt. Their implementatin is timely and highly relevant, cntributes t different plicy targets

21 Mre infrmatin: CLIMATE ADAPT;