INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED

Transcription

1 INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LIMITED Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan for Expansion of Oil Terminal At Dist. Deoghar, Jharkhand 6(b) Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals, Category B Prepared By ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PVT. LTD. AN ISO ISO 9001:2008, ISO14001:2004 & OHSAS 18001:2007 certified Environmental Engineering and Consultancy Organization (NABL Accredited & MoEF Recognised Environment Laboratory) Corporate Office: No.2, 2 nd Street, Thangam Colony, Anna Nagar West, Chennai Tamil Nadu, India. Tel: / 24 / 25 Mumbai Office: A-355, Balaji Bhavan, Plot No. 42 A, Sector 11, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai Maharashtra, India Tel: abc@abctechnolab.com

2 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand CHAPTER INTRODUCTION Background Identification of the Project Identification of the Project Proponent Fig.1.0 A view of Group Refineries and Pipeline network of IOCL Brief Description of the Project Site Characteristics Table 1.1 Site Details & Environmental Settings Approach Methodology Scope & Methodology Site Selection Structure of EIA/EMP Report Plate 1.1 Location Map of Jasidih Oil Terminal of IOCL Plate 1.2 Google image showing Project site Fig. 1.3 Map Showing connectivity around the Project Site Fig. 1.4 Map showing connectivity around the Project Site (10km Radius Map) CHAPTER PROJECT DESCRIPTION Introduction Table Details of Existing & Proposed Tankages & 4nos. bottom Land Requirement Table Land Breakup Details Product Properties Table Properties of Liquid to be handled Table 2.3 Threshold Limits for Storage of Flammable Substances Fig. 2.1 A view of site proposed for MS & HSD Tank Fig. 2.2 A view of site proposed for MS & HSD Tank Fig. 2.3 A view of Site proposed for SKO Tank Loading/Distribution: By Tank Lorries Table 2.4 Details of TLF Bays Fig. 2.4 A view of existing TLF Bays (8+4) at Jasidih Terminal IOCL ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 2

3 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fig. 2.5 A view of site propose for 4nos. additional new TLF Bays Pumping Facilities Table 2.5 TLF Pump Schedule Table 2.6 TLD Pump Schedule (Horizontal) Product Doping Facilities Safety and Fire Fighting Facilities Table Fire Fighting Facilities Fig. 2.6 A view of layout showing ECC, Assembly point & Fire Hydrant System Fig. 2.7 Fire Water Storage Facilities at Jasidih Terminal, IOCL Table 2.8 Fire Fighting Facilities available at Jasidih Terminal Other Facilities Table 2.9 Other facilities Table 2.10 Power Requirement Details-Existing and Proposed Table 2.11 Water Requirement Details-Existing & Proposed Process Description Table 2.12 Details of Pipeline Dia. of Different Sections Table 2.13 Existing and Proposed Tankages details Table 2.14 Details of TLF bays allocation product wise Table 2.15 Details of TLF Bays Allocation Table 2.16 Allocation of Products for Decantation Table Details of Fire Fighting Fig. 2.9 Layout Plan of proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of IOCL at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fig Operational Sequences of Oil Terminal of IOCL at Jasidih Fig A view of layout of pipeline and instrumentation division (P & ID) CHAPTER DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT Introduction Topography Physiography Geology of the Area Soil Table 3.1 Soil Type/ Soil Classification of the Study Area Figure 3.1: A view of Soil Map of District-Deoghar, Jharkhand ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 3

4 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 3.2: Soil Sampling Locations in the Study Area Table 3.3: Soil Characteristics of the Study Area Figure 3.2: Soil Sampling Locations Water Environment Table Location of Sampling Stations Figure 3.3: Ground & Surface Water Sampling Locations Table 3.5: Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water Table 3.6: Ground Water Quality in the Study Area Surface Water Analysis Table 3.7: Surface Water Quality of Filter Dam (Nandan pahar) Climatology and Meteorology Climatology Climatological Data Figure Map Showing Wind Rose Diagram for the Month of February Figure Map Showing Wind Rose Diagram for the Month of March Figure Map Showing Wind Rose Diagram for the Month of April Figure Map Showing Wind Rose Diagram from February 2016 to April Figure 3.8: Frequency Distribution for the Month of February Figure 3.9: Frequency Distribution for the Month of March Figure 3.10: Frequency Distribution for the Month of April Table 3.8: Summary of Micrometeorological Conditions at the site Table 3.9 Environmental Attributes Table 3.10 Frequency and Monitoring Methodology Air Environment Table 3.11 : Measurement Techniques Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations Table 3.12: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations in the Study Area Figure 3.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations Table 3.13: National Ambient Air Quality Standards Table 3.14: Ambient Air Quality at Project Site (AAQ1) Table 3.15: Ambient Air Quality at Jasidih Town (AAQ2) Table 3.16: Ambient Air Quality at Chitolorhiya Village (AAQ3) Table 3.17: Ambient Air Quality at Sinhgua Village (AAQ4) ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 4

5 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 3.18: Ambient Air Quality at Kobidih Village (AAQ5) Table 3.19: Ambient Air Quality at Gopalpur Village (AAQ6) Table 3.20: Ambient Air Quality at Jetutanr Village (AAQ7) Table 3.21: Ambient Air Quality at Bhogtidih Village (AAQ8) Table 3.22 : Summary of Ambient Air Quality of the Study Area Ambient Noise Level Equivalent Sound Energy Level or Leq Table 3.23: Ambient Standards in Respect of Noise Table 3.24: Noise Levels Monitoring Stations in the Study Area Figure 3.12: Graphical Presentation of Day & Night Time Noise Levels Figure 3.13: Noise Level Monitoring Locations Table 3.25: Day and Night time Leq in the Study Area Fig 3.14 : Seismic Zoning Map of India Landuse Pattern Land Use Pattern of proposed Site Landuse & Land Cover through Satellite Imagery Interpretation Table 3.26 Area Statistics of Land Use of Oil Terminal of IOCL at Jasidih Figure 3.15 : Landuse and Land Cover for 10 Km Study Area Biological Environment Table 3.27 : Details of Flora in the Study Area Table 3.28 : Details of Fauna of Study Area Socio-Economic Environment Table 3.29: Demographic Details of the Study Area Table 3.30: Economic Details of the Study Area Table 3.31: Village Wise Basic & Civic Amenities Details of the Study Area Table 3.32: Workforce Details of the Study Area CHAPTER ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES Introduction Table 4.1: Anticipated Noise Levels from Various Sources Table 4.2: Noise Level at Various Distances Figure 4.1: Attenuation of Noise Level during Operation CHAPTER ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 5

6 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS Introduction Alternative Site Alternative for Technology Alternative for Control of Pollution CHAPTER ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN Introduction Environmental Monitoring Schedules Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring Water Quality Monitoring Noise Levels Monitoring Environmental Monitoring Plan Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of IOCL Health, Safety & Environmental Management Cell Table 6.2: Responsibilities of Personnel of the HS&E Cell Statutory Returns and Compliance Reports Introduction Risk Assessment and Hazard Identification Scope of Risk Analysis Risk Analysis Glossary of Terms used in Risk Assessment Scope of Study Approach to the Study Hazard Identification Dow Index Table 7.1 Fire, Explosion and Toxicity Index Table 7.2 Properties of MS, SKO and HSD Table 7.3 Calculations for Dow Fire & Explosion Index Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA) Approach Fig. 7.1 Flow chart for Maximum Credible Accident Analysis Fig. 7.2 Steps in Consequence Analysis Risk Analysis ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 6

7 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 7.4 Properties of Liquid Handled Brief Review of Safety Related Facilities Risk Assessment Table 7.5 Damage Due to Incident Thermal Radiation Intensity Table 7.6 Physiological Effects of Threshold Thermal Doses Table 7.7 Damage Effects Due to Blast over Pressure Consequence Analysis Table 7.9 Hazard Distances Due to Storage Tanks on Fire Table 7.10 Hazard Distances Due to Pool Fire Table 7.12 Hazard Distances to Pool Fire Due to Failure of Gaskets Table 7.13 Hazard Distances to UVCE Due To MS Pump Discharge Line Gasket Failure Table 7.14 Hazard Distances to Pool Fire Due to Loading Arm Failure Table 7.15 Hazard Distances Due to Unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion (MS) Table 7.16 Hazard Distances to Pool Fire Due to 25 MM Dia Hole of Pump Discharge Lines Table 7.17 Hazard Distances to UVCE Due to 25 MM Dia Hole in MS Pump Discharge Line Table 7.18 Hazard Distances to Thermal Radiation Due to Pool Fire Table 7.19 Hazard Distances to Thermal Radiation Due to Pool Fire RISKS AND Failure Probability Table 7.20 Failure Frequency Data Recommendations & Conclusions DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP) Statutory Requirement Objective of Disaster Management Plan Definitions Description of Industrial Activity Safety Related Utilities Disaster Planning Identification of Hazards Safety Related Components Provided in the Depot Disaster Control Plan Disaster Combating Action Plan with Specific Reference to the Team Role Orders for Disaster Combating Action Plan Action Plan for Specific Cases ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 7

8 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 7.28 Important Telephone Numbers CHAPTER PROJECT BENEFITS Introduction Direct Benefits Improvement in the Social Infrastructure Employment Potential Other Tangible Benefits CHAPTER ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN Introduction Physical Environment Ambient Air Quality Meteorology Air Environment Solid Waste Management Noise Green Belt Table 9.1: Curtain Plantation for Green Belt Table 9.2 Details of Avenue Plantation Rain Water Harvesting Socio-economic Environment Environmental Management Cell safety & Fire Fighting Environmental Training Reporting and Monitoring System Budgets for Implementation of EMP and Monitoring Plan Table 9.3 Budget for Implementation of EMP and Monitoring Plan Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Table 9.4 Budgetary allocation for CSR CHAPTER DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS INTRODUCTION ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 8

9 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Services of ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited Turnkey Projects Other Services Laboratory Services Sectors Accredited by NABET ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 9

10 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1.0 Background M/s. Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) is the project proponent of the proposed expansion of MS, HSD, SKO & 4TLF bays at existing oil terminal at Jasidih, District- Deoghar, Jharkhand. Existing oil terminal have obtained EC from MOEF, New Delhi in absence of SEIAA, Jharkhand vide file No.-J-11011/320/2010-IA.II(I) dated IOCL has set up with a storage capacity of KL of various petroleum products at Jasidih terminal, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand. The existing oil terminal of IOCL located at Jasidih is resitement of Dhanbad Depot to fulfill the demand of valuable customer of IOCL as per its commitment. Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) owns and operates petroleum product marketing depots through Tap off Point between two refineries. The Tap-off points with isolated storage of the petroleum products minimises the product transportation cost and vehicular pollution load on the environment. The existing Dhanbad Depot is located in an area of approximately 2.0 acres and has no space for further expansion and to fulfil the compliance for Hazardous Material Storage and Handling Rules, 2007 as the location is highly congested. It is very difficult for Dhanbad Depot to bridge the gap between demand and supply. Therefore, it is suggested to re-site and install new Depot for storage of petroleum products. In this connection, several approaches have been made and different sites have been studied. Before partition of Bihar and Jharkhand, since October 1996, the terminal at Jasidih was considered as a relief tankage for Bhagalpur and Dhanbad Depots. But after separation of Jharkhand from Bihar in November 2000, Jasidih is considered as resitement of Dhanbad Depot only. Economic feasibility is worked-out comparing the product landed cost of existing Dhanbad depot with the proposed additional storages tankages TOP for all products considering Refinery Production Cost (RPC) and operating cost of Pipeline. The Least Landed Cost at Jasidih by pipeline mode for MS, HSD and SKO works out with savings of Rs , Rs and Rs per MT respectively when compared with that of supplies to Dhanbad (i.e, Haldia to Rajbandh by Pipeline and Rajbandh to Dhanbad by Rail). The differential transportation cost i.e, pipeline savings works out to Rs lacs per annum at thruput level (IOC+IBP) of 2.15 Lac KL during ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 10

11 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand The study of the financial analysis carried out by the project proponent reveals that the proposed expansion within existing oil terminal is viable and profitable. IRR of the project works out to 14.63% at mark-up of 8% on RTP. The construction of TOP at Jasidih in Jharkhand State is an operational / marketing necessity of IOCL to meet POL requirement of IOCL customers in Dhanbad, Deoghar, Giridih supply area. The construction of TOP at Jasidih is a cost effective consideration because Haldia Barauni Pipeline is passing nearby the proposed site. At present Jasidih oil terminal of IOCL receives various petroleum product through Haldia-Barauni Pipeline. IOCL obtained consent to establish from Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board, Ranchi vide Ref. no. B-5614, dated and consent to operate under Air and Water Act vide Ref. no.b-2222, dated , respectively. All mandatory licenses/permission have obtained by IOCL Jasidih Terminal. Now, IOCL wants to proposed additional storage tankages of MS (1x10592KL), HSD (1x9025KL), SKO (1x2100KL) and 4nos. of additional bottom loading TLF bays within existing oil terminal at Jadisih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand. The State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Jharkhand issued terms of reference vide letter no. EC/SEIAA/ /798/2015/593 dated Need of the Expansion of Additional Storage Tanks The existing oil terminal of IOCL located at Jasidih is resitement of Dhanbad Depot to fulfill the demand of valuable customer of IOCL as per its commitment. IOCL has proposed additional storages tankages of MS, HSD, SKO & 4TLF Bays oil terminal at Jasidih in Deoghar district of Jharkhand with installation of isolated storage system for MS, HSD & SKO. Petroleum products are the most preferred fossil fuels in the domestic, industrial and transport sectors. With the growth of population, industrialization, urbanization and modernization, the demand of petroleum products such as Motor Sprit (MS), HSD & SKO etc. are increasing at a very rapid pace. In order to economically deliver the petroleum products to the consumption centres and for effective evacuation of product from depots, additional storage of petroleum products is utmost need. Proposed expansion project is an operational/marketing necessity of IOCL to meet requirement of IOCL customers in Dhanbad, Deoghar and Giridih and other adjoining supply areas. The proposed expansion of additional storage tankages of MS, HSD & SKO will reduce the gap in demand and supply in nearby area and the region. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 11

12 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 2.0 Project Description This is a proposal of expansion of Jasidih terminal of IOCL of tankage capacity of Motor Spirit (MS) (1x10592KL), High Speed Diesel (HSD) (1x9025KL) & Superior Kerosene Oil (SKO) (1x2100KL) & 4nos. bottom filling loading bays within existing terminal. The petroleum products like MS, HSD & SKO will be received through existing 12" Haldia-Barauni pipeline passing adjacent Jasidih Terminal of IOCL at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand. Table 2.1 : Details of Existing & Proposed Tankages & 4nos. bottom loading bays Proposed Units S. No. Product Capacity 1. MS Tank 1x10592 KL 2. SKO Tank 1x9025 KL 3. HSD Tank 1x2100 KL 4. Tank Truck Filling Bays 4 nos bottom filling loading bays Existing Units Class A S. No. Product Capacity 1. MS Tank 2x4241 KL + 1x2212 KL = KL 2. Ethanol Tank 3x70 KL = 210 KL 3. Transmix MS 1x500 KL = 500 KL Class B 1. SKO Tank 1x3006 KL + 2x938 KL = 4882 KL 2. HSD Tank 2x5303 KL + 2x2604 KL = KL 3. HSD Tank 1x20 KL (U/G) = 20 KL 4. Water Tank 2x5600 KL = KL The material of construction of all the FR & CR tanks is mild steel and shall be constructed as per IS:803. The fire water storage tanks and fire hydrants shall be designed/ constructed as per OISD-117. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 12

13 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 2.1 Land Requirement The total area occupied by proposed project of Jasidih Terminal of IOCL is 27 Acres and has been leased to M/s. Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. The land use break-up is given in Table 2.2. Table 2.2 : Land Breakup Details S.No. Particulars Area in Acres % 1. Plant Area Roads/Corridor Plantation Parking for Trucks Office Total Power Requirement The terminal s power requirement is supplied by J.S.E.B. at 33 KV and Emergency power: DG Set. (DG Sets - 3 Nos. (2 x 750 KVA & 1 x 320 KVA) ). Table 3.3 : Power Requirement Details-Existing and Proposed S.No. Existing Proposed KVA 750 KVA KVA 750 KVA KVA 320 KVA 2.4 Water Requirement S.No. Table 2.4 : Water Requirement Details-Existing & Proposed Particulars Existing Demand (m 3 /day) Proposed Demand (m 3 /day) 1. Drinking & Domestic Use Greenery & Landscape Developed Total ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 13

14 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 2.5 Project Cost The estimated project cost is Rs Crores for the proposed Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (IOCL) at Jasidih. 2.6 Fire Fighting Facility at IOCL Jasidih Safety and fire fighting measures shall be taken in accordance with OISD guidelines. The entire area is covered by network of fire hydrant system. Two nos. of Fire Water Tanks and five nos. of Diesel Driven Pumps have been considered. Table 2.5 : Details of Fire Fighting S.No. Description Capacity 1. Fire Water Storage Tanks 2 x 5600 KL (24m Dia x 15m Height) 2. Fire Water Pumps 5 nos. of 616m 3 /hr capacity each 3.0 Description of Environment 3.1 Topographic Features The area has gentle sloping and undulating land with low hillocks and small ranges widely scattered as abrupt formations. The main water body is river Ajay which is an important tributary of Bhagirathi River, part of the Ganga. The river Ajay and its tributaries control the drainage of the area. River Ajay originates from the hills of the Chotanagpur plateau at an elevation of m amsl. Prominent among the tributaries are the Bhagdura, Partho, Dama, and Jayanti. These apart, there are several seasonal streams and nallas which ultimately join the river Ajay and its tributaries. 3.2 Physiography Jasidih area has predominantly undulating terrain with underground hard rocks. The entire district has topography with high ridges and valleys bounded by mountains and rivers. 3.3 Geology of the Area The proposed project site is mainly covered by Chotanagpur granite gneiss of Archean age with patches of alluvium, sand stone and shale of Gondawana formations. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 14

15 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Deoghar district is largely covered by Chotanagpur granites and gneissic complex associated with some metasediments and metabasic rocks. 3.4 Soil The surface lithology has exercised profound impact on the development of soil types. The district is characterized by a wide variety of soils, which can be classified as clayey, loamy, sandy loam and lateritic. Sandy loams to loamy sands are common in uplands whereas loam to sandy loam is common in lowlands. 3.5 Water Quality The results of analysis ground water samples were compared to Indian Standard Specification of drinking water IS: 10500:2012 and found fit for drinking purpose. 3.6 Micro-meteorology Climatological Normal Data on monthly mean values of daily maximum and minimum temperatures, highest and lowest values in the different months. The winter season starts towards the latter half of November. January is the coldest month, with the mean daily maximum temperature at 24.80C and the mean daily minimum at 11.10C. Mean lowest temperature during January is reported as 7.40C. The temperature begins to rise rapidly from the middle of March whereas April and May are the hottest months of the year. In May and June, daily maximum temperatures may sometimes go upto C. With the arrival of monsoon in the area in the middle of June, day temperature drops appreciably while night temperature remains comparatively high. 3.7 Ambient Air Quality National Air Quality Standards in the study area are most of the time met for all monitored parameters for the AAQM locations. 3.8 Noise Measured Leq noise levels are always within the limit stipulated for residential area. However, some time noise levels exceed the limit of the because occasional traffic movement. 3.9 Forest Cover There is no reserved or protected forest-land involved in the project. Further, there is reserved or protected forest in the surrounding area of the proposed IOCL Jasidih. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 15

16 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 3.10 Flora in the study area The list of flora identified during the survey period details are given in chapter 3 (Description in Environment) 4.0 Anticipated Environmental Impacts & Mitigation Measures 4.1 Soil During the construction phase proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, Tehsil & District- Deoghar, Jharkhand, there will be a small amount of construction wastes, such as, metal cutting, oil, grease and debris, which may contaminate soil at the site of construction. However, the extent of contamination will not be significant. These wastes will not normally contaminate ground water. Their impact on soil and surface water will be restricted to the construction period in small area around the construction site during heavy rainfall only. During operation phase of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, no process waste will be generated. About 10 to 15kg municipal solid wastes will also be generated from office and canteen. About 300 litres used oil will be generated at the time of maintenance of DG sets occasionally. For collection, management and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes from proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, necessary mitigation measures will be taken. 4.2 Water Quality During construction phase may result in minor soil erosion from the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, as it will clear of ground flora and excavation for construction activities. The runoff from the construction site during rainfall may cause some increase in the quantity of suspended solids and turbidity in the runoff in natural drain. However, this impact will be of temporary nature and may not last as soon as excavated soil established and construction debris will be disposed off properly. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 16

17 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand During Operation Phase No process effluents will be generated during operation of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih. During the operation of the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, about 4 kld domestic waste water will be generated, which will be treated in properly in package type STP. Treated waste water will be utilized for green belt within the proposed expansion of oil terminal of IOCL at Jasidih. Water consumption is not envisaged for operation of the plants. Water is required only for floor washings, potable, green belt and fire fighting purposes. The average water consumption during operation of the proposed facilities has been estimated to be about 6.0 m3/day. The wastewater management philosophy will be based on Zero Discharge concept. Waste water from canteen at the oil terminal of IOCL will be treated in oil and grease trap followed package type Sewage Treatment Plant. Municipal wastes (paper plastic, food wastes, etc) generated from oil terminal of IOCL at Jasidih will be collected and segregated. Recyclable wastes like paper and plastic wastes will be sent for recycling, while biodegradable wastes like food and vegetable wastes will be disposed in compost pit. Non- biodegradable and non- recyclable wastes will be sent to common landfill site. Used oil (300 litres) is generated from the maintenance of DG sets will be handed over to CPCB/MOEF&CC authorized used oil recyclers. 4.3 Ambient Air Quality During Construction Phase A certain amount of particulate matter will be generated during the construction phase of the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih. However, the suspended particulate matter in ambient air as a result of construction activities may be relatively coarse and will be settled within a short distance. Therefore, the impact will be restricted within the close vicinity of the construction activity. Further, for construction the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL, construction activities will be taken place for 18 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 17

18 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand months only, therefore, impacts will be observed for short period and reversible in nature. During Operation Phase During operation of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih there will not be any process emission sources and no emissions will be generated. DG sets to be installed at the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih will be operated occasionally in case of power failure and there will not be any regular source of gaseous emissions at the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih. 4.4 Noise During construction phase During the construction phase, erection of equipment, vehicle movement, DG sets may be major sources of noise generation during construction of the proposed Additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih. Relatively high noise levels will be generated during construction phase. During Operation Phase No regular noise generation is expected due to the operation of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih. DG sets fitted with acoustic enclosure will be operated only during grid power failure. 4.5 Terrestrial Ecology During Construction Phase The site of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL is free from trees and shrubs, therefore, during construction phase, no vegetation needs to be will be cleared. Therefore, no impact is anticipated on terrestrial ecology of the area. During Operation Phase At the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL, peripheral green belt will be developed on sqm area, which is 33% of the total area of the IOCL Terminal. During operation phase of IOCL plant, impact of green belt will be positive and beneficial for ecology of the study area. Growth of plantation and development of green ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 18

19 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand belt at the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih is likely to improve the flora and fauna in the area. 4.6 Socio-economic Impacts The construction and operation of the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL will have some beneficial impact due to increase in incomes as local unskilled, semiskilled and skilled persons as they will gain some direct and indirect employment. However, in view of the small manpower and support facility requirements, the beneficial impact due to the operation of the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih is likely to be marginal. 5.0 Alternative Analysis 5.1 Alternative Site For construction of proposed additional storages tankages of IOCL at Jasidih, no alternative site has been considered, as enough space is available IOCL Jasidih in which all infrastructure facilities already exist. 5.2 Alternative for Technology The proposed tanks will be floating roof / cone roof tank type to minimize hydrocarbon vapour loses. 5.3 Alternative for Control of Pollution The proposed additional storages tankages of IOCL at Jasidih is operating after obtaining of Consent of Operate from Jharkhand State Pollution control Board. Necessary pollution control measures for air pollution, waste water generation, solid waste management and noise control measures has already taken at the existing IOCL at Jasidih, which will be strengthened after construction of additional storages tankages within IOCL at Jasidih. 6.0 Environmental Monitoring Plan To check the efficacy of the adopted mitigation measures and environmental Management plan, post project monitoring is carried out for various environmental parameters. In case, the monitored results of environmental parameter are found to exceed the allowable/stipulated values, the Environmental Management Cell suggests ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 19

20 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand remedial actions and gets these suggestions implemented through the concerned personnel. 6.1 Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring Ambient air quality parameters suggested during operation phase of the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih are Particulate Matters (PM2.5), Particulate Matter (PM10), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), HC and VOC. 6.2 Water Quality Monitoring The monitoring of the ground water quality will be carried out at one location in accordance to Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS 10500:2012 for relevant parameters as directed by concerned authorities i.e. BIS. 6.3 Noise Levels Monitoring The measurement of noise levels would be carried out at suggested locations in accordance to the Ambient Noise Standards formulated by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC). Noise levels would be monitored on twentyfour hourly basis. Noise measurements should be recorded at A weighted frequency using a slow time response mode of the measuring instrument. 7.0 Risk Assessment and Disaster Management Plan Hazard identification, risk assessment and Disaster Management Plan of IOCL Jasidih have been carried to ensure acceptability of the on-site and off-site risk exposures as per Petroleum and Natural Gas Regulatory Board (PNGRB) guidelines. 8.0 Project Benefits The demand for petroleum products is ever growing. Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) has proposed to set up proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays at Jasidih Terminal reduce the gap in demand and supply of petroleum product in the area/region of Jharkhand. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 20

21 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Direct Benefits The proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays at Jasidih of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal, will yield following benefits: Provide continuity of petroleum product supply to the consumers through distributors in the area/region. Improvement in The Social Infrastructure The proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL Jasidih will create opportunities for direct and indirect employment in the area.the proposed expansion of oil terminal will initiate local economic growth and thereby the potential to enhance quality of life of the local communities. Employment Potential The project activities will provide employment to persons of different skills and trades. The local population will be given preference depending on availability to employment of different categories during construction phase. Local people will get employment opportunity for security, house-keeping, maintenance, etc. at the plant and indirectly at proposed expansion of oil terminal of IOCL at Jasidih. Other Benefits The proposed expansion of oil terminal of IOCL shall create tangible benefits as described below: Plant is located in Jaisidh Industrial Area. No separate land will be required during proposed expansion. Expansion is proposed within existing oil terminal of IOCL. The socio-economic impacts linked to the acquisition of land and structures will not appear in the project. During operation phase of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays at Jasidih of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal, no significant impacts on environment are anticipated. The proposed installation of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays at Jasidih of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities mainly during the operation phase. Local semi-skilled and unskilled labourers will get direct employment in operation phase. This is a moderate positive impact of the proposed project. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 21

22 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 9.0 Environment Management Plan The Environment Management Plan (EMP) during the construction and operation phase endeavours to mitigate the adverse impacts and to encourage the positive benefits. Pollution expected during construction phase of proposed project is considerably insignificant. Environmental protection and improvement measures must be taken at design stage itself so as to minimize impacts during construction & operation phase of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih. The impact of the pollution during construction phase on the environment would be basically of transient nature and are expected to wear out gradually on completion of the construction phase. However, once the construction job related to the proposed units is completed and operation of units started, the operation stage impacts would overlap the impacts due to the construction activities. Environmental Management Cell The proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at Jasidih of IOCL have full-fledge Safety and Environmental Protection (S&EP) cell at corporate level to take care of any environmental issue at its oil terminal. It is suggested that IOCL should designate one of its official for implementation of EMP during construction and operation phases. Environmental Training To achieve the objective of pollution control, it is essential not only to provide best pollution control system but also to provide trained manpower resources to operate the same. The regular in-house training programme should cover the following: Awareness of pollution control and environmental protection. Knowledge of norms, regulations and procedures. Occupational health and safety at IOCL terminal. Fire fighting facilities proposed for additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 22

23 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Reporting And Monitoring System The reporting system will operate linearly with the person who is at the lowest level of the implementation system to the project management and shall report to Territorial Manager of IOCL. For the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at Jasidih of IOCL, all reporting to the Territorial Manager of IOCL will be on weekly basis. The IOCL s Environmental Management Cell will be responsible for preparing targets for each of the identified mitigation measures. Photographic records will also be established to provide useful environmental monitoring tools. A full record will be kept as part of normal contract monitoring. Budgets For Implementation of EMP And Monitoring Plan The budget for implementation of mitigation measures and environmental management plan to mitigate the potential adverse environmental impacts during operation phase are suggested in table 9.1. S.No. Table 9.1 : Budget for Implementation of EMP and Monitoring Plan Description Capital Cost Cost in Lakh Rupees Recurring Cost 1 Environmental Monitoring Plantation Environmental Awareness & Training Rainwater Harvesting Total Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) In light of the Corporate Social Responsibility program, Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) in the area will be undertaken as per Government of India guidelines. Table 9.2 : Budgetary allocation for CSR S.No Description Qty Unit Rate Amt. in Rs. 1 Earth Filling 70 CM Provision of community center 40 NO of size 60 SM[6X10] 3 Provision of Girls toilet With Septic Tank, Soak pit, 2 NO Inspection Chambers, ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 23

24 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Overhead With 1000 Liters 4 Provision of Boys Toilet With 2 NO Septic Tank, Soak pit,sanitary Pipes &Inspection Chambers, Overhead Tank Of 1000Litres 5 Provision of bore well with 2 NO Hand force pump with Suitable submersible pump 6 Provision of RO Water purifier (for drinking purpose ) 2 NO Procurement of swing 10 NO Machines for Ladies 8 Procurement of Desktop PC 3 NO with UPS &printers 9 Computer Table, Chairs 3 Set Primary health 1 NO Facilities(Patient Bed, Dr Table +Chair,3 Total Service Tax, 5% contingency, VAT Total Say Rs.(In lacs) ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 24

25 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand COMPLIANCE OF TERMS OF REFERENCE PRESCRIBED BY SEIAA, JHARKHAND S.No. Terms of Reference (TOR) Compliance 1. Executive Summary of the Project. Executive summary of the project is given in EIA report. 2. Project description and the project benefits. Process details along with the proposed allied facilities and design details of all the tanks with animated model (existing and proposed units). Layout plan with the provision of truck parking area earmarking of area for parking of lorries at a remote location to avoid congestion. Details of the storage and technical specification with the Refer Chapter 2 of the EIA report safety aspects & standards. 3. Does the company have a well laid down Environment Policy approved by its Board of Directors? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA report. 4. Does the environment policy prescribe for standard operating process/procedures to bring into focus any infringement/deviation/violation of the environmental or forest norms/conditions? If so, it may be detailed in the EIA. 5. What is the hierarchical system or administrative order of the company to deal with the environmental issues and for ensuring compliance with the EC conditions. Details of this system may be given. 6. Does the company have a system of reporting of non compliances/violations of environmental norms to the board of directors of the company and/or shareholders or stakeholders at large? This reporting mechanism should be detailed in the EIA report. 7. Details of the Environment Management Cell having qualified persons with proper background. 8. The study area will comprise of 10 km zone around the project. Yes, In order to implement the proposed environmental management programme efficiently within organization, periodical monitoring as per statutory guidelines and mid course corrections/action are taken. Yes, the standard operating procedure for each critical operation shall be prepared and non compliance will be discussed in monthly review meeting and proper action will be initiated. In order to implement the proposed environmental management programme efficiently within the organization, periodical monitoring as per statutory guidelines and mid course corrections/actions, management intends to establish environment cell for successful implementation. Yes, the company has a system of reporting of non compliance/violations of environmental norms to the Board of Directors of the company and shareholders/stakeholders. The details are given in Chapter-9 of EIA report. Management intends to establish environment cell. Agreed 9. Land use of the study area delineating forest Refer to section 2.2 in Chapter 2 of the EIA ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 25

26 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand area, agriculture land, grazing land, wildlife sanctuary and national park, migratory routes of fauna, water bodies, human settlements and other ecological features should be indicated. 10. Land use plan of the project area should be prepared to encompass pre-operational, operational phases and submitted. 11. High resolution satellite imagery of the proposed area clearly showing the land use and other ecological features of the study area should be furnished. 12. A certificate from competent authority in the state forest department should be provided, confirming the involvement of forest land, if any in the project area or otherwise based on land use classification (revenue record) as also in terms of the definition of forest as pronounced in the judgment of the Hon ble Supreme Court of India in the matter of T.N. Godavarman Vs. Union of India. In the event of any claim by the project proponent regarding the status of forests, the site may be inspected by the state forest department along with the regional office of the ministry to ascertain the status of forest, based on which the certificate in this regard as mentioned above be issued. In all such cases it would be desirable for representative of the state forest department to assist the Expert Appraisal Committee. 13. Status of forestry clearance for the broken up area and virgin forestland involved in the project including deposition of net present value (NPV) and compensatory afforestation (CA). A copy of the forestry clearance should be furnished. 14. Implementation of status of recognition of forest rights under the Scheduled Tribes and other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, 2006 should be indicated. 15. Impact of the project on wildlife in the surrounding and any other protected area and accordingly detailed mitigative measures required should be worked out with cost implications and submitted. report. Agreed Details are given and incorporated in Chpater-3 of EIA report. As there is no forestland is involved in the project area, hence this is not applicable. Not Applicable Not Applicable Details are given in Chapter-4 of EIA report. 16. The vegetation in the RF/PF area with Details are given in Table 1.1, Chapter-1 of ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 26

27 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand necessary details should be given. 17. A study shall be got done to ascertain the impact of the project on wildlife of the area. 18. Location of National Park, Sanctuaries, Biosphere Reserves, Wildlife Corridors, Tiger/Elephant Reserves (existing as well as proposed), if any within 10km of the project should be clearly indicated supported by a location map duly authenticated by Chief Wildlife Warden. Necessary clearance, if any as may be applicable to such projects due to projects due to proximity of the ecologically sensitive areas as mentioned above should be obtained from the state wildlife department/chief Wildlife Warden under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 and copy furnished. In case, there is no such eco-sensitive area within 10km, the boundary of the nearest eco-sensitive are area with its distance shall be marked in a drawing and included in the EIA/EMP report. 19. A detailed biological study for the study area shall be carried out. Details of flora and fauna, duly authenticated, separately for core and buffer zone should be furnished based on primary field survey clearly indicating the schedule of the fauna present. In case of any schedule-i fauna found in the study area, the necessary plan for their conservation should be prepared in consultation with state forest and wildlife department and details furnished. Necessary allocation of funds for implementing the same should be made as part of the project cost. 20. Impact, if any of change of land use should be given. 21. Proposal for safety buffer zone around the proposed site with map. 22. List of industries within 10 km radius of the project. 23. R&R plan/compensation details for the project affected people should be furnished. While preparing the R&R plan, the Jharkhand state and national rehabilitation & resettlement policy should be kept in view. In respect of SCs/STs and other EIA/EMP report. Details are given in Chapter-3 and Chapter-4 of EIA/EMP report. Not Any Agreed and given in Chapter-3 of EIA report. None Details are given in Layout plan of project showing buffer zone in Chapter-2 of EIA report. Details are given and enclosed as Annexure with the EIA report. Not Applicable ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 27

28 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand weaker sections need based policy should be kept in view. In respect of SCs/STs and other weaker sections, need based sample survey, family wise, should be undertaken to assess their requirement and action programmes prepared accordingly integrating the sectoral programme of line department of State Government. 24. Collection of one season (non-monsoon) primary baseline data on ambient air quality, water quality, noise level, soil and flora and fauna. Site specific meteorological data should also be collected. The location of the monitoring stations should be justified. Date wise collected baseline AAQ data should from part of EIA and EMP report. The mineralogical composition of RSPM/SPM particularly free silica should be given. There should be at least one monitoring station within 500m of the project in the predominant downwind direction. The mineralogical composition of PM 10 particularly for free silica should be given. 25. Collection of one complete season (nonmonsoon) primary baseline data (along with dates of monitoring) on environmental quality such as air (PM10, PM2.5, SOx & NOx ), noise, water (surface and ground water), soil, climatology & meteorology. Background level of hydrocarbons (methane & non methane HC) and VOCs should also be collected. 26. The monitoring should be conducted as per Central Pollution Control Board s guidelines and parameters for water testing for both ground water as per prevalent guidelines. 27. Surface water, ground water, soil, noise and ambient air quality be monitored at least at eight stations/locations around the proposed site. At least one monitoring station in the upwind/downstream/non-impact non polluting area as a control station. 28. Air quality modeling should be carried out for prediction of impact of the project on the air quality of the area. It should also take into account the impact of movement of vehicle for transportation of LPG. The Agreed. Refer Chapter 3 of the EIA report. Agreed. Refer Chapter 3 of the EIA report Agreed Agreed Details of wind rose showing predominant wind direction is given in Chapter-3 of EIA report. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 28

29 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand details of the model used and input parameters used for modeling should be provided. The air quality contours may be shown on a location map clearly indicating the location of the site, location of sensitive receptors, if any and the habitation. The wind roses showing pre-dominant wind direction may also be indicated on the map. 29. The water requirement for the project, its availability and source to be furnished. A detailed water balance should also be provided. Fresh water requirement for the project should be indicated. 30. Necessary clearance from the Competent Authority for drawl of requisite quantity of water for the project should be provided. 31. Details of water conservation measures proposed to be adopted in the project should be given. 32. Impact of the project on the water quality both surface and ground water should be assessed and necessary safeguard measures, if any required should be provided. 33. Based on actual monitored data, it may clearly be shown whether working will intersect ground water. Necessary data and documentation in this regard may be provided. In case the working will intersect groundwater table, a detailed hydro geological study should be undertaken and report furnished. Necessary permission from Central Ground Water Authority for working below ground water and for pumping of ground water should also be obtained and copy furnished. 34. Details of any stream, seasonal or otherwise, passing through lease project and modification/diversion proposed, if any and the impact of the same on the hydrology should be brought out. 35. Details of rainwater harvesting in the project should be provided. The same should be got approved from Ground Water Directorate Government of Jharkhand/Central Ground Water Board/Authority. Details of water requirement for the project & its source is given in Chapter-2 of EIA report. Not Applicable Rainwater harvesting structures are available for water conservation measures within the terminal. Details are given in Chapter-9, EIA report. The monitoring of the ground and surface water quality will be carried out in accordance to Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS 10500:2012 for relevant parameters as directed by concerned authorities i.e. BIS. Not applicable None Rainwater harvesting structures are available for water conservation measures within the terminal. Details are given in Chapter-9 of the EIA report. 36. Details of solid waste generation to be Refer Chapter-9 of the EIA report. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 29

30 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand estimated and details (covering both existing and proposed units) for its disposal and management should be provided. Plan for disposal of oily and hazardous waste should be included and quantities indicated. 37. Mode of transport of and storage of petroleum products to and from the plant (covering both existing and proposed units), risk analysis during transportation and safety measures thereby. Impact on local transport infrastructure due to the project should be indicated. Projected increase in truck traffic as a result of the project in the present road network (including those outside the project area) should be worked out. Indicating whether it is capable of handling the increasing load. Arrangement for improving the infrastructure, if contemplated (including action to be taken by other agencies such as State Government) should be covered. 38. Details of the infrastructure facilities to be provided for the workers should be included in the EIA report. 39. Phase wise plan of greenbelt development, plantation and compensatory afforestation should be charted clearly indicating the area to be covered under plantation and the species to be planted. The details of plantation already done should be given. 40. Occupational health impact of project should be anticipated and preventive measures initiated. Details of proposed occupational health surveillance program for the employees and other labour should be provided. Details of pre placement medical examination and periodical medical examination schedules should be incorporated in the EMP. 41. Public health implication of the project and related activities for the population in the impact zone should be systematically evaluated and the proposed remedial measures should be detailed along with budgetary allocation. 42. Measures of socio-economic significance and influence to the local community proposed to be provided by project proponent should be indicated. As far as Refer Chapter 2 of the EIA report. Refer section 2.7 of Chapter 2 of the EIA report. Refer section of Chapter 9 of the EIA report. Refer section of Chapter 9 of the EIA report Refer Chapter 7 of the EIA report Refer Chapter 1 of the EIA report ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 30

31 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand possible, quantitative dimensions may be given with time frame for implementation. 43. Detailed environmental management plan to mitigate the environmental impacts which, should inter alia also include the impact due to change of land use, due to loss of agricultural land and grazing land, if any occupational health impacts besides other impacts of the projects. The EMP shall also includes o Details and frequency of the mock drills o Details of installation of peizometric holes to monitor the ground water quality after commissioning of plant. o Detailed solid waste generation, collection, segregation its recycling and reuse treatment and disposal. o Assessment of impact on air, water, soil, solid/hazardous waste and noise levels. o Plan for fire fighting facilities as per OISD 117 norms. o Details of proposed preventive measures for leakages and accident. o Details of vapour recovery system. 44. Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan (i) Identification of hazards. (ii) Consequences Analysis (iii) Preventive measures (iv) Risk Assessment should also include leakages during storage handling transportation and proposed measures for risk reduction. (v) Fire and explosion hazard. 45. Risk assessment should also include follow up/compliance to safety & hazardous material management facilities possibilities of fire and explosion accident, risk assessment for accident at site and its impact on adjoining area, risk mitigation measures disaster management plan on site & offsite emergency plan. 46. A separate chapter on onsite and off site emergency plan as approved by the health & safety department along with rapid analyses report of the plant is to be conducted and included in the EIA/EMP report. 47. Public hearing points raised and commitment of the project proponent on the Refer Chapter 9 of the EIA report Refer Chapter 7 of the EIA report Refer Chapter 7 of the EIA report Refer Chapter 7 of the EIA report Not applicable ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 31

32 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand same along with time bound action plan to implement the same should be provided and also incorporated in the final EIA/EMP report of the project. 48. Details of litigation pending against project, if any with direction/order passed by any court of law against the project should be given. 49. The EIA/EMP report covering the impacts and management plan for the project specific activities on the environment of the region and the environmental quality all water, noise, land, biotic community through collection of data and information generation of data on impact for a rated capacity. 50. Public Hearing The following general points should be noted: a. Properly indexed, page numbered. b. Period/date of data collection should be clearly indicated (non-monsoon). c. Authenticated English translation of all material in regional languages should be provided. d. The letter/application for environmental clearances should quote the SEIAA, Jharkhand file no. and also attach a copy of letter. e. Site related monitoring shall be carried out for 3 months in one season (non monsoon). f. The index of the final EIA-EMP report must indicate the specific chapter and page no. of the EIA/EMP report. g. While preparing the EIA report, the instruction for the proponents and instructions for the consultants issued by MoEF vide O.M. No.J-11013/41/2006- IA.II (I) dated 4 th August, 2009 which are available on the website of this Ministry should also be followed. h. The consultants involved in the preparation of EIA/EMP report after accreditation with Quality Council of India (QCI)/National Accreditation Board of Education and Testing (NABET) would need to include a certificate in this regard in the EIA/EMP Not applicable Refer Chapter 9 of the EIA report Not applicable ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 32

33 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand reports prepared by them and data provided by other organization/laboratories including their status of approvals etc. 51. Detailed EMP to mitigate the adverse impact due to project along with item wise cost of its implementation (capital & recurring). Beside the above, the below mentioned general points should also be followed: Sr. Particulars Cost In Lakhs Capital Cost Recurring Cost 1. Environmental Monitoring Plantation Environmental Awareness & Training Rainwater Harvesting Total a) A note confirming compliance of Agreed TOR, with cross referencing of the relevant sections/pages of the EIA report should be provided. b) All document may be properly Agreed referenced with index and continuous page numbering. c) Where data are presented in the Agreed report especially in tables, the period in which the data were collected and the sources should be indicated. d) Where the document provided are in Agreed a language other than English, an English translation should be provided. e) The questionnaire for environmental - appraisal of petroleum product & storage bottling projects as prescribed by the Ministry shall also be filled and submitted. f) Compliance of Environmental Agreed conditions (EC Conditions) issued for existing units shall be included in EIA/EMP report. g) Details of all statutory clearances Agreed obtained from various bodies like explosive, inspector of factories etc. and their compliance of condition(s) imposed therein shall be included in EIA/EMP report. h) All requirements as specified by Oil Agreed ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 33

34 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Industry Safety Directorate shall be complied with and their detailed status included in EIA/EMP report. i) While preparing EIA report, the instructions for the proponents and instruction for the consultants issued by MoEF vide O.M. No.. J /41/2006-IA.II (I) dated 04th August 2009, which are available on the website of this ministry should also be followed. j) Changes if any made in the basic scope and project parameter (as submitted in Form-I and F.R. for securing TOR) should be brought to the attention of SEIAA, Jharkhand with reason for such changes and permission should be sought as the TOR may also have to be altered. Post Public hearing changes in structure and content of the draft EIA/EMP (other than modification arising out of the P.H. process) will entail conducting the PH process again with the revised documentation. Agreed Agreed ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 34

35 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 1.1 Background CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION M/s. Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) is the project proponent of the proposed expansion of MS, HSD, SKO & 4TLF bays at existing oil terminal at Jasidih, District- Deoghar, Jharkhand. Existing oil terminal have obtained EC from MOEF, New Delhi in absence of SEIAA, Jharkhand vide file No.-J-11011/320/2010-IA.II (I) dated IOCL has set up with a storage capacity of KL of various petroleum products at Jasidih terminal, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand. The existing oil terminal of IOCL located at Jasidih to fulfill the demand of valuable customer of IOCL as per its commitment. Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) owns and operates petroleum product marketing depots through Tap off Point between two refineries. The Tap-off points with isolated storage of the petroleum products minimizes the product transportation cost and vehicular pollution load on the environment. Economic feasibility is worked-out comparing the product landed cost of existing Dhanbad depot with the proposed additional storages tankages TOP for all products considering Refinery Production Cost (RPC) and operating cost of Pipeline. The Least Landed Cost at Jasidih by pipeline mode for MS, HSD and SKO works out with savings of Rs , Rs and Rs per MT respectively when compared with that of supplies to Dhanbad (i.e, Haldia to Rajbandh by Pipeline and Rajbandh to Dhanbad by Rail). The differential transportation cost i.e, pipeline savings works out to Rs lacs per annum at thruput level (IOC+IBP) of 2.15 Lac KL during The study of the financial analysis carried out by the project proponent reveals that the proposed expansion within existing oil terminal is viable and profitable. IRR of the project works out to 14.63% at mark-up of 8% on RTP. The construction of TOP at Jasidih in Jharkhand State is an operational / marketing necessity of IOCL to meet POL requirement of IOCL customers in Dhanbad, Deoghar, Giridih supply area. The construction of TOP at Jasidih is a cost effective consideration because Haldia Barauni Pipeline is passing nearby the proposed site. At present Jasidih oil terminal of IOCL receives various petroleum product through Haldia-Barauni Pipeline. IOCL obtained consent to establish from Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board, Ranchi vide Ref. no. B-5614, dated and consent to operate under Air and ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 35

36 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Water Act vide Ref. no.b-2222, dated , respectively. All mandatory licenses/permission have obtained by IOCL Jasidih Terminal. Now, IOCL wants to propose additional storage tankages of MS (1x10592 KL), HSD (1x9025 KL), SKO (1x2100 KL) and 4 nos. of additional bottom loading TLF bays within existing oil terminal at Jadisih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand. The State Level Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SEIAA), Jharkhand issued terms of reference vide letter no. EC/SEIAA/ /798/2015/593 dated The EIA/EMP report for proposed expansion project has been prepared as per prescribed TOR. 1.2 Identification of the Project IOCL wants to propose the expansion of MS (1x10592KL), HSD (1x9025KL), SKO (1x2100KL) and 4nos. TLF bays within existing oil terminal at Jasidih, District- Deoghar, Jharkhand. Petroleum product will be received through existing Haldia- Barauni pipeline of IOCL. 1.3 Identification of the Project Proponent Indian Oil Corporation (Indian Oil) is India's largest commercial enterprise, with a sales turnover of Rs. 4,50,756 Crore (US$ 73.7 billion) and profits of Rs. 5,273 Crore for the year Indian Oil is ranked 119th among the world's largest corporate (and first among Indian enterprises) in the prestigious Fortune Global 500 listing for the year As India's flagship national oil company, with a 33,000 strong work-force currently, Indian Oil has been meeting India s energy demands for over half a century. With a corporate vision to be 'The Energy of India' and to become 'A globally admired company,' Indian Oil's business interests straddle the entire hydrocarbon value-chain from refining, pipeline transportation and marketing of petroleum products to exploration & production of crude oil & gas, marketing of natural gas and petrochemicals, besides forays into alternative energy and globalization of downstream operations. During the XII Plan period ( ), the Corporation is investing Rs. 56,200 Crore in a host of projects that include augmentation of refining capacity, expansion of petrochemicals infrastructure, and building the E&P portfolio. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 36

37 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fig.1.0 A view of Group Refineries and Pipeline network of IOCL IOCL is having excellent track record and progressive outlook in regularly updating its technology as well as undertaking expansion programmes. IOCL has pursued a proactive environmental management policy and has established an environmental management system, in recognition of which, it has received a number of prestigious awards. The company enjoys excellent performance track record in terms of production, financial results, energy conservation, safety and environmental protection. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 37

38 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 1.4 Brief Description of the Project Nature, Location & Size of the Project Jasidih Oil terminal of IOCL located at Jasidih Industrial Area about 4.0 km from Jasidih town, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand store various petroleum products through Haldia-Barauni pipeline. The proposal of expansion of additional storage tankages of Motor Spirit (MS) (1x10592 KL), High Speed Diesel (HSD) (1x9025KL), Superior Kerosene Oil, SKO (1x2100 KL) and 4 nos. TLF bays within existing oil terminal at Jasidih Need for the Project & Its Importance The existing oil terminal of IOCL located at Jasidih is re-sited Dhanbad Depot, to fulfill the demand of valuable customer of IOCL as per its commitment. IOCL has proposed additional storages tankages of MS, HSD, SKO & 4TLF Bays oil terminal at Jasidih in Deoghar district of Jharkhand with installation of isolated storage system for MS, HSD & SKO. Petroleum products are the most preferred fossil fuels in the domestic, industrial and transport sectors. With the growth of population, industrialization, urbanization and modernization, the demand of petroleum products such as Motor Sprit (MS), HSD & SKO etc. are increasing at a very rapid pace. In order to economically deliver the petroleum products to the consumption centres and for effective evacuation of product from depots, additional storage of petroleum products is utmost need. Proposed expansion project is an operational/marketing necessity of IOCL to meet requirement of IOCL customers in Dhanbad, Deoghar and Giridih and other adjoining supply areas. The proposed expansion of additional storage tankages of MS, HSD & SKO will reduce the gap in demand and supply in nearby area and the region. 1.5 Site Characteristics Location The Google earth image showing the project site is given in Fig.1.1. The location of project site is represented in the Fig Connectivity The project is well connected by rail and road network. National Highway NH-333 is located about 1.7 km in NE direction of project site. Nearest Railway station is Jasidih Railway Station at about 3.5 km in NE direction of project site. Birsa Munda Airport, Ranchi is located at a distance of 188 km in South West direction of project. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 38

39 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Environmental Settings The area of the existing terminal is about 27 acres. The topography and land use of the project site and its surroundings area covering 10 km radius are given in Fig. 1.3 & 1.4. Environmental settings are presented in Table 1.1. Table 1.1 Site Details & Environmental Settings S.No. Particular Details 1 Name of Project Proposed Expansion of Jasidih Terminal of IOCL 2 Project Location Jasidih Industrial Area, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Latitude Longitude 24 o N 86 o E 3 Products to be Handled Motor Spirit (MS), High Speed Diesel (HSD) & SKO (Superior Kerosene Oil) & Ethanol 4 Source of Product Haldia-Barauni pipeline 5 Mode of Receipt Through Pipeline 6 Storage Capacity A. Existing Capacity of Oil Terminal Jasidih, IOCL S. No. Product Class A Capacity 1. MS Tank 2x4241 KL + 1x 2212 KL = KL 2. Ethanol Tank 3x70 KL = 210 KL 3. Transmix MS 1x500 KL = 500 KL Class B 1. SKO Tank 1x3006 KL + 2x938 KL = 4882 KL 2. HSD Tank 2x5303 KL + 2x2604 KL = KL 3. HSD Tank 1x20 KL (U/G) = 20 KL 4. Water Tank 2x5600 KL = KL B. Proposed Expansion S. No. Product Capacity 1. MS Tank 1x KL 2. HSD Tank 1x 9025 KL 3. SKO Tank 1x 2100 KL 4. Tank Truck Filling Bays 4 nos bottom filling loading bays 7 Land 27 Acres 8 Project Cost Rs Crores 9 Layout & Fire Fighting As per OISD-116 & OISD-117 and VRS system 10 Time Schedule 24 Months (Approx.) 11 Manpower Requirement 25 (Approx.) 12 Site elevation above MSL 260m ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 39

40 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 13 Topography Plain 14 Present Land Use Industrial 15 Nearest Highway NH-333, ~1.7 km (NE direction) 16 Nearest Railway Station Jasidih Railway Station, ~3.5 km (NE direction) 17 Nearest Airport Birsa Munda Airport, Ranchi, ~188 km (SW direction) 18 Nearest Town/City Deoghar, ~10.0 km (ESE direction) 19 Water Bodies Ajay River, ~8.8 km in SSE direction Dharwa River, ~4.8 km in NNW direction Kutaniya Nadi ~4.5 km in south direction 20 Hills/Valleys Hillock-Dighariya Pahar about 3.75 km in west direction 21 Archaeological important None in 10 km radius places 22 Area protected under Nil in 10 km radius international conventions/national or local legislation for their ecological landscape, cultural or other related issue 23 Area which are important or Nil in 10 km radius sensitive for ecological reason-wetland, watercourse or other water bodies, coastal zone, biospheres, mountains, forest 24 Area used by protected, Nil in 10 km radius important or sensitive species of flora and fauna for breeding, nesting, foraging, resting, over wintering, migration 25 Inland, coastal, marine or underground waters Nil in 10 km radius 26 Routes or facilities used by the public for access to recreation or other tourist, pilgrim areas Pilgrim Centre-Baba Baidyanath Temple, Deoghar ~ 7.0 km in ESE direction. 27 Defense installation Nil in 10 km radius 28 Densely populated or built Jasidih ~0.7 km in East direction up area 29 Area occupied by sensitive All the facilities (hospitals, schools, place of worship, man made land uses community facilities etc.) exist at District-Deoghar (hospitals, schools, place of located about 5.0 km in east south east direction. worship, community facilities) ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 40

41 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 30 Area containing high quality or scarce resources (ground water resources, surface resources, forestry, agriculture, fisheries, tourism, minerals) 31 Area already subjected to pollution or environmental damage (those where existing legal environmental standards are exceeded) 32 Area susceptible to natural hazard which could cause the project to present environmental problems (earthquakes, subsidence, landslide, erosion, flooding or extreme or adverse climatic conditions) 33 Reserve/Protected Forest 34 National Parks/Wildlife Sanctuaries/ Biosphere reserves/ eco sensitive areas etc. Nil in 10 km radius Nil in 10 km radius In view point of seismicity, the area comes under Zone- III (moderate damage risk zone). In recent, there is no reporting of environmental disaster so far from study area. S.No. Status of Forest (PF/RF) Distance Direction 1 PF near Basantpur 4.25km SW 2 PF near Dighariya Pahar 3.5km SW 3 PF near Chapriya 6.35km WSW 4 PF, Barwa 7.2km WSW 5 PF near Majhiyana 9.0km WSW 6 PF near Barwa 7.3km WSW 7 PF near Dumarkhudi 7.7km SW 8 PF near Tiliyamarhi 7.4km SW 9 PF near Prandih 8.4km SW 10 PF near Khikhatari 8.75km SSW 11 PF near Chordiha 8.1km SE 12 PF near Bhandarkol 8.5km SE Nil in 10 km radius 1.6 Approach Methodology The primary objective of the EIA study is to internalize and integrate the environmental concern/aspects and mitigation measures due to proposed expansion of Jasidih IOCL terminal. The EIA study for proposed expansion of Jasidih terminal of IOCL has been carried out with the following objectives: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 41

42 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand (i) Collection of baseline attributes in study area. The EIA will cover one season baseline environmental data as per the guidelines of MOEF&CC. The scope includes collection of baseline data to identify the various environmental parameters such as air, water, soil, noise levels, socio-economic factors, land use, biological environment (flora & fauna) in the adjoining area of the proposed project site. (ii) Identification, prediction, evaluation & migration of biophysical, social, & other relevant effects of development on the environment during the operation phase of the proposed expansion using appropriate mathematical models etc. (iii)preparation of risk assessment and emergency preparedness/disaster management plan for the project. (iv) Preparation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) to be adopted for mitigation of the anticipated adverse impacts of the proposed expansion project during operational phase. (v) Delineation of the post project environmental quality monitoring as per the Study Period requirement of the regulatory authorities. For preparation of EIA for the proposed expansion of Jasidih Terminal, the data was collected during the winter season (Feb-2016 to April -2016) from the study area. All the environmental related data have collected during the study period from 10 km radius study area. 1.7 Need for EIA As per EIA Notification S.O. No issued on 14 th September, 2006 and its subsequent amendment the proposed project is falling under the schedule 6(b)-Isolated Storage & Handling of Hazardous Chemicals and Category B. Hence, this project requires prior environmental clearance from SEIAA, Jharkhand. Accordingly, the EIA/EMP report has been prepared based on the Terms of Reference issued by SEIAA, Jharkhand. 1.8 Scope & Methodology Scope of EIA Study An area of 10km radius from the Jasidih Terminal of IOCL has been considered as the general study area for conducting detailed studies/baseline data generation. 10km radius map of the study area on Google earth and Survey of India (SOI) toposheet are shown in Fig. and Fig ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 42

43 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand The scope of EIA study is as follows: To undertake environmental monitoring so as to establish the baseline environmental status of the environmental components; To identify pollution load due to various activities To evaluate the predicted impacts on the various environmental attributes in the study area by using widely accepted environmental impact assessment methodologies; To prepare an Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining the measures for improving the environmental quality and for environmentally sustainable development. To prepare post project environmental monitoring plan to monitor the changes in the environmental quality after the implementation of the proposed project of expansion Methodology for EIA Studies To assess the baseline status of environment, monitoring locations were selected, keeping in mind the micro-meteorology, season and existing sources of pollution in the area. Different environmental attributes for their various parameters were monitored and analyzed during the study period (February 2016 to April 2016). Secondary data collected from different Govt., Semi-Govt. Agencies and other agencies were compiled, interpreted and presented. The scope of the study also includes a detailed characterization of various environmental components like air, noise, water, meteorology soil, ecology (flora & fauna) and socio- economic conditions within an area of 10km radius around the proposed expansion of Jasidih Terminal of IOCL. 1.9 Site Selection The IOCL proposes additional storage tankages for MS, HSD, SKO & 4nos. bottom loading TLF bays within existing terminal of IOCL in Jasidih and Badladih village, Deoghar District of Jharkhand state, which is located in the industrial area. There is no national parks and wildlife sanctuaries, etc. within 10km radius of the proposed expansion project Air Environment Ambient air quality data within 10 km radius were collected during the study area period. Taking into account micro-meteorological conditions, sampling sites were ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 43

44 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand identified. Fugitive emissions in the work zone environment and storage area were monitored. In this proposed expansion of additional storage tankages of MS, HSD & SKO, no chemical process is involved. It will involve receipt, storage and dispatch of various petroleum products in nearby areas in the state. Petroleum product is proposed to receipt through Haldia-Barauni pipeline. Eight ambient air quality monitoring stations were selected within the study area, one monitoring station at proposed plant site and seven monitoring stations located around the project. The parameters selected for ambient air quality monitoring are respirable particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2), hydro carbon (Methane & Non Methane), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) & Carbon monoxide (CO). All parameters were monitored on 24 hour cycle Water Environment Information on water resources was collected during the study period. The critical parameters of prime importance were selected and analyzed under physical and chemical (inorganic and organic) aspects. Ground and surface water samples were collected from different locations. Approximately 6 KLD of water will be required for drinking & sanitation purposes, greenbelt etc. There will not be any diversion of water from other users due to proposed plant. Rain water harvesting facilities will be provided to collect the annual rainfall. Storm water will be connected to the rainwater harvesting system. Plumbing will be done in such a way that waste water is used for gardening at the plant Noise Environment Noise pollution may cause an adverse effect on human beings and associated environment including land, domestic animals, wild life and natural ecological systems. Hence, noise level surveys were carried out at proposed expansion of Jasidih terminal of IOCL and at different locations within the study area around the project. The measurements were taken at proposed project boundaries, residential places like villages and noise sensitive areas like schools, hospitals etc. The physical description of sound concerns to its loudness as a function of frequency. Sound pressure levels (SPL s) are measured in decibels on the A-weighted scale, db (A), where the A-weighting scheme accounts for the sensitivities of the human ear over the audio spectrum. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 44

45 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Land & Social Environment The studies were undertaken to characterize and describe the land environment and various components in terms of land use and cropping patterns, physico-chemical properties of soils etc. Soil samples were collected and analyzed. The salient features around the proposed expansion of Jasidih Terminal of IOCL are given below (site key plan enclosed): Total plot area is 27 acres of which greenbelt will be developed in 8.91 acres; in case of non availability of sufficient land in the area other land such as schools, govt. waste land, Panchayat land or as per consultation with local Panchayat authorities, plantation would be carried in nearby areas. There is no likely impact of the proposed activity on the existing facilities adjacent to the site, such as open spaces, community facilities, details of the existing land use, disturbance to the local ecology. There will not be any land disturbance resulting in erosion, subsidence & instability. This project will not involve alteration of natural drainage systems. Based on the contour of the site, it will involve removal of top soil and cutting and filling based on the proposed facilities requirement and drainage scheme, which will be done at the detailed engineering stage. Excavated soil will not be transported outside and will be utilized within the site for plantation purposes. There is no industry located in its close proximity Biological Environment The study of biological environmental was based on physical observations of the species in the study area. The Functional Area Expert and supporting team visited the area and collected the data on flora and fauna, forestry and wildlife, as well as the avian scenario of the project study area Socio Economic Environment Compilation and collection of requisite type of socio-economic environment data were undertaken, such as, demographic pattern, population and economic status, literacy status, educational facilities, medical facilities, health status, transport and communication, entertainment etc. Socio-economic data were collected from villages falling within a radius of 10 km of the study area also. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 45

46 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Likely impacts on Environment The proposed expansion of Jasidih Terminal of IOCL involving the receipt, storage and dispatch of MS, HSD & SKO can directly or indirectly affect the environment, so the following environmental dimensions have been studied in detail to analyze the resulting impact on environment as a whole: Air Environment Noise Environment Water Environment Land Environment Biological Environment Socio Economic Environment The assessment of above environmental impacts have been carried out and discussed in the subsequent chapters of EIA Report. Accordingly, various safeguards have been suggested to ensure that the potential impacts are mitigated and conform to the prescribed limits Environmental Management Plan (EMP) The project will involve receipt, store & dispatch of various petroleum products such as MS, HSD & SKO. The EIA study will suggest measures to mitigate adverse environmental impacts from project operations. Mitigation or enhancement measures will be recommended for various environmental components, wherever considered necessary. EMP will describe pollution control measures for air, water and noise, ecology as well as management of solid wastes, if any. Environmental Management Plan will also reviews the adequacy of various pollution control measures envisaged in mitigating various environmental impacts identified. EMP has been prepared describing administrative aspects of ensuring that mitigative measures are implemented and their effectiveness is monitored. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 46

47 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Risk Analysis & Disaster Management Plan Risk is defined as the unwanted consequences of a particular activity in relation to the likelihood that this may occur. Risk Analysis thus comprises of two variables, magnitude of consequences and the probability of occurrence of accident. The DMP followed by Risk Analysis from proposed expansion of Jasidih Oil terminal of IOCL has been prepared, which will help in identifying the vulnerable points and possible hazards. For meeting the emergencies caused by major accidents, planning response strategies are termed as Disaster Management Plan (DMP). Risk analysis and disaster management plant have been prepared and incorporated in EIA/EMP Report Structure of EIA/EMP Report The generic structure of the Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study for proposed expansion of Jasidih Terminal of IOCL is as follows: Executive Summary Chapter-1: Introduction Chapter-2: Project Description Chapter-3: Description of Environment Chapter-4: Anticipated environmental impacts and its mitigation measures Chapter-5: Alternative Analysis Chapter-6: Environmental Monitoring Plan Chapter-7: Risk Assessment & Disaster Management Plan (RA & DMP) Chapter-8: Project Benefits Chapter-9: Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Chapter-10: Disclosure of Consultants ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 47

48 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand India Jharkhand State Project Site Tehsil Map of Deoghar Plate 1.1 Location Map of Jasidih Oil Terminal of IOCL ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 48

49 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Plate 1.2 Google image showing Project site ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 49

50 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fig. 1.3 Map Showing connectivity around the Project Site ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 50

51 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fig. 1.4 Map showing connectivity around the Project Site (10km Radius Map) ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 51

52 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 Introduction This is a proposal of expansion of Jasidih terminal of IOCL of tankage capacity of Motor Spirit (MS) (1x10592 KL), High Speed Diesel (HSD) (1x9025 KL) & Superior Kerosene Oil (SKO) (1x2100 KL) & 4 nos. bottom filling loading bays within existing terminal. The petroleum products like MS, HSD & SKO will be received through existing 12" Haldia-Barauni pipeline passing adjacent Jasidih Terminal of IOCL at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand. The details of storage facilities of petroleum products are summarized in Table-2.1. Table Details of Existing & Proposed Tankages & 4nos. bottom loading bays Proposed Units S. No. Product Capacity 1. MS Tank 1x10592 KL 2. HSD Tank 1x9025 KL 3. SKO Tank 1x2100 KL 4. Tank Truck Filling Bays 4 nos bottom filling loading bays Existing Units Class A S. No. Product Capacity 1. MS Tank 2x4241 KL + 1x2212 KL = KL 2. Ethanol Tank 3x70 KL = 210 KL 3. Transmix MS 1x500 KL = 500 KL Class B 1. SKO Tank 1x3006 KL + 2x938 KL = 4882 KL 2. HSD Tank 2x5303 KL + 2x2604 KL = KL 3. HSD Tank 1x20 KL (U/G) = 20 KL 4. Water Tank 2x5600 KL = KL The material of construction of all the FR & CR tanks is mild steel and shall be constructed as per IS:803. The fire water storage tanks and fire hydrants shall be designed/ constructed as per OISD-117. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 52

53 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 2.2 Land Requirement The total area occupied by proposed project of Jasidih Terminal of IOCL is 27 Acres and has been leased to M/s. Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. The proposed expansion project layout is represented in Figure 2.8. The land use break-up is given in Table 2.1. Table Land Breakup Details S.No. Particulars Area in Acres % 1. Plant Area Roads/Corridor Plantation Parking for Trucks Office Total Product Properties MS/Gasoline Gasoline is a complex mixture of relatively volatile hydrocarbons that vary widely in chemical & physical properties and are derived from fractional distillation of crude petroleum with a further treatment mainly in terms of improvement of its octane rating. The Indian Standard governing the properties of motor gasoline & gasolineoxygenate blends is IS 2796: 2000 (3rd Rev). High Speed Diesel Petroleum derived diesel (called as petro diesel) is a mixture of straight run product (150 C and 350 C) with varying amount of selected cracked distillates and is composed of saturated hydrocarbons (primarily paraffins including normal, ISO and cycloparaffins), and aromatic hydrocarbons (including naphthalenes and alkyl benzenes). The Indian Standard governing the properties of diesel fuel is IS 1460:2005 (5th Rev). Important characteristics are ignition characteristics, handling at low temperature, flash point. Diesel fuel often contains higher quantities of sulphur. In India, emission standards (equivalent to Euro-II, Euro-III, Euro-IV) have necessitated oil refineries to reduce ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 53

54 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand the level of sulphur in diesel in view of the auto fuel policy brought in force by Govt. of India. Superior Kerosene Oil Kerosenes are distillate fractions of crude oil in the boiling range of C. They are treated mainly for reducing aromatic content to increase their smoke point (height of a smokeless flame) and hydro-refining to reduce sulphur content and to improve odour, colour & burning qualities (char value). The Indian Standard governing the properties of Kerosene is IS: 1459:1974 (2nd Rev). Table Properties of Liquid to be handled Properties Products MS SKO HSD 1. Boiling point, o C (range) Density at 15 o C Flash point, o C <18 >35 >32 4. Vapour press. At 38 o C (Kg/Cm 2 abs) Heat of combustion BTU/LB 18, , Auto ignition temp o (C) LFL (% V/V) UFL (% V/V) Table 2.3 Threshold Limits for Storage of Flammable Substances (As per MSIHC Rule of Schedule 3 Part-II) S. No. Group-5 Flammable Substances Quantity 1. Extremely Flammable Liquids 5,000 Te 2. Very Highly Flammable Liquids 10,000 Te 3. Highly Flammable Liquid which remains liquid under pressure 200 Te 4. Highly Flammable Liquid 20,000 Te 5. Flammable Liquid 50,000 Te Thus, it may be informed that the isolated storage system of inflammable petroleum products at Jasidih are in good agreement with the MSIHC rules. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 54

55 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Site proposed for MS & HSD Tank Fig. 2.1 A view of site proposed for MS & HSD Tank Site proposed for MS & HSD Tank Fig. 2.2 A view of site proposed for MS & HSD Tank ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 55

56 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Site proposed for SKO Tank Fig. 2.3 A view of Site proposed for SKO Tank 2.3 Loading/Distribution: By Tank Lorries There are 12 bays of tank lorry filling gantries existing and 4 bays of bottom loading filling bays are proposed in Block-II within exiting terminal of IOCL. The loading operation shall be controlled electronically. Table 2.4 Details of TLF Bays 1. TLF Shed (12 existing + 4 proposed) Bays 1 Bay with Platform on both sides, 2. TT checking/sealing shed Separate from TLF Shed TLD platform for emergency TT 1 point each for MS, HSD & SKO. 3. unloading Separately from TLF shed. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 56

57 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fig. 2.4 A view of existing TLF Bays (8+4) at Jasidih Terminal IOCL Fig. 2.5 A view of site propose for 4nos. additional new TLF Bays ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 57

58 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 2.4 Pumping Facilities The pumping facilities shall be as under: Table 2.5 TLF Pump Schedule NO. OF PUMPS PRODUCT CAPACITY OPRATING STANDBY 1 MS 2 (ORD.CEN.PUMP) LPM 45 SR. NO. HEAD m 2 HSD 3 (ORD.CEN.PUMP) LPM 45 3 SKO (PDS ) 2 (ORD.CEN PUMP) LPM 45 4 SKO (IND) 1 (ORD.CEN.PUMP) LPM 45 5 ETHANOL 3 (SUBMERSIBLE) 200 LPM 30 SR. NO. PRODUCT Table 2.6 TLD Pump Schedule (Horizontal) NO. OF PUMPS OPERTING STANDBY CAPACITY HEAD m 1 MS 1 Common 1200 LPM 30 2 HSD 1 with RESP LPM 30 3 SKO (PDS) 1 TLF S/B 1200 LPM 30 4 SKO (INDL) MAIN & S/B Pump would be used 2400 LPM Product Doping Facilities Provision shall be made for injection of Blue Dye in to SKO tanks during product receipt. Doping facilities shall be as per standard norms in SKO tanks during product receipt. 2.6 Safety and Fire Fighting Facilities The fire fighting network shall be designed based on OISD 118 (Layout for petroleum installation). The capacity of various Fire Fighting equipments shall be designed based on the guidelines stipulated under OISD 117. The entire network shall be kept under pressurized condition by two no. of jockey pump and five nos. of diesel driven pumps have been considered. The capacity of these pumps is such that the total fire water requirement can be met with running three pump only. The hydrants, water monitors and water cum foam monitors shall be placed suitably as per layout, requirements and meeting the guidelines given in OISD-117. In addition to fire water network, portable fire extinguishers shall also be placed suitably. The quantity of foam and other types of extinguishers are as per OISD-117. The personnel protective equipments (PPEs) have also been considered for the ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 58

59 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand proposed expansion of Oil terminal of Indian Oil Corporation Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand. Table Fire Fighting Facilities S.no. Description Capacity 1. Fire Water Storage Tanks 2 x 5600 KL (24m Dia x 15m Height) 2. Fire Water Pumps 5 nos. of 616m 3 /hr Capacity each Fig. 2.6 A view of layout showing ECC, Assembly point & Fire Hydrant System ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 59

60 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fire Water Storage Tanks Fig. 2.7 Fire Water Storage Facilities at Jasidih Terminal, IOCL Table 2.8 Fire Fighting Facilities available at Jasidih Terminal S. No. Item Installed Store Total Unit 1. 9 Kg DCP NOS Kg DCP NOS Kg DCP NOS 4. CO Kg NOS 5. CO Kg NOS 6. Foam Branch Pipe NOS 7. DCP Powder KG 8. Refilled Cartridge NOS 9. Fire Hose NOS 10. Fog Nozzle NOS 11. Jet Nozzle NOS 12. Universal Nozzle NOS 13. Water Curtain Nozzle NOS ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 60

61 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 14. AFFF KL 0 KL 15.36KL KL 15. Fire Proximity Suit NOS 16. Water Jel Blanket NOS 17. Rubber Hand Gloves NOS 18. Hand Siren NOS 19. SCABA NOS 20. Resuscitator NOS 21. Explosive meter NOS 2.7 Other Facilities Other important proposed utility and offsite facilities are as follows: Table 2.9 Other facilities S. NO DESCRIPTION SIZE QTY. 1 Security Block 4m X 4m 1 2 Car/Scooter/Cycle Shed 30m X 6m 1 3 Driver Rest Room In TT Parking Area 18.5mX8.5 m 1 4 Electrically Operated Gate 2 5 Administrative Building 30.85mX 20.4 m 1 6 Stores/Warehouse 17.4mX10.3m 1 7 Amenity Block 15.3 X m 10.3m 1 8 Electrical Sub-Station 8.5mX30m 5mX 6m 1 9 Water Sump 80KL 1 10 Fire Pump House 48mX 8m 1 11 Calibration Facility 8m X6m 1 12 T/T Checking@ Sealing Platform 20.0mX 3m 1 13 Auto Invoice Room 4 m X 4 m 2 14 Oil Water Separator 2.2mX9m 1 15 TLF P/H Manifold 67 m X 25 m 1 16 Pipeline Receipt Area 1 17 MCC Room 8 m X 10 m 1 18 Sample Room /Toilet 10m X 3m 1 19 Exchange Pit 18m X 20 m 2 20 Pipe Bridge 40m X 2.5 m 2 21 TLF -Bays 6.0 m X 10 m Control Building 15mX 17m 1 23 S & D Block 18m X10 m 1 24 TLD Platforms 6.0m X 10m 3 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 61

62 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 25 Ethanol Unloading Shed 6.0m X 10m 1 26 Blue Dye Injection System 2.75m X 4m 1 27 Transmix Tank -500 Kl 10m DIA X 9m HT 1 28 Vapour Recovery System 10m X 8m 1 29 TLF Pump House 67m X 8 m 1 30 Additive Shed 5.36 m X 4.05m 1 31 Foam Shed 17.6m X6.35m 1 32 Oil Water Separator 2.2mX 9.0m 1 Besides above, the following facilities have also been provided for the proposed expansion of oil terminal: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) DG Sets - 3 Nos. (2 x 750 KVA & 1 x 320 KVA). Service & Drinking water system with 4 nos. bore wells. Oil water separator. Boundary walls, approach roads, gates, watch towers, storm water drainage system etc. A plantation strip parallel to boundary of oil terminal, lawns/gardens & other unworked areas will be planted during greenbelt development etc. Details of facilities to be provided for manpower i.e. rest room/toilet provided for TT crews, changing room provided for employees. Table 2.10 Power Requirement Details-Existing and Proposed S.No. Existing Proposed KVA 750 KVA KVA 750 KVA KVA 320 KVA S.No. Table 2.11 Water Requirement Details-Existing & Proposed Existing Particulars Demand Proposed Demand (m 3 /day) (m 3 /day) 1. Drinking & Domestic Use Greenery & Landscape Developed Total ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 62

63 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 2.8 Process Description The proposed additional storages tankages at oil terminal Jasidih comprises receipt, storage and dispatch of petroleum products such as HSD, MS and SKO. Thus, the proposed oil terminal does not involve any chemical or physical processing. Layout plan of the proposed oil terminal has been presented through Fig. 2.9 and the block diagram of sequence of operation has been presented through Fig Product Receipt Petroleum products viz. MS, HSD & SKO will be received through the existing Haldia - Barauni product pipeline to the proposed plant & stored in designated tanks for different petroleum products through 300mm dia pipelines. MS shall be stored in one nos. of tanks; HSD in one nos. of tanks & SKO in 1 nos. of tanks. Different sets of pumps and inlet/outlet pipelines from the storage tanks have been provided for different products. Thus, three dedicated pipelines for the three products MS, HSD & SKO have been provided. Details of pipeline diameter for transportation of petroleum products shall be as under: Product Table 2.12 Details of Pipeline Dia. of Different Sections From Pump Tanks To Exchange Pit house pump house to tanks manifold to manifold TLF TT unloading to PH to UG TK MS SKO SKO-IND HSD Product Storage As mentioned earlier, the proposed additional storages tankages at Oil Terminal will be provided for storage and dispatch of MS, HSD & SKO. Main storage facilities for petroleum products are above ground tanks. Motor Spirit (MS) shall be stored in IFRVT whereas HSD & SKO shall be stored in CRVT tanks. Table 2.13 Existing and Proposed Tankages details A. Existing Tankages TAG. NORMAL TANK SR.NO. SIZE DIA X HT PRODUCT CLASS NO. CAPACITY TYPE 1 T m DIAx 14.5m HT MS 4241 KL IFR A ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 63

64 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 2 T m DIAx 14.5m HT MS 4241 KL IFR A 3 T m DIAx 14m HT MS 2212 KL IFR A 4 T m DIAx 14m HT HSD 5303 KL CR B 5 T m DIAx 14m HT HSD 5303 KL CR B 6 T m DIAx 13m HT HSD 2604 KL CR B 7 T m DIAx 13m HT HSD 2604 KL CR B 8 T m DIAx 15m HT SKO 3006 KL CR B 9 T m DIAx 12m HT SKO 938 KL CR B 10 T m DIAx 12m HT SKO 938 KL CR B 11 T-111 3m DIAx 10.5m LONG ETHANOL 70 KL HOR. A 12 T-112 3m DIAx 10.5m LONG ETHANOL 70 KL HOR. A 18 T-113 3m DIAx 10.5m LONG ETHANOL 70 KL HOR. A 13 T m DIAx9m HT MS 500 KL FR A 14 T m DIAx 6.0 LG HSD 20KL U/G B TOTAL KLS 13 T m DIAx 15m HT WATER 5600 KL CR 14 T m DIAx 15m HT WATER 5600 KL CR SUB TOTAL KL B. Proposed Tankages & 4 bottom loading bays 15 T m DIA x20m HT HSD 9025 KL CR B 16 T m DIA x20m HT MS KL IFRVT A 17 T m DIA x 14m HT SKO 2100 KL CR B SUB TOTAL KL GRAND TOTAL KL The tanks farm area has been provided with dykes of adequate capacity as per OISD norms, to contain any leakage or accidental release due to failure of equipments. An oil water separator has been provided for treatment of oily waste water generated during operation of the Terminal Tank Lorry Filling A space of 100 m x 100 m has been provided for loading of tank Lorries. The petroleum product to be dispatched will be pumped through pipelines provided with flow governor with pre-set facility and flow meter to the loading arm for filling the tank lorries. Sufficient space has been provided for parking of tank Lorries. Separate drainage with Oil interceptors shall be provided to the pumps and loading gantries to contain leakage or release, if any, during pumping/loading operations. An oil water ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 64

65 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand separator has been provided for treatment of oily water generated in the TLF Gantry and the pumping area. There are twelve nos. of TLF bays out of which 8 nos. of bays are in Block-I and remaining 4 nos. of bays are in Block-II (TLF Shed-II). Another 4nos. of bays are proposed in Block-II. Different products have been allocated in different bays. Automated Tank Lorry Filling Gantries are provided for Loading. The details of TLF allocations are as follows: Table 2.14 Details of TLF bays allocation product wise Sl No Bay Product Location 1 1 MS/HSD 2 2 MS/HSD 3 3 MS/HSD 4 4 MS/HSD TLF 5 5 MS/HSD Gantry-I 6 6 MS/HSD 7 7 HSD 8 8 HSD 9 9 HSD/SKO HSD/SKO TLF HSD/SKO Gantry-II SKO/SKO-IND Table 2.15 Details of TLF Bays Allocation Sl. No. Product Bay Allocation 01. MS 1 to HSD 1 to SKO 9 to SKO- IND Ethanol 1 to MS XTRA PREMIUM 1 to HSD XTRA MILE 1 to MS & HSD 13 to 16 (proposed) In addition to TLF bays, there are three numbers of TL decantation bays placed separately. Details of allocation for decantation of petroleum products are given in Table ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 65

66 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 2.16 Allocation of Products for Decantation Bay. No. Product Pipeline dia. Bay Allocation 01. MS 150 Ø HSD 150 Ø SKO 150 Ø SKO-IND 150 Ø Safety and Fire Fighting Safety and fire fighting measures shall be taken in accordance with OISD guidelines. The entire area is covered by network of fire hydrant system. Two nos. of Fire Water Tanks and five nos. of Diesel Driven Pumps have been considered. Table Details of Fire Fighting S.No. Description Capacity 1. Fire Water Storage Tanks 2 x 5600 KL (24m Dia x 15m Height) 2. Fire Water Pumps 5 nos. of 616m 3 /hr capacity each Effluent Treatment & Disposal Sources of effluent generation are limited to spillage and leakage from storage area, pump house and loading gantries. All these areas have been provided with enclosure walls. Periodic washings from these areas will be sent to the oil-water separator, where the oil content will be reduced to below 10ppm. Treated water coming out from oil separator / interceptor will be collected in a sump and used for watering the green belt and afforestation area Vapour Recovery System In order to meet the environmental standards with respect to VOC, a fail-safe, reliable and tested Vapour Recovery System shall be installed in MS loading system to protect the environment. The details of Vapour Recovery System are presented as under: Process Design: Vapour Recovery units would be supplied for Gasoline loading and for this purpose Carbon Vacuum Adsorption process would be used. Vapour from the loading points pass through the vapour header to the recovery unit. The header is protected with detonation proof flame arresters at each end of the line. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 66

67 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand The VRU consists of 2 activated carbon beds, one being connected to the vapour line - "adsorption mode" - while the other undergoes regeneration by means of vacuum. Activated carbon has an extremely high surface area in relation to volume and the hydrocarbons are adsorbed in a very thin layer on the surface of the carbon. The carbon can only adsorb a given amount before it approaches saturation. If this occurs throughout the bed, then the vapours will pass through untreated. Consequently, the carbon must be regenerated in order to restore its capacity, so that it can effectively adsorb hydrocarbons in the following cycle. The regeneration takes place in 2 stages. First the bed is evacuated until the pressure reaches that, at which the hydrocarbon starts desorbing from the carbon. The bulk of the hydrocarbons are removed in this stage. In order to remove the remainder, it is necessary to introduce a small amount of purge air, to complete the regeneration. The vacuum pump is a rotary vane type with air cooling to limit the temperature rise over the pump. The vapour, which is now very rich in hydrocarbons, passes into the absorber column where the bulk of the hydrocarbon is absorbed in a counter flow of gasoline. The small amount of air present, particularly during the purge stage, passes out of the top of the absorber column and results in a small carryover of hydrocarbons, which is returned to the carbon bed, which is in adsorption mode. The unit is provided with an automatic energy saving function: If vapour loading is low or has stopped, all functions are set on standby, once both carbon beds have been thoroughly regenerated. When on standby, the unit is still open for adsorption, but all pumps are stopped. The pumps only operate occasionally for short intervals to keep the carbon beds clean and active. When normal load resumes, the plant will automatically restart, with continuous pump operation. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 67

68 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Control and Operation The electrical control and operation of the VRU consists of four elements. MCC: Motor Control Centre (To be placed in a non-classified switch room) Motor protection, Circuit breakers etc. Control panel (To be placed in a non-classified room) PLC, PROFIBUS etc. I/O Station: Remote Input/ Output Station (Situated on the unit skid) Module for processing analogue/digital signals to the PLC. Contain solenoid valves and other pneumatic connections. PC-screen (To be placed with control panel or separate control room): The PC and monitor is set-up with FIX-software for supervision and operation of the VRU. The unit is controlled by a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) which, via a PROFIBUS communication is linked to the Remote I/O station at the VRU skid. The supervision and operation of the unit takes place via the user interface, which is a PC with its monitor, mouse and keyboard. The process view at the PC screen constantly shows the state of the process with the aid of colours (see example below). Fig. 2.8 A view of Vapour Recovery System The unit is fully automatic and closes itself down in the event of a malfunction. The status of the unit, the location of any problem and the specific alarm can be easily identified on the PC process monitor. A log of all alarms and events is automatically ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 68

69 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand stored in the computer for several months. Also important process parameters such as pressure cycles, temperatures and hydrocarbon & CO levels (optional) are stored. The control system is equipped with modem and is fully prepared for remote diagnostics. Additionally, the VRU can also be operated from the control switches at the front panel of the Remote I/O station. The local choice of commands includes manual/automatic/hold/stop mode and individual operation of all pumps. The local panel also fitted with a number of status lamps is mostly used for troubleshooting and/or maintenance activities. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 69

70 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fig. 2.9 Layout Plan of proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of IOCL at Jasidih, District- Deoghar, Jharkhand ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 70

71 MS HSD SKO EIA/EMP Study for proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of Indian Oil Corporation Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand TANK FARM PUMP HOUSE DECANTATION BAYS ETH MS HSD SKO Ethanol Tanks TO TLF BAY 1-6 HBPL PRODUCT RECEIPT AREA To TLF Bay To TLF Bay 9-12 EXCHANGE PIT Fig Operational Sequences of Oil Terminal of IOCL at Jasidih ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 71

72 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fig A view of layout of pipeline and instrumentation division (P & ID) ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 72

73 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand CHAPTER- 3 DESCRIPTION OF ENVIRONMENT 3.1 Introduction The baseline environmental studies have been conducted to determine the existing status of various environmental attributes viz., climate and atmospheric conditions, air, water, noise, soil, hydro geological, land use pattern, ecological and socio-economical environment, prior to setting up of the proposed expansion of Jasidih Terminal of IOCL. This study would help to undertake corrective mitigation measures for protection of the environment on account of any change deviation of attributes due to activities of the proposed expansion of Jasidih Terminal located at Jasidih, District - Deoghar, Jharkhand. Baseline description, which involves collecting data on the existing status of the environment, helps in identification and assessments of impacts due to proposed additional storages tankages of Oil Terminal in the Notified Industrial Area at Jasidih during various phases of project cycles. The baseline data of environmental includes inventorisation of physical, chemical, biological and socio-economic parameters. The baseline data has been collected for various parameters such as soils, geology, and land use pattern (using satellite imagery), air quality, water quality and socio- economic. The data collection was carried out during the February 2016 to April This section deals with the description of existing environmental setting in the study area. The data has been collected and compiled mainly for: Air environment Land environment Water environment Noise environment Ecological environment Socio- economic environment 3.2 Topography The area has gentle sloping and undulating land with low hillocks and small ranges widely scattered as abrupt formations. The main water body is river Ajay which is an important tributary of Bhagirathi River, part of the Ganga. The river Ajay and its tributaries control the drainage of the area. River Ajay originates from the hills of the Chota Nagpur plateau at an elevation of m amsl. Prominent among the tributaries are the Bhagdura, Partho, Dama, and Jayanti. These apart, there are several seasonal streams and nallas which ultimately join the river Ajay and its tributaries. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 38

74 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand A view of Land Use/ Land Cover of Study Area A view of Study Area - Satellite Imagery ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 39

75 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 3.3 Physiography Jasidih area has predominantly undulating terrain with underground hard rocks. The entire district has topography with high ridges and valleys bounded by mountains and rivers. 3.4 Geology of the Area The proposed project site is mainly covered by Chotanagpur granite gneiss of Archean age with patches of alluvium, sand stone and shale of Gondawana formations. Deoghar district is largely covered by Chotanagpur granites and gneissic complex associated with some metasediments and metabasic rocks. The Gondwanas have been developed in tectonic basin fill deposits and are resting on Archaean basements. The Gondwanas mainly consist of sandstones, shales, coal seams and are exposed in Karon and Madhupur blocks of the district. Alluvium occurring along the river channels and adjoining areas and are mainly composed of fine to coarse sand and clays. Laterites occur in isolated patches. About 70% of the district area is underlain by hard and compact granitic rocks, known as Chota Nagpur granite gneiss. 3.5 Soil The surface lithology has exercised profound impact on the development of soil types. The district is characterized by a wide variety of soils, which can be classified as clayey, loamy, sandy loam and lateritic. Sandy loams to loamy sands are common in uplands whereas loam to sandy loam is common in lowlands. The soils occurring in different landforms have been characterized in three soil orders namely Entisols, Inceptisols and Alfisols were observed in Deoghar district. Alfisols were the dominat soils covering 50.0 percent of TGA followed by Inceptisols (42.0%) and Entisols (6.3%). Most of the soils of Deoghar districts are acidic in reaction. Soils of 38.5 per cent area of the district have ph range between 4.5 and 5.5. Organic carbon content in these soils ranges from 0.1 to 3.23 percent and 47.9 percent soils have high organic carbon content(>0.75 percent). Available nitrogen content in surface soils ranges between 47 to 756 kg ha-1. Soils of 56.1 percent area have medium and soils of 33.9 percent area have low available nitrogen content. Available phosphorous content ranges between 6.0 to kg ha-1. Majority of the soils of the district (85.5 percent of TGA) have medium to high in available phosphorous where as soils of 12.8 percent area are low in available phosphorous (below 10 kg ha-1). Available potassium content ranges between 101 and 1137 kg ha-1. Soils of 87.6 percent area have medium to high available potassium content. The available sulphur content in the soils ranges from 0.54 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 40

76 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand to mg kg-1.soils of 35.3 percent of the area are low (20 mg kg-1 ) in available sulphur content respectively. Soils are analyzed for available (DTPA extractable) micronutrients and seen that all the soils are sufficient in available iron and manganese whereas soils of 6.6 and 7.5 percent area are deficient in available zinc and copper. The available boron content in the soils ranges from 0.03 to 1.94 mg kg-1. Soils of 45.1 percent area of district are deficient (0.50 mg kg-1) in available boron content. Soil type and classification in the study area is given in Table 3.1 and shown in Figure 3.1 Map Unit Table 3.1 Soil Type/ Soil Classification of the Study Area Taxonomy Area % of the ('00ha) TGA Fine, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Haplustalfs, Loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Lithic Ustorthents Loamy-skeletal, mixed hyperthermic Lithic Ustorthents, Fine loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Haplustepts Fine, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Haplustepts Fine, mixed, hyperthermic Rhodustalfs Fine, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Haplustepts, Fine, mixed, hyperthermic Typic paleustalfs Fine-loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Paleustalfs, Fine-Loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Hapustalfs Loamy-skeletal, mixed,typic Haplustepts, Lithic, Fine loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Haplustalfs Fine-loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Haplustepts, fine, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Paleustalfs Fine-loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Haplustepts, coarse loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Ustorthents Fine loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Paleustalfs, Fine -loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Rhodustalfs Fine loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Haplustepts, Fine loamy, mixed, hyperthermic Typic Haplustalfs Miscellaneous Total ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 41

77 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Figure 3.1: A view of Soil Map of District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Soil Characteristics in the Study Area In order to evaluate the physico-chemical characteristics of soils, 8 sampling locations were selected to represent various land use conditions in the study area. Out of eight locations, one was selected within project site and seven locations were identified from the villages located around oil terminal site. A map showing soil sampling locations has been presented in Fig. 3.2 and a brief description of the same is presented in Table Table 3.2: Soil Sampling Locations in the Study Area Code S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 Location Inside Plant Ratanpur village Kharhara village Manikpur village Kobidih village Rohini village Janakpur village Banoga village Latitude & Longitude 24 o N 86 o E 24 30'51.25"N 86 39'46.14"E 24 32'22.18"N 86 38'31.14"E 24 32'1.23"N 86 37'22.68"E 24 28'36.19"N 86 35'40.46"E 24 28'14.31"N 86 39'0.1"E 24 27'49.06"N 86 39'22.21"E 24 29'21.76"N 86 37'43.22"E Direction w.r.t. Site Distance Site (km) Kms East 2.8 Kms NNE 3.0 Kms NW 2.9 Kms WNW 5.6 Kms SW 7.0 Kms SSE 2.5 Kms SSW ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 42

78 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Rationale behind Sampling The main aim of the soil characterisation is to assess the quality of soil of the area in order to select proper species of plants and trees for green belt and afforestation as an anti pollution measure. Keeping the above objective in view, three sampling locations were selected so as to represent the entire study area Sampling & Analytical Methods The soil samples were collected by ramming a core-cutter into the soil up to a depth of 90 cm. At each location, soil samples were collected from three depths, viz cm, cm, and cm below the surface and mixed together. The mixed samples were analyzed for their physico-chemical characteristics. From each location, samples were collected with a frequency of once in season during the study period. The samples were brought to the laboratory and air dried for a few days. The air-dried samples were then grounded in agate mortar with the help of a wooden hammer and passed through 2-mm (10 mesh) sieve. The coarser materials were rejected and the sieved material was sampled by the standard 'conning and quartering' method and the processed samples were analyzed for the different parameters according to the standard methods and procedures. For analysis of metals, atomic absorption spectroscope was used. The processed samples were analyzed for the following parameters according to the standard methods briefly described below: ph: The ph of the soil suspension (1:2, Soil : Water ratio) was determined with the help of glass calomel electrode ph Meter. Electrical Conductivity: The conductivity of the soil suspension (as above) was determined with the help of a Conductivity Meter and the results expressed in micro Siemens per cm (µs/cm). Available Phosphorous: Following methods were followed for extraction of available Phosphorous in soil, namely (a) Bray & Kurtz s (for acid soils) in which dilute acid fluoride solution was used, and (b) Olsen s (for alkaline soils) in which sodium bicarbonate solution was used. After extraction, the Phosphorous concentration was determined colorimetrically by Chloro-stannous reduced Molybdo-Phosphoric Blue Colour method. Potassium: Potassium as K was extracted by neutral normal ammonium acetate solution and determined by flame photometric method. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 43

79 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Available Nitrogen: Available nitrogen as N was determined following alkaline potassium permanganate distillation method. Organic Matter: Organic matter in soil was determined titrimetrically by the Chromic acid - wet oxidation method of walkley & Black and the results expressed as percent of C in the soil. Bulk Density: 100 mm diameter undisturbed soil samples had been collected during boring operation in 45 mm long specially designed tube sampler attached with a cutting shoe at its lower end with desired ratio. After sampling, the ends of samples had been trimmed off. From the above obtained undisturbed samples, the volume and the weight is found out. The ratio between the weight and volume gives bulk density. The results of characterization have been presented in Tables 3.3. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 44

80 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 3.3: Soil Characteristics of the Study Area S.No. Parameters Unit S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 Physical Parameters 1 Texture Classification -- Silty Silty Silty Silty Silty Silty Silty Silty Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay Clay 2 Sand % Silt % Clay % Infiltration rate cm/hr Electrical Conductivity µmho/cm Bulk Density, g/cm Chemical Parameters 8 ph Available Nitrogen, kg/ha Available Phosphorous, kg/ha Available Potassium, kg/ha Exchangeable Calcium as Ca mg/kg Exchangeable Magnesium as Mg mg/kg Exchangeable Sodium as Na mg/kg Available Sulphur mg/kg Available Chloride mg/kg Organic Matter % Micronutrients 18 Available Zinc mg/kg Available Copper mg/kg Available Boron mg/kg S1 Inside Plant, S2- Ratanpur village, S3 Kharhara village, S4 Manikpur village, S5 Kobidih village, S6- Rohini village, S7- Janakpur village, S8- Banoga village Date of Sampling: 20March 2016 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 45

81 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Figure 3.2: Soil Sampling Locations 3.6 Water Environment The main components of the water environment consist of surface water (Lotic & Lentic), ground water and rain water. Ground water quality monitoring within the study area has been conducted for assessing the water environment and to evaluate the impact due to the project activities. Physico-chemical characterisation of water is essential in preparation of Environmental Impact Assessment & Environmental Management Plan and to identify critical issues with a view to suggest appropriate mitigation measures and to safeguard the ecosystem. The study aims: To assess water quality with reference to standards; To evaluate the present status of water on agricultural productivity, habitat conditions, creational resources and aesthetics in the vicinity; To predict the impact on water quality due to project related activities by assessing the receptive and assimilative power of the local water bodies; To identify the status and potentiality of environmental stressors. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 46

82 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Methodology Reconnaissance survey was undertaken and monitoring locations were finalized based on: Drainage Pattern; Location of residential areas representing different activities/likely impact areas; and Likely areas, which can represent baseline conditions. Water sources in the study area were characterised with respect to various physicochemical, parameters heavy metals and bacteriological contaminants. All the parameters are analyzed according to standard methods. The samples were collected and analyzed as per the procedures specified in Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water published by American Public Health Association (APHA). Samples for characterisation were collected in polyethylene bottles. Samples collected for metal content were acidified with 1 ml. HNO 3. Samples for bacteriological analysis were collected in sterilized glass bottles. Selected physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters have been analyzed for projecting the existing water quality status in the study area. Parameters like temperature, Dissolved Oxygen, ph and many others were analyzed at the time of sample collection as per standard practices Water Sampling Locations To evaluate the quality of fresh water system, eight numbers of sampling locations were selected from representative areas. One nos. of Surface water samples and seven numbers of ground water samples were collected from representative locations and were analyzed for different parameters. The analytical results of the water samples are presented in Table & 3.7. The details of ground and surface water sampling locations are given in Table 3.4 are shown in Figure 3.3. S. No. Location Code Table Location of Sampling Stations Location Name 1 SW 1 pahad) Filter Dam (Nandan 2 GW 1 Hand Pump - Kerankathi Village Latitude & Longitude 24 30'10.34" N 86 40'26.16"E 24 32'59.05" N 86 37'0.08"E Direction w.r.t. Site Distance Site (km) SE 3.95 NW 4.9 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 47

83 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 3 GW 2 4 GW 3 5 GW 4 6 GW 5 7 GW 6 8 GW 7 Hand Pump - Hirna Village Hand Pump - Rohini Village near Kutaniya Nadi Hand Pump - Pathardih Village Hand Pump - Jasidih Town Hand Pump - Jetutanr Village Hand Pump - Ratanpur Village 24 29'24.06" N 86 40'28.68"E 24 27'33.95" N 86 38'16.32"E 24 26'37.56" N 86 39'14.53"E 24 30'46.37" N 86 38'49.59"E 24 32'35.34" N 86 35'49.26"E 24 30'50.58" N 86 39'53.65"E SE 5.5 SE 3.60 SSE 8.7 East 4.0 NW 5.4 East 2.9 Figure 3.3: Ground & Surface Water Sampling Locations ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 48

84 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Drinking Water Standard The collected water samples were analyzed for physical and chemical parameters as parameters described in IS:10500, Table 3.5 gives desirable and permissible limits prescribed for potable water in IS: 10500: Table 3.5: Indian Standard Specification for Drinking Water Permissible S.No. Characteristic Requirement (Acceptable Limit) Limit in the Absence of Alternate Source I Organoleptic and Physical Parameters Protocol 1 Colour, Hazen units, Max 5 15 IS 3025 (Part 4) 2 Odour Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (Part 5a) 3 phvalue No IS 3025 (Part 11) relaxation 4 Taste Agreeable Agreeable IS 3025 (Part 7&8) 5 Turbidity, NTU, Max 1 5 IS 3025 (Part 10) 6 Total dissolved solids, mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 16) II General Parameters Concerning Substances Undesirable in Excessive Amounts i) Aluminum (as Al), mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 55) ii) Ammonia (as total No ammonia-n), mg/l, 0.5 relaxation Max IS 3025 (Part 34) iii) Anionic detergents (as MBAS) mg/l, Max IS iv) Barium (as Ba), mg/l, Max 0.7 No relaxation IS v) Boron (as B), mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 57) vi) Calcium (as Ca), mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 40) vii) Chloramines (as Cl2), mg/l, 4.0 No IS 3025 (Part 26) Max relaxation viii) Chloride (as Cl), mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 32) ix) Copper (as Cu), mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 42) x) Fluoride (as F) mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 60) xi) Free residual chlorine, mg/l, IS 3025 (Part 26) Min xii) Iron (as Fe), mg/l, Max 0.3 No relaxation IS 3025 (Part 53) xiii) Magnesium (as Mg), mg/l, IS 3025 (Part 46) xiv) Max Manganese (as Mn), mg/l, Max xv) Mineral oil, mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 59) No relaxation IS 3025 (Part 39) ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 49

85 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand xvi) Nitrate (as NO3), mg/l, No 45 Max relaxation IS 3025 (Part 34) xvii) Phenolic compounds (as C6H5OH), mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 43) xviii) Selenium (as Se), mg/l, 0.01 No Max relaxation IS 3025 (Part 56) xix) Silver (as Ag), mg/l, Max 0.1 No relaxation IS xx) Sulphate (as SO4) mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 24) xxi) Sulphide (as H2S), mg/l, No 0.05 Max relaxation IS 3025 (Part 29) xxii) Total alkalinity as Calcium, mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 23) xxiii) Total hardness (as CaCO3), mg/l, Max IS 3025 (Part 21) xxiv) Zinc (as Zn), mg/l, Max 5 15 IS 3025 (Part 49) III i) ii) Parameters Concerning Toxic Substances Cadmium (as Cd), mg/l, Max Cyanide (as CN), mg/l, Max 0.05 iii) Lead (as Pb), mg/l, Max 0.01 iv) v) Mercury (as Hg), mg/l, Max Molybdenum (as Mo), mg/l, Max vi) Nickel (as Ni), mg/l, Max 0.02 vii) viii) ix) x) xi) Polychlorinated biphenyls, mg/l, Max Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (as PAH), mg/l, Max Total Arsenic (as As), mg/l, Max Total chromium (as Cr), mg/l, Max Trihalomethanes No relaxation No relaxation No relaxation No relaxation No relaxation No relaxation No relaxation No relaxation IS 3025 (Part 41) IS 3025 (Part 27) IS 3025 (Part 47) IS 3025 (Part 48) IS 3025 (Part 2) IS 3025 (Part 54) APHA 6630 APHA IS 3025 (Part 37) 0.05 a) Bromoform, mg/l, Max 0.1 b) c) Dibromochloromethane, mg/l, Max Bromodichloromethane, mg/l, Max d) Chloroform, mg/l, Max 0.2 IV Bacteriological Quality of Drinking Water i All water intended Shall not be No relaxation No relaxation No relaxation No relaxation No relaxation IS 3025 (Part 52 ASTM D or APHA 6232 ASTM D or APHA 6232 ASTM D or APHA 6232 ASTM D or APHA 6232 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 50

86 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand for drinking, a) E. coli or thermotolerant coliform bacteria (TCB) detectable in any 100 ml sample Source: Bureau of Indian Standard Code IS:10500: Ground Water Analysis The results of ground water analysis are given in Table 3.6 Colour: The colour of ground water samples was found <10 hazen unit and meets the acceptable limit of 5 hazen unit for drinking water standard. Odour: The odour of ground water samples was found agreeable and meets the acceptable limit for drinking water standard. ph: The ph value of ground water samples was found in the range 7.40 to 7.81 and meets the drinking water acceptable limit of 6.5 to 8.5. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): TDS of ground water samples were found in the range 372 to 426 mg/l and meets the drinking water acceptable limit of 500 mg/l. Total Hardness: Total hardness values ground water samples were found in the range 170 to 210 mg/l and meets the drinking water acceptable limit of 200 mg/l. Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity values ground water samples were found in the range 160 to 182 mg/l and meets the drinking water acceptable limit of 200 mg/l. Iron: The iron content in ground water samples was found in the range 0.45 to 0.70 mg/l and found within the acceptable limit of 0.3 mg/l for drinking water. Chloride: Chloride content of ground water samples was found the range 40.8 to 62.5 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 250 mg/l. Calcium: Calcium content in ground water samples was found in the range 38.8 to 50.1 mg/l and found within the acceptable limit of 75 mg/l. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 51

87 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Magnesium: Magnesium content in ground water samples was found in the range 19.8 to 26.5 mg/l and found within the acceptable limit of 30 mg/l for drinking water. Sulphate: Sulphate content in ground water samples was found in the range 35.6 to 42.5 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 200 mg/l for drinking water. Nitrate: Nitrate content in ground water samples was found in the range 13 to 19 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 45 mg/l for drinking water. Fluoride: Fluoride content of ground water samples was found in the range 0.70 to 1.3 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 1 mg/l for drinking water. Zinc: Zinc content of water sample was found in the range 0.23 to 0.37 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 5 mg/l for drinking water. Conclusions: The results of analysis ground water samples were compared to Indian Standard Specification of drinking water IS: 10500:2012 and found fit for drinking purpose. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 52

88 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 3.6: Ground Water Quality in the Study Area S. No. Parameters Unit GW1 GW2 GW3 GW4 GW5 GW6 GW7 1 Colour Hazen <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 <10 2 Odour - Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable Agreeable 3 ph at 25 C Electrical Conductivity, μmhos /cm Turbidity NTU <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 6 Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Suspended solids - <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 8 Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l Alkalinity mg/l Chloride as Cl mg/l Sulphate as SO 4 mg/l Fluoride as F mg/l Nitrate as NO 3 mg/l Residual free chlorine mg/l Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil Nil 15 COD mg/l BOD mg/l Dissolve Oxygen mg/l Calcium as Ca mg/l Magnesium as Mg mg/l Manganese as Mn mg/l <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 <0.05 < Iron as Fe mg/l Copper as Cu mg/l BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 23 Zinc as Zn mg/l Lead as Pb mg/l BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 53

89 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 25 Cadmium as Cd mg/l BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) 26 Total Chromium as Cr mg/l BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) BDL(<0.02) 27 Arsenic as As mg/l BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) BDL(<0.01) 28 Mercury as Hg mg/l BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.001) BDL(<0.02) BDL Below Detectable Limit GW1 Kerankathi Village, GW2- Hirna Village, GW3 Rohini Village, GW4 Pathardih Village, GW5- Jasidih Town, GW6- Jetutanr Village and GW7- Ratanpur Village Date of Sampling: 20 March 2016 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 54

90 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Surface Water Analysis The results of surface water analysis are given in Table 3.7. Colour: The colour of Filter Dam (Nandan pahar) water was found <10 hazen unit and meets the acceptable limit of 5 hazen unit for drinking water standard. Odour: The odour of Filter Dam water sample was found agreeable and meets the acceptable limit for drinking water standard. ph: The ph value of Filter Dam water sample was found 7.86 and meets the drinking water acceptable limit of 6.5 to 8.5. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): TDS of Filter Dam water sample was found 180 mg/l and meets the drinking water acceptable limit of 500 mg/l. Total Hardness: Total hardness value of Filter Dam water sample was found 78 mg/l and meets the drinking water acceptable limit of 200 mg/l. Total Alkalinity: Total alkalinity value of Filter Dam water sample was found 65 mg/l and meets the drinking water acceptable limit of 200 mg/l. Iron: The iron content of Filter Dam water sample was found <0.1 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 0.3 mg/l for drinking water. Chloride: Chloride content of Filter Dam water sample was found 28 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 250 mg/l. Calcium: Calcium content of Filter Dam water sample was found 20 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 75 mg/l. Magnesium: Magnesium content of Filter Dam water sample was found 8.0 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 30 mg/l for drinking water. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 55

91 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Sulphate: Sulphate content of Filter Dam water sample was found 20mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 200 mg/l for drinking water. Nitrate: Nitrate content of Filter Dam water sample was found 7.0 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 45 mg/l for drinking water. Fluoride: Fluoride content of Filter Dam water sample was found <0.4 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 1 mg/l for drinking water. Zinc: Zinc content of Filter Dam water sample was found <0.1 mg/l and meets the acceptable limit of 5 mg/l for drinking water. Total Suspended Solids (TSS): Total suspended solids content of Filter Dam water sample was found 14 mg/l. Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD): Biological Oxygen Demand content of Filter Dam water sample was found 3.4 mg/l. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD): Chemical Oxygen Demand content of Filter Dam water sample was found 6.5 mg/l. Total E.Coli Count: Total E.Coli Count of Filter Dam water sample was found 1015 MPN/100 ml. Table 3.7: Surface Water Quality of Filter Dam (Nandan pahar) S. No. Parameters Unit Filter Dam (Nandan pahad) 1. Colour Hazen <10 2. Odour - Agreeable 3. ph at 25 C Electrical Conductivity, μmhos/cm Turbidity NTU Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Suspended solids Total Hardness as CaCO3 mg/l Alkalinity mg/l 65 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 56

92 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 10. Chloride as Cl mg/l Sulphate as SO 4 mg/l Fluoride as F mg/l < Nitrate as NO 3 mg/l Residual free chlorine mg/l Nil 15. COD mg/l BOD mg/l Dissolve Oxygen mg/l Calcium as Ca mg/l Magnesium as Mg mg/l Managense as Mn mg/l Iron as Fe mg/l < Copper as Cu mg/l BDL(<0.01) 23. Zinc as Zn mg/l < Lead as Pb mg/l BDL(<0.01) 25. Cadmium as Cd mg/l BDL(<0.001) 26. Total Chromium as Cr mg/l BDL(<0.02) 27. Arsenic as As mg/l BDL(<0.01) 28. Mercury as Hg mg/l BDL(<0.001) 29. Total E.Coli Count MPN/100ml Climatology and Meteorology Introduction The meteorological parameters play a vital role in transport and diffusion of pollutants in the atmosphere. The collection and analysis of meteorological data, therefore, is an essential component of environmental impact assessment studies. The long term and short term impact assessment could be made through utilization and interpretation of meteorological data collected over long and short periods, respectively Climatology Climatological (long-term) data is obtained from the closest Indian Meteorology Department (IMD) station or from any other nearby station, which has been collecting meteorological data for more than ten years. Climatological data for nearby IMD station was obtained and the same is discussed in following subsections. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 57

93 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Climatological Data Seasons Four seasons have been identified namely summer, monsoon, post-monsoon and winter. The climate of Jasidih and its surrounding areas is tropical with hot summer and cool winter. The winter months are cool and comparatively dry with cold nights and heavy mists. The winter season is usually the healthiest period of the year. Spring season starts from February and lasts up to end of March. During this season, brief showers of rain are common along with storms and hailstorms, capable of causing damage to the standing crops and human properties. This is followed by summer up to the month of May. The summer season is followed by monsoon, which starts from June and continues up to October. The precipitation and humidity is highest during this period. The hottest months are April to June. December & January are the coldest months of the year. Generally, the project area experiences the following four seasons in a year: Summer : March to Mid June Monsoon : Mid June to September Post Monsoon : October to November Winter : December to February The meteorological and climatological data collected from Jamui IMD Station has been considered for the study Temperature Climatological Normal Data on monthly mean values of daily maximum and minimum temperatures, highest and lowest values in the different months. The winter season starts towards the latter half of November. January is the coldest month, with the mean daily maximum temperature at C and the mean daily minimum at C. Mean lowest temperature during January is reported as C. The temperature begins to rise rapidly from the middle of March whereas April and May are the hottest months of the year. In May and June, daily maximum temperatures may sometimes go upto C. With the arrival of monsoon in the area in the middle of June, day temperature drops appreciably while night temperature remains comparatively high. Amongst the extremes of temperatures recorded during , the highest value is reported as C in May & June and the lowest as C in January. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 58

94 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Rainfall & Humidity The normal annual rainfall in the area is around 1174 mm. The atmosphere of the area remains humid even during the non-monsoon months and relative humidity also remains comparatively high during these months. About 85% of the rainfall is recorded from June to October Wind Flow Pattern Easterly wind prevails form April to September. For rest period of the year i.e from October to January, the prevailing winds are North-west to West and in February and March the pattern shows diurnal variation with predominant North-west winds. The wind rose diagram for the study period has been presented in Figure 3.4 to Figure 3.7 & Graphical representation of wind frequency distribution is shown in Figure 3.8 to Figure ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 59

95 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Figure Map Showing Wind Rose Diagram for the Month of February 2016 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 60

96 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Figure Map Showing Wind Rose Diagram for the Month of March 2016 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 61

97 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Figure Map Showing Wind Rose Diagram for the Month of April 2016 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 62

98 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Figure Map Showing Wind Rose Diagram from February 2016 to April 2016 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 63

99 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Figure 3.8: Frequency Distribution for the Month of February 2016 Figure 3.9: Frequency Distribution for the Month of March 2016 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 64

100 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Figure 3.10: Frequency Distribution for the Month of April Micrometeorology Micrometeorology data changes after a few kilometers due to changes in local topography. Furthermore, IMD data recorded only at 8:30 a.m. and 17:30 p.m. for only eight wind directions with wind speeds over widely spaced ranges is not of much use in dispersion modelling. Because of these limitations, micrometeorological data was collected near site round the clock. The meteorological data, such as, wind speed and direction, ambient temperature, and relative humidity was collected near the IOCL oil terminal at Jasidih Plant and is presented in Table 3.8. Table 3.8: Summary of Micrometeorological Conditions at the site S.No. Parameter Unit 1 Temperature Min ( o C) 14 Max ( o C) 45 2 Humidity Min ( o C) 28 Max. ( o C) 41 3 Wind Speed Min. (m/sec.) 1.0 Max. (m/sec.) Predominant Wind From NW Direction ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 65

101 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand A. Temperature The maximum ambient temperature recorded near IOCL oil terminal at Jasidih during the study period was observed that the minimum and maximum temperature ranges between 14 0 C to 45 0 C. B. Relative Humidity During the study period, maximum relative humidity recorded near IOCL oil terminal at Jasidih was 28 % while minimum humidity was recorded as 41 %. C. Wind Speed During the study period, maximum wind speed recorded was 12.0 m/sec while minimum wind speed was recorded as 1.0 m/sec. D. Wind Pattern Wind speed and direction at the project site was monitored with a mechanical wind monitor. Monitoring was carried out for the period from middle of February 2016 to April The dominant wind direction during the study period was from North-West to South-East direction. 3.8 Scope of Baseline Environment An area, covering a 10 km radius distance from the project site is considered as the study area for the purpose of the baseline studies. Primary data on water, air, land, flora, fauna & socio- economic data were collected by a team of functional area experts. Secondary data was collected from various departments of state/central government organizations, semi-government. Table 3.9 gives various environmental attributes considered for formulating environmental baseline and Table 3.10 gives the frequency and monitoring methodology for various environmental attributes. Table 3.9 Environmental Attributes S.No. Attribute Parameter Source of Data 1 Climatology & Meteorology Wind speed, wind direction, Indian Meteorological relative humidity, rainfall and Department and Site specific temperature information 2 Water Quality Physical and chemical Monitored Data (Surface water parameters 1 locations and ground water- 7 locations) 3 Ambient Air Quality PM 10, PM 2.5, SO 2, NO 2, Hydrocarbon (Methane & Non Methane), VOC & CO etc. Monitored Data (8 locations) 4 Noise levels Noise levels in db (A) Monitored Data (8 locations) 5 Ecology Existing terrestrial flora and fauna within the study area Field survey and Secondary sources 6 Geology Geological history Secondary sources ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 66

102 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 7 Soil 8 Socioeconomic Status 9 Land Use Soil types and samples analyzed for physical and chemical parameters Socio-economic characteristics of the study area Trend of land use change for different categories Analysis of soil samples at six locations Based on filed survey and data collected from secondary sources Secondary data Table 3.10 Frequency and Monitoring Methodology Sampling Attributes Measurement Network Frequency Method A. Meteorology Wind Speed, Wind direction, Relative humidity, Rainfall and Temperature B. Air Environment Particulate Matter (PM10) Particulate Matter (PM2.5) Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Hydrocarbon (Methane & Non Methane) Carbon Monoxide C. Noise Hourly Equivalent Noise Levels D. Water Parameters for water quality: ph, temperature, turbidity, total Hardness, total alkalinity, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, fluoride, sodium, potassium, electrical conductivity, ammonical nitrogen, nitrate-nitroge Total phosphorus, BOD, COD, calcium, magnesium, total dissolved solids, total suspended solids E. Land Environment Parameter for soil quality: ph, texture, Project site Requisite locations in the project influence area Requisite locations in the project influence area Set of samples at requisite locations for ground and surface water Requisite soil samples be Continuous for 3months 24 hourlytwice a week for 3 months in non-monsoon season Once Once Once season in Weather monitor with data base Gravimetric (High- Volume with Cyclone) Gravimetric (High- Volume with Cyclone) EPA Modified West & Gaeke method Arsenite Modified Jacob & Hochheiser EPA Method TO - 17 IS 5182: Part 12: 1991 Gas Analyser (NDIR) Instrument: Noise level meter Samples for water quality collected and analyzed as per IS : 2488 (Part 1-5) methods for sampling and testing of Industrial Effluents and Standard Methods for examination of water and wastewater analysis published by American Public Health Association (APHA). Collected and analyzed as per soil analysis Remarks As per CPCB standards under 18th November 2009 notification for National Ambient A IS 4954 : 1968 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 67

103 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand electrical conductivity, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphate, sodium, calcium, potassium collected as per BIS specification within project influence area F. Biological Environment Terrestrial & Aquatic Requisite Flora and Fauna locations in the project influence area Once season in Collected and analyzed as per standard protocol 3.9 Air Environment The site of proposed additional storages tankages of IOCL is located in Jasidih Industrial Area near Jasidih town of Deoghar district. At present only two industrial units are in operating condition while the other industrial units have become economically sick. The proposed additional storages tankages at Jasidih terminal is located at a distance of about 1.2km from Jasidih Railway Station. The State Highway SH-18 which links Chakai to Deoghar is located merely at a distance of 1.0km in western direction of project site. Digharia Pahar is located at a distance of about 2kms on western side of the proposed project Methodology adopted for the Study The baseline status with respect to ambient air quality has been established through a scientifically designed ambient air quality monitoring network based on the following considerations: Meteorological conditions on synoptic scale; Topography of the study area; Representatives of background air quality; and Representatives of likely impact areas. Baseline data on air quality was generated at 8 sampling locations during the study period from February 2016 to April Sampling Period & Parameters The following air pollution parameters were monitored on 24-hourly basis for consecutive two days in a week for a period of four weeks only. Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ) Particulate Matter (PM 10 ) Sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) Oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 68

104 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Carbon Monoxide (CO) Hydrocarbons (HC) Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) Sampling & Analytical Procedure A brief description of the sampling and analytical procedures followed during the ambient air quality monitoring is as follows: PM 2.5 & PM 10 : PM 2.5 and PM 10 have been estimated by gravimetric method. SO 2 : The sampling of ambient air for evaluating the gaseous pollutants was performed with a Multigas Sampler, using the vacuum created by the HVS for drawing the air samples through the impingers. For SO 2, air was drawn at a measured and controlled rate of 400 to 500 ml/min through an absorbing solution of potassium tetrachloromercurate. After completion of the sampling, the used absorbing reagent was treated with dilute solutions of sulfamic acid, formaldehyde and para rosaniline hydrochloride. The absorbance of the intensely coloured para rosaniline methyl sulphonic acid was measured and the amount of SO 2 in the sample was computed. The ambient SO 2 concentrations were computed from the amount of SO 2 collected and the volume of air sampled. NO x : Air was drawn at a measured and controlled rate of about 200 ml/minute through an orifice-tipped impinger containing absorbing solutions of sodium hydroxide and sodium arsenite. After completion of the sampling, an aliquot of the used absorbing solution was treated with solutions of H 2 O 2, sulphanilamide and NEDA. The nitrite ion present in the impinger was calculated from the absorbance of the resulting solution. The ambient NOx concentrations were computed from the total nitrite ion present in the impingers and the volume of air sampled. CO : Mylar bags and pulse pumps have been used to collect the three 8 hourly samples for carbon monoxide. The CO levels were analyzed through Gas Chromatography. HC : Hydrocarbon concentration was measured by Gas Chromatograph fitted with a FID detector after grab sampling. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 69

105 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand VOC : VOC concentration was measured by Gas Chromatography technique Techniques for Measurement The techniques used for measurement of pollutants may be summarized as under: Table 3.11 : Measurement Techniques S. No. Parameter Technique Detectable Limit (µg / m 3 ) 1 Particulate Matter(PM 10 ) Gravimetric [EPA -40 (CFR Part 50)] Particulate Matter(PM 2.5 ) Gravimetric [EPA -40 (CFR Part 50)] Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2 ) Improved West and Gaeke Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2 ) Modified Jacob & Hochheiser Carbon Monoxide(CO) NDIR [IS : 1992] Hydrocarbon Concentration Gas Chromatograph - 7 VOC Gas Chromatograph Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations For baseline ambient air quality data collection, Project Site, Jasidih Town, Chitolorhiya Village, Sinhgua Village, Kobidih Village, Gopalpur Village, Jetutanr Village and Bhogtidih Village were selected for ambient air quality monitoring based as per CPCB guidelines. The details ambient quality monitoring locations are given in Table 3.12 and shown in Figure Table 3.12: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Stations in the Study Area Location Latitude & Direction Distance Location Name code Longitue w.r.t. Site (Km) AAQ 1 Project Site 24 o N 86 o E - - AAQ 2 Jasidih Town 24 30'45.95"N 86 38'51.72"E SE 4.0 AAQ 3 Chitolorhiya 24 27'49.57"N Village 86 40'57.31"E SE 6.9 AAQ - 4 Sinhgua Village 24 30'33.73"N 86 40'20.07"E SE 4.5 AAQ 5 Kobidih Village 24 28'39.57"N 86 35'41.82"E West 3.0 AAQ 6 Gopalpur 24 31'23.06"N Village 86 40'11.32"E East 5.0 AAQ - 7 Jetutanr Village 24 32'35.32"N 86 35'46.42"E NW 5.0 AAQ - 8 Bhogtidih 24 29'34.12"N Village 86 37'25.61"E SW 2.0 ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 70

106 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Figure 3.11: Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Locations Air Quality Standards The national ambient air quality standards are given in Table Monitored values for study have been compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 71

107 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand S.No Pollutant Table 3.13: National Ambient Air Quality Standards 1 Sulphur dioxide (SO 2)( µg/m 3 ) Time Weighted Average Concentration in Ambient Air Industrial Ecologically Residential, Sensitive Area Rural & (Notified by Other Areas Central Government) Annual Average* Hours** Annual Average* Hours** Annual Average* Hours** Nitrogen Dioxide (NO 2) (µg /m 3 ) Particulate Matter (Size Less Than 10 µm) or PM 10 (µg/m 3 ) Particulate Matter (Size Less Annual Average* Than 2.5 µm) or PM Hours** Hours* Ozone O 3 (µg/m 3 ) 1 Hours** Lead (Pb) (µg/m 3 Annual Average* ) 24 Hours** Carbon monoxide (CO) Annual Average* (mg/m 3 ) 24 Hours** Ammonia (NH 3) (µg/m 3 Annual Average* ) 24 Hours** Benzene (C 6H 6) (µg/m 3 ) Annual* Benzo (a) Pyrane (BaP) particulate phase only (ng/m 3 ) Annual* Arsenic (As) (ng/m 3 ) Annual* Nickel (Ni) (ng/m 3 ) Annual* Note: * Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform interval. ** 24 hourly /8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However 2% of the time, it may exceed but not on two consecutive days Results of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring The observations made during the survey has been presented through Table 3.14 to 3.22 wherein minimum and maximum values, 24 hourly averages and 98th percentile values of PM 2.5, PM 10, SO 2, NO x, CO and Hydrocarbon concentration have been computed. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 72

108 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fine Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 ) The 24-hourly PM 2.5 concentrations all AAQM locations vary in the range of 28.4 to 40.1 µg/m 3. The maximum PM 2.5 concentration was found 40.1µg/m 3 while minimum PM 2.5 concentration was 28.4 µg/m 3. Particulate Matter (PM 10 ) The 24-hourly PM 10 concentrations at all AAQM locations during the monitoring period vary in the range of 51.2 µg/m 3 to 68.6 µg/m3. The maximum PM 10 concentration was found 68.6 µg/m 3 while minimum PM 10 concentration was 51.2 µg/m 3. Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2 ) The 24-hourly SO 2 concentrations at all AAQM locations during the monitoring period vary in the range of 5.1 to 11.0 µg/m 3. The maximum SO 2 concentration was found 11.0 µg/m 3 while minimum SO 2 concentration was 5.1 µg/m 3. Nitrogen Oxide (NO 2 ) The 24-hourly NO 2 concentrations at all AAQM locations during the monitoring period vary in the range of 8.1 to 22.0 µg/m 3. The maximum NO 2 concentration was found as 22.0 µg/m 3 and minimum NO 2 concentration was 8.1 µg/m 3. Carbon Monoxide (CO) The 8-hourly CO concentrations at all AAQM locations during the monitoring period vary in the range of 0.04 to 0.06 mg/m 3. The maximum CO concentration was found as 0.04 mg/m 3 and minimum CO concentration was 0.06 mg/m 3. Hydrocarbons (HC) The concentrations of Hydrocarbon at all the eight sampling locations during the monitoring period were observed below 0.01 ppm. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) The concentrations of VOCs at all the eight sampling locations during the monitoring period were not traceable. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 73

109 S.No EIA/EMP Study for proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of Indian Oil Corporation Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Date PM 10 (µg/m 3 ) Table 3.14: Ambient Air Quality at Project Site (AAQ1) PM 2.5 (µg/m 3 ) SO 2 (µg/m 3 ) NO X (µg/m 3 ) CO (mg/m 3 ) Methane (ppm) HC Non- Methane (ppm) VOC (ppm) <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT Min NT NT Max NT NT Average NT NT 98 Percentile NT NT ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 74

110 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 3.15: Ambient Air Quality at Jasidih Town (AAQ2) S.No. Date PM 10 (µg/m 3 ) PM 2.5 (µg/m 3 ) SO 2 (µg/m 3 ) NO X (µg/m 3 ) CO (mg/m 3 ) Methane (ppm) HC Non Methane (ppm) VOC (ppm) <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT < 0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT Min NT NT Max NT NT Average NT NT 98 Percentile NT NT ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 75

111 S.No. EIA/EMP Study for proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of Indian Oil Corporation Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Date Table 3.16: Ambient Air Quality at Chitolorhiya Village (AAQ3) HC PM 10 PM 2.5 SO 2 NO X CO Methane Non- (µg/m 3 ) (µg/m 3 ) (µg/m 3 ) (µg/m 3 ) (mg/m 3 ) (ppm) Methane (ppm) VOC (ppm) <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT < 0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT Min NT NT Max NT NT Average NT NT 98 Percentile NT NT ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 76

112 S.No. EIA/EMP Study for proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of Indian Oil Corporation Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Date Table 3.17: Ambient Air Quality at Sinhgua Village (AAQ4) PM 10 (µg/m 3 ) PM 2.5 (µg/m 3 ) SO 2 (µg/m 3 ) NO X (µg/m 3 ) CO (mg/m 3 ) Methane (ppm) HC Non- Methane (ppm) VOC (ppm) <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT Min NT NT Max NT NT Average NT NT 98 Percentile NT NT ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 77

113 S.No. EIA/EMP Study for proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of Indian Oil Corporation Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Date Table 3.18: Ambient Air Quality at Kobidih Village (AAQ5) PM 10 (µg/m 3 ) PM 2.5 (µg/m 3 ) SO 2 (µg/m 3 ) NO X (µg/m 3 ) CO (mg/m 3 ) Methane (ppm) HC Non- Methane (ppm) VOC (ppm) <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT < 0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT Min NT NT Max NT NT Average NT NT 98 Percentile NT NT ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 78

114 S.No. EIA/EMP Study for proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of Indian Oil Corporation Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Date Table 3.19: Ambient Air Quality at Gopalpur Village (AAQ6) PM 10 (µg/m 3 ) PM 2.5 (µg/m 3 ) SO 2 (µg/m 3 ) NO X (µg/m 3 ) CO (mg/m 3 ) Methane (ppm) HC Non- Methane (ppm) VOC (ppm) <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT Min NT NT Max NT NT Average NT NT 98 Percentile NT NT ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 79

115 S.No. EIA/EMP Study for proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of Indian Oil Corporation Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Date Table 3.20: Ambient Air Quality at Jetutanr Village (AAQ7) PM 10 (µg/m 3 ) PM 2.5 (µg/m 3 ) SO 2 (µg/m 3 ) NOX (µg/m 3 ) CO (mg/m 3 ) Methane (ppm) HC Non- Methane (ppm) VOC (ppm) <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT < 0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT Min NT NT Max NT NT Average NT NT 98 Percentile NT NT ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 80

116 S.No. EIA/EMP Study for proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of Indian Oil Corporation Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Date Table 3.21: Ambient Air Quality at Bhogtidih Village (AAQ8) PM 10 (µg/m 3 ) PM 2.5 (µg/m 3 ) SO 2 (µg/m 3 ) NO X (µg/m 3 ) CO (mg/m 3 ) Methane (ppm) HC Non- Methane (ppm) VOC (ppm) <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT < 0.01 NT NT <0.01 NT NT Min NT NT Max NT NT Average NT NT 98 Percentile NT NT ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 81

117 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 3.22 : Summary of Ambient Air Quality of the Study Area S. No. Sampling Locations 1 Project Site Jasidih Town Chitolorhiya Village Sinhgua Village Kobidih Village Gopalpur Village HC PM 10 PM 2.5 SO 2 NO X CO VOC (µg/m 3 ) (µg/m 3 ) (µg/m 3 ) (µg/m 3 ) (mg/m 3 ) Methane Non-Methane (ppm) (ppm) (ppm) Minimum NT NT Maximum NT NT Average NT NT 98 %tile NT NT Minimum NT NT Maximum NT NT Average NT NT 98 %tile NT NT Minimum NT NT Maximum NT NT Average NT NT 98 %tile NT NT Minimum NT NT Maximum NT NT Average NT NT 98 %tile NT NT Minimum NT NT Maximum NT NT Average NT NT 98 %tile NT NT Minimum NT NT Maximum NT NT ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 82

118 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 7 8 Jetutanr Village Bhogtidih Village Average NT NT 98 %tile NT NT Minimum NT NT Maximum NT NT Average NT NT 98 %tile NT NT Minimum NT NT Maximum NT NT Average NT NT 98 %tile NT NT ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 83

119 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 3.10 Ambient Noise Level Introduction Noise can be defined as an unwanted sound. It interferes with speech and hearing and is intense enough to damage hearing or is otherwise annoying. The definition of noise as unwanted sound implies that it has an adverse effect on human beings and their environment. Noise can also disturb wildlife and ecological system Methodology To understand the noise environment in the study area, a noise survey was conducted using Sound Level Meter 2031 manufactured by Cygnet Systems. Noise measurements were carried out at the same location where ambient air quality was monitored. The 24- hourly sound levels were measured at each location once during the study period Equivalent Sound Energy Level or Leq In most of the acoustic environments, the sound pressure level fluctuates with time due to changes in noise generation sources. The fluctuating noise levels are reported as equivalent sound energy level or Leq. It is defined as the steady sound pressure levels which would have given the same total energy as the actual time varying sound pressure level over the given time period. By recorded noise levels, Leq was computed using the following statistical relationship: Leq = L 50 + [(L 10 L 90 ) 2 /60] Where L 90 = the noise levels exceed 90 percent of the time L 50 = the noise levels exceed 50 percent of the time L 10 = the noise levels exceed 10 percent of the time It may be noted here that L 10, L 50 and L 90 values can be considered as peak, average and background sound pressure levels at each of the locations, respectively. Day and night-time Leq have been calculated from hourly Leq values and compared with the stipulated standards as given in Table Note: Table 3.23: Ambient Standards in Respect of Noise Leq. Limits in db(a) Area Code Category of Area Day Time Night Time A Industrial Area B Commercial Area C Residential Area D Silence Zone Day-time is reckoned in between 6:00 a.m and 10:00 p.m. 2. Night time is reckoned is between 10:00 p.m and 6.00 a.m. 3. Silence Zone is defined as areas upto 100 m around such premises as hospitals, ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 84

120 Noise in db EIA/EMP Study for proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of Indian Oil Corporation Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand educational, institutions and Courts. The Silence Zones are to be declared by the competent authority. The details noise levels monitoring location in the study area are given in Table 3.24 and Graphical Presentation Figure 3.12 & location Figure Table 3.24: Noise Levels Monitoring Stations in the Study Area Location Name Latitude & Direction Longitue w.r.t. Site N1 Project Site 24 o N 86 o E - - N2 Jasidih Town 24 30'45.95"N 86 38'51.72"E SE 4.0 N3 Chitolorhiya 24 27'49.57"N Village 86 40'57.31"E SE 6.9 N4 Sinhgua Village 24 30'33.73"N 86 40'20.07"E SE 4.5 N5 Kobidih Village 24 28'39.57"N 86 35'41.82"E West 3.0 N6 Gopalpur 24 31'23.06"N Village 86 40'11.32"E East 5.0 N7 Jetutanr Village 24 32'35.32"N 86 35'46.42"E NW 5.0 N8 Bhogtidih 24 29'34.12"N Village 86 37'25.61"E SW 2.0 Location code Distance (Km) Day Time db (A) Night Time db (A) Study Sites Figure 3.12: Graphical Presentation of Day & Night Time Noise Levels ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 85

121 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Day and Night Time Leq Noise levels Figure 3.13: Noise Level Monitoring Locations Day and night time Leq for ambient noise levels for the study area are given in Table Tabulated results indicate that measured Leq noise levels are most of the time, within the limit stipulated for residential area at all the locations. Locations Table 3.25: Day and Night time Leq in the Study Area Category of Area Day Time db (A) Night Time db (A) Project Site Industrial Area Jasidih Town Commercial Area Chitolorhiya Village Residential Area Sinhgua Village Residential Area Kobidih Village Residential Area Gopalpur Village Residential Area Jetutanr Village Residential Area Bhogtidih Village Residential Area ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 86

122 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Natural Hazards and Disaster Risk According to the India seismic zone the study area lies in seismic zone III (moderate). The seismic zone III is a least active zone. The proposed expansion of oil terminal at Jasidih is also located in seismic zone III. Therefore, area has a low risk of potential damage due to earthquake. No report of significance earth quake shocks in the area is available. Fig 3.14 : Seismic Zoning Map of India ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 87

123 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 3.11 Landuse Pattern Landuse Pattern by Revenue Records The land use pattern indicates the manner in which different parts of land in the study area are being utilized or non-utilized. Unsuitable land use often triggers rapid environmental deterioration and disturbs ecological balance. Major land use classification in area are; (a) Forests land, (b) Culturable land, (c) Culturable waste land and (d) Area not available for cultivation. Culturable land is further classified as: irrigated area and un-irrigated area. Area not available for cultivation includes habituated area, barren land, area under water bodies, sand, etc and area covered by roads and buildings Land Use Pattern of proposed Site The site is proposed for additional storages tankages of MS, HSD, SKO & 4TLF bays at Jasidih Terminal. Since, the site is located in in Jasidih industrial area, there is no change in land use pattern. The existing oil terminal lies in 27acres area. Expansion is proposed within existing oil terminal. No additional land will be required for the proposed expansion Landuse & Land Cover through Satellite Imagery Interpretation The percentage area of different categories of land use/land covers within the 10 km radius study area is as given in Table 3.26 & Figure Table 3.26 Area Statistics of Land Use of Oil Terminal of IOCL at Jasidih S.No. Particulars Area in Acres % 1. Existing Plant Roads/Corridor Plantation Parking for Trucks Office Total ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 88

124 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Figure 3.15 : Landuse and Land Cover for 10 Km Study Area 3.12 Biological Environment Introduction Ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of nature. It has components, which exists in harmony and survives by inter-dependency. Ecosystems have self-sustaining ability and control the number of organisms at any level by cybernetic rules. The effects are that an ecosystem is not imbalanced. The middle of the 18th century saw the birth of industrialization, which increased in 19th century and exploded in 20th century. The resources produced over and sustained for thousands of years were exploited and squandered for the luxuries of so called modern society. An unsustainable exploitation of resources has exploded pollution, so was the inevitable results. Thus, a chain of events of exploitation-consumption-pollution-depletion and further exploitation started responding the imbalance and determination of ecological system Objective of Biological Study The objectives of the study are to: Generate baseline data from field observations; Compare the data so generated with authentic past records to understand changes; Characterize the environmental components like land, air, water, flora and fauna; ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 89

125 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Understand the present biodiversity; Identify susceptible, sensitive and critical areas; Understand impact of industrial activities on the flora and fauna; Prediction of changes as a result of impact in the composition and functioning of components of ecosystem Different Methods Adopted for the Study The study area for the ecological studies covers the area within 10 km radius from the proposed project site. To accomplish above objectives, a general ecological survey covering the study area was carried out. The Survey Includes: Reconnaissance survey for the selection of sampling site: Compilation and interpretation of secondary data; Generation of primary data to understand baseline ecological status, important floristic and faunal elements, sensitive habitats, rare and endangered species; Generation of data from local people about importance and status of plants and animals; and Observation of symptoms and assessment of impacts Vegetation Pattern The forest of the area falls under the category of low grade dry deciduous forest. Normally, the forest shows three layered stratification. The top storey consisted of tall trees, middle storey is of medium sized trees and the lowest composed of small shrubs and herbs. Vegetation is the general effect produced by the growth of some or all of these plants. Special feature of the forest is that deciduous trees of uneven size grow on higher altitude regions. Lower regions have several species interspersed with Bamboo, Climbers, Cane and ever green shrubs. Main trees are Sal, Ber, Gular, Jhingal, Palas, Mahua, Semal, Dhak, Amla, Jamun, etc. The major commercial crops grown here are Paddy, Wheat, and Maize. The major vegetables of village area under study are Potato, Onion, Brinjal, Tomato, Chillies, Cabbage, Cauliflower, etc. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 90

126 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Baseline Status Flora The list of flora identified during the survey period is presented in Table Table 3.27 : Details of Flora in the Study Area S.No. Local Name Botanical Name A. Tree 1 Dhela Alangium nelvifolium 2 Gambar Gmelina aroborea 3 Gular Ficus glomerata 4 Harsingar Vyctanthes arhortristds 5 Harra Terminalia chebula 6 Jamun Syzigium cumini 7 Kachnar Bahunia variegata 8 Kalasiris Albizzia lebbeck 9 Karam Adina cordifolia 10 Kendu Diospyros melanoxylon 11 Mahua Madhuca indica 12 Munj Erianthus munja 13 Neem Azadirachta indica 14 Pakar Ficus infectoria 15 Palash Butea monosperma 16 Pipal Ficus religiosa 17 Rohini Soymida febrifuga 18 Sagwan Tectona grandis 19 Salai Boswellia serrata 20 Semal Salmalia malabarica 21 Munga Moringa oleifera 22 Amaltas Casia fistula 23 Aam Mangifera indica 24 Asan Terminalia tomentosa 25 Babul Acacia arabica 26 Bael Aegle marmelos 27 Bahera Terminalia bellerica 28 Barhar Artocarpus lokoocha 29 Bhelwa Semecarpus anacardium 30 Beri Casseria tomentosa 31 Dhaman Cremin tiliaefolia B. Shrubs & Under Herbs 1 Jhao Tamarix diocea 2 Amarlata Vitis auriculata 3 Baghandi Jatropha curcas 4 Chameli Tenmimum pubescaris 5 Dhauri Holarrhena andidysenterica ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 91

127 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 6 Galphuli Flemingia chappar 7 Icha Voodfordia fruiticosa 8 Jangli Kakruanda Carissa opeca 9 Jirhul Indivofera fulchelia 10 Karjani Abrus precatorius 11 Sinor Vitex negundo C. Climbers 1 Makor Zizyphus oenoplia 2 Mahul Bauchinia vahii 3 Kunkandan Celastrus paniculata 4 Gunja Abrus precatorius D. Bamboos 1 Bans Dendrocalamus strictus, Roxb. E. Grasses 1 Harali Cynodon dactylon 2 Kunda Lachaemum pilosum 3 Kusli Andropogon contortus 4 Marwel Andropogon annunlatus 5 Footy Apluda vaira 6 Shimpi Panicum isachne 7 Chakanta Chrysopogan aciculatus Fauna The list of Fauna identified during the survey period is presented in Table Table 3.28 : Details of Fauna of Study Area S.No. Zoological Name Common Name Schedule A. Mammals 1 Vulpes bengalensis Fox II 2 Herpestes edwardsii Nevla IV 3 Funambulus sp. Squirrel IV 4 Rattus sp. Common Rat V 5 Felis domestica Cat - 6 Canis familaris Dog - 7 Capralogus Sp. Hare IV B.Birds 1 Passer domesticus Common sparrow IV 2 Colomba livia Kabutar IV 3 Psieraculla eupatria Tota IV 4 Strigidae Owl IV 5 Corvus sp. Common Crow V 6 Anatdae species Ducks IV 7 Sturnidae Mynas IV C. Reptiles ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 92

128 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 1 Naja Sp. Cobra II 2 Varanus Sp. Lizard II 3 Bungarus cocruleeus Krait IV Conclusion From the description of the survey as discussed above, it may be concluded that the vegetations grown around the proposed additional storages tankages of oil terminal site contain common forms of woody and herbaceous vegetation. No endangered plant species are recorded within the study area which may be affected from the proposed project. Amongst the fauna species, no migratory bird path or animal corridors are located within the study area. Among the identified birds, local migrants were observed during the study period. As per the observations made during the study, literature survey, personal interviews with local villagers and forest working plan of the district, no endangered species of fauna were found in the study area Socio-Economic Environment Introduction The study of socio-economic environment in the study area is an important part of the EIA study. It indicates various facts related to socio-economic condition of the people residing in the study area. The study comprises demographic structure, population dynamics, infrastructure resources, health status of the community and economic attributes which refer to employment potential, per capita income, agriculture, trade and industrial development. The aesthetic environment refers to the scenic value of the area, tourist attraction, forest and wildlife, historic and cultural monuments available in the study area Methodology Adopted for the Study The Methodology adopted for the study is based on the following Collection of input from the latest Census record. Primary Census Abstract, Series 21 of Census of India 2011, published by Directorate of Census Operations, Jharkhand. Interpretation of available data. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 93

129 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Cultural Profile The proposed additional storages tankages of oil terminal at Jasidih is located in Badladih Village under Deoghar Subdivision of Deoghar district of Jharkhand State. The name Deoghar is famous and comes after the name of God Bhola Nath as per Hindu Mythology. Deoghar is an ancient town famous for its group of 22 temples dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is also called Baidyanath Dham or Baba Dham. It has the ancient temple of Baba Baidyanath (Shiva).This ancient temple was built by Lord Viswakarma. This is the 9th Jyotirling out of 12 in India. There is a Kamna Ling in the temple, on which holy JAL (water) is offered throughout the year especially on every Monday of the week. In Shrawan month, lakhs of devotees come on foot from all over india to offer the holly water of river Ganga (Sultanganj about 100km. far from Baidyanath Dham). According to legend, with the blessings of Brahma, Lanka King Ravana had been allpowerful and was carrying away Shiva from Kailash to install him at Lanka. As Shiva was reluctant to go to Lanka, the water God Varuna confused Ravana with tricks, as a result distracted Ravana broke his vow and brought Shiva down from his shoulder at Deoghar. It is said that the self-born God had stayed back since then. Pilgrims and tourists come from all over India to Deoghar. Health seekers also crowd Deoghar. Brief History In the 8th century A.D., the last Gupta Emperor, Adityasena Gupta ruled this region. The Babadham temple has been famous since then. When Mughals began to rule India, the temple of Babadham was under their tributory rulers. The most important literary source on the history of medieval Babadham is Aine - Akbari. During Akbar's rule, Man Singh was associated with Akbar's court. Man Singh remained attached to the Gidhaur dynasty for a long time and had contacts with a number of rulers of Bihar. Man Singh's brother, Bhan Singh was married to daughter of Puran Mal. Man Singh's interest in Babadham seems to have been determined by his love for this holy shrine because he then got a tank excavated, which is today known as Mansarovar. The Muslim invader Bhaktiyar Khilji made Deoghar his capital in 1201, after the conquest of Bihar. The present district of Deoghar was a part of three kingly estates during English period namely Chandel Raj Pariwar Giddhor, Laxmipur Ghatwal and Rohni Ghatwal. There is an interesting account of the pilgrimage to Baidyanath in the ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 94

130 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Khulasati-t-twarikh written between 1695 and 1699 A.D. In the 18th century, the Maharaja of Gidhaur faced political turmoil. He had to fight against the Nawabs of Birbhum. Under the Muhammadan government, the chief priest appears to have paid a fixed rent to the Nawab of Birbhum, and the administration of the temple seems to have been left entirely in the hands of the priest. For a few years, the Nawab ruled over Babadham. Subsequently, the Maharaja of Gidhaur defeated the Nawab and Babadham was brought back under his rule till the East India Company came in. Famous traveller Megasthneze visited India in 302 B.C. In the court of Chandragupta of Patliputra (Patna) has described regarding this area in his works. Hiun Siang, a famous chinese traveller who visited in the court of Harsa 645 A.D., also has described the rocky area of Rajmahal and human culture adjacent to the area of Deoghar. Archeological sources According to archeological history in the time of regional area, lords of Rampal third "son of Vigrahpal" of Pal dynasty, constructed parts of the temple. According to archeological survey, Bengal circle for , in later Gupta period Aditya Sen Gupta had errected many temples by several inscription (SILALEKH) in which Deoghar and Sahkund have been described. According to one prominent historian, Dr. Radha Krishna Choudhary, great Buddhistacharya of Vikramsila Acharya, Abnoy Shankar Gupta had resided at Deoghar. In Bateshwar lekh (written material) near ancient Vikramsila University (Bhagalpur district) says about Baidyanath Tirthkshetra (Pilgrim spot). During this period, in the vicinity of Baidyanath temple the dominance of Budhists was prevalent. During fabulous regime of Pal dynasty, enriched history of Deoghar was described in Bihar District Gazetteer 1938 Edition Demographics Details of the Settlements in the Study Area The 10 km study area comprises Deoghar District administrative area. Demographic details including data on settlements with number of households, population as well as literacy in the settlements located in 10 km radius of Proposed expansion of oil terminal of IOCL at Jasidih has been obtained from census records and presented in Table From the tabulated data following observations can be made: A. House Holds In the settlements located in the study area, there are total 6409 nos. households as per census records ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 95

131 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand B. Population As per census records, the population of settlements in the study area is The male population constituted nearly 52.49% persons while the female population is 47.50% of the total population. C. Schedule Caste In the study area, scheduled castes population of 20.73%, 10.68% amongst males and 10.04% amongst females. D. Schedule Tribe In the study area, scheduled tribes population is 7.33%, 3.72% amongst males and 3.61% amongst females of the total population of the area. E. Literacy Literate population in the villages in the study area as per the census records. In the study area, 53.94% is literate, 34.40% amongst males and 19.53% amongst females. Employment Pattern The employment pattern in the area is an indicator of number of persons employed in various sectors. It also indicates the various categories of employment flourishing in the area. The employment pattern in the settlements located in 10km radius of IOCL oil terminal is given in Table In the study area, total main workers account for 25.49% (19.82% males and 5.67% females) whereas non-workers account for 72.79% (31.24% males and 41.55% females). Marginal workers are 21.82% (15.57% males and 9.36% females). Out of total main workers in the district, Cultivators workers at 29.40% followed by Other workers at 6.92%, Agricultural labourers account for 25.86%. Cropping Pattern The study area around proposed oil terminal does not comprise any perennial irrigation source. The agricultural activity of the area is mainly dependent on rain water. Except rain water, no other irrigation facility is available in the study area. Annual rainfall in the study area is about 1174 mm. As a result, the availability of ground water in the study area is not very encouraging. Due to above reasons, the agricultural activity of the area is poor. The crops grown in the area are Paddy, wheat and maize, out of which paddy is the major crop of the study area. In low lying areas, irrigation is carried out from bore wells and open wells by drawing ground water. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 96

132 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Livestock Livestock is also important source of income in the area. Buffaloes, cow, goat, are reared by villagers for milk and meat production. Dry dung is used as fuel in households. Living Standards And Infrastructure Availability of amenities like education, medical, water supply, communication, road network, electricity, etc. significantly reflects the level of development of an area. Information on available amenities in the study area was gathered during field studies and the same is discussed in the following subsections: Educational Facilities The primary level education facilities are available in mostly all the villages. All villages have the primary education facilities. Medical Facilities There is no provision for construction of any hospital for the employees of terminal. This is due to the fact that Jasidih town is located merely at a distance of 1.5kms and Deoghar town is located merely at a distance of 9kms from IOCL oil terminal and almost all the employee shall reside at Deoghar town. The medical facilities available in Deoghar town are sufficient to take medical care of the employees. Village wise basic & Civic amenities in study area is given in Table Drinking Water Supply All villages of the study area have drinking water facility. Hand pump or tap water is available in most of the villages. Approach to villages Most of the villages in the study area can be approached by rural roads. Power Supply Electricity exists in all the villages for agricultural/all purposes. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 97

133 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 3.29: Demographic Details of the Study Area VILLAGE WISE DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE IN STUDY AREA S. Total No. Scheduled Scheduled Name of Population Litracy No of House Castes Tribes Village. hold Total Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female DISTRICT DEOGHAR DEOGHAR DEVELOPMENT BLOCK 1 Bishunpur Tulsitanr Garjora Kerankathi Ghatiyari Khajuriya Gandlitanr Jetutanr Kutabandh Kobidih Andrigadar Ranga Majhilatanr Un-inhabited 14 Nawadih Jarmo Digharia Gokuladi Alakhjora Chhota Manikpur ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 98

134 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Badladih Amarpur Roydi Bhogtidih Dharwadih Radhe Mohdar Babudih Chapariya Chhota Nokhil Rajasar Rohini Gangti Kiradih Ghaghi Darpa Latbedia Godi Jamuya Sarsa Debpur Sankari Naiadih Bisunpur Nawadih Siatanr Un-inhabited Piprapoj ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 99

135 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 45 Pachhiari kothia Garibkhil Gidhni Gopalpur Ratanpur Singhua Total Sl.No. Table 3.30: Economic Details of the Study Area VILLAGE WISE ECONOMIC PROFILE IN STUDY AREA Total Main Marginal Total Total Non Workers Name of Village Workers Workers Population Workers Male Female Male Female Male Female DISTRICT DEOGHAR DEOGHAR DEVELOPMENT BLOCK 1 Bishunpur Un-Inhabited 2 Tulsitanr Garjora Kerankathi Ghatiyari Khajuriya Gandlitanr Jetutanr Kutabandh Kobidih Andrigadar Ranga ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 100

136 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 13 Majhilatanr Un-inhabited 14 Nawadih Jarmo Digharia Gokuladi Alakhjora Chhota Manikpur Badladih Amarpur Roydi Bhogtidih Dharwadih Radhe Mohdar Babudih Chapariya Chhota Nokhil Rajasar Rohini Gangti Kiradih Ghaghi Darpa Latbedia Godi Jamuya Sarsa Debpur Sankari ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 101

137 Limited at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 40 Naiadih Bisunpur Nawadih Siatanr Un-inhabited 44 Piprapoj Pachhiari kothia Garibkhil Gidhni Gopalpur Ratanpur Singhua Total ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 102

138 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand S. No. Name of Village Table 3.31: Village Wise Basic & Civic Amenities Details of the Study Area VILLAGE WISE BASIC & CIVIC AMENITIES IN STUDY AREA Educational Medical Drinking Water Post & Telegraph Communication ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 103 Approach to the Village DISTRICT DEOGHAR DEOGHAR DEVELOPMENT BLOCK 1 Bishunpur P,M 2 W,HP,TW 0 1 KR,PR 2 Tulsitanr P,M 2 W,HP,TW 0 0 KR,PR 3 Garjora P 0 W,HP,TW 2 1 KR,PR 4 Kerankathi P,M 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 5 Ghatiyari P,M 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 6 Khajuriya P 0 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 7 Gandlitanr P 0 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 8 Jetutanr P 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 9 Kutabandh P 0 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 10 Kobidih P 1 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 11 Andrigadar P 1 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 12 Ranga P 1 1 KR,PR 13 Majhilatanr Un-inhabited 14 Nawadih P 1 W,HP,TW 0 0 KR,PR 15 Jarmo P 1 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 16 Digharia P 1 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 17 Gokuladi P 0 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 18 Alakhjora P 0 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR Chhota Manikpur P 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR Badladih P,M 2 W,HP,TW 0 0 KR,PR 21 Amarpur P,M 1 W,HP,TW 0 1 KR,PR 22 Roydi P 0 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 23 Bhogtidih P,M 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 24 Dharwadih P 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR Radhe 25 Mohdar P 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 26 Babudih P 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 27 Chapariya P 2 W,HP,TW 0 1 KR,PR Chhota 28 Nokhil P 2 W,HP,TW 0 0 KR,PR 29 Rajasar P,M 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 30 Rohini P,M 2 W,HP,TW 0 0 KR,PR 31 Gangti p 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 32 Kiradih P,M 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 33 Ghaghi P,M 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 34 Darpa P 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 35 Latbedia P 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 36 Godi Jamuya P 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 37 Sarsa P 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 38 Debpur P 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR

139 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 39 Sankari P 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 40 Naiadih P 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 41 Bisunpur P 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 42 Nawadih P 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 43 Siatanr P,M 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 44 Piprapoj P 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR Pachhiari 45 kothia P,M 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 kr,pr 46 Garibkhil P 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 47 Gidhni P 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 48 Gopalpur P 2 W,HP,TW 1 0 KR,PR 49 Ratanpur P 2 W,HP,TW 1 1 KR,PR 50 Singhua P,M 2 W,HP,TW 2 1 KR,PR Table 3.32: Workforce Details of the Study Area WARD WISE WORKFORCE PATTERN IN STUDY AREA S. Total Agricultural Household Name of Village Cultivators No. Workers Labourers Industry Others DISTRICT DEOGHAR DEOGHAR DEVELOPMENT BLOCK 1 Bishunpur Tulsitanr Garjora Kerankathi Ghatiyari Khajuriya Gandlitanr Jetutanr Kutabandh Kobidih Andrigadar Ranga Majhilatanr Un-inhabited 14 Nawadih Jarmo Digharia Gokuladi Alakhjora Chhota Manikpur Badladih Amarpur Roydi Bhogtidih ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 104

140 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 24 Dharwadih Radhe Mohdar Babudih Chapariya Chhota Nokhil Rajasar Rohini Gangti Kiradih Ghaghi Darpa Latbedia Godi Jamuya Sarsa Debpur Sankari Naiadih Bisunpur Nawadih Siatanr Piprapoj Pachhiari kothia Garibkhil Gidhni Gopalpur Ratanpur Singhua Total ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 105

141 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand CHAPTER-4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS & MITIGATION MEASURES 4.1 Introduction The anticipated environmental impacts on various components of environment due to construction of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand can be assessed in terms of i) physical environment ii) biological environment, and iii) demographic, land use and socioeconomic environment. For proper assessment of significance and magnitude of environmental changes in construction and operation phases of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih impacts are analyzed for each environmental parameters. An assessment is made both for adverse and beneficial impacts in following section. (i) Physical Environment Soil During Construction Phase During the construction phase proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand, there will be a small amount of construction wastes, such as, metal cutting, oil, grease and debris, which may contaminate soil at the site of construction. However, the extent of contamination will not be significant. These wastes will not normally contaminate ground water. Their impact on soil and surface water will be restricted to the construction period in small area around the construction site during heavy rainfall only. Mitigation Measures Collection of metal cuttings, oil, grease and construction debris from the site. Solid waste collection bins at the site. Maintaining housekeeping at construction site. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 106

142 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand During Operation Phase During operation phase of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, no process waste will be generated. About 10 to 15kg municipal solid wastes will also be generated from office and canteen. About 300 litres used oil will be generated at the time of maintenance of DG sets occasionally. For collection, management and disposal of solid and hazardous wastes from proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, necessary mitigation measures will be taken. Mitigation Measures Maintaining housekeeping at proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih. Approx 10 to 15 kg day municipal wastes (paper plastic, food wastes, etc) will be generated, which will be collected and segregated. Recyclable wastes like paper and plastic wastes will be sent for recycling. Biodegradable wastes like food and vegetable wastes will be disposed compost pit. Non- biodegradable and non- recyclable wastes will be sent to common landfill site. From the maintenance of DG sets, 300 litres used oil will be generated, which is categorized as hazardous wastes and handed over to JSPCB/MOEF&CC authorized used oil recyclers. 2. Water Quality During Construction Phase The construction phase may result in minor soil erosion from the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, as it will clear of ground flora and excavation for construction activities. The runoff from the construction site during rainfall may cause some increase in the quantity of suspended solids and turbidity in the runoff in natural drain. However, this impact will be of temporary nature and may not last as soon as excavated soil established and construction debris will be disposed off properly. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 107

143 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand The raw and potable water requirement of the proposed facilities will be met by drawing ground water from bore-well. Mitigation measures Excavation of foundations for proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih will be carried out during dry season. Construction debris will be collected and disposed properly daily basis. Sanitary facilities for workers will be provided for workers. During Operation Phase No process effluents will be generated during operation of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih. During the operation of the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, about 4 kld domestic waste water will be generated, which will be treated in septic tank via soak pits. Water consumption is not envisaged for operation of the plant. Water is required only for floor washings, potable, green belt and fire fighting purposes. The average water consumption during operation of the proposed facilities has been estimated to be about 6.0 m 3 /day. The wastewater management philosophy will be based on Zero Discharge concept. Municipal wastes (paper plastic, food wastes, etc) generated from oil terminal of IOCL at Jasidih will be collected and segregated. Recyclable wastes like paper and plastic wastes will be sent for recycling, while biodegradable wastes like food and vegetable wastes will be disposed in compost pit. Nonbiodegradable and non-recyclable wastes will be sent to common landfill site. Used oil (300 litres) is generated from the maintenance of DG sets will be handed over to CPCB/MOEF&CC authorized used oil recyclers. 3. Climatology and Meteorology The construction and operation phase of the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 108

144 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Jasidih will have no impact on meteorology of the area. Therefore, no mitigation measure is required for climatology and meteorology. 4. Ambient Air Quality During Construction Phase A certain amount of particulate matter will be generated during the construction phase of the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih. However, the suspended particulate matter in ambient air as a result of construction activities may be relatively coarse and will be settled within a short distance. Therefore, the impact will be restricted within the close vicinity of the construction activity. Further, for construction the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL, construction activities will be taken place for 18 months only, therefore, impacts will be observed for short period and reversible in nature. Mitigation Measures Cordoning off construction area by tin sheets & garden net. Dust suppression measures like water sprinkling as per requirement. During Operation Phase During operation of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih there will not be any process emission sources and no emissions will be generated. DG sets to be installed at the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih will be operated occasionally in case of power failure and there will not be any regular source of gaseous emissions at the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih. Mitigation Measures Additional storage tankages and trucks will have pollution under control (PUC) certificates. Regular maintenance of Additional storage tankages and trucks will be ensured. Green belt will be developed on the periphery of proposed Additional storage ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 109

145 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand tankages of IOCL at Jasidih. DG sets will be provided stack height as per CPCB guidelines to vent out combustion gases in to atmosphere. Cleanliness and proper house keeping will be maintained at the plant. 5. Noise During Construction Phase During the construction phase, erection of equipment, vehicle movement, DG sets may be major sources of noise generation during construction of the proposed Additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih. Relatively high noise levels will be generated during construction phase. Anticipated noise levels from various sources are as given below in Table 4.1: Table 4.1: Anticipated Noise Levels from Various Sources Sn. Sources Anticipated Noise Levels 1. DG set 90 db(a) 2. Metal cutting and bending 80 db(a) 3. Hammering 85 db(a) 4. Erection of equipment 75 db(a) Generation of noise levels from above sources will be intermittent in the nature. The noise level generated from the construction site would decrease with increase in distance from the source due to the wave divergence effect. Modelling for Noise Emissions from Construction Site For dispersion modelling of noise, standard mathematical model for sound wave propagation have been used. The sound pressure level generated by noise sources decreases with increasing distance from the source due to wave divergence. An additional decrease in sound pressure level from the source is expected due to atmospheric effect or its interaction with objects in the transmission path. For hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogeneous loss free medium, one can estimated noise levels at various locations due to different sources using model based on first principles, as per the following equation: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 110

146 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Noise (Receptor) = Noise (Source) - 20 Log[distance (Receptor) /distance (Source)] The combined effect of all the sources then can be determined at various locations by the following equation. Lp (total) = 10 Log (10 (Lp1/10) +10 (Lp2/10) +10 (Lp3/10) ) Where Lp1, LP2, LP3 are noise pressure levels at a point due to different sources. The resultant maximum noise level from site is calculated as 85 db (A). Assuming no environmental attenuation factors, noise modelling has been done which shows that noise level at different distance from the site has been shown in Table 4.2: Table 4.2: Noise Level at Various Distances Noise Levels (db (A)) Distance from Source (m) Graphical presentation of noise attenuation during construction site is shown in Figure 4.1. Figure 4.1: Attenuation of Noise Level during Operation Phase The above noise modelling results show that the noise levels will remain below acceptable level within short distance inside the additional storage tankages of IOCL. Further, the resultant noise level will mingle with the background noise level (assumed to be 55dB (A) at 79m during day time. The above noise levels are ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 111

147 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand without mitigative measures. With the mitigative measures, the noise levels will be further restricted within very short distance from the from the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih. Mitigation Measures Use of ear muff and ear plugs to workers working in high noise area. Acoustic enclosures are already fitted with DG sets. Therefore, no significant impact is anticipated on noise levels during construction phase of the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih. During Operation Phase No regular noise generation is expected due to the operation of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih. DG sets fitted with acoustic enclosure will be operated only during grid power failure. Mitigation Measures Equipment specification and installation of acoustic enclosure with DG sets ensure low level of noise generation. Proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih and trucks will be essentially fitted with silencers to control noise generation. Plantation is proposed on sq.m (33.0%) within IOCL Terminal, which works as noise barrier; in case of non availability of sufficient land in terminal, plantation would be carried in nearby Schools, Govt. Waste land, Panchayat land etc. or as per consultation with local Panchayat authorities. Therefore, on significant impact on noise levels of the study area due operation of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL will be insignificant. 6. Terrestrial Ecology During Construction Phase The site of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL is free from trees and shrubs, therefore, during construction phase, no vegetation needs to be will be cleared. Therefore, no impact is anticipated on terrestrial ecology of the area. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 112

148 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand During Operation Phase At the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL, peripheral green belt will be developed on sqm area, which is 33% of the total area of the IOCL Terminal. During operation phase of IOCL plant, impact of green belt will be positive and beneficial for ecology of the study area. Growth of plantation and development of green belt at the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih is likely to improve the flora and fauna in the area. Demographic, Land Use and Socio-economic Environment Demographic During construction phase, workers will be deployed from nearby villages, mostly from local area. The construction of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL will not displace any person. Operation of the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL will not require large work force and existing 28 persons will be sufficient for operation of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL. Therefore, large scale immigration will not take place and the impact on demography of the area will be insignificant. Land Use The construction of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL will have no impact on land use of the study area, as land for construction of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL has been purchased. 7. Socio-economic Economic Impacts The construction and operation of the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL will have some beneficial impact due to increase in incomes as local unskilled, semiskilled and skilled persons as they will gain some direct and indirect employment. However, in view of the small manpower and support facility requirements, the beneficial impact due to the operation of the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL at Jasidih is likely to be marginal. Social Impacts Since the immigration of work force during construction and operation of the proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL will be likely to be very small, the impact on facilities and cultural aspects are expected to be insignificant. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 113

149 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Sustainable Development And Environmental Protection At the centre of the socio-economic impact lies the question of whether economic development and growth can go hand in hand with environmental protection. The construction of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL is not likely to have any negative impact if the proposed mitigation for environmental management are implemented by the IOCL management. The construction of proposed additional storage tankages of IOCL will have a definite beneficial impacts, even though marginal, on infrastructures facilities, gross economic product, employment opportunities and socio-economic aspects of the area. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 114

150 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand CHAPTER 5 ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS 5.1 Introduction The consideration of technological alternatives for construction of proposed additional storages tankages of IOCL at Jasidih is one of the more proactive side of environmental assessment - enhancing the project through examining options instead of only focusing on the more defensive task of reducing adverse impacts of a single option of the project. This requires the systematic comparison of feasible alternatives for technology and operational alternatives. Alternatives are compared in terms of their potential environmental impacts, capital and recurrent costs, suitability under local conditions, etc. The examining alternative means of carrying out a project involves answering the following three questions: (i) what are the alternatives?, (ii) what are the environmental impacts associated with each alternative?, and (iii) what is the rationale for selecting the preferred alternative? 5.2 Alternative Site For construction of proposed additional storages tankages of IOCL at Jasidih, no alternative site has been considered, as enough space is available IOCL Jasidih in which all infrastructure facilities already exist. 5.3 Alternative for Technology The proposed tanks will be floating roof / cone roof tank type to minimize hydrocarbon vapour loses. 5.4 Alternative for Control of Pollution The proposed additional storages tankages of IOCL at Jasidih is operating after obtaining of Consent of Operate from Jharkhand State Pollution control Board. Necessary pollution control measures for air pollution, waste water generation, solid waste management and noise control measures has already taken at the existing IOCL at Jasidih, which will be strengthened after construction of additional storages tankages within IOCL at Jasidih. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 115

151 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand CHAPTER-6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PLAN 6.1 Introduction Regular monitoring program for the environmental parameters is essential to take account the changes in the environment due to construction of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih. To ensure the effective implementation of the mitigation measures and environmental management plan during operation phase of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, it is essential that an effective environmental monitoring plan be designed and followed during operation phases. The objectives of environmental monitoring plan for proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih are: (i) To verify the results of the impact assessment study in particular with regards to proposed pipeline; (ii) To follow the trend of concentration values of the parameters which have been identified as critical; (iii) To check or assess the efficiency of the mitigation measures; and (iv) To ensure that new parameters, other than those identified in the impact assessment study, do not become critical at proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih. The environmental monitoring is the primary tool for assessing the prevailing quality of air, water, noise, land etc. The environmental monitoring helps in suggesting and taking corrective course corrections, monitored parameters are exceeding. The monitoring of various environmental parameters for ambient air quality, water quality, noise levels, soil quality will be carried out on a regular basis at and around the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih to ascertain the following: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 116

152 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand a. Pollution caused due to operations of proposed additional storage tankages of Jasidih. MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at b. Change in environmental quality within and outside the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih. c. To assess environmental impacts of the proposed additional storage tankages at Jasidih. of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) d. Evaluate the efficiency of pollution control measures installed. The environmental monitoring shall be periodic and comply with the promulgated standards. The frequency of monitoring of various environmental components and frequency to be monitored is given in Table Environmental Monitoring Schedules To check the efficacy of the adopted mitigation measures and environmental Management plan, post project monitoring is carried out for various environmental parameters. In case, the monitored results of environmental parameter are found to exceed the allowable/stipulated values, the Environmental Management Cell suggests remedial actions and gets these suggestions implemented through the concerned personnel Ambient Air Quality (AAQ) Monitoring Ambient air quality parameters suggested during operation phase of the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih are Particulate Matters (PM2.5), Particulate Matter (PM10), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), HC and VOC. These are to be monitored at designated locations starting from the commencement of construction activities. Data should be generated 24 hourly during operation phase at identified locations in accordance to the National Ambient Air Quantity Standards. During operation phase, there will not be any major source of air emissions except DG sets and vehicular emissions from proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih. Six monthly ambient air quality ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 117

153 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand monitoring should be carried out at boundaries of proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of IOCL for Particulate Matters (PM2.5), Particulate Matter (PM10), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2), Carbon Monoxide (CO), Methane and Non-methane HC and VOC Water Quality Monitoring At proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, there will not be any source for ground and surface water contamination during construction and operation phases of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih. However, ground water sampling and analysis can be carried out at the Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal at Jasidih during operation phases. The locations, duration and pollution parameters to be monitored and necessary institutional arrangements are detailed in the environmental monitoring plan. The monitoring of the ground water quality will be carried out at one location in accordance to Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification-IS 10500:2012 for relevant parameters as directed by concerned authorities i.e. BIS Noise Levels Monitoring During operation phase of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) at Jasidih, noise will be generated cylinders handling, DG sets operation, vehicles/truck movement. The measurement of noise levels would be carried out at suggested locations in accordance to the Ambient Noise Standards formulated by Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC). Noise levels would be monitored on twenty-four hourly basis. Noise measurements should be recorded at A weighted frequency using a slow time response mode of the measuring instrument. The noise measurement location and duration are detailed in the environmental monitoring plan Environmental Monitoring Plan Environmental monitoring plan for operation phases of the Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal at Jasidih is given in Table 6.1. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 118

154 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Environmental Component Ambient Air Project stage Construct ion Phase Operation Phase Table 6.1: Environmental Monitoring Plan for Proposed expansion of Oil Terminal of IOCL Parameter Standards Location Duration / Frequenc PM 2.5,PM 10, SO 2,NO 2, CO National Ambient Quality Standards At the plant site Continuous 24- hourly Implementation Environmental Cell of IOCL or MoEF &CC/JSPCB/ NABL approved monitoring agency Supervision IOCL HC and VOC -- Parking Area Continuous 24- Environmental Cell IOCL hourly once six of IOCL or monthly MoEF & CC/ JSPCB/NABL approved monitoring agency PM 2.5, PM 10, National At boundary Continuous 24- IOCL through IOCL SO 2, NO 2, CO Ambient wall in upwind hourly once six MoEF & CC/ & HC on Quality and down wind months JSPCB/NABL Boundary of Standards direction at approved Oil Terminal boundary of monitoring agency Oil terminal ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 119

155 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Environmental Component Water Quality Project stage Parameter Standards Location Duration / Frequency Construction Phase As per IS: 10500:2012 for relevant parameters As Water quality standards (IS 10500:2012) At the proposed site Implementation Six Monthly IOCL through MoEF& CC/ JSPCB/NABL approved monitoring agency Supervision Operation Phase As per IS: As Water Within Six Monthly IOCL through IOCL 10500:2012 quality IOCL terminal MoEF&CC/ for relevant standards JSPCB /NABL parameters in (IS approved consultation 10500:2012) monitoring agency with JSPCB Noise Construction Noise Level As per Within 24-hourly IOCL through IOCL Measurements Phase in db (A) National proposed measurement, MoEF/ JSPCB/ Noise Plant site once quarterly NABL approved standards during the monitoring agency construction phase IOCL ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 120

156 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Environmental Component Project stage Parameter Standards Location Duration / Frequency Implementation Supervision Operation Phase Noise Level As per Storage area, 24-hourly IOCL through IOCL in db (A) National Filling area, measurement, MoEF & CC/ Noise Parking Area once six months NABL approved standards monitoring agency ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 121

157 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 6.3 Health, Safety & Environmental Management Cell In order to implement the environmental management program efficiently within the organization, periodical monitoring as per statutory guidelines and mid course corrections/actions, if required based on the environmental monitoring results, management intends to establish environmental cell for successful implementation. The roles & responsibilities are clearly defined among the personnel within the environmental cell. The responsibilities of personnel are given in Table 6.2. Table 6.2: Responsibilities of Personnel of the HS&E Cell Designation Responsibility Territory Manager Safety In charge Manager- In Charge Medical Officer (Part Time) Over all planning, execution and management of environmental protective measures and monitoring of parameters and various Socio-economic measures, disaster management measures and training programs regularly. To ensure the activities are carried out as per the OSHAS standard and all the employed given safety a primary importance while working at the proposed expansion of IOCL terminal. Overall in-charge of monitoring of Environmental parameters and effectiveness of environmental protective measures taken and decide about the additional protective measures in safeguarding the overall ecology and environment. Healthy check-up of working persons, for identifying occupational Health hazards, if any. The doctor will be available 3 days/week for periodic health monitoring. 6.4 Statutory Returns and Compliance Reports The statutory returns and compliance reports here below are to be submitted to the Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board (JSPCB). (i) Submission of half yearly compliance report in respect of the stipulated prior environmental clearance terms and conditions in hard and soft copies to the regulatory authority concerned, on 1 st June and 1 st December of each calendar year. (ii) Submission of environmental statement for the financial year ending 31 st March to the concerned Jharkhand State Pollution Control Board on or before ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 122

158 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 30 th September every year. (iii) Submission of Water Cess returns in Form 1 as per Rule 4(1) of Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Rules 1978 on or before the 5th of every calendar month. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 123

159 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand CHAPTER- 7 RISK ASSESSMENT & DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 7.1 Introduction Industrial plants deal with materials, which are generally hazardous in nature by virtue of their intrinsic chemical properties or their temperature or pressure of operation or a combination of these. Fire, explosion, hazardous release or a combination of these are the hazards associated with industrial plants. These have resulted in the development of more comprehensive, systematic and sophisticated methods of Safety Engineering such as Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment to improve upon the integrity, reliability and safety of industrial plants. The primary emphasis in safety engineering is to reduce risk to human life and environment. The broad tools attempt to minimize the chances of accidents occurring. There always exists, no matter how remote, that small probability of a major accident occurring. If the accident involves highly hazardous materials in sufficient large quantities, the consequences may be serious to the plant, to surrounding areas and the populations therein. M/s. Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) have proposed to install additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4Nos. bottom filling loading bays (TLF bays) within exiting terminal at Jasidih, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand. Product such as MS, HSD and SKO have received through Haldia-Barauni product pipeline. Construction of additional tankages is utmost need to fulfil the need of petroleum product as per market requirement in nearby area. Since the petroleum products are highly inflammable, it is necessary to evaluate to risk from this installation. IOCL has retained ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd. as a consultant for carrying out the risk analysis study of the proposed additional tankages of MS, HSD and SKO at Jasidih terminal, District-Deoghar, Jharkhand. Scope of work includes: (i) (ii) Identify different hazard scenarios, which are likely to cause damage to the installation and other properties, operating staff as well as the surrounding communities and installations. Evaluate the damage potential of the probable hazardous events in relation to their location to assess the magnitude of the impact and the impact zones. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 124

160 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand (iii) (iv) Suggest remedial/preventive measures. Prepare an effective on-site disaster management plan. 7.2 Risk Assessment and Hazard Identification Risk is defined as the unwanted consequences of a particular activity in relation to the likelihood that this may occur. Risk assessment thus comprises of two variables, magnitude of consequences and the probability of occurrence of accident. The first step in risk assessment is identification of hazards. Hazard is defined as a physical or chemical condition with the potential of accident which can cause damage to people, property or the environment. Hazards are identified by careful review of plant operation and nature of materials used. The various scenarios by which an accident can occur are then determined, concurrently study of both probability and the consequences of an accident is carried out and finally risk assessment is made. If this risk is acceptable then the study is complete. If the risk is unacceptable then the system must be modified and the procedure is restarted. 7.3 Scope of Risk Analysis The scope of risk analysis study includes: (i) Identify potential hazard sections of the plant, which are likely to cause damage to the plant, operating staff and the surrounding communities in case of any accident due to the proposed plant facilities. (ii) Assess overall damage potential of the hazardous events in relation to main plant and environment. (iii) Assessment of total individual risk. (iv) Recommended emergency preparedness plan to mitigate the effects of any accident. 7.4 Risk Analysis Risk Analysis of any plant / installation handling hazardous materials include Hazard Identification Identify potentially hazardous materials that can cause loss of human life/injury, loss of properties and deteriorate the environment due to loss of containment. Identify potential scenarios, which can cause loss of containment and consequent hazards like fire, explosion and toxicity. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 125

161 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Consequence Analysis Analysis of magnitude of consequences of different potential hazard scenarios and their effect zones. Consequence analysis is a measure of potential hazards and is important for taking precautionary measures for risk reduction as for well as mitigation of effect in case of such accidents happening. This report has been prepared by applying the standard techniques of risk assessment and the information provided by IOCL. Based on the Risk Assessment, Disaster Management Plan (DMP) has been prepared. 7.5 Glossary of Terms used in Risk Assessment The common terms used in Risk Assessment and Disaster Management are elaborated below: Risk is defined as a likelihood of an undesired event (accident, injury or death) occurring within a specified period or under specified circumstances. This may be either a frequency or a probability depending on the circumstances. Hazard is defined as a physical situation, which may cause human injury, damage to property or the environment or some combination of these criteria. Hazardous Substance means any substance or preparation, which by reason of its chemical or physico-chemical properties or handling is liable to cause harm to human beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organisms, property or the environment. Hazardous Process is defined as any process or activity in relation to an industry, which may cause impairment to the health of the persons engaged or connected therewith or which may result in pollution of the general environment. Disaster is defined as a catastrophic situation that causes damage, economic disruptions, loss of human life and deterioration of health and health services on a scale sufficient to warrant an extraordinary response from outside the affected area or community. Disaster occasioned by man is factory fire, explosions and release of toxic gases or chemical substances etc. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 126

162 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Accident is an unplanned event, which has a probability of causing personal injury or property damage or both. Emergency is defined as a situation where the demand exceeds the resources. This highlights the typical nature of emergency It will be after experience that enough is not enough in emergency situations. Situations of this nature are avoidable but it is not possible to avoid them always. Emergency Preparedness is one of the key activities in the overall Management. Preparedness, though largely dependent upon the response capability of the persons engaged in direct action, will require support from others in the organization before, during and after an emergency. 7.6 Scope of Study The risk assessment has been carried out in line with the requirements of various statutory bodies for similar type of projects: Identification of potential hazard areas; Identification of representative failure cases; Identification of possible initiating events; Assess the overall damage potential of the identified hazardous events and the impact zones from the accidental scenarios; Consequence analysis for all the possible events; Assess the overall suitability of the site from hazard minimization and disaster mitigation points of view; Furnish specific recommendations on the minimization of the worst accident possibilities; and Preparation of broad Disaster Management Plan (DMP). 7.7 Approach to the Study Risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of some accident consisting of an event or sequence of events. The description of the tasks of the various phases involved in risk analysis is detailed below: Phase-I: Hazard Identification ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 127

163 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand The technique employs for the Hazard Identification is MCA analysis. MCA stands for Maximum Credible Accident or in other words, an accident with maximum damage distance, which is believed to be probable. MCA analysis does not include quantification of the probability of occurrence of an accident. In practice, the selection of accident scenarios for MCA analysis is carried out on the basis of engineering judgment and expertise in the field of risk analysis especially in accident analysis. Process information study and relevant data would help in the identification of hazard prone section of the plant. Inventory analysis and Fire and Explosion and Toxicity Indices and following manufacture, storage and transport of hazard chemicals rules of Government of India (GOI Rules, 2000) are also the methods used in hazard identification. Phase-II: Hazard Assessment and Evaluation Ranking of each unit in hazard prone sections are done based on the Fire and Explosion Index (F & EI), Toxicity Index (TI) and Inventory Analysis. Safety of hazard prone section is studied using Preliminary Hazard Analysis. A Preliminary Hazard Analysis (PHA) is a part of the US Military Standard System Safety Program requirements. The main purpose of this analysis is to recognize hazards early, thus saving time and cost, which could result from major plant redesigns, if hazards are discovered at a later stage. Many companies use a similar procedure under a different name. It is generally applied during concept or early development phase of a process plant and can be very useful in site selection. PHA is a precursor to further hazard analysis and is intended for use only in the preliminary phase of plant development for cases where past experience provides little or no insight into any potential safety problems, e.g. a plant with a new process. The PHA focuses on the hazardous materials and major plant elements since few details on the plant design are available and there is likely not to be any information available on procedures. The PHA is sometimes considered to be a review where energy can be released in an uncontrolled manner. The PHA consists of formulating a list of hazards related to: Pipeline / equipment; Interface among system components; ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 128

164 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Operative environment; Operations (tests, maintenance, etc.); Facility; and Safety equipment. The results include recommendations to reduce or eliminate hazards in the subsequent plant design phase. The PHA is followed by evaluation of MCA and Consequence Analysis. Phase-III & IV: Disaster Management Plan (DMP) and Emergency Preparedness Plan (EPP) Safety review of especially vulnerable process units is covered in this phase. This helps in reducing the risk qualitatively while the outcome of Phase-I and Phase-II would reduce risk in quantitative terms. Emergency Preparedness Plan based on the earlier studies is covered in this activity. Customarily, major industries to have their EPP s and therefore, there is a need to look into those details and recommend a realistic EPP based on the above studies. 7.8 Hazard Identification Introduction Identification of hazards in the proposed project is of primary significance in the analysis, quantification and cost effective control of accidents involving chemicals and process. A classical definition of hazard states that hazard is in fact the characteristic of system/plant/process that presents potential for an accident. Hence, all the components of a system/plant/process need to be thoroughly examined to assess their potential for initiating or propagating an unplanned event/sequence of events, which can be termed as an accident. Typical schemes of predictive hazard evaluation and quantitative risk analysis suggest that hazard identification step plays a key role (Refer Figure - 7.1). Estimation of probability of an unexpected event and its consequences form the basis of quantification of risk in terms of damage to property, environment or personnel. Therefore, the type, quantity, location and conditions of release of a toxic or flammable substance have to be identified in order to estimate its damaging effects, the area involved and the possible precautionary measures required to be taken. The following two methods for hazard identification have been employed in the study: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 129

165 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Identification of hazardous storage units based on relative ranking technique, viz. Fire-Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE & TI); and Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA) Classification of Major Hazardous Substance Hazardous substances may be classified into three main classes namely flammable substances, unstable substances, and toxic substances. Flammable substances require interaction with air for their hazard to be realized. Under certain circumstances the vapours arising from flammable substances when mixed with air may be explosive especially in confined spaces. However, if present in sufficient quantity such clouds may explode in open air also. Unstable substances are liquids or solids, which may decompose with such violence so as to give rise to blast waves. Finally, toxic substances are dangerous and cause substantial damage to life when released into the atmosphere. The ratings for a large number of chemicals based on flammability, reactivity and toxicity are given in NFPA Codes 49 and 345 M. 7.9 Dow Index Fire Explosion and Toxicity Index (FE & TI) Approach Fire, Explosion and Toxicity Indexing (FE & TI) is a rapid ranking method for identifying the degree of hazard. The application of FE&TI would help to make a quick assessment of the nature and quantification of the hazard in these areas. However, this does not provide precise information. Respective Material Factor (RMF), General Hazard Factors (GHF), Special Process Hazard Factors (SPHF) are computed using standard procedure of awarding penalties based on storage handling and reaction parameters. Before hazard indexing can be applied, the installation in question should be subdivided into logical, independent elements or units. In general, a unit can logically be characterized by the nature of the process that takes place in it. In some cases, the unit may consist of a plant element separated from the other elements by space or by protective walls. A plant element may also be an apparatus, instrument, section or system that can cause a specific hazard. For each separate plant process, which contains flammable or toxic substances, a fire and explosion index F ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 130

166 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand and/or a toxicity index T may be determined in a manner derived from the method for determining a fire and explosion index developed by the Dow Chemical Company FE and TI Methodology Dow s Fire and Explosion Index (F and E) is a product of Material Factor (MF) and Hazard Factor (F3) while MF represents the flammability and reactivity of the substances, the hazard factor (F3), is itself a product of General Process Hazards (GPH) and Special Process Hazards (SPH). An accurate plot plan of the plant, a process flow sheet and Fire and Explosion Index and Hazard Classification Guide published by Dow Chemical Company are required to estimate the FE & TI of any process plant or a storage unit Computations and Evaluation of Fire and Explosion Index The Fire and Explosion Index (F&EI) is calculated from the following formula: F & EI = MF x (GPH) x (SPH) The degree of hazard potential is identified based on the numerical value of F&EI as per the criteria given below: F & EI Range Degree of Hazard 0 60 Light Moderate Intermediate Heavy 159 Up Severe Toxicity Index (TI) The toxicity index is primarily based on the index figures for health hazards established by the NFPA in Codes NFPA 704, NFPA 49 and NFPA 345 m. However, the products handled are not toxic Classification of Hazard Categories By comparing the indices F&EI and TI, the unit in question is classified into one of the following three categories established for the purpose (Table - 7.1). ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 131

167 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 7.1 Fire, Explosion and Toxicity Index Category Fire & Explosion Index (F&EI) Toxicity Index (TI) I F & EI, 65 TI < 6 II 65 < or = F&EI < 95 6 < or = TI < 10 III F&EI > or = 95 TI > or = 10 Certain basic minimum preventive and protective measures are recommended for the three hazard categories The Basic Data Basic Data for Motor Spirit (i) Substance stored-motor Spirit (ii) Quantity stored KL (max) in three Tanks, two tanks with a Capacity of 4241KL and one Tank with a capacity of 2212 KL (iii) Quantity to be stored KL (iv) Type of storage-internal Floating Roof Vertical Storage Tanks Basic Data for HSD (i) Substance stored-high Speed Diesel (ii) Quantity stored KL (max) in four tanks (two tanks each of capacity 5303 KL & two tanks each of capacity 2604 KL) (iii)quantity to be stored-9025kl (iv)type of storage- Conical Roof Vertical Storage Tanks ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 132

168 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Basic Data for SKO (i) Substance stored-superior Kerosene Oil (ii)quantity stores-4882 KL (max) in three tanks, one with a capacity of 3006 KL & other two tanks each of capacity 938 KL (iii)quantity to be stored-2100kl (iii)type of storage -Conical Roof Vertical Storage Tanks The Properties The relevant properties of the above substances are given in Table The Results The detailed calculations are summarized in Table Comments Sr. No The recommended minimum features, according to DOW Fire and Explosion Index have been given at Table-7.3. Based on these features and the various values obtained, the following conclusions can be drawn: (i) (ii) The SKO and HSD Storage Tanks pose a LIGHT hazard, with an exposure radius of about ft. and ft. respectively. The Radii of Exposure for the MS Storage Tanks is ft. and the hazard potential is MODERATE. (iii) Except the Fire Proofing for the Motor Spirit Tanks, all other Recommended Tank No. T-101, T- 102, T-103 T-108, T- 109, T-110 T-104, T- 105, T-106, T-107 T-111, T- 112, T-113 Required as per Table are optional. Table 7.2 Properties of MS, SKO and HSD Stored Material Capacity m 3 Density Kg/m 3 Flash Point o C, max Boiling Point o C, max Motor Spirit < Superior Kerosene Oil High Speed Diesel Oil > > Ethanol ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 133

169 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Tank No. T-101, T-102, T-103 T-108, T-109, T-110 T-104, T-105, T-106, T-107 T-111, T-112, T-113 Stored Material Table 7.3 Calculations for Dow Fire & Explosion Index Material Factor MF General Process Hazard Factor F 1 Special Process Hazard Factor F 2 Unit Hazard Factor F 3 Fire & Explosion Index F&EI = F 3 xmf Exposure Radius (ft.) Degree of Hazard Motor Spirit Moderate Superior Kerosene Oil High Speed Diesel Oil Light Light Ethanol Light 7.10 Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA) Approach Introduction A Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) can be characterized, as an accident with a maximum damage potential, which is still believed to be probable. MCA analysis does not include quantification of the probability of occurrence of an accident. Moreover, since it is not possible to indicate exactly a level of probability that is still believed to be credible, the selection of MCA is somewhat arbitrary. In practice, the selection of accident scenarios representative for a MCA-Analysis is done on the basis of engineering judgement and expertise in the field of risk analysis studies, especially accident analysis. Major hazards posed by flammable storage can be identified taking recourse to MCA analysis. MCA analysis encompasses certain techniques to identify the hazards and calculate the consequent effects in terms of damage distances of heat radiation, toxic releases, vapour cloud explosion etc. A host of probable or potential accidents of the major units in the complex arising due to use, storage and handling of the hazardous materials are examined to establish their credibility. Depending upon the effective hazardous attributes and their impact on the event, the maximum effect on the surrounding environment and the respective damage caused can be assessed. Figure- 3.2 depicts the flow chart for MCA analysis. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 134

170 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand As an initial step in this study, a selection has been made of the processing and storage units and activities, which are believed to represent the highest level or risk for the surroundings in terms of damage distances. For this selection the following factors have been taken into account: Type of compound viz. flammable or toxic; Quantity of material present in a unit or involved in an activity; and Process or storage conditions such as temperature, pressure, flow, mixing and presence of incompatible materials. In addition to be above factors, the location of a unit or activity with respect to adjacent activities is taken into consideration to account for the potential escalation of an accident. This phenomenon is known as the Domino Effect. The units and activities, which have been selected on the basis of the above factors, are summarized; accident scenarios are established in hazard identification studies, while effect and damage calculations are carried out in Maximum Credible Accident Analysis Studies Methodology Following steps are employed for visualization of MCA scenarios: Chemical inventory analysis; Identification of chemical release and accident scenarios; Analysis of past accidents of similar nature to establish credibility to identified scenarios; and Short-listing of MCA scenarios Common Causes of Accidents Based on the analysis of past accident information, common causes of accidents are identified as: Poor house keeping; Improper use of tools, equipment, facilities; Unsafe or defective equipment facilities; Lack of proper procedures; Improvising unsafe procedures; Failure to follow prescribed procedures; Jobs not understood; Lack of awareness of hazards involved; Lack of proper tools, equipment, facilities; Lack of guides and safety devices; and Lack of protective equipment and clothing. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 135

171 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Failures of Human Systems An assessment of past accidents reveal human factor to be the cause for over 60% of the accidents while the rest are due to other component failures. This percentage will increase if major accidents alone are considered for analysis. Major causes of human failures reported are due to: Stress induced by poor equipment design, unfavourable environmental conditions, fatigue, etc. Lack of training in safety and loss prevention; Indecision in critical situations; and Inexperienced staff being employed in hazardous situations. Often, human errors are not analyzed while accident reporting and accident reports only provide information about equipment and/or component failures. Hence, a great deal of uncertainty surrounds analysis of failure of human systems and consequent damages Maximum Credible Accident Analysis (MCAA) Hazardous substances may be released as a result of failures or catastrophes, causing possible damage to the surrounding area. This section deals with the question of how the consequences of the release of such substances and the damage to the surrounding area can be determined by means of models. It is intended to given an insight into how the physical effects resulting from the release of hazardous substances can be calculated by means of models and how vulnerability models can be used to translate the physical effects in terms of injuries and damage to exposed population and environment. A disastrous situation is general due to outcome of fire, explosion or toxic hazards in addition to other natural causes, which eventually lead to loss of life, property and ecological imbalance. Major hazards posed by flammable storage can be identified taking recourse to MCA analysis. MCA analysis encompasses certain techniques to identify the hazards and calculate the consequent effects in terms of damage distances of heat radiation, toxic release, vapour cloud explosion etc. A host of probable or potential accidents of the major units in the complex arising due to use, storage and handling of the hazardous materials are examined to establish their credibility. Depending upon the effective hazardous attributes and their impact on the event, the maximum effect on the ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 136

172 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand surrounding environment and the respective damage caused can be assessed. The MCA analysis involves ordering and ranking of various sections in terms of potential vulnerability. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 137

173 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand START PLANT VISIT DATA COLLECTION PROCESS DESCRIPTION PROCESS CONTROL LOOPS PRI/PFD OPERATING MANUAL START UP/SHUT DOWN PLOT PLAN METEOROLOGICAL DATA PAST ACCIDENTS DATA ALL RELEVANT PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL DATA OF CHEMICALS INVOLVED SELECT THE SECTION SELECT THE UNIT CLASSIFY VESSEL/EQUIPMENT OR PIPELINE INVENTORY ANALYSIS IS THE SD (EEC) APPLICABLE YES COMPARE QUANTITY - 50 NO CALCULATE EFFECT IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARD PRONE IS FE/FET IN SEVERITY? ADOPT CHECK LIST YES CONSEQUENCE CALCULATION PLOT DAMAGE DISTANCE Fig. 7.1 Flow chart for Maximum Credible Accident Analysis ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 138

174 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand RELEASE OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL BLEVE INSTANTANEOUS LIQUID CONTINUOUS FLASH TWO PHASE FLOW VAPOUR IGNITION FIRE YES NO IGNITION DISPERSION VAPOUR CLOUD PRESSURES WAVE HEAT RADIATION HEAT RADIATION PRESSURES WAVE EFFECTS Fig. 7.2 Steps in Consequence Analysis ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 139

175 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 7.11 Risk Analysis Properties of Materials Handled Petroleum products like, Motor Spirit (MS), Superior Kerosene Oil (SKO), and High Speed Diesel (HSD) shall be handled in the Terminal. All these products are a combination of hydrocarbons and are highly inflammable. Motor Spirit is a class-a type petroleum liquid (Flash Point <23 o C), Superior Kerosene and High speed diesel are of Class B type (Flash point between 23 o C and 55 o C) according to convention. The products, when spilled from the containment will cause fire if they get a contact with an ignition source. Incomplete combustion of these hydrocarbons may generate carbon monoxide, which may cause toxicity as well as explosion. However, fire is the main hazard. Lower the flash point, higher is the possibility of ignition and hazard. The light hydrocarbons will evaporate from these petroleum oil liquids, which may catch fire if they get into contact with an ignition source. Properties of the products handled are given in Table 7.4. Table 7.4 Properties of Liquid Handled Properties Products MS SKO HSD MS (Xtra) ETHANOL 1. Boiling point, o C (range) Density at 15 o C Flash point, o C <18 >35 >32 <18 <13 4. Vapour press. At 38 o C (Kg/Cm 2 abs) at 25 0 C 5. Heat of combustion , ,700 18,800 BTU/LB KJ/Kg 6. Auto ignition temp o C LFL (% V/V) UFL (% V/V) Hazards of Equipment/Pipeline Handling Petroleum Products The hazard of equipment/pipeline handling petroleum products is the potential loss of integrity of the containment with subsequent release of liquid causing fire. The pipelines carry large quantities of petroleum liquid. A rare pipeline fracture would release large quantities of hydrocarbons. The product would get collected in the neighbourhood of the pipeline and may lead to a fire hazard if it gets source of ignition and proper precautions are not taken. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 140

176 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Catastrophic failure of the shell of a storage tank is a very rare phenomenon, which may occur due to earthquake or due to aerial bombardment during war. However, vapour coming out through the vent line of fixed roof tank or through vapour seal around the shell in floating roof tanks may be ignited through lightning. However, such cases are also very rare. In such cases the whole tank may be on fire. Corrosion in the tanks may cause small holes causing release of petroleum liquid from the tanks. However, in such cases the oil will be contained in the dyke. In case of oil spill collected on ground an oil pool will be formed. An ignited pool of oil is called Pool Fire. It creates long smoky flames. The wind may tilt the flame towards ground causing secondary fires and damages. Radiation from the flame can be very intense near the fire but falls off rapidly beyond 3-4 pool diameters. Such fires are very destructive within the plant area and near the source of generation. In case of formation of small holes on the above ground pipeline the liquid may escape in the form of jet and may catch fire if it gets an ignition source. Damage due to heat radiation from such jets is mostly limited to objects in the path. However, the ignited jet can impinge on other vessels and the pipelines causing domino effect Brief Review of Safety Related Facilities Because of the inherent hazard potential of the petroleum products to be handled in the installation, due care is required to be taken in the design and installation of the storage tanks, pipelines and other associated facilities e.g. i) Well established code of practice in design and installation. ii) Well planned layout (as per guidelines of OISD 118). iii) Provision of weather resistant painting for protection of exposed areas of pipelines, valves and equipment. iv) Provision of dykes and fire walls around storage tanks. v) Well planned Fire Fighting Facilities. vi) Well established organisation entrusted for design, inspection & erection of the facility. vii) Well trained manpower for operation and maintenance. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 141

177 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fire Fighting Facilities (i) Fixed Fire Fighting Facilities: Well planned Fixed Fire Fighting Facilities have been considered in the installation e.g. a) Fire Hydrants and Monitors Fire Hydrants and monitors shall be provided around the dyke walls of storage tanks. They will also be provided for Pump Manifold, Pump Bay & Road Tanker Loading gantry. Layout of fire hydrants & monitors and isolation valves have been made in such a way that Fire Tenders can approach to put out fire in any possible area. b) Spray Protection system Storage tanks containing motor spirit shall be provided with water sprinkler system. Perforated spray water pipes shall be provided around the shell of the storage tanks and shall be located at the top of the shell. Fire Fighting Systems has been designed as per guidelines of OISD-117 and TAC rules. (ii) Portable Fire Fighting Apparatus Following types of Fire Extinguishers and other fire fighting apparatus shall be provided in vulnerable areas of the plant, administrative block, control Room, Fire Water Pump House. MCC etc. as per OISD guidelines. S.No. Type of Area Portable Extinguishers (i) Storage of Class-A/B products 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for 100 m 2. In packed containers and stored In open/closed area (ii) Pump House upto 50 HP 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for 2 pumps (Class - A & B) Above HP 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for each pump.beyond 100 HP 2 nos. 10 Kg. or 1 no. of 25 Kg. DCP for each pump. Pump House upto 50 HP 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for every 4 (Class C) pumps upto 50 HP Above 50 HP 2 nos. 10 Kg. DCP or 1 x 25 KG DCP for 4 pumps. (iii) Tank Truck loading and unloading 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for every 2 Bays for POL/speciality products and 1 no. 75 Kg. DCP mobile unit ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 142

178 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand for each gantry. (iv) Tank Wagon loading and 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for every 50 m unloading gantry (siding) length and 1 no. 75 Kg. DCP mobile unit in each siding. (v) Above ground Tank Minimum 2 nos. 10 Kg. DCP or 1 x 25 Kg. DCP per tank and 4 x 75 Kg. or 6 x 50 Kg. DCP mobile unit per installation. Underground Tank Farms 2 nos. 10 Kg. DCP or 1 x 25 Kg. DCP (vi) Fire Pump House 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for every 2 pumps. (vii) Admn. Building / Store House 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for 200 m 2. (minimum 1 x 10 Kg. DCP on each floor) (viii) Generator Room upto 250 KVA 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP and 1 no. 4.5 Kg. CO 2 for every Generator Above 250 KVA 2 nos. 4.5 Kg. & 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP (ix) Main Switch Room 1 no. 4.5 Kg. CO 2 for every 25 m 2 (x) Computer Room/Cabin Halon / Its proven equivalent 2 nos. 0.6 / 1 Kg. for 50 m 2 or 1 no. per Cabin whichever is higher (xi) Security Cabin 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP (xii) Canteen 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for 100 m 2 (xiii) Laboratory 1 x 10 Kg. DCP & 1 x 4.5 Kg. CO 2 (xiv) Effluent Treatment Plant 1 nos. 75 Kg. & 2 nos. 10 Kg. DCP Extinguisher (xv) Workshop 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP & 1 no. 2 kg. CO 2 Extinguisher (xvi) Transformer 1 no. 6.8 Kg. CO 2 Extinguisher (xvii) UPS / Charger Room 1 no. 2 Kg. CO 2 Extinguisher ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 143

179 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Safety Valves To prevent building of pressure and consequent damage two numbers of pressure vacuum valves shall be provided on the roof of MS tanks to release pressure Risk Assessment Introduction The Jasidih Terminal of M/s IOCL, which includes the facilities for receipt, storage and despatch of petroleum products mainly poses fire hazard due to unwanted and accidental release of hydrocarbons. However, due safeguard is being taken in design, installation and operation of the system to prevent any unwanted release of hydrocarbons from their containment. However, in the event of release of hydrocarbons from their containment, there is a risk of fire. The chances of explosion are less. This section deals with various failure cases leading to various hazard scenarios, analysis of failure modes and consequence analysis. Consequence analysis is basically a quantitative study of hazard due to various failure scenarios to determine the possible magnitude of damage effects and to determine the distances up-to which the damage may be affected. The reason and purpose for consequence analysis are manifolds like - Computation of risk. Aid better plant layout. evaluate damage and protective measures necessary for saving properties & human lives. Ascertain damage potential to public and evolve protective measures. Formulate safe design criteria and protection system. Formulate effective Disaster Management Plan. The results of consequences analysis are useful for getting information about all known and unknown effects that are of importance when failure scenarios occur and to get information about how to deal with possible catastrophic events. It also gives the plant authorities, workers, district authorities and the public living in the area an understanding of the hazard potential and remedial measures to be taken. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 144

180 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Modes of Failure There are various potential sources of large/small leakages in any installation. The leakages may be in the form of gasket failure in a flanged joint, snapping of small dia pipeline, leakages due to corrosion, weld failure, failure of loading arms, leakages due to wrong opening of valves & blinds, pipe bursting due to overpressure, pump mechanical seal failure and any other sources of leakage Damage Criteria The damage effect of all such failures mentioned above are mainly due to thermal radiation from pool fire or jet fire due to ignition of hydrocarbons released since the petroleum products are highly inflammable specially Motor Sprit oil whose flash points is low. The petroleum products released accidentally due to any reason will normally spread on the ground as a pool or released in the form of jet in case of release from a pressurised pipeline through small openings. Light hydrocarbons present in the petroleum products will evaporate and may get ignited both in case of jet as well as liquid pool causing jet fire or pool fire. Accidental fire on the storage tanks due to ignition of vapour from the tanks or due to any other reason may also be regarded as pool fire. Thermal radiation due to pool fire or jet flame may cause various degrees of burns on human bodies. Also its effect on inanimate objects like equipment, piping, building and other objects need to be evaluated. The damage effects due to thermal radiation intensity are elaborated in Table Table 7.5 Damage Due to Incident Thermal Radiation Intensity Incident Thermal Radiation Intensity Type of Damage KW/M Can cause heavy damage to process equipment, piping, building etc Maximum Flux level for thermally protected tanks Minimum energy required for piloted ignition of wood. 8.0 Maximum heat flux for uninsulated tanks. 4.5 Sufficient to cause pain to personnel if unable to reach cover within 20 sec. (First Degree Burn). 1.6 Will cause no discomfort to long exposure. 0.7 Equivalent to solar radiation. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 145

181 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 7.6 Physiological Effects of Threshold Thermal Doses Dose Threshold KJ/M 2 Effect 375 3rd Degree Burn nd Degree Burn st Degree Burn. 65 Threshold of pain, no reddening or blistering of skin caused. 1st Degree Burn 2nd Degree Burn 3rd Degree Burn Involve only epidermis, blister may occur; example - sun burn. Involve whole of epidermis over the area of burn plus some portion of dermis. Involve whole of epidermis and dermis; subcutaneous tissues may also be damaged. In case of motor spirit having relatively higher vapour pressure, there is a possibility of vapour cloud explosion. Damage effects due to blast over pressure is given in Table 7.7. Table 7.7 Damage Effects Due to Blast over Pressure Blast Over Pressure (Bar) Damage Type 0.30 Major Damage to Structures 0.17 Eardrum Rupture 0.10 Repairable Damage 0.03 Damage of Glass 0.01 Crack of Windows Dispersion and Stability Class In calculation of effects due to release of hydrocarbons dispersion of vapour plays an important role as indicated earlier. The factors which govern dispersion is mainly Wind Velocity, Stability Class, Temperature as well as surface roughness. One of the characteristics of atmosphere is stability, which plays an important role in dispersion of pollutants. Stability is essentially the extent to which it allows vertical motion by suppressing or assisting turbulence. It is generally a function of vertical temperature profile of the atmosphere. The stability factor directly influences the ability of the atmosphere to disperse pollutants emitted into it from sources in the plant. In most ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 146

182 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand (a) dispersion problems relevant atmospheric layer is that nearest to the ground. Turbulence induced by buoyancy forces in the atmosphere is closely related to the vertical temperature profile. Temperature of the atmospheric air normally decreases with increase in height. The rate of decrease of temperature with height is known as the Lapse Rate. It varies from time to time and place to place. This rate of change of temperature with height under adiabatic, or neutral condition is approximately 1 o C per 100 metres. The atmosphere is said to be stable, neutral or unstable according to the lapse rate is less than, equal or greater than dry adiabatic lapse rate i.e. 1 o C per 100 metres. Pasquill has defined six stability classes ranging from A to F A = Extremely unstable B = Moderately unstable C = Slightly unstable D = Neutral E = Stable F = Highly stable Selected Failure Cases The mode of approach adopted for consequence analysis is first to select the probable failure scenarios. The failure scenarios selected are indicated in Table 7.8. Sl. Failure Scenarios No. 1] Tanks on Fire i) MS Tank ii) SKO Tank iii) HSD Tank 2] Vessel connection failure for inlet / outlet lines of MS, SKO, HSD tanks 3] Gasket failure in pump discharge line SKO, MS and HSD (Road Tanker Loading Pump) 4] Failure of 3 dia loading arm (i) MS, (ii) SKO & (iii) HSD 5] Hole in pump discharge lines (25 mm) HSD, SKO & MS (Road Tanker Loading) Table 7.8 List of Failure Cases Likely Consequences Thermal Radiation Thermal radiation for MS, SKO & HSD and also explosion for MS Thermal radiation - do - Credible/ Non-credible Partially-Credible Partially-Credible Credible Partially-Credible - do - Credible ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 147

183 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 6] Mechanical seal failure for MS, SKO & HSD pumps for Tank truck loading 7] Ethanol pump discharge line full bore failure. Thermal radiation Thermal radiation Credible Non-Credible It will be seen that most of the probable cases of failures have been considered for Consequence Analysis Consequence Analysis Consequence Analysis of the selected failure cases have been done to evaluate and identify possible consequences as well as to incorporate suitable measures in operational phase to prevent and mitigate such failure events Storage Tanks on Fire Two numbers of floating roof tanks of capacity 4241 KL each and another additional one number of capacity 2212 KL for storage of Motor Spirit, 2 nos. for storage capacity of 5303 KL each and 2 nos. of 2604 KL each for H.S.D (Cone. roof) and 2 nos. of 938 KL and 1 no KL for SKO (Cone roof). 3 nos. of Ethanol Tanks (Underground) each of capacity 70 KL will be provided. In addition to dykes the tanks of different products will also be provided with fire wall around them. A floating roof tank is susceptible to fire hazard, if a static charge or a spark ignites the vapour being released from the rim vent, causing fire. Vapours coming out of vents of cone. roof tanks can catch fire by lightning. If the fire is not controlled at the initial stage it can lead to collapse of the roof and total liquid becomes exposed to fire. The hazard posed by such failure and subsequent fire is intense thermal radiation. The thermal radiation emanating from such tank fire can cause damage to nearby tanks and persons' in the vicinity. As per IP Code, thermally protected facilities and storage tanks can withstand a thermal radiation of 32 KW/M 2 while unprotected tanks and process facilities can withstand only upto 8 KW/M 2. Normal persons can withstand an intensity of 1.5 KW/M 2 for a long duration. A radiation intensity of 4.5 KW/M 2 can cause 1st degree burn if a man is exposed for more than 20 seconds. Hazard distances due to thermal radiation as a result of fires in storage tanks are shown in Table 7.9. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 148

184 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 7.9 Hazard Distances Due to Storage Tanks on Fire (All distances are from edge of the tanks) Incident Thermal Hazard distances (m) for Radiation KW/M 2 1F 2B 3D 5D MS TANK (DIA-20 M) 37.5 N R N R N R N R 32.0 N R N R N R N R HSD TANK (DIA-22.0 M) 37.5 N R N R N R N R SKO TANK (DIA-16 M) 37.5 N R N R N R N R NR = Not Reached It is seen from the above table that in case of tank fire for MS the hazard distance for thermal radiation level for 8 KW/M 2 will extend upto a distance of 14 m. In case of tank fire for HSD distances to 8 KW/M 2 is 14 m and for SKO tank distances to 8 KW/M 2 is 10 m. All MS tanks & HSD tanks of dia 22m shall be provided with foam pourer system & all MS tanks will be provided with water sprinkler system. It is also seen that the distances upto 8 KW/M 2 remain within the battery limit of the proposed installation. However, such tanks fires are very very rare. Also the vapour pressure of HSD and SKO being much low at atmospheric temperature, the chances of ignition of vapour are very low and practically nil Vessel connection failure for tank inlet/outlet lines All the storage tanks are having two lines (one inlet and another outlet) connected at bottom of the tank. Diameter of inlet/outlet lines from storage vessels are - 12"/14", 12"/10" and 12"/14" for MS Tank, SKO Tank and HSD Tank respectively. Such vessel connection failure is very rare i.e. 3x10-6. In case of failure of such nozzles liquid will spill inside the dyke and will form a pool. The liquid pool may get ignited ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 149

185 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand if the vapours come into contact with an ignition source. Hazard distances for 37.5 KW/m 2, 32 KW/m 2, 12.5 KW/ m 2, 8 KW/ m 2 and 4.5 KW/ m 2 are calculated and presented in Table Table 7.10 Hazard Distances Due to Pool Fire (All distances are from edge of the dyke) Incident Thermal Hazard distances (m) Radiation KW/M 2 1F 2B 3D 5D MS TANK NOZZLE FAILURE 37.5 NR NR NR NR 32.0 NR NR NR NR Incident Thermal Hazard distances (m) Radiation KW/m 2 1F 2B 3D 5D SKO TANK NOZZLE FAILURE 37.5 NR NR NR NR 32.0 NR NR NR NR HSD TANK NOZZLE FAILURE 37.5 NR NR NR NR 32.0 NR NR NR NR NR = Not Reached Ignition of the pool and pool fire will cause damage to tanks inside the dyke and nearby equipment/pipeline. As such action shall be taken immediately for covering the spilled liquid with foam compound. In case of fire a quick action is required to extinguish the fire to prevent damage. Another possibility is vapour cloud explosion for MS tank nozzle failure. The vapour from the pool may disperse in down wind direction along wind and may come into some ignition source causing vapour cloud explosion. The hazard distances for UVCE under different wind speed and stability classes for MS is given in Table ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 150

186 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 7.11 Hazard Distances Due to Unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion (MS) S. No. Wind Speed m/sec./stability Class Max. Distances (m) to overpressure of 0.3 bar 0.1 bar 0.03 bar 1. 1F B D D It is evident that in case of vapour cloud explosion heavy damage may occur in nearby equipment and structures. The overpressure distances may extend outside battery limit of the plant in the direction of wind flow. The overpressure distances of 0.3 bar (heavy damage) for MS extend upto 211 metres. However, since the failure probability is very low, the occurrence is very rare Gasket Failure in Pump Discharge Lines Gasket failure is one of the credible failure scenarios in a plant. The pump discharge lines diameters are 8" for MS, 10" for HSD and 8" for SKO. Failure area of 25% on the perimeter of the gasket for MS & SKO and 20% for HSD and 3 minutes release is considered before ignition as it is assumed that action will be taken for stopping the leakage by that time. Hazard distances for 37.5 KW/ m 2, 32 KW/ m 2, 8 KW/ m 2, 4.5 KW/ m 2 and 1.6 KW/ m 2 are calculated and presented in Table Table 7.12 Hazard Distances to Pool Fire Due to Failure of Gaskets In Pump Discharge Lines (All distances are from centre of the pool) Incident Thermal Hazard distances (m) Radiation KW/m 2 1F 2B 3D 5D MS PUMP GASKET FAILURE - Release Rate: 4.01 kg/sec SKO PUMP GASKET FAILURE - Release Rate: 4.36 kg/sec HSD PUMP GASKET FAILURE - Release Rate: 4.36 kg/sec. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 151

187 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 7.13 Hazard Distances to UVCE Due To MS Pump Discharge Line Gasket Failure Sl. Wind Speed Max. Distances (m) to overpressure of No m/sec./stability Class. 0.3 bar 0.1 bar 0.03 bar 1. 1F B D D It is seen that in case of failure of gaskets in pump discharge lines pool fire thermal radiation distances for 37.5/32 KW/ m 2 are 13/14 m, 11/13 & 13/14 m in case of MS, SKO and HSD respectively. For gasket failure in HSD line, the distances for target radiation of 8 KW/ m 2 and 4.5 KW/ m 2 are 49 m and 51 m respectively from pool centre and may go outside the Depot premises towards canal. In case of vapour cloud explosion for MS pump discharge lines the distances to 0.3 bar / 0.1 bar /0.03 bar extend upto a distance of 52 m / 63 m/ 67 m respectively. Hence, in case of any leakage immediate action has to be taken to prevent any fire/explosion and to put out the fire Snapping of 4 inches diameter loading arm for Tank Truck Loading Failure probability of 4 inches diameter loading arm is in the order of 3x10-8 per hour of operation. Although the probability is very low, however the failure scenario is taken for calculation of hazard distances due to failure of loading arm for different products. The consequences have been calculated for 3 minutes release as it is assumed that action will be taken by the operators for stopping the pumps and closing the isolation valves immediately within this period. Hazard distances for fire due to snapping of loading arm for different products are presented in Table ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 152

188 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 7.14 Hazard Distances to Pool Fire Due to Loading Arm Failure (All distances are from centre of the pool) Incident Thermal Hazard distances (m) Radiation KW/m 2 1F 2B 3D 5D MS LOADING ARM FAILURE - Release Rate: 12.6 kg/sec NR NR NR NR SKO LOADING ARM FAILURE - Release Rate: 16.2 kg/sec NR NR NR NR 32.0 NR NR NR NR HSD LOADING ARM FAILURE - Release Rate: 20.0 kg/sec NR NR NR NR 32.0 NR NR NR NR It is evident from the above table that in case of snapping of 4 inches diameter loading arm for Tank Truck Loading action has to be taken to stop leakage immediately as well as for prevention of fire. Table 7.15 Hazard Distances Due to Unconfined Vapour Cloud Explosion (MS) Wind Speed S. Max. Distances (m) to overpressure of m/sec./stability No. Class 0.3 bar 0.1 bar 0.03 bar 1. 1F B D D Creation of 25 mm dia hole in Pump Discharge Line Formation of hole in a pipeline is a credible phenomenon as corrosion may occur if proper protection is not taken. 25 mm dia hole has been chosen for risk analysis. Due to formation of 25 mm dia hole in pump discharge lines the liquid at high pressure will pass through the small opening in the form of jet. The jet of liquid may be ignited ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 153

189 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand if it comes into contact with any ignition source. The ignited jet may damage any object in its path causing subsequent fire and domino effect. Jet fire is possible in case of flammable liquids with relatively high flash point i.e. MS. Even if ignition of jet does not take place, the liquid will fall on ground and may cause "pool fire". Hazard distances due to pool fire for such release and ignition of the pool is presented in Table Table 7.16 Hazard Distances to Pool Fire Due to 25 MM Dia Hole of Pump Discharge Lines Incident Thermal Hazard distances (m) Radiation KW/M 2 1F 2B 3D 5D MS - Release Rate: 5.12 kg/sec SKO - Release Rate: 5.47 kg/sec HSD - Release Rate: 5.75 kg/sec Frequency of formation of 25 mm dia hole in 200 mm dia pipeline is 1.1x10-6 /m/year and the same for 250 mm dia pipeline is 9.2x10-7 /m/year. The distances for 8 KW/M 2 for MS, SKO and HSD due to leakage through 25 mm dia hole in Road Tanker loading pump discharge lines are 38 m, 54 m and 55 m respectively. Ignition of the pool and pool fire will cause damage to tanks and nearby equipment. As such action shall be taken immediately for covering the spilled liquid with foam compound. In case of fire a quick action is required to extinguish the fire to prevent damage. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 154

190 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 7.17 Hazard Distances to UVCE Due to 25 MM Dia Hole in MS Pump Discharge Line Wind Speed S. Max. Distances (m) to overpressure of m/sec./stability No. Class 0.3 bar 0.1 bar 0.03 bar 1. 1F B D D It is evident from the above table that the distance to heavy damage (0.3 bar) extends upto 62 m Pump Mechanical Seal Failure The frequency of failure of mechanical seal of centrifugal pumps specially handling light hydrocarbons is quite high and poses risk due to fire and explosion. Failure of seal releases considerable quantity of hydrocarbons into atmosphere and creates a hazardous zone. Present thinking is to adopt double mechanical seal especially for light hydrocarbon services. This helps in reducing their frequency of hydrocarbon releases to atmosphere but still contribute to a great extent to the overall risk of the plant. However, the type of seal, single or double, does not effect their release rate or the hazard distances. Hazard distances have been calculated for the pump mechanical seal failure. A shaft diameter of 40 mm and a seal gap of 1 mm for MS & SKO and 50 mm shaft diameter and 1 mm seal gap for HSD pump have been assumed for release rate calculation. The hazard distances to pool fire are given in Table 7.18 below: Table 7.18 Hazard Distances to Thermal Radiation Due to Pool Fire For Pump Mechanical Seal Failure Incident Thermal Hazard distances (m) Radiation KW/M 2 1F 2B 3D 5D MS PUMP - Release Rate: 0.72 kg/sec SKO PUMP - Release Rate: 0.74 kg/sec ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 155

191 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand HSD PUMP - Release Rate: 1.06 kg/sec The above table shows that the hazard distance of 1st degree burn i.e. 4.5 KW/m 2 may extend up to distance of 27 meters from centre of the pool for pool fire for pump mechanical seal failure Ethanol Pump Discharge Line Failure The Ethanol pump takes its suction from the Ethanol tank and pumps it for blending with MS. In case of Ethanol pump discharge line failure ethanol shall fall and spread on the ground.the spilled liquid forms liquid pool and catches fire resulting in pool fire. The results of the above consequence envisaged are presented here below in Table Table 7.19 Hazard Distances to Thermal Radiation Due to Pool Fire (b) For Ethanol Pump Discharge Line Full Bore Failure S. No. Thermal Load KW/m 2 Distance (m) from centre of the pool Release Rate: 2.57 kg/sec. 1F 2B 3D 5D From the above Table , it is evident that the distance to thermal radiation of 4.5 KW/m 2 extends to a distance of 35 meter in case of full bore failure in pump discharge line. It is also evident that distance to 1st degree burn i.e. 4.5 KW/m 2 remains confined within the factory boundary. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 156

192 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 7.14 RISKS AND Failure Probability The term Risk involves the quantitative evaluation of likelihood of any undesirable event as well as likelihood of harm of damage being caused to life, property and environment. This harm or damage may only occur due to sudden/ accidental release of any hazardous material from the containment. This sudden/accidental release of hazardous material can occur due to failure of component systems. It is difficult to ascertain the failure probability of any system because it will depend on the components of the system. Even if failure occurs, the probability of fire and the extent of damage will depend on many factors like: (a) (b) (c) (d) Quantity and physical properties of material released. Source of ignition. Wind velocity and direction Presence of population, properties etc. nearby. Failure frequency of different components like pipes, valves, instruments, pressure vessels and other equipment manufactured in India are not available nor any statutory authority has tried to collect the information and form an acceptable data bank to be used under Indian condition. Failure frequency data for some components accepted in U.S.A. and European Countries are given in Table Table 7.20 Failure Frequency Data S.No. Item Failure Frequency / 10 6 Years 1] Shell Failure (a) Process/pressure vessel (b) Pressurised Storage Vessel 2] Full Bore Vessel Connection Failure (Diameter mm) < >150. 3] Full Bore Process Pipeline Failure d <50 mm <d <150 mm... d >150 mm * 0.09 * 0.03 * ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 157

193 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 4] Articulated Loading / unloading arm failure 3x10-8 ** * Failure frequency expressed in (/m/10 6 years) ** Failure frequency expressed in (/hr of operation) 7.15 Recommendations & Conclusions The recommendations and conclusions as revealed from Risk analysis Study are as follows: (i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) The Individual Risk value of 1.0 E-6/year as evident from the Iso-Risk Contour (Drg. No. 2) is confined mainly within the plant premises. Hazard distances arrived from the consequence analysis also reveals that in most of the cases hazard is confined within the plant premises. Hence, installation of the Terminal of the place is safe from risk point of view. The fire fighting system for storage tanks shall be designed conforming to OISD norms. Fire hydrant network should be considered taking into consideration of additional cooling water required in addition to the tank on fire. Health check and maintenance of the equipment and pipelines should be done at regular intervals to avoid any major failure. Instruments and trip interlocks should be checked and calibrated at regular intervals to prevent any wrong signalling and consequent failures. Fire fighting system as well as portable fire-fighting appliances should be always kept in good working condition. Safety appliances should also be checked and kept in good working condition. Mock Drills should be conducted at regular intervals. To reduce the failure frequency due care has been taken in design, construction, inspection and operation. Well-established codes of practices will have been followed for design, inspection and construction of the facility. (viii) The installation should be operated by experienced personnel trained for (ix) (x) operation of such facility and also in fire fighting. Smoking should be strictly prohibited inside the installation. Non -sparking tools should be used for maintenance to avoid any spark. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 158

194 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand (xi) (xii) The storage tanks, pipelines and facilities in Tank Lorry Filling Shed should be properly earthed to avoid accumulation of static electricity. Vents in case of cone roof tanks should be provided with wire mesh. (xiii) Entry of personnel should be restricted inside the licensed area. (xiv) (xv) Good liaison should be maintained with outside organisation and District Administration, hospitals and nursing homes in the locality. A mutual aid agreement should be done with nearby industries, hospitals, nursing homes, so that help may be obtained in case of any major hazard DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP) The Disaster Management Plan (DMP) is prepared for meeting any emergency response in the event of fire accident, hazards etc., through the effective and optimum utilization of all the facilities inbuilt in the plant and available in the neighbouring areas as such. This plan has got two sub chapters, First chapter guides for meeting the On - Site Emergency and the Second chapter guides Off - Site Emergency. This off- site emergency response is prepared to ensure the participation of all the concerned civil agencies in and around this plant with a view to seek their preparedness in meeting such emergencies and to bring about a coordinated task force involving in district authorities. Fire service department, railways, factories inspectorate, electricity board and other protection forces available in similar type of industries meeting of all the above agencies is also the method of operation of On site Emergency Plan / Disaster Management Plan. Disaster management plan will have necessary scope for review of its effectiveness in its working and adapting to any new systems of further improving upon the implementation of the plan itself. The objective of any plant should be safe and trouble free operation and smooth production. This is ensured by taking precautions right from design stage i.e. design of plant, equipment/pipeline as per standard codes, ensuring selection of proper material of construction, well designed codes/rules and instruments for safe operation of the plant. Safety should be ensured afterwards by operating the plant by trained ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 159

195 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand manpower. In spite of all precautions accidents may happen due to human error or system malfunction. Any accident involving release of hazardous material may cause loss of human lives & property and damage to environment. Industrial installations are vulnerable to various natural as well as manmade disasters. Examples of natural disasters are flood, cyclone, earthquake, lightening etc. and manmade disasters are like major fire, explosion, sudden heavy leakage of toxic and poisonous gases and liquids, civil war, nuclear attacks, terrorist activities etc. The damage caused by any disaster is determined by the potential for loss surrounding the event. It is impossible to predict the time and nature of disaster, which might strike on undertaking. However, an effective disaster management plan i.e. pre-planned procedure involving proper utilization of in-house as well as outside resources helps to minimize the loss to a minimum and resume the working condition as soon as possible Statutory Requirement Disaster Management Plan is a statutory requirement for IOCL s Jasidih Terminal. The applicable regulations are: (a) Factories Act, 1948 and as amended (b) Manufacture, Storage and Import of hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989, notified under Environment Protection Act 1986 and amended in (c) Rules on Emergency Planning Preparedness and Response for Chemical Accidents, (d) Stipulations of OISD-168 (e) Public Liability Insurance Act, The Disaster Management Plan has been prepared based primarily on Schedule-11 of the rule, Manufacture, storage and Import of hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 and amended in Objective of Disaster Management Plan Disaster Management Plan is basically a containment, Control & mitigation Plan. The plan includes activities before disaster, during disaster and post disaster: The objective of disaster management plan is to formulate and provide organizational set up and arrange proper facilities capable of taking part and effective action in any emergency situation in order to: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 160

196 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand a) Brief the incident under control making full use of inside and outside resources b) Protect the personnel inside the depot as well as public outside. c) Safeguard the depot as well as outside property and environment. d) Carry out rescue operation and treatment of casualties. e) Preserve relevant records and evidences for subsequent enquiry f) Ensure rapid return to normal operating conditions. The above objectives can be achieved by 7.19 Definitions Disaster i) Proper identification of possible hazards and evaluation of their hazard potential and identification of maximum credible hazard scenario. ii) Arrange/augment facilities for fire fighting, safety, medical (both equipment and manpower) iii) Evolving proper action plan with proper organizational set-up and communication facilities as well as warning procedure. Disaster is a general term, which implies a hazardous situation created by an accidental release or spill of hazardous materials, which poses threat to the safety of workers, residents in the neighbourhood, the environment or property. Emergency Emergency condition and Disaster Condition are synonymous. ON-SITE Emergency/Disaster In an On-Site Emergency the effect of any hazard (fire/explosion/release of toxic gases) are confined within the factory premises. An accident taking place inside the depot and its effects are confined within the boundary wall. OFF-SITE Emergency/Disaster In case of any hazard inside IOCL, Jasidih Terminal the effects that are also felt outside the boundary wall Description of Industrial Activity Name and Address of the person furnishing the information Chief Terminal Manager Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (MD) Jasidih Terminal, Jasidih Industrial Area, Jasidih, Dist: Deoghar, Jharkhand ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 161

197 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand (a) Site Location The pipeline terminal is located in the village Badladih (Jasidih) in the district of Deoghar in Jharkhand. The Terminal is being set up on 27 acres of land owned by Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. (b) Population around Site There is no any major habitation within a radius of 1.0 KM of the factory. (c) Activities & Facilities A brief description the activities in Jasidih Terminal are: i) Receipt of the petroleum products e.g. Motor Spirit, SKO, and HSD shall be received through a pipeline tap-off from Haldia - Barauni pipeline near Jasidih. ii) Existing and proposed tankages details are as follows: A. Existing Tankages SR.NO. TAG. NORMAL TANK SIZE DIA X HT PRODUCT NO. CAPACITY TYPE CLASS 1 T m DIAx 14.5m HT MS 4241 KL FR A 2 T m DIAx 14.5m HT MS 4241 KL FR A 3 T m DIAx 14m HT MS 2212 KL FR A 4 T m DIAx 14m HT HSD 5303 KL CR B 5 T m DIAx 14m HT HSD 5303 KL CR B 6 T m DIAx 13m HT HSD 2604 KL CR B 7 T m DIAx 13m HT HSD 2604 KL CR B 8 T m DIAx 15m HT SKO 3006 KL CR B 9 T m DIAx 12m HT SKO 938 KL CR B 10 T m DIAx 12m HT SKO 938 KL CR B 11 T-111 3m DIAx 10.5m LONG ETHANOL 70 KL HOR. A 12 T-112 3m DIAx 10.5m LONG ETHANOL 70 KL HOR. A 18 T-113 3m DIAx 10.5m LONG ETHANOL 70 KL HOR. A 13 T m DIAx9m HT MS 500 KL FR A 14 T m DIAx 6.0 LG HSD 20KL U/G B TOTAL KLS 13 T m DIAx 15m HT WATER 5600 KL CR 14 T m DIAx 15m HT WATER 5600 KL CR SUB TOTAL KL B. Proposed Tankages & 4 bottom loading bays 15 T m DIA x20m HT HSD 9025 KL CR B ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 162

198 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 16 T m DIA x20m HT MS KL IFRVT A 17 T m DIA x 14m HT SKO 2100 KL CR B SUB TOTAL KL GRAND TOTAL KL iii) Pump House 10 Nos. electrical driven centrifugal pumps have been proposed in pump house for Road Tanker filling. Details of pumps provided are as follows: Product Service Type (Capacity LPM) Head (m) No. of Pumps MS Loading = 2 HSD Loading = 4 SKO (PDS) SKO (IND) Loading = 2 Loading = 2 Ethanol Mixing iv) Tank Lorry Filling / Tank Lorry Decantation Tank Lorries are filled in filling bay by pumping products from storage tank to filling bay. 12 Nos. of bays are provided. The discharge pipeline branches are connected to tank Lorries by loading arm through a flow control valve and flow meter. The tank Lorries are properly earthed before receiving the petroleum products Safety Related Utilities i) Water Fire water requirement is as per norms of OISD-117. Water Storage Facilities: As per OISD-117 (Two water tanks) Source of Water: Deep wells provided inside the depot. Fire hydrants/monitors shall be provided in all the vulnerable areas of the plant. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 163

199 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand All MS tanks & HSD tanks of dia 22m shall be provided with foam pourer system & all MS tanks will be provided with sprinkler system. ii) Power The terminal s power requirement is supplied by J.S.E.B. at 11 KV and Emergency power: DG Set Disaster Planning Modern approach to disaster management plan involves a) Risk analysis Study b) Action Plan Risk analysis study involves a) Risk Identification b) Risk Evaluation Risk identification involves i) Identification of hazardous events in the installation, which can cause loss of capital equipment, loss of production, threaten health and safety of employees, threaten public health and damage to the environment. ii) Identification of risk, important processes & areas to determine effective risk reduction measures. Risk evaluation involves calculation of damage potential of the identified hazards with damage distances (which is termed as consequence analysis) as well as estimation of frequencies of the events. Hazardous areas with different hazard scenarios and their damage potential with respect to fire & explosion have already been mentioned in earlier section. However, failure rate of different hazard scenarios has been discussed broadly based on data available for similar incidents outside India. Probability of any hazardous incident and the consequent damage also depends on a) Wind speed b) Wind direction c) Atmospheric stability d) Source of ignition and also e) Presence of plant assets & population exposed in the direction of wind. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 164

200 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Action plan depends largely on results of risk analysis data and may include one or more of the following: a) Plan for preventive as well as predictive maintenance. b) Augment facilities for safety, fire fighting, medical (both equipment and manpower) as per requirements of risk analysis. c) Evolve emergency handling procedure both on-site and off-site. d) Practice mock drill for ascertaining preparedness for tackling hazards/emergencies at any time-day or night Identification of Hazards General Nature of Hazard In Jasidih Terminal petroleum products to be handled are highly inflammable and also have explosive properties. Any small fire in the installation, if not extinguished at early stage can cause large scale damage and may have a cascading effect. Hence the terminal requires. a) A quick responsive containment and control system requiring well planned safety and fire fighting system. b) Well organized trained manpower to handle the process equipment & systems safely. c) Well trained personnel to handle safety and fire fighting equipment to extinguish fire inside the installation promptly as well as tackle any type of emergency. d) Well planned Disaster Management Plan Hazardous areas of the Plant The plant activities handling petroleum products can be subdivided into the following: Activities Place a) Receipt of petroleum products i) Pipeline Manifold. b) Petroleum products storage i) Tank Farm Area c) Petroleum products pumping i) Pump House d) Dispatch of petroleum products i) Road Tanker Loading Bay Hazard Scenarios and effects This has been discussed in detail in the Chapter on Risk Analysis. However, a brief outline is given in the following table: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 165

201 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand S.No. Scenarios Effect/Effect Distances 1. Tank on Fire. Fire in any one storage tank can damage the tank as well as other tanks in the immediate vicinity and may have a cascading effect. 2. Vessel connection Failure / Catastrophic Failure of Storage Tank. 3. Gasket Failure in Pump Discharge Line. 4. Hole in Pump Discharge lines. 5. Failure of loading Arm. 6. Mechanical seal failure of pumps. 7. Ethanol pump discharge line FB failure. Can cause fire damaging all the tanks if the fire is not tackled immediately. Explosion can occur due to failure of MS tank nozzle failure/ms tank catastrophic failure. Can cause pool fire/jet fire and explosion, damaging adjoining pipelines, tanks and other properties. Can cause pool fire/jet fire and explosion, damaging adjoining pipelines, tanks and other properties. Can cause fire/explosion damaging the trucks, pipelines and entire loading bay. Can cause fire damaging the pipelines and other pumps. Can cause pool fire/jet fire, damaging adjoining pipelines and other properties. All the scenarios are having damage potential to a different degree. However, maximum damage can happen due to storage tank pipeline connection failure or in case of tank fire. In all the above cases fire/explosion can occur due to ignition of the vapour of petroleum products coming out from the containment. The sources of ignitions may be (I) Hot work in the vicinity (ii) Smoking (iii) Lightning (iv) Generation of static electricity (v) Radiant heat from outside. (v) Deliberate ignition or sabotage Safety Related Components Provided in the Depot Safety Measures: Jasidih Terminal is being provided with safety related measures right in the design stage, which will minimize any accident e.g. i) Layout of the plant with sufficient safety distances. ii) iii) iv) Use of proper material of construction for equipment and piping Storage tanks provided inside a dyke wall with sufficient height. All MS tanks & HSD tanks of dia 22m shall be provided with foam pourer system & all MS tanks will be provided with water sprinkler system. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 166

202 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand v) Pumps shall be provided with mechanical seals to avoid spillage through gland. vi) All electrical items have been carefully selected and are either flame proof/ intrinsic safety type in licensed area. vii) Proper earthing of all storage tanks, pipelines, structures and trucks for filling/despatch of petroleum products. viii) Loading Arm shall be provided whose failure rate is much lower than loading hoses. ix) Provision of oil separation in Oil Separator for separation of oil to avoid any oily water going out of the depot or spoiling ground water. x) Arrangement of fire hydrants monitors and hose boxes have been kept in all the hazardous areas and fire water storage tanks. xi) Use of level indicators and level control measures with alarm system to ensure storage tanks are filled upto the desired level only. xii) Use of flow control devices and meters for tank truck filling to ensure that each compartment in the tank truck is filled to the desired level. xiii) Provision of portable fire extinguishers at vulnerable places to extinguish fire. xiv) The plant shall be properly guarded by a boundary wall of sufficient height. xv) Licensed area shall be properly guarded for any unauthorized entry of personnel. xvi) All areas in the depot shall be properly illuminated through lighting. Requisite numbers of High Mast Towers have been proposed around the depot for better illumination. xvii) Emergency Diesel Generator Sets are being provided to ensure operation and illumination during power failure. xviii) Emergency shutdown switch shall be provided to stop all operations. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 167

203 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Other Safety Measures Some of the preventive & pre-emptive measures which are to be taken during operational phase are as follows: a) Safety measures Following safety tips should always be borne in mind while working in the plant to avoid emergency & hazardous situation. i) Follow specified procedures and instructions for start-up, shut down ii) iii) iv) and any maintenance work. Follow permit to work system. Identify correctly the part of the plant in which work is to be done. Isolate the part, machine properly on which work is to be done. v) Release pressure from the part of the plant on which work is to be vi) done. Remove flammable liquid/gases thoroughly, on which work is to be done. vii) Use non-sparking tools. b) Plant Inspection Apart from planned inspection, checks and tests should be carried out to reduce failure probability of containments. i) Storage vessels and pipeline should be checked regularly during both ii) iii) iv) their construction and operational phase. Critical trips, interlocks & other instruments should be checked regularly to avoid fail danger situation. Fire fighting system should be checked regularly to ensure proper functioning during emergency situation. Proper lightning protection system should be provided and checked regularly to avoid lightning effect. c) Performance or Condition Monitoring A systematic monitoring of performance or condition should be carried out especially for large machines and equipment, which may be responsible for serious accidents/disaster in case the defined limits are crossed. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 168

204 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand i) Vibration, speed & torque measurements for pumps, DG sets etc. ii) Thickness and other flaw measurements in metals of storage vessels, Inlet & Outlet lines from storage vessels etc. Many types of non-destructive testing/condition monitoring techniques are available. X-ray radiography, acoustic emission testing, magnetic particle testing, eddy current inspection techniques etc. are used for detection of flaws and progression of cracks in metals. Testing equipments are also there for checking vibration, speed, torque etc. The above condition monitoring techniques should be applied regularly by internal/external agencies. Immediate corrective measures should be taken if any flaws are detected. d) Preventive Maintenance A schedule for preventive maintenance for moving machineries should be prepared based on experience in other similar plants as well as instruction of the suppliers. The schedule should be followed strictly during operation as well as planned shutdown period. e) Entry of Personnel Entry of unauthorized personnel is strictly prohibited inside the premises. The persons entering the plant should not carry matches, lighters etc. f) Hot work Hot work should not be permitted except in-designated areas with utmost precaution and proper work permit Details of Fire Fighting Facilities Modern fire fighting facilities shall be provided in the depot in line with norms of OISD. i] Fire Hydrant System ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 169

205 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand The entire TERMINAL area shall be provided with a looped fire hydrant pipeline connected to fire engines on auto system and always kept under pressure to meet emergencies. Two numbers of fire water storage tanks (adequate capacity) shall be provided, which are kept full and take care of fire fighting requirement for four hours. The source of water shall be tube wells provided inside the depot. The fire hydrant line shall be equipped with required numbers of single/double headed hydrant valves, monitors and hoses. The system can also be connected to foam making branches for generating foam for extinguishing the fire. ii] iii] Sprinkler System Water sprinkler system with spray nozzles have been proposed for three numbers of MS, SKO and HSD storage tanks for cooling the tanks if required. Portable Fire Fighting Equipment Following portable fire fighting equipment have been proposed in the plant as per OISD: Sl. No. Type of Area Portable Extinguishers i] Storage of Class-A/B products 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for 100 m 2. In packed containers and stored In open/closed area ii] Pump House upto 50 HP 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for 2 pumps (Class - A & B) Above HP 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for each pump. Beyond 100 HP 2 nos. 10 Kg. or 1 no. of 25 Kg. DCP for each pump. Pump House upto 50 HP 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for every 4 (Class C) pumps upto 50 HP Above 50 HP 2 nos. 10 Kg. DCP or 1 x 25 KG DCP for 4 pumps. iii] Tank Truck loading and unloading 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for every 2 bays for POL/speciality products and 1 no. 75 Kg. DCP mobile unit for each gantry. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 170

206 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand iv] Tank Wagon loading and 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for every 50 m unloading gantry (siding) length and 1 no. 75 Kg. DCP mobile unit in each siding. v] Above ground Tank Minimum 2 nos. 10 Kg. DCP or 1 x 25 Kg. DCP per tank and 4 x 75 Kg or 6 x 50 Kg. DCP mobile unit per installation. Underground Tank Farms 2 nos. 10 Kg. DCP or 1 x 25 Kg. DCP vi] Fire Pump House 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for every 2 pumps. vii] Admn. Building / Store House 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for 200 m 2. (Minimum 1 x 10 Kg. DCP on each floor) viii] Generator Room upto 250 KVA 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP and 1 no. 4.5 Kg. CO 2 for every Generator Above 250 KVA 2 nos. 4.5 Kg. & 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP ix] Main Switch Room 1 no. 4.5 Kg. CO 2 for every 25 m 2 x] Computer Room/Cabin Halon / Its proven equivalent 2 nos. 0.6 / 1 Kg. for 50 m 2 or 1 no. per Cabin whichever is higher xi] Security Cabin 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP xii] Canteen 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP for 100 m 2 xiii] Laboratory 1 x 10 Kg. DCP & 1 x 4.5 Kg. CO 2 xiv] Effluent Treatment Plant 1 nos. 75 Kg. & 2 nos. 10 Kg. DCP Extinguisher xv] Workshop 1 no. 10 Kg. DCP & 1 no. 2 kg. CO 2 Extinguisher xvi] Transformer 1 no. 6.8 Kg. CO 2 Extinguisher xvii] UPS / Charger Room 1 no. 2 Kg. CO 2 Extinguisher v] First Aid Jasidih Terminal have First Aid kits equipped with First Aid medicines as per factory act Emergency Control Centre & Shelter Room ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 171

207 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand The emergency control centre shall be situated in the office building. The office room of Terminal In-charge shall be designated as Emergency Control Centre. P&T telephones, Alarms, Emergency Control Manual and Safety and Personal Protective Appliances have been arranged in sufficient numbers and kept in the room. Emergency Shelter The room has been proposed outside the licensed area for giving shelter to employees/other personnel who are not involved in emergency control actions Alarm and Communication System a] Alarm System i] Electrical Sirens and Hand Sirens shall be provided in office building/emergency Control Room and other vulnerable areas like Tank Farm Area, Pump House, Receipt Manifold, TLF for warning the public as well as employees inside. ii] The sound of electrical siren shall be audible upto 3 KM. iii] For fire condition electrical siren will be wailing for minimum 2 minutes and for all clear signal it will be a straight run siren for 2 minutes. iv] For disaster condition the wailing sound shall be repeated with a minimum 10 seconds gap. b] Communication System For communication with officers/employees page phone services, manual call points and intercom services shall be provided with sufficient nos. of P&T telephones at different places including Sr. Depot Manager s room for communication with other agencies Mutual Aid It is not possible to combat large scale fire/disaster single handed effectively by any organization. Assistance of resources of fire fighting and other services are of utmost importance during the hour of crisis. Following type of mutual aids are envisaged: i] Assistance by fire fighting teams & equipment. ii] Medical and first aid assistance. iii] Assistance of vehicles for any emergency requirement. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 172

208 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand iv] Help in liaisoning with police, District Collectorate, Fire Brigade and Hospitals Disaster Control Plan The plan include three major plans i] Equipment Plan ii] iii] Organization Plan Action Plan Equipment Planning Equipment plan i.e. arrangement of fire fighting, safety, transport etc. has been discussed earlier Organization Plan The disaster management organization and action plan is made in such a way that it is capable of quick response at any time to meet emergency situation. The plan gives a detailed chain of command, area of responsibility of each personnel involved, information flow pattern and coordination activity required to meet the emergency. A typical Disaster Management Organization Chart is given below: INCIDENT CONTROLLE R, FIRE FIGHTING CHIEF EMERGENCY CONTROLLER SITE EMERGENCY CONTROLLER INCIDENT CONTROLLER, SECURITY INCIDENT CONTROLLER, RESCUE, EVACUATION, TRANSPORT INCIDENT CONTROLLER, MEDICAL AID, WELFARE Chief Emergency Controller Chief Emergency Controller is the person to head the group during emergency situation. Generally chief of the installation e.g. Terminal In-charge shall be the Chief Emergency Controller. In his absence next man in the hierarchy or any designated officer shall take charge. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 173

209 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Chief Emergency Controller is the ultimate authority in directing emergency operations. He will be assisted by other incident controllers i.e. i] Incident Controller - Fire fighting ii] Incident Controller - Security iii] Incident Controller - Medical Aid & Welfare iv] Incident Controller - Rescue, Evacuation, Transport & Welfare Main task of Chief Emergency Controller is to ensure that facilities are made available without any confusion. He also activates District Crisis Group/Local Crisis Group for necessary action during Pre Emergency and during emergency period. He shall be responsible for a] Essential communication & liaison with outside agencies. b] Fire fighting & rescue operations. c] Emergency plant shutdown and declare emergency. d] Demolition and repairs. e] Accident investigation. f] Ensuring safety of important records. g] Public relations for giving authoritative information to news media and others. h] Removal of casualties, giving information to their relatives & compensation i] Arranging medical aid for treatment of the injured. j] Bring back normalcy as early as possible. Site Emergency Controller He maintains close liaison between Chief Emergency Controller and other functional Incident Controllers and controls emergency at site. He coordinates with different team members to ensure that various activities are carried out promptly without any chaos. He acts as per guidance of Chief Emergency Controller and takes charge in absence of Chief Emergency Controller. The main functions of Site Emergency Controller are : i] Maintains close liaison with Chief Emergency Controller. ii] Controls operation depending on situation. Shut down loading and unloading operations and isolate storage area pipelines. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 174

210 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand iii] iv] Give alarm siren to warn all employees and public. Evacuate non essential persons to the designated place if required. v] Operate water sprinklers on storage tanks for cooling if fire is inside dyke or vi] nearby. Start fire fighting till arrival of designated fire fighting crew from inside and outside if necessary. vii] Initiate rescue operations and first aid to the injured person till the arrival of doctor and ambulance. viii] Notify adjacent factory authority and local administration. ix] Enforce entry of persons with authorized duties from outside with due care. Functions of other incident controllers are detailed below: Incident Controller Fire Fighting He will keep close liaison with Chief Emergency Controller. His main functions are i] Arrange and keep necessary appliances and supplies to combat emergency. ii] iii] iv] Guide the fire fighting people under his command and render technical assistance to combat fire/emergency. Establish barricade in the danger zone, if necessary. Keep liaison with fire fighting team coming from outside. Incident Controller Security His functions during emergency operation will be i] Check entry of unauthorized personnel inside the installation. ii] iii] iv] Control mob and spectators. Keep careful watch to prevent any further damage by sabotage. Help fire fighting controller to cordon affected area/danger zone. Incident Controller Rescue, Evacuation & Transport His functions are i] Plan and organize rescue and evacuation services and train team members both inside and outside if necessary. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 175

211 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand ii] Arrange vehicles, ambulance etc. for transfer of injured personnel to nearby hospitals, rural health centres and nursing homes as per instruction of medical assistance coordinator/designated doctor. Incident Controller Medical Aid & Welfare His functions are i] Designate doctors from outside who can be available during emergency and ii] iii] iv] keep liaison with them. Prepare plant dispensary under readiness for emergency. Call the designated doctor during emergency. Provide first aid to the injured and arrange to transfer them to nearby hospitals, other designated doctors depending on the gravity of the injury. v] Arrange food and shelter to the evacuated employees. vi] Inform relatives of the victims. In Jasidih Terminal in-charge shall control all activities with the help of officers, workers, clerical staff, casual workers and security staff. All of them shall be trained in fire fighting and use of safety appliances. In case of any leakage of petroleum products or fire anybody witnessing the same should take immediate necessary action to stop leakage and extinguish fire with the help of fire extinguishers as well as inform Terminal In-charge through page phone or through messenger or shouting. In case of any fire or explosion Terminal In-charge takes charge of the situation and controls it with a well organized plan. If any accident e.g. fire occurs during night, security personnel shall attend it and in case of emergency Terminal In-charge and others shall be informed / called from their residence Action Plan This gives guidelines to prevent, control and terminate an emergency and consists of three parts. a) Pre-emergency action b) Action during emergency c) Post emergency actions ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 176

212 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Pre-Emergency Actions These are essentially PRE-EMPTIVE AND PREVENTIVE measures and are extremely important. They include mock drills, checking of fire fighting facilities, keeping personal protective equipments in good condition in proper places, medical equipments, scheduled checking of safely devices, safety audits, preventive maintenance, good house keeping, training of employees, education to the public and liaison with State Fire Services, Police and district administration etc. Public Awareness In case of major accidents like large fire, explosion, effect of which may spread outside the plant boundary, people of the adjoining area may be panicky due to ignorance and may aggravate the problems. To avoid panic, the depot management will make easily understandable pamphlets in local language about the properties of petroleum products and actions to be taken by them during an Off-site Emergency. Training and education will also be imparted to the local public by audio-visual system with the help of local authorities. This will be done through Local Crisis Group consisting of District Administration. Mock Drills This is periodic simulation of emergency condition, sometimes in consultation with District Crisis Group/Local Crisis Group. The sequence of operation undertaken by Disaster Management Team members and systems provided like alarm & communication system, information flow pattern etc. are carefully put into operation by competent officials and the deficiencies/problems are recorded. Based on this observation appropriate actions are taken to improve the efficiency of the plan. Training of Employees Regular training will be conducted to educate the employees about safely, fire fighting and Disaster Management. A selected number will be given intensive training in first aid, evacuation and rescue operation so that they can be utilized as a part of Disaster Control Team. Liaison with Police, District Administration & State Fire Services & Neighbouring Industries ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 177

213 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Help of Police and District Authorities are essential for off-site Emergency such as evacuation, transportation and treatment of individuals etc. In case of On-Site Emergency help of Police, District Administration, local hospitals and also fire services at Deoghar district headquarter may be required depending on the severity of the situation. Pre-Emergency functions of Site Controller are mainly a) Ensure implementation of Emergency Planning b) Ensure that all drafted for emergency are undergoing regular training. c) Ensure all disciplines are fully prepared for tackling emergency. d) Ensure that simulation of emergency condition is regularly arranged. e) Ensure preventive and pre-emptive measures. f) Keep liaison with outside agencies, police, district authorities etc. Pre-Emergency functions of other Incident Controllers and their team are a) Keep all the team members ready for tackling emergency. b) Ensure that all members understand their specific duties during emergency. c) Ensure regular participation of their team in mock drills. d) Ensure supply of adequate number of safety & fire fighting equipment in proper place and in good working condition. Actions during Emergency Actions to be taken by Chief Emergency Controller and other Incident Controller have been discussed in the Organization Plan. In short the actions are: a) Declare Emergency by electrical siren. b) Instruct total/partial shutdown. c) Arrange the team for tackling emergency. d) Ask for outside help, if necessary. e) Keep liaison with outside agencies and provide authoritative information to news media and others. Post Emergency Actions These are directed towards termination of emergency, restoration of normalcy and rehabilitation. It also includes identification of victims, information to their next of ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 178

214 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand kin, notification to various government authorities, appointment of enquiry committee for identification of causes and suggestions to ensure that similar accident does not occur Disaster Combating Action Plan with Specific Reference to the Team As already stated number of officers and staff within plant are less and Terminal Incharge has to prepare the plan with available officers & staff only. a] During general shift on working days (Chief Emergency Controller) : Terminal In-charge Role: 1] Take overall charge of the situation. 2] Rush to the spot where fire/explosion has occurred. Issue instruction for speedy combating of the incident and preventing of damage to other areas. 3] Stop all operations locally/shut down complete plant. 4] Declare emergency and operate electrical siren to inform employees, authorities and public. 5] Inform nearby factory authorities over phone and ask for assistance. 6] Inform local Fire Brigade. 7] Inform higher authorities and seek assistance for coordination of civil authorities, Fire Tenders from State/other agencies. 8] Inform Chief Inspectorate of Factories & Boilers, Deoghar. b] Fire Combating Team In-charge : AM/DM (Operation) Assisted By : i] Operation Officer (Fire) ii] Section In-charge, TLF/TLD iii] Security Supervisor & Guards on duty. Role: On hearing Fire Alarm 1] Rush to the disaster spot and organize the team for combating fire as per direction of Chief Emergency Controller. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 179

215 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 2] Security supervisor to ensure starting of Fire Engine and pressurization of fire hydrant. 3] Pump House Operator to stop all pumps and close all valves of the pumps as well tank body valves and join the team. 4] Operator of TLF section to stop loading operations, remove loading arm properly and join the combating team as per directions of control room in-charge. Section In-Charge TLF/TLD to ensure the above and act for combating emergency as per direction of Chief Emergency Controller. c] Emergency Rescue Team In-charge : Operation In-charge Assisted By : Security Guards on duty Role: On hearing the Fire Alarm 1] In-charge to organize the team with office staff and other members as per direction of Chief Emergency Controller. If needed the In-charge should seek assistance of outside agencies. 2] Remove the injured from the spot after taking proper safety and personal protective appliances. 3] Arrange for First Aid of the injured and hospitalization, if necessary as per instruction of Chief Emergency Controller. d] Emergency Team (Transport & Security) In-charge : Operation Officer (OO) Assisted By : Security Supervisor & Guards on duty Role: 1] Stop entry of all unauthorized personnel. 2] Arrange transport for taking the injured personnel for hospital. 3] Seek assistance for vehicles/ambulance from outside agencies & hospitals nearby as per direction of Chief Emergency Controller. e] Emergency Auxiliary Team ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 180

216 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand In-charge : Accounts Officer Assisted By : One Security Guard Role: On hearing Fire Alarm- 1] In-charge to rush to spot, coordinate with team as per direction of Chief Emergency Controller and organize the team and be ready for further instruction. 2] Get all the operations in the field stopped and all tank valves to be closed. Electric mains to be switched off. 3] The electrician to get ready with Fire Proximity Suit and other life saving equipment for any need. 4] To ensures that half-filled T/Ts do not run away with product and documents. 5] Take control of all employees in the field other than fire combating team. 6] Team In-charge to ensure uninterrupted supply of all available fire fighting equipments and materials as well as water to the combating team. 7] To supplement/replace injured or exhausted combating team persons. f] Fire during night time and on Holidays In-charge : Shift In-charge Assisted by : Security supervisor on duty Security guards on duty Role: 1] Shift In-charge Security Guard on duty seeing the fire, will shout Fire Fire and shall need assistance from other guards on duty in different pockets and shall fight the fire with nearest available fire equipments. 2] Subsequently, Shift In-charge/Security Supervisor on duty will telephone to the residence of Terminal In-charge and Asst. Manager (OPS). 3] Immediately telephone to Deoghar Fire Brigade and Police Station for assistance. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 181

217 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 4] The Security Guards to control the gates and ensure that no unauthorized person enter the premises Role Orders for Disaster Combating Action Plan i] General Instructions (a) The In-charge of the section/sections (TLF) / Tank Lorry Decantation / (b) (c) (d) (e) Administrative Office etc. affected shall ensure to take immediate action to isolate, close valves and mobilize enough equipment from nearby places. In-charge of stores shall keep the list of equipment available at various locations and coordinate with auxiliary team in-charge who mobilises the materials. ii] Pump House Auxiliary team in-charge shall ensure replenishment of water to static water tanks from deep tube wells and nearby other sources. After actions, Stores-in-charge to take inventory of all fire fighting items and to indent the shortfalls. All those moving towards scene of incident shall move with fire fighting equipment available. Role Orders (a) (b) (c) Operator (Pump House) to stop all pumps. Close all valves including those of main tanks. Report combating team In-charge. iii] Administrative Block Role Orders (a) Section officers to ensure stop all loading operations. (b) All T/Ts go out of TLF bays in orderly manner after closing T/T valves and manhole covers. (c) Closing of all valves at TLF manifold. (d) TLF officer to report to Fire Combating Team. (e) Others to report to Auxiliary Team In-charge with available fire fighting equipment. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 182

218 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand iv] Generator Room Role Orders (a) (b) v] Stores Operator to remain in Generator House for instructions from Chief Emergency Controller. To switch off unwanted electrical connections as instructed by Chief Emergency Controller. Role Orders (a) (b) (c) (d) In-charge to keep ready all fire fighting/first-aid/personal protective materials and arrange speedy disbursement to the ECT/ERT crews. To issue materials as per demand. To liaise among Controllers / in-charges. To make proper inventory of all items and shortfall to be identified as early as possible. vi] Security Guards on Duty Role Orders (a) (b) (c) To control the gate by allowing contract labourers to go out, ordering, moving out of vehicles as instructed by Terminal in-charge with valid documents. To prevent unauthorized entry of outsiders. Security Guard posted at the main entrance gate to ensure proper control of traffic so that approach road is not blocked. Other Security Guards posted other than the gates, to report to their in-charge for further instruction Action Plan for Specific Cases a) Fire/Explosion in TLF Shed Facilities: 8 nos. of Filling Bays with multi-product filling points. Products handled: MS, SKO & HSD Structure: Entire TLF structure shall be of elevated iron structures with proper roof, iron platforms and movable iron ladders with chains fixed to each bay. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 183

219 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Hazard Minimiser (a) TLF in-charge with his officers and staff (b) Fire Extinguishers (c) Fire Hydrant Points (d) Foam (e) Water Jet (f) Water Gel Blankets (g) Alarm (h) Combating as per disaster organisation chart Special References (a) Operate ESD Fire in filling shed should be attacked promptly with fire extinguishers. (b) Close all valves promptly. (c) Ensure orderly removal of TTs. (d) Stop spreading over of fire and call for help. (e) Put sand on small oil spills of fire to put off the fire by preventing source of O 2. (f) Apply foam on burning oil on the floor. Apply foam gently so as not to scatter the burning oil and spread the fire. Apply foam from one side of the fire and with the foam blanket from that side across the oil pool. Remember that water destroys foam and water streams must not be turn on fire which is blanketed with foam. (g) Apply water cooling to neighbouring T/Ts. (h) Remove records/documents to safe place. (i) When oil is burning under the truck and tank is not leaking, remove the truck away from fire, if possible or cover the oil with sand. Use water to cool the tank truck. (j) Use foam or sand to fight fire around engine, raise the hood direct the stream of fluid at the base of fire. (k) Use water or foam to fight fire in the cabin. (l) Use water to fight fire on the tires. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 184

220 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand (m) Whenever the leak is seen in the bottom of tank, try to fill water into the tank so that oil level will be above the leak. (n) In case of dome fire, close the dome cover immediately. b) Fire in Pump House Facilities: Building with sheet roof, electric power/diesel engine driven pumps. Hazard Minimiser (a) Staff members assigned to the pump house (b) Fire Extinguishers (c) Fire Hydrant Points (d) Foam (e) Water Jet (f) Water Gel Blankets (g) Main Switches in the Switch Room (h) Alarm (i) Fire Resistant Asbestos Suit Action Plan as per disaster organisation chart Special References- (a) Operate ESD. Discharge DCP to prevent fire from spreading. (b) Shut down the pumps by cutting off power supply. (c) Remove any person who is working in the manifold. (d) Close all tank wagon valves and manifold valves. (e) Put foam on burning oil spills. (f) Put foam on burning oil spills. Do not splash burning oil. (g) Use DCP or CO 2 fire extinguisher on electrical fire. (h) Cool the manifold with water. (i) Wet down the structure close to the fire with water. (j) When burning oil is running from the pump house or out of a broken connection in the manifold, check the flow or direct it to the points where it will not endanger structures and the surrounding properties. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 185

221 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand c) Fire at small leak in pipeline 1] Fire at a small leak in pipeline must be attacked promptly with the nearest fire extinguishers. 2] Shut off the flow of oil in the line by closing valves and by stopping pumping. 3] Cover the oil pool with sand and build up the sand so as to cover the leak. 4] Put foam on the burning oil pool. 5] Build earth dykes around the oil pool to prevent spreading of burning oil. 6] Take care of the oil dropping from the leak even after extinguishing fire as fire may occur again due to heating of oil dropped. Try to collect the same in containers. 7] Wet down the adjacent structures to keep them cool. d) Bursting of Gasket / leakage through joints 1] Stop pumping. 2] Stop flow of oil through drain. Keep oil within limited area. 3] Close line valves. 4] Dig pits to collect oil. 5] Build earth dykes around the oil pool to prevent spreading of burning oil. 6] Take care of the oil dropping from the leak even after extinguishing fire as fire may occur again due to heating of oil dropped. Try to collect the oil in containers. 7] Wet down the adjacent structures to keep them cool. 8] Take action for replacement of gasket/repair leak with due care. e) Fire in electric Sub-station / Transformer Room / Switch Room Facilities: Hazard Minimisers (a) (b) HT OCB, HT Switch, FUSE UNIT TRANSFORMER: 450 KVA GENSETS, PANELS: 1X250 KVA, 1X75 KVA SWITCH ROOM, CONNECTION CABLES Generator operators and other employees Fire extinguishers ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 186

222 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand (c) (d) (e) (f) Sand buckets Main switches Alarm Earthing Action Plan as per disaster organisation chart Special Reference (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) f) Fire in Tank Farm Facilities: Cut off power supply by switching off the mains Apply DCP/CO 2 extinguisher or dry sand. Call for outside help if required. Do not allow anybody to touch any electrical appliances. Take action to prevent spreading of fire. If fire is not extinguished, extinguish by spreading water with fog nozzle only after ensuring complete isolation of electrical supply. Storage Tank: Floating Roof KL (3 nos.) - for MS Storage Cone Roof KL (2 nos.) Cone Roof KL (3 nos.) Hazard Minimiser (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) - for SKO Storage - for HSD Storage All employees particularly the employees of loading/receipt section Fire Extinguishers Fire Hydrant Points Foam Water Jet Water Sprinklers Asbestos Suit Alarm Disaster Combating Plan: As per Disaster Organization Chart Special Reference (a) Operate ESD ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 187

223 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand A fire burning at the vent will not normally flash back into tank and explode if the tank contains product since flame arrestors are provided. (b) Start cooling of tanks by using water sprinklers provided on tanks as well by wet jets. (c) Close all valves since any removal of product will result in air being sucked inside, with the resultant flash back and explosion. (d) Close manhole covers of other tanks if they are open. Also stop loading/receipt of oil in tank. (e) Use foam to extinguish fire. Small fire can be handled with portable fire extinguishers. (f) Call for help from outside agencies before fire is aggravated with the instruction of Chief Emergency Controller. g) Fire in Tank (a) Fire in tank will normally burn quietly till the oxygen inside is consumed unless temperature of the product is allowed to increase uncontrolled. Hence, care must be taken to ensure that product temperature does not go high by cooling with water sprinklers and jets. This also avoids possibility of tank rupture due to hydrostatic Pressure. (b) Care should be taken to ensure that the fire does not spread to other areas. If there is product spill to outside, foam should be used to cover the same. (c) In such cases, foam should be pumped inside the tank for blanketing the fire simultaneously taking action to cool the tank shell with water and also removing the product by pumping it out to some other tank. (d) Uncontrolled use of water on the burning product will result in product spill over and spread of fire. In the case of heavy ends this will result in boil over and frothing at the surface. (e) When heavy ends like HSD burn, a layer of hot oil is formed below the surface, which extends towards the bottom. Temperature of this layer is of the order of 250 degree C to 300 degree C much above the boiling point of water. When water turns into steam, it expands approx ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 188

224 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand times and this result in boil over. The boil over may overflow the tank resulting in spreading of fire. Hence, in case of such fires, cool down the tank by water sprinkler and also by continuous water jet on the tank shell, transfer the product to other tanks and judiciously use foam to smoothen fire. (f) In case of F/R tanks, fires normally occur at F/R seals. Efforts should be made to put foam in the correct place simultaneously cooling the tank shell from outside. (g) Do not waste foam by using it for cooling. (h) Usage of water also should be in a controlled manner so that maximum benefit can be obtained. h) Natural Calamities (i) High Wind Storms/Cyclones All structures/buildings in the depot have been designed to withstand cyclonic storms and hence not much of damage is anticipated. Action Plan (a) Switch of all industrial electrical connections. (b) Ensure immediate closing of oil/water separator outlet (conventional) if any tank collapse happens. (c) Inform Chief Emergency Controller. (d) Keep constant touch with local authorities District Magistrate and Police authorities. (e) Stop all operations and do not resume it till clearance is given by Chief Emergency Controller. (f) Bring all vehicles to a halt and ensure that hand brake is applied. (g) Evacuate persons from damaged buildings/structures. (h) Avoid going on Terminal of high structures/storage tanks. (i) After the cyclone has struck, assess the situation and take necessary action as per the direction of Chief Emergency Controller. (ii) Lightning ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 189

225 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand In the event of lightning strike, any of the following or all emergencies may occur: (a) Fire in the tanks Action Plan: Already described under the topic of tank fire. (iii) Floods There is no river near the depot and in case of heavy rains during rainy season the rain water gets cleared through the drainage provided. Although the depot is not expected to get flooded, some precautionary measures need to be taken to avoid any situation arising out of flood. Action Plan (a) Keep in touch with District Authorities (b) Keep main gate closed (c) Keep round the clock vigil and water level inside/outside the depot (iv) Earthquakes All buildings/equipment are designed to withstand earthquakes and therefore, major disaster is not expected. However in case of an earthquake of much heavier scale may lead to (a) Fall of structures/buildings (b) Subsequent fire/explosion (c) Release of petroleum products Action Plan: Already described under the topic of fire at various locations. k) Riots / Sabotage / War Action Plan (a) Close all gates. (b) Maintain tight security. (c) Chief Emergency Controller to keep contact with local authorities. (d) Keep round the clock patrolling. (e) Alert all employees of disaster control action plan and activate in case of requirement. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 190

226 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 7.28 Important Telephone Numbers D.C. Deoghar : (O) , (M) S.P. Deoghar : (O) (M) S.D.O. Deoghar : (O) (M) S.D.P.O. Deoghar : (O) Sadar Hospital, Deoghar : Fire Brigade, Deoghar : , 101 Deoghar Municipality : (O) (M) Deoghar Thana : 100, , (M) Jasidih Thana : ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 191

227 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand CHAPTER-8 PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 Introduction The demand for petroleum products is ever growing. Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) has proposed to set up proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays at Jasidih of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal reduce the gap in demand and supply of petroleum product in the area/region of Jharkhand. 8.2 Direct Benefits The proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays at Jasidih of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal, will yield following benefits: Provide continuity of petroleum product supply to the consumers through distributors in the area/region. 8.3 Improvement in the Social Infrastructure The proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays at Jasidih of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal will create opportunities for direct and indirect employment in the area. The proposed expansion of oil terminal will initiate local economic growth and thereby the potential to enhance quality of life of the local communities. 8.4 Employment Potential During construction of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays at Jasidih of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal, workers will deployed from nearby villages. The project activities will provide employment to persons of different skills and trades. The local population will be given preference depending on availability to employment of different categories during construction phase. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 192

228 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand During operational phase, about 28 people will get direct and many more indirect employment opportunity. Local people will get employment opportunity for security, house-keeping, maintenance, etc. at the plant and indirectly at proposed expansion of oil terminal of IOCL at Jasidih. 8.5 Other Tangible Benefits The proposed expansion of oil terminal of IOCL shall create tangible benefits as described below: Plant is located in Jaisidh Industrial Area. No separate land will be required during proposed expansion. Expansion is proposed within existing oil terminal of IOCL. The socio-economic impacts linked to the acquisition of land and structures will not appear in the project. During operation phase of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays at Jasidih of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal, no significant impacts on environment are anticipated. The proposed installation of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF bays at Jasidih of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal will generate direct and indirect employment opportunities mainly during the operation phase. Local semi-skilled and unskilled labourers will get direct employment in operation phase. This is a moderate positive impact of the proposed project. The proposed expansion of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) Terminal will meet the additional requirement of petroleum product in the area/region and continuity of supply of petroleum product uninterruptly in the area/region. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 193

229 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand CHAPTER-9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.1 Introduction Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is the key to ensure a clean & safe environment. A project may have taken proper pollution control measures, but without a proper management plan, the desired results may not be obtained. Environmental Management Plan is planning and implementation of various pollution abatement measures for any proposed project. It is required to ensure environmentally and ecologically sustainable developmental activities in the study area. Environment Management Plan (EMP) for construction and operation phase is required to ensure that mitigation of adverse impacts and strengthening of positive impact resulting from proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih. The objective of EMP is to identify the project specific environmental actions that will need to be undertaken, not only to mitigate impacts but also improve environmental aesthetics for the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL Terminal at Jasidih, Tehsil & District- Deoghar, Jharkhand. The Environment Management Plan (EMP) during the construction and operation phase endeavors to mitigate the adverse impacts and to encourage the positive benefits. Pollution expected during construction phase of proposed project is considerably insignificant. Environmental protection and improvement measures must be taken at design stage itself so as to minimize impacts during construction & operation phase of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih. The impact of the pollution during construction phase on the environment would be basically of transient nature and are expected to wear out gradually on completion of the construction phase. However, once the construction job related to the proposed units is completed and operation of units started, the operation stage impacts would overlap the impacts due to the construction activities. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 194

230 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand The Management Action Plan aims at controlling pollution at the source level to the possible extent with the best techno-economically feasible and available methodology before they are discharged. 9.2 Physical Environment Soil At proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih, necessary mitigation measures will be taken to protect soil from contamination. All the construction derbies, metal cuttings and other construction wastes will be collected and disposed suitably as soon as construction is over. Solid waste collection bins will be placed at the site. Housekeeping at construction site will be maintaining properly. During operation phase, housekeeping and cleanliness at IOCL Terminal will be maintained properly. Approx 15 kg day municipal wastes (paper plastic, food wastes, etc) will be generated, which will be collected and segregated. Recyclable wastes like paper and plastic wastes will be sent for recycling. Biodegradable wastes like food and vegetable wastes will be disposed compost pit. Nonbiodegradable and non- recyclable wastes will be sent to common landfill site. From the maintenance of DG sets, 300 litres used oil is generated, which is categorized as hazardous wastes and handed over to JSPCB/MOEF&CC authorized used oil recyclers Water Quality During construction phase, small quantity of sewage will be generated by construction labourers at the site. This impact will be temporary in the nature and restricted to the construction site only. Proper sanitation facilities will be provided to construction labourers at the site during construction phase. To avoid high turbidity in runoff, excavation of foundations for additional storage tankages and other equipment will be carried out during dry season. Construction debris will be collected and disposed properly daily basis. Sanitary facilities for workers will be provided. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 195

231 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Waste Water Generation and Treatment During operation phase, proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih will not generate any process effluents. Waste water generated from toilets, wash rooms, canteen, oily waste water from storage, pumping and filling, oil spilled in pumping, loading and storage areas. Approx. 4.0 kld domestic waste water/sewage will be generated from the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih, Sanitary Waste Water from toilets, canteen and wash rooms will be treated in septic tanks and disposed in soak pits. Waste Water generated during mock fire drills and precipitation will be passed through Oil Water Separators (OWS). The treated wastewater will be utilized quantitatively for rain water harvesting, for which a rain water harvesting system shall be provided in the storm water drain. The oil free wastewater shall be quantitatively used for irrigation of green belt, firewater make-up etc. During normal operation, no wastewater would be discharged in storm water drain. In upset conditions such as rainy season, the treated wastewater shall be discharged in to the Nallah which passes adjacent to the proposed site. The drainage pattern of the Nallah is from south to north. Oil water separators have been provided for Tank Farm, TLF Gantry & Pump House, and the Main Drain. The storage tanks, the pump house and the TLF areas have been provided with enclosure walls to retain any spillage, washing, fire water or rain water within the walls. Waste Water from these areas will be fed to Oil-water separators. The dimensions of the various components of the oil water separator have been worked out for the desired capacities. The over-flow of the ground water recharging system shall be sent to deep tube well for recharging of ground water table. The wastewater management philosophy will be based on Zero Discharge concept at the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih. Municipal wastes (paper plastic, food wastes, etc) generated from additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih will be collected and segregated. Recyclable wastes like paper and plastic wastes will be sent for recycling, while biodegradable wastes like food and vegetable wastes will be disposed in ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 196

232 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand compost pit. Non-biodegradable and non- recyclable wastes will be sent to common landfill site. Used oil (300 litres) will be generated from the maintenance of DG sets and same will be handed over to JSPCB/MOEF&CC authorized used oil recyclers Ambient Air Quality Meteorology The meteorology of the area is not likely to be affected due to construction and operation phases of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih. Therefore, no management plan is required Air Environment During construction phase, a certain amount of dust and gaseous emissions will be generated due to vehicular movement and construction equipment at construction of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih. This will marginally deteriorate the ambient air quality of the site but the effect will be of temporary nature and will be diminished once construction work is over. Nonetheless, necessary precautions shall be adopted to check this problem. For reduction of dust generation at the site, dust suppression by means of water sprinkling will be followed during construction phase. Some gaseous emissions are also anticipated during the welding of metal sheets during the fabrication of takanges at the site. These emissions will be dispersed in to atmosphere within the short distance from fabrication activities. Further, welders will be provided with suitable personnel protective equipment to protect them from the toxic welding fumes. During operation phase, there will not be any continuous source of air emission from proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih. DG Sets will be used in case of power failure for operation of equipment, control systems and safety equipment. As the DG sets will operate for a shorter duration, impact of stack emissions will be minimal. However, to control excess emissions from DG sets, periodical maintenance schedule provided by manufacturer shall be strictly adhered to. A proper operation of DG sets as per Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) will check generation of excess ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 197

233 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand emissions. Emissions from DG sets will be discharged into the atmosphere through an exhaust vent of appropriate height as per the guideline of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB). At proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih, small quantity of fugitive emissions of hydrocarbon vapours may find its way into atmosphere through valves, flanges and during filling. These emissions are expected to disperse into atmosphere soon after it comes out and the relevant impact on environment shall be short term. The receipt, storage and tank lorry filling operations will be carried out under closed circuit and leak proof system. At loading there may be some leakages of vapours. In order to control the leakages, a Vapour Recovery System (VRS) has been provided in the oil terminal. Vapour Recovery units would be supplied for Gasoline loading and Carbon Vacuum Adsorption process would be used. Vapour from the loading points pass through the vapour header to the recovery unit. The header is protected with detonation proof flame arresters at each end of the line. As a further precautionary measure, the storage tanks for motor spirit have been provided with floating roofs. Hydrocarbon detectors will be placed at strategic locations to monitor the concentration of hydrocarbon with in IOCL Terminal Solid Waste Management During the construction of the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih, solid waste materials, such as excess excavated earth, construction debris and metal chippings will be generated. These materials shall be cleared from the site and disposed suitably. The hazardous materials used during the construction may include diesel, welding gas and paints. These materials would be stored and handled according to the guidelines specified under Solid Waste (Management, Handling & Trans-boundary Movement) Rules dated 24 th September 2008 by MoEF. Some of the precautions of storage and handling of the hazardous materials includes the following: (a) Dyked enclosures would be provided wherever necessary for storage of hazardous materials. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 198

234 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand (b) Diesel and other fuels would be stored in separate dyke enclosures. (c) On-site recycling of all waste solvents / thinners and oils and off-site recycling of paint thinner solvent wastes and waste oil. (d) Separate storage for waste paints and thinners, contaminated rags and brushes to facilitate recycling and reuse. Rags could be laundered for reuse. (e) Vehicle maintenance area to be selected properly to prevent contamination of soil and ground water by accidental spillage of oil, and other wastes. During the operation phase, about 15 kg per day municipal wastes is generated from administrative building and canteen of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih, which is disposed off after segregation for recycling and composting. Non bio-degradable and no recyclable wastes are sent for common land fill site Noise During construction phase of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih, noise generation is anticipated during the operation of construction equipment, vehicular movement, fabrication, erection and commissioning etc. The mitigation measures for construction phase are given below: Rotating equipment used in construction activities will be maintained well and strictly conform to noise generation standards. Vehicles and equipment used at construction site will be fitted with silencer and maintained accordingly. Noise standards for industrial enterprises will be enforced to protect construction workers from adverse noise impacts. DG sets will be fitted with acoustic enclosures. Workers engaged in high noise area will be provided with appropriate ear muffs/plugs. Noise level will be monitored during the construction phase as mentioned in the environmental monitoring plan. Continuous generation of noise is not expected due to operation of the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 199

235 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Jasidih. Equipment specifications and installation of dampers/ silencers for DG sets will ensure that noise level from the operation of DG sets during grid power failure does not exceed 70dB (A) at 1 m distance as these are fitted with acoustic enclosure. Development of sq.m of green belt around the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih will further attenuate the noise levels as a result of the operation of DG sets during power failure and other equipment Green Belt Terrestrial Ecology Tree plantation is known for improving the aesthetic and climatological environment of an area and properly designed green belt can help in ameliorating air pollution to a very significant degree. Green belt in the area which will greatly helps in improving the air quality of the area. Green Belt Development The main objective of the green belt is to provide a barrier between the sources of pollution and the surrounding areas. A green belt helps to capture the fugitive emissions and to attenuate the noise generated at site apart from improving the aesthetics. This will also check soil erosion and make the ecosystem more diverse. Trees and plants are well known for trapping noise, particulate matters, and gaseous pollutants and also in controlling soil erosion. A 10m wide green belt will be provided along the boundary wall of the proposed terminal. Evergreen trees having thick foliage will be planted within the green belt. Only native species of trees, observed to prosper well in the area, will be planted. Trees will also be planted on roadsides, and around plants & offices. Lawns and gardens will be developed in vacant areas within the campus. At the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih, green belt will be developed on sq.m or 33% of the area. Green belt development at IOCL Terminal will have positive impact on ecology of the area. In case of non availability of sufficient land for ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 200

236 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand plantation in the area other land such as Schools, Govt. Waste land, Panchayat land or as per consultation with local Panchayat authorities, plantation would be carried. Green Belt Design Tree plantation is known for improving the aesthetic and climatological environment of an area and properly designed green belt can help in ameliorating air pollution to a very significant degree. It should be borne in mind that the green belt will be most effective as a sink for particulate matter and gaseous emissions from ground level sources, such as, fugitive emissions. Effectiveness of green belt for the elevated sources is rather limited but its action as a green lung greatly helps in improving the air quality of the area. Green belt also helps in attenuating sound level as it acts as a barrier for sound propagation. Plants native to an area are generally suggested to suit the prevailing ecosystem and biogeochemical cycling. Native plants are more tolerant to disease and result in better attenuation of pollutants. IOCL is committed to develop greenery in the area. IOCL will develop green belt on sqm area (33% area of plant). In view of the different functional requirements of the plant in an industrial area, the pattern of plantation around the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih is discussed under curtain, avenue, field and ornamental plantations. A. Curtain Plantation To help restrict the movement of pollutants from inside to outside and from outside to inside, a green belt is proposed to be developed at the peripheral limits on all sides of the plant boundary. Plants will be planted along the outermost boundary of the plant. The plants should be tall and of monoaxial habit and planted one meter apart in a close-set-manner. The species given in Table 9.1 will be planted as a curtain plantation for green belt: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 201

237 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 9.1: Curtain Plantation for Green Belt S.No. Botanical Name Vernacular Name 1 Albizzia lebbeck Kala sirish 2 Albizzia procera Safed sirish 3 Azadirachta indica Neem 4 Bombax ceiba Semal 5 Butea monosperma Palas 6 Cassia fistula Amaltas 7 Delonix regia Gulmohar 8 Emblica officinalis Amla 9 Hardiwickia binata Anjan 10 Madhuca longifolia Mahwa 11 Shorea robusta Sal 12 Phoenix sylvestris Date palm, Khajur 13 Tactona grandis Sagun 14 Terminalia arjuna Arjun 15 Holoptelea integrifolia Kanju 16 Terminalia arjuna Arjun 17 Borassus flabellifer L. Tari B. Avenue Plantation Linear plantations along road-sides help reduce air and noise pollution from automobiles as well as general emissions from the industrial unit. To combine bioaesthetic and pollution abatement needs, two parallel rows of trees (inner and outer row) should be planted on either side of the road. The tree species for the purpose, as given below, should be planted 1.5m apart from tree to tree as well as from row to row. Table 9.2 Details of Avenue Plantation S.No. Botanical Name Vernacular Name 1. Albizzia lebbeck Kala Sirish 2. Albizzia procera Safed Sirish 3. Butea monosperma Palas 4. Cassia fistula Amaltas 5. Delonix regia Gulmohar 6. Hardiwickia binata Anjan ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 202

238 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 7. Leucaena leucocephala Subabul 8. Terminalia arjuna Arjun 9. Saraca asoca Ashok C. Ornamental Plantation The available area should be used for planning lawns, hedges, flowerings trees and shrubs and seasonal flowers. The following species may be used for ornamental plantation. Foliage and Flowering Trees Nerium indicum Murraya exotica Hibiscus rosasinensis Flowering Shurbs Bougainvillea spectabilis Thespesia populanea Kaner Kamini Gudhal Booganbel Tulip tree D. Green Bed The free space on the lawns should be planted within Cynodon dactylon grass Rain Water Harvesting The proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih will spread across 27 Acres of land. Rain water harvesting will be provided in non hazardous area. Details of rain water harvesting system for proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih plant are as given below: Rooftop rainwater from the administrative area, storage facility area and plant area will be drained down to the ground and then taken to storm water drains. The storm water drains would be intercepted at strategic locations and rainwater diverted into recharge wells. The recharge wells will be provided with recharge bores to facilitate the recharge. Layers of filtering material like boulders, pebbles and coarse sand inside the recharge will ensure efficient filtration. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 203

239 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand In addition to this rain water harvesting and groundwater recharge structures will also be constructed at designated location. Rainwater harvesting structure details are given in layout and structure in following figures. Details are as follows: A layout showing rainwater harvesting structure in Terminal ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 204

240 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand A schematic view of Rainwater Harvesting Structure Socio-economic Environment During the construction and operation phase of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal at Jasidih, about 28 skilled, ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 205

241 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand semi skilled and unskilled workers may get direct and indirect employment opportunity, which will have positive impact on local area. The following suggestions are given below to strengthen the beneficial impacts on the socio-economic conditions: Local people shall be given preference for employment. All the applicable guidelines under relevant acts and rules related to labour welfare and safety shall be implemented during the construction work and operation activities Environmental Management Cell The proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at Jasidih of IOCL have full-fledge Safety and Environmental Protection (S&EP) cell at corporate level to take care of any environmental issue at its oil terminal. It is suggested that IOCL should designate one of its official for implementation of EMP during construction and operation phases of proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at IOCL terminal. This official will be responsible for day-to-day environmental affairs including implementing monitoring programme. 9.4 safety & Fire Fighting The main safety features associated with the proposed Oil Terminal are as follows: (i) The layout and fire fighting systems conform to the latest editions of OISD - (ii) 117 & 118. Dyke Walls of adequate capacities have been provided in suspected spillage or leakage areas. (iii) Floating roof tanks have been provided for storage of M.S. (iv) A 3-m high compound wall with 0.6 m high barbed wire fencing shall be (v) provided around the facilities in all directions. To segregate de-licensed area from licensed area, 1.80 m high chain Link fencing shall be provided. (vi) Adequate nos. of gates, main gate and emergency gate has been provided. (vii) All electrical fittings provided in sensitive areas shall be flame proof and intrinsically safe. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 206

242 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand (viii) Tank lorry parking area of adequate capacity has been provided away from the National Highway Fire Fighting Facilities The fire fighting system in the proposed facilities consists of Fire Water Storage, Fire Water Pumps and Fire Hydrant System. Fire Hydrant rings covering all facilities will be provided as per OISD requirements. Double hydrants (with hose boxes, hoses and nozzles) and fire water monitors have been provided as per OISD-117 stipulations Safety Organization The fire and safety department shall be under the control of trained and responsible officer. All the officers and staff of the TOP shall be trained in combating fire and use of safety equipment Security The following security arrangement has been provided for the proposed installation: (i) The facilities will be guarded round the clock by efficient security personnel. They will prevent any unauthorized entry inside the plant. (ii) Watch towers will be provided and manned round the clock to watch unauthorised entry from outside. (iii) A boundary wall will be provided around the installation to resist any unauthorized entry. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 207

243 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Safety & Environmental Audit In view of the high hazard potential of petroleum products, extreme care is taken to maintain the safety needs of the installation. Safety audits will be done regularly by the Plant -in-charge along with safety officer, other engineering officers and the workers. The safety audit will include operating procedures, housekeeping, provision of fire fighting and safety gadgets, mock drills etc Occupational Health & Safety Safety Department in the plant looks after the occupational safety aspects of the workers also. Workers will be informed about the preventive measures and safe operating practices to be followed for various types of job. Training course will be organized for the workmen and the officers before they are put on the job. Contractor's labourers will also be trained and educated to ensure safe operating practices for the jobs. Safety, Health & Environment Policy Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Jasidih Terminal is committed to conduct business with strong environment conscience ensuring sustainable development, safe work places and enrichment of quality of life of Employees, customers and the community. We, at Indian Oil Corporation Limited, Jasidih Terminal, believe that good S, H & E performance is an integral part of efficient and profitable business management. Details are as follows: Establish and maintain good standards for safety of the people, the processes and the assets. Comply with the Rules and Regulations on Safety, Occupational Health and Environment Protection. Operate and maintain all facilities, processes and procedures to secure sustained Safety, Health and Environment Protection. Remain trained, equipped and ready for effective and prompt response to accidents and emergencies. Welcome audit of our S, H & E conducted by external body, so that the confidence of the employees and the community is safeguarded. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 208

244 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Remain committed to be a leader in Safety, Occupational Health and Environment Protection through continual improvement. Make efforts to preserve ecological balance and heritage Tools & Tackles In Hydrocarbon industry, it is customary to use non-sparking type tools (spanners, wrenches etc). Electrical hand tools like torches, lamp etc. to be used in the hazardous ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 209

245 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand area will be flame proof type. All tools will be of approved quality and make and will be purchased with test certificates Preventive Maintenance & Planned Inspection To facilitate inspection and maintenance service in planned manner, a schedule will be made and jobs to be done daily, weekly, bi-weekly, monthly, half yearly and yearly will be prepared. Record of the jobs done will be kept properly. The inspection & maintenance schedule will be done as per the directive & procedure laid down by OISD as well as instructions of suppliers. The planned inspection will also include statutory inspection of pressure vessels, storage tanks, safety valves etc. In the scope of Environmental Management Plan, pollution prevention and control program is a multifaceted and expensive program in this rapid changing arena. Among the many programs a few of them are of great interest and IOCL will pay proper attention. The programs are as under: (i) Green Light Program It involves installation of energy efficient lighting system which reduces indirectly generation of oxides of Carbon, Nitrogen and Sulphur. However, there shall not be any comprise with required illumination at working places. (ii) Energy Star Program Use of energy efficient electrical appliances. IOCL Pays proper attention to improve the working environment by adopting the principle of Ergonomics in the following line of action: In order to maximise the working and skill capability of the work-men, the Environmental Management Plan considers the strategy and goal of Ergonomics. 9.5 Environmental Training To achieve the objective of pollution control, it is essential not only to provide best pollution control system but also to provide trained manpower resources to operate the same. The regular in-house training programme should cover the following: Awareness of pollution control and environmental protection. Knowledge of norms, regulations and procedures. Occupational health and safety at IOCL terminal. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 210

246 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Fire fighting facilities proposed for additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays. 9.6 Reporting and Monitoring System Proper reporting of implementation of mitigation measures plays important role in effective environmental management. The reporting system will provide the necessary feedback for project management to ensure proper quality of the work and that the environmental management programmes are on schedule. The rationale for a reporting system is based on accountability to ensure that the mitigation measures proposed as part of the Environmental Management Plan gets implemented during construction of two mounded vessels and operation phases of the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at Jasidih of IOCL. The reporting system will operate linearly with the person who is at the lowest level of the implementation system to the project management and shall report to Territorial Manager of IOCL. For the proposed additional storage tankages of MS, HSD, SKO and 4 TLF Bays at Jasidih of IOCL, all reporting to the Territorial Manager of IOCL will be on weekly basis. The IOCL s Environmental Management Cell will be responsible for preparing targets for each of the identified mitigation measures. The compliance monitoring and the progress reports on environmental components may be clubbed together and submitted to the Territorial Manager of IOCL weekly during each phase of implementation period. At the end of implementation, weekly progress report on environmental issues may be discontinued. During the construction period, a compliance report may include description of the items of mitigation measures, which were not complied by any of the responsible agencies. It would also report the management actions taken to enforce compliance. It may however, be noted that certain items of the EMP might not be possible to be compiled at the field level due to a variety of reasons. The intention of the compliance report is not to suppress these issues but to bring out the circumstances and reasons for which compliance was not possible. This would help in rationalizing the ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 211

247 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand implementation of the mitigation measures during the remaining duration of implementation. Solutions for further effective implementation would also come out as a result of the compliance monitoring reports. Photographic records will also be established to provide useful environmental monitoring tools. A full record will be kept as part of normal contract monitoring. 9.7 Budgets for Implementation of EMP and Monitoring Plan The budget for implementation of mitigation measures and environmental management plan to mitigate the potential adverse environmental impacts during operation phase are suggested in Table 9.3. Table 9.3 Budget for Implementation of EMP and Monitoring Plan Cost in Lakh Rupees S.No. Description Capital Cost Recurring Cost 1 Environmental Monitoring Plantation Environmental Awareness & Training Rainwater Harvesting Total Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) In light of the Corporate Social Responsibility program under CSR initiative scheme of Corporation, Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) in the area will be undertaken as per Government of India guidelines. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 212

248 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Table 9.4 Budgetary allocation for CSR SI.N Description Qty Unit Rate Amt. in Rs. 1 Earth Filling 70 CM Provision of community center 40 NO of size 60 SM[6X10] 3 Provision of Girls toilet With Septic Tank, Soak pit, 2 NO Inspection Chambers, Overhead With 1000 Liters 4 Provision of Boys Toilet With 2 NO Septic Tank, Soak pit,sanitary Pipes &Inspection Chambers, Overhead Tank Of 1000Litres 5 Provision of borewell with 2 NO Hand force pump with Suitable submersible pump 6 Provision of RO Water purifier (for drinking purpose ) 2 NO Procurement of swing 10 NO Machines for Ladies 8 Procurement of Desktop PC 3 NO with UPS &printers 9 Computer Table, Chairs 3 Set Primary health 1 NO Facilities(Patient Bed, Dr Table +Chair,3 Total Service Tax, 5% contingency, VAT Total Say Rs.(In lacs) ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 213

249 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand CHAPTER-10 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANTS This chapter describes about the environmental consultant engaged in preparation of EIA report for proposed expansion of Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL) located at village-jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand INTRODUCTION ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited (formerly ABC Environ Solutions Pvt. Ltd.) is an ISO 9001, ISO & OHSAS Certified Company & leading Environmental Engineering & Consultancy Company constantly striving towards newer heights since its inception in Our Company is dedicated to provide strategic services in the areas environment, infrastructure, energy, engineering and multilab. It is the first firm to be accredited by NABET (National Accreditation Board for Education and Training), Quality Council of India, as an EIA Consultant, approved for carrying out EIA studies and obtaining environmental clearance for various sectors such as Thermal Power Plants, Infrastructure, Industrial Estates/Complexes/Areas, Mining, Township & area development and Building construction projects etc. ABC Techno Labs is equipped with in-house, spacious laboratory, accredited by NABL (National Accreditation Board for Testing & Calibration Laboratories), Department of Science & Technology, Government of India. Since establishment ABC Techno Labs focus on sustainable development of Industry and Environment based on sound engineering practices, innovation, quality, R&D and most important is satisfying customers need. The company has successfully completed more than 100 projects of variety of industries, in the field of pollution control and environmental management solutions. The company is also dealing in the projects of waste minimization and cleaner production technology. ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 214

250 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand The team of technocrats and scientist are well experienced to deal with the design, Manufacture, Fabrication, Installation, commissioning of Effluent/Wastewater treatment plants, Sewage Treatment plants, Combined Treatment plants. The company is having well experienced team of Scientists & Engineers who are looking after environmental projects & well equipped analytical laboratory with a facility including analysis of physical, chemical and biological parameters as per the requirements of the State Pollution Control Board and our clients. Services of ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited Environmental Services Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Environmental Management Plan (EMP) Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Environmental Baseline data collection for Air, Meteorology, Noise, Water, Soil, Ecology, Socio-Economic and Demography etc; Environmental Monitoring Socio Economic Studies Resettlement & Rehabilitation Plan Ecological & Human Health Risk Assessment Studies Ecological Impact Assessment Environmental Management Framework Solid Waste Management Hazardous Waste Management Internship & Training Turnkey Projects Other Services Water Treatment Plants Sewage Treatment Plant Recycling & Water Conservation Systems Zero Discharge System Operation & Maintenance of Water & Waste Water Plants ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 215

251 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand Water & Waste Water Treatment Chemicals Pilot Plant studies Feasibility studies & preparation of budgetary estimates Laboratory Services Chemical Testing Environmental Testing Microbiological Testing Food Testing Metallurgical Testing Sectors Accredited by NABET S. No. Name of Sector 1. Mining of minerals (Open cast and Underground) Mining of minerals (Open cast only ) 2. Offshore oil and gas exploration, development & productions 3. Irrigation projects only 4. Thermal Power Plant 5. Mineral beneficiation including pelletisation 6. Metallurgical industries ( ferrous only ) secondary 7. Cement Plants 8. Petroleum refining industry 9. Leather/skin/hide processing industry 10. Chemical Fertilizers 11. Pesticides industry and pesticide specific intermediates (excluding formulations) 12. Petro-chemical complexes (industries based on processing of petroleum fractions & natural gas and/or reforming to aromatics) 13. Synthetic organic chemicals industry (dyes & dye intermediates; bulk drugs and intermediates excluding drug formulations; synthetic rubbers; basic organic chemicals, other synthetic organic chemicals and chemical intermediates) 14. Distilleries 15. Sugar Industry 16. Oil & gas transportation pipeline (crude and refinery/ petrochemical products), passing through national parks/ sanctuaries/coral reefs /ecologically sensitive Areas including LNG terminal 17. Isolated storage & handling of hazardous chemicals (As per threshold planning quantity indicated in column 3 of Schedule 2 & 3 of MSIHC Rules 1989 amended 2000) 18. Airports 19. Industrial estates/ parks/ complexes/ Areas, export processing zones(epzs), Special ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 216

252 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand economic zones (SEZs), Biotech parks, Leather complexes 20. Ports, harbours, jetties, marine terminals, break waters and dredging 21. Highways, Railways, transport terminals, mass rapid transport system 22. Common effluent treatment plants (CETPs) 23. Common municipal solid waste management facility (CMSWMF) Building and large construction projects including shopping malls, multiplexes, 24. commercial complexes, housing estates, hospitals, institutions 25. Townships and Area development Projects Study Team ABC Techno Labs India Private Limited has carried out this Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study. The multidisciplinary team included expertise in Environmental Impact Assessment, Air, Water pollution & Control measures, Noise Control measures, Ecology & biodiversity, Land use, Geology, Environmental Chemistry and Socio-Economic planner. The team members involved in EIA study area: S.No. Name of Expert Role 1. Mr. V.K.Gautam 2. Dr. R.K. Jayaseelan Dr. Chaitanya Sathe Dr.C.S.Chouhan Mr.Bipin Prakash Chari Dr.Muthiah Mariappan Dr.Chaitanya Sathe Dr.C.S.Chouhan Mr. Mohammed Assain Dr.C.S.Chouhan Dr. N. Sukumaran Dr.C.S.Chouhan EIA coordinator, Isolated Storage & Handling of Hazardous Chemicals & FAE Meteorology, Air Quality Modelling & Prediction Functional Area Expert Land use, Water Pollution, Prevention & Control and Hydrogeology FAE-Water Pollution FAE-Water Pollution AFAE-Water Pollution (Report Analysis and Documentation) FAE Solid Waste Management AFAE- Air Pollution, Solid and Hazardous Waste FAE-Air Pollution FAE-Ecology & Biodiversity 7. Dr.Thillai Govindarajan FAE Geology 8. Mr. M. Senthil Kumar 9. Mr. R. Rajendran FAE Risk Assessment & Hazard Management FAE Air Pollution, Prevention and Control and Noise & Vibration 10. Mrs.Geetha Shreeneevasakam FAE Socio-Economic Expert 11. Mrs. K. Vijayalakshmi Manager - Environment ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 217

253 Limited at Jasidih, Tehsil & District-Deoghar, Jharkhand 12. Mr. Arun Kumar Sharma 13. Mr. Bharat P. 14. Ms. Divya Mistry 15. Ms. R. Akshaya 16. Mr. G. Vineeth Pethu 17. Mr. Mukund Ramesh 18. Mr. Robson Chinnadurai Senior Chemist 19. Mr. M. Muruganantham Junior Chemist 20. Mr. Sathish Field Technician Project Engineer-Report Analysis and Documentation Junior Project Engineer Report Analysis and Documentation Project Engineer-Report Analysis and Documentation Junior Project Engineer Report Analysis and Documentation Junior Project Engineer Report Analysis and Documentation Junior Project Engineer Report Analysis and Documentation ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd., Chennai Page 218